阅读说明：本技术 一种基于能量释放主体的冲击地压分类及判定方法 (Rock burst classification and judgment method based on energy release main body ) 是由 潘一山 施天威 王爱文 唐治 肖永惠 代连朋 于 2019-09-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种基于能量释放主体的冲击地压分类及判定方法,将冲击地压划分为煤体能量释放主体型冲击地压、顶底板断裂能量释放主体型冲击地压、断层带及围岩能量释放主体型冲击地压和顶底板断裂-煤体能量释放主体型冲击地压；四类冲击地压的判定方法是,将冲击地压微震监测数据分为震级M、震动频率f和震动持续时间T三个释放能量特征,并按其数值大小分别划分为0、1、2、3四个特征指数；然后按特征指数的不同组合判定冲击地压的类型。本发明对冲击地压的分类理论依据科学,与实际相符；通过查表形式可快速准确地判定冲击地压的类型,针对不同类型的冲击地压采取不同的监测和防治措施,使在继续开采过程中有效降低或消除该类型冲击地压再次发生的危险性。(A rock burst classification and judgment method based on an energy release main body divides the rock burst into a coal body energy release main body type rock burst, a top and bottom plate fracture energy release main body type rock burst, a fault zone and surrounding rock energy release main body type rock burst and a top and bottom plate fracture-coal body energy release main body type rock burst; the method for judging the four types of rock burst comprises the steps of dividing microseismic monitoring data of the rock burst into three release energy characteristics of magnitude M, vibration frequency f and vibration duration T, and dividing the release energy characteristics into four characteristic indexes of 0, 1, 2 and 3 according to the numerical values of the release energy characteristics; and then judging the type of the rock burst according to different combinations of the characteristic indexes. The classification theory of the invention for the rock burst is scientific and accords with the practice; the type of the rock burst can be rapidly and accurately judged through a table look-up form, and different monitoring and prevention measures are taken aiming at different types of rock bursts, so that the reoccurrence danger of the rock burst is effectively reduced or eliminated in the continuous mining process.)

1. A rock burst classification and judgment method based on an energy release main body is characterized by comprising the following steps:

rock burst is divided into four types: type I-coal body energy release main body type rock burst, type II-top and bottom plate fracture energy release main body type rock burst, type III-fault zone and surrounding rock energy release main body type rock burst, type II-type I-top and bottom plate fracture-coal body energy release main body type rock burst; the coal body energy release main body type rock burst is characterized in that the energy release main body is a coal body before impact damage; the top and bottom plates are broken to release main body type rock burst, and the energy release main body is a top plate or a bottom plate; the fault zone and the surrounding rock energy release main body type rock burst is characterized in that the energy release main body is the fault zone and the surrounding rock thereof; the top and bottom plates are broken, the coal body energy releases main body type rock burst, and the energy release main body is a top plate or a bottom plate and a coal body before impact damage;

the method for judging the four types of rock burst comprises the following steps:

(1) collecting accident information of the generated rock burst, and dividing microseismic monitoring data of the rock burst into three release energy characteristics of magnitude M, vibration frequency f and vibration duration T; dividing three released energy characteristics into four characteristic indexes of 0, 1, 2 and 3 according to monitoring values, and determining the characteristic indexes according to the table 1

TABLE 1 characteristic index division standard table for released energy characteristics

(2) And determining the characteristic index of the released energy characteristic when rock burst occurs according to the table 1, and judging the type of the rock burst according to the table 2.

Table 2 rock burst type determination standard table

Technical Field

The invention relates to classification and judgment of coal mine rock burst, in particular to a rock burst classification and judgment method based on an energy release main body.

Background

In recent years, with the increase of coal mining intensity and mining depth, factors such as deep high ground stress and complex geological conditions cause frequent coal mine impact pressure in China, and the safety mining of coal mines is seriously influenced. Aiming at the rock burst problem, the current research mainly comprises three aspects of the generation mechanism, monitoring and prevention of the rock burst, wherein the generation mechanism of the rock burst is the basis of the monitoring and prevention. However, the rock burst has many influencing factors and various types, and different types of rock burst have different mechanisms, so that the targeted monitoring and prevention of the rock burst are difficult.

At present, research results on types of rock burst only show different classification methods of rock burst, and the classification methods lack corresponding quantitative judgment. For example, the rock burst mechanism and prevention and control [ J ] in coal mining in China, 2014,39(02):205 and 213.) of Jiang dazang et al (Jiang dazang, Pan shan, Jiang fuxing, etc..) divide the rock burst of coal mines into three categories based on the coal-rock structural instability under different stress states: the method is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps of material instability type rock burst, slippage type rock burst and structure instability type rock burst, but a quantitative method is not used for distinguishing the three types of rock burst, so that the pertinence of the proposed rock burst monitoring and preventing method is not strong.

At present, for a mine with a certain rock burst, when the mine continues to mine, monitoring and preventing means are generally added on the basis of original monitoring and preventing measures, but the monitoring and preventing effects cannot be expected sometimes, and the production cost of the mine is increased. The reason for this is that the source of rock burst is not known, and the monitoring and control measures are not targeted.

Based on the fact that the mine where the rock burst occurs has high risk of re-occurrence of the rock burst, the type of the rock burst is determined according to the source of the rock burst, so that different monitoring and preventing measures are taken for different types of rock bursts, and the method is an effective method for reducing or eliminating the risk of re-occurrence of the rock burst of the mine.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a rock burst classification and judgment method based on an energy release main body, which is used for providing a basis for making rock burst monitoring and control strategies in a targeted manner and improving the technical effects of the rock burst monitoring and control when a mine with the rock burst is continuously mined.

The invention discloses a method for classifying and judging rock burst, which is based on the principle that the rock burst is a sudden and strongly destructive power phenomenon, external input energy and self stored energy are not completely consumed when coal and rock are destroyed, and surplus energy is converted into kinetic energy to be released. The method takes an energy release main body when rock burst occurs as a center, takes an external input energy leading factor or takes an energy storage leading factor as a division basis, when the external input energy leading factor, an external input energy source body is the energy release main body, and comprises a fault zone, surrounding rocks, a top plate and a bottom plate; when the self-stored energy is dominant, the self-stored energy source body is the energy release main body, and the self-stored energy source body is the coal body before impact damage.

Based on the above theory, the present invention divides rock burst into four types: type I-coal body energy release main body type rock burst, type II-top and bottom plate fracture energy release main body type rock burst, type III-fault zone and surrounding rock energy release main body type rock burst, type II-type I-top and bottom plate fracture-coal body energy release main body type rock burst; the coal body energy release main body type rock burst is characterized in that the energy release main body is a coal body before impact damage; the top and bottom plates are broken to release main body type rock burst, and the energy release main body is a top plate or a bottom plate; the fault zone and the surrounding rock energy release main body type rock burst is characterized in that the energy release main body is the fault zone and the surrounding rock thereof; the top and bottom plates are broken, the coal body energy releases main body type rock burst, and the energy release main body is a top plate or a bottom plate and a coal body before impact damage.

The method for judging the four types of rock burst comprises the following steps:

(1) collecting accident information of the generated rock burst, and dividing microseismic monitoring data of the rock burst into three release energy characteristics of magnitude M (ML), vibration frequency f (Hz) and vibration duration T(s); dividing three released energy characteristics into four characteristic indexes of 0, 1, 2 and 3 according to monitoring values (the characteristic indexes of magnitude and vibration duration are divided from small to large, and the characteristic indexes of vibration frequency are divided from large to small), and then respectively determining the characteristic indexes according to the table 1

TABLE 1 characteristic index division standard table for released energy characteristics

(2) Determining characteristic index of the released energy characteristic when rock burst occurs according to table 1, and judging the type of the rock burst according to table 2

Table 2 rock burst type determination standard table

After the rock burst occurs in the mine, collecting three data of the characteristics of the shock magnitude M (ML), the vibration frequency f (Hz) and the vibration duration T(s) monitored when the rock burst occurs, judging the type of the occurring rock burst according to the method of the invention, and adopting different monitoring and preventing measures according to the table 3 aiming at the type of the rock burst.

TABLE 3 rock burst monitoring and prevention and control measures taken according to the type of rock burst

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the classification of rock burst is scientific in theoretical basis, and accords with the reality by taking an energy release main body as a center when rock burst occurs and taking an external input energy leading factor or a self stored energy leading factor as a division basis.

2. According to the invention, the type of the rock burst is judged in a table look-up mode according to the difference of the released energy characteristics expressed by the structure and lithology difference of the energy source bodies of different types of rock burst, the type of the rock burst can be quickly and accurately judged after the rock burst occurs in a coal mine, and different monitoring and preventing measures are taken aiming at different types of rock burst, so that the monitoring and preventing effects of the rock burst are effectively improved in the process of continuous mining, and the risk of the rock burst occurring again is reduced or eliminated.

Detailed Description

The following describes a specific embodiment of the present invention with reference to examples.

In this embodiment, after rock burst occurs in a certain mine, the method for determining the type of the rock burst and for monitoring and preventing the rock burst in the continuous mining process aiming at the type of the rock burst are adopted, and the specific steps are as follows:

(1) according to the waveform obtained by the microseismic monitoring system, the magnitude of the rock burst is 2.5ML, the vibration frequency is 10Hz, and the vibration duration is 8 s;

(2) looking up a table 1 (a characteristic index division standard table of released energy characteristics), wherein the characteristic index of the shock level of the impact earth pressure is 1, the characteristic index of the shock frequency is 2, and the characteristic index of the shock duration is 2;

(3) looking up a table 2 (rock burst type determination standard table), determining that the rock burst type is type II and belongs to top and bottom plate fracture energy release main body type rock burst;

(4) according to table 3 (table of rock burst monitoring and control measures taken according to the type of rock burst), the rock burst monitoring measures taken for this type of rock burst are monitoring the top lower plate of the energy releasing body, and regional monitoring measures are taken in combination with local monitoring measures. The regional monitoring measures comprise a microseismic method and surface subsidence monitoring; the local monitoring measures comprise monitoring of the working surface resistance of the working surface support, monitoring of deformation of the roadway top and bottom plates and the like. The adopted rock burst prevention measures are to prevent and treat the top and bottom plates of the energy release main body, and the prevention measures comprise top plate blasting pre-cracking, top plate hydraulic fracturing, bottom plate drilling and the like.