阅读说明：本技术 一种输油管道原油泄露污染点源的定位方法 (Positioning method for oil pipeline crude oil leakage pollution point source ) 是由 任鹏 穆谦益 李岩 赵敏 刘宁 杨琴 张海玲 邱奇 同霄 范婧 于 2019-08-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于石油开发环境保护技术领域,具体涉及一种输油管道原油泄露污染点源的定位方法。本发明通过在粗定的输油管路泄露范围周边按照一定的排列方式进行钻探,采集土壤样品并分析其含油率,快速获取原油泄露污染范围状况,通过对比不同区域内土壤样品原油含量来定位污染核心区,以此迅速缩小泄露点位的搜寻范围,以便于工程技术人员及时采取控制、治理措施,降低原油泄漏所带来的生态环境威胁。(The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum development environment protection, and particularly relates to a method for positioning a crude oil leakage pollution point source of an oil pipeline. The method comprises the steps of drilling at the periphery of a roughly determined oil pipeline leakage range according to a certain arrangement mode, collecting soil samples, analyzing the oil content of the soil samples, rapidly acquiring the condition of a crude oil leakage pollution range, and positioning a pollution core area by comparing the crude oil content of the soil samples in different areas, so that the search range of leakage point positions is rapidly reduced, engineering technicians can take control and treatment measures in time, and the ecological environment threat caused by crude oil leakage is reduced.)

1. A positioning method for a crude oil leakage pollution point source of an oil pipeline is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: judging whether the soil is polluted by crude oil

Performing soil drilling and sample collection at the suspected crude oil leakage point, rapidly judging whether the soil is polluted by the crude oil, if no pollution is found, re-estimating the leakage point for drilling, and if the pollution is found, entering the next step;

step two: secondary drilling

Taking the primary hole probing of the step one as the center of a circle, taking the distance of 1.5-3 times the depth of the soil polluted by the crude oil as the radius, performing secondary drilling on the arc line, and collecting a soil sample;

step three: analysis of soil for determining contaminated conditions

Pretreating the soil sample collected in the secondary drilling in the step two, and determining the polluted condition of the soil for analysis;

step four: re-drilling

And according to the analysis result of the soil petroleum pollution condition in the third step, re-drilling the soil sample on the semicircular arc with the outward radiation radius of L by taking the probe hole with the highest soil petroleum content as a reference, and repeating the operation in the third step until determining the oil leakage pollution point and the soil range polluted by the leaked petroleum.

2. The method for positioning the oil pipeline crude oil leakage pollution point source according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method for rapidly judging whether the soil is polluted by the crude oil in the step one adopts a portable detection instrument of a fluorescence photometric detection technology to measure the concentration of the oil in the soil.

3. The method for positioning the oil pipeline crude oil leakage pollution point source according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and in the second drilling step, the distance twice the depth of the soil polluted by the crude oil is detected as a radius, the secondary drilling is carried out on the arc line, and a soil sample is collected.

4. The method for positioning the oil pipeline crude oil leakage pollution point source according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and the secondary drilling is to perform secondary drilling at 3-8 equal points on an arc which takes the primary borehole as the center of a circle and takes the distance of two times of the depth polluted by crude oil as the radius, and collect soil samples of corresponding points, wherein the step length of 1/10-1/8 of the drilling depth H is taken as the step length during sample collection, and multiple samples are collected.

5. The method for positioning the oil pipeline crude oil leakage pollution point source according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and in the third step, the soil sample collected by the secondary drilling is pretreated by extracting extractable petroleum hydrocarbon in the soil by using dichloromethane, evaporating the dichloromethane in the extraction liquid by using a rotary evaporator, and dissolving the residual oil by using carbon tetrachloride and fixing the volume.

6. The method for positioning the oil pipeline crude oil leakage pollution point source as claimed in claim 5, wherein: weighing 5.00g of freeze-dried soil sample by the method for pretreating the soil sample collected by secondary drilling in the third step, adding anhydrous sodium sulfate with the same volume, uniformly mixing, and standing for 25-30 min; placing in 50ml centrifugal tube, adding 12-17ml dichloromethane, shaking, mixing, ultrasonic treating for 13-18min, and centrifuging at 2500r/min for 7-12 min; repeating ultrasonic centrifugation for at least two times, mixing the supernatants, rotary evaporating at 50-55 deg.C for 25-35min, and rinsing the inner wall of flask with carbon tetrachloride; and transferring the liquid in the flask into a 25ml volumetric flask, transferring carbon tetrachloride after the flask is rinsed for many times into the volumetric flask, and carrying out constant volume to a marked line by using the carbon tetrachloride to obtain a sample.

7. The method for positioning the oil pipeline crude oil leakage pollution point source as claimed in claim 6, wherein: weighing 5.00g of freeze-dried soil sample by the method for pretreating the soil sample collected by secondary drilling in the third step, adding anhydrous sodium sulfate with the same volume, uniformly mixing, and standing for 30 min; placing in a 50ml centrifugal tube, adding 15ml dichloromethane, shaking, mixing, ultrasonic treating for 15min, and centrifuging at 2500r/min for 10 min. Repeating ultrasonic centrifugation twice, combining the supernatants, rotating at 54 deg.C to evaporate to dryness, maintaining for 30min, and rinsing the inner wall of the flask with carbon tetrachloride; and transferring the liquid in the flask into a 25ml volumetric flask, transferring carbon tetrachloride after the flask is rinsed for many times into the volumetric flask, and carrying out constant volume to a marked line by using the carbon tetrachloride to obtain a sample.

8. The method for positioning the oil pipeline crude oil leakage pollution point source according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and in the fourth step, the exploration hole with the highest soil oil content is drilled again, the average value of the oil content measurement of the soil sample in the range of 1/3 in the middle of the drilling depth is selected, and the oil content is highest when the average value is the largest.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum development environment protection, and particularly relates to a method for positioning a crude oil leakage pollution point source of an oil pipeline.

Background

In the process of petroleum exploitation, gathering and transportation and refining, the transfer and transportation of crude oil medium are completed by means of a large-scale oil pipeline system. The integrity of the system is the basis for ensuring the stable and reliable operation of the oil transportation process. In the actual use process, the pipeline is often leaked due to factors such as third party damage, material corrosion and the like, so that economic property and personal safety are harmed to people. To fundamentally solve this problem, it is necessary to detect and locate the location of the leak in the pipe. The range of the leakage point of the oil pipeline can be conveniently searched by using a negative pressure wave detection method, an optical fiber leakage detection method and an infrasonic wave method, but the determination of the specific point position still needs to be actually measured on site; in addition, the condition of pollution of the crude oil conveying pipeline to peripheral soil caused by leakage is rapidly investigated and determined, and decision basis can be provided for manual control and treatment of pollution of soil, underground water and the like caused by crude oil leakage. At the present stage, the accurate positioning of the leakage point of the oil pipeline is generally determined by adopting a large excavation mode, and the method has the advantages of large workload, high construction risk and lower working efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a method for positioning a crude oil leakage pollution point source of an oil pipeline, and aims to provide a sampling and preprocessing method for monitoring the crude oil leakage point source pollution, which has the advantages of small workload, low construction risk and high working efficiency.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

a positioning method for a crude oil leakage pollution point source of an oil pipeline comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: judging whether the soil is polluted by crude oil

Performing soil drilling and sample collection at the suspected crude oil leakage point, rapidly judging whether the soil is polluted by the crude oil, if no pollution is found, re-estimating the leakage point for drilling, and if the pollution is found, entering the next step;

step two: secondary drilling

Taking the primary hole probing of the step one as the center of a circle, taking the distance of 1.5-3 times the depth of the soil polluted by the crude oil as the radius, performing secondary drilling on the arc line, and collecting a soil sample;

step three: analysis of soil for determining contaminated conditions

Pretreating the soil sample collected in the secondary drilling in the step two, and determining the polluted condition of the soil for analysis;

step four: re-drilling

And according to the analysis result of the soil petroleum pollution condition in the third step, re-drilling the soil sample on the semicircular arc with the outward radiation radius of L by taking the probe hole with the highest soil petroleum content as a reference, and repeating the operation in the third step until determining the oil leakage pollution point and the soil range polluted by the leaked petroleum.

The method for rapidly judging whether the soil is polluted by the crude oil in the step one adopts a portable detection instrument of a fluorescence photometric detection technology to measure the concentration of the oil in the soil.

And in the second drilling step, the distance twice the depth of the soil polluted by the crude oil is detected as a radius, the secondary drilling is carried out on the arc line, and a soil sample is collected.

And the secondary drilling is to perform secondary drilling at 3-8 equal points on an arc which takes the primary borehole as the center of a circle and takes the distance of two times of the depth polluted by crude oil as the radius, and collect soil samples of corresponding points, wherein the step length of 1/10-1/8 of the drilling depth H is taken as the step length during sample collection, and multiple samples are collected.

And in the third step, the soil sample collected by the secondary drilling is pretreated by extracting extractable petroleum hydrocarbon in the soil by using dichloromethane, evaporating the dichloromethane in the extraction liquid by using a rotary evaporator, and dissolving the residual oil by using carbon tetrachloride and fixing the volume.

Weighing 5.00g of freeze-dried soil sample by the method for pretreating the soil sample collected by secondary drilling in the third step, adding anhydrous sodium sulfate with the same volume, uniformly mixing, and standing for 25-30 min; placing in 50ml centrifugal tube, adding 12-17ml dichloromethane, shaking, mixing, ultrasonic treating for 13-18min, and centrifuging at 2500r/min for 7-12 min; repeating ultrasonic centrifugation for at least two times, mixing the supernatants, rotary evaporating at 50-55 deg.C for 25-35min, and rinsing the inner wall of flask with carbon tetrachloride; and transferring the liquid in the flask into a 25ml volumetric flask, transferring carbon tetrachloride after the flask is rinsed for many times into the volumetric flask, and carrying out constant volume to a marked line by using the carbon tetrachloride to obtain a sample.

Weighing 5.00g of freeze-dried soil sample by the method for pretreating the soil sample collected by secondary drilling in the third step, adding anhydrous sodium sulfate with the same volume, uniformly mixing, and standing for 30 min; placing in a 50ml centrifugal tube, adding 15ml dichloromethane, shaking, mixing, ultrasonic treating for 15min, and centrifuging at 2500r/min for 10 min. Repeating ultrasonic centrifugation twice, combining the supernatants, rotating at 54 deg.C to evaporate to dryness, maintaining for 30min, and rinsing the inner wall of the flask with carbon tetrachloride; and transferring the liquid in the flask into a 25ml volumetric flask, transferring carbon tetrachloride after the flask is rinsed for many times into the volumetric flask, and carrying out constant volume to a marked line by using the carbon tetrachloride to obtain a sample.

And in the fourth step, the exploration hole with the highest soil oil content is drilled again, the average value of the oil content measurement of the soil sample in the range of 1/3 in the middle of the drilling depth is selected, and the oil content is highest when the average value is the largest.

Has the advantages that:

1. the sample collection and pretreatment method can efficiently and accurately position the crude oil leakage position;

2. the invention can conveniently and quickly determine the range of the polluted soil, reduce the risk of excavation construction and improve the working efficiency.

The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to clearly understand the technical solutions of the present invention and to implement the technical solutions according to the contents of the description, the following detailed description is given with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the present invention using a drilling rig for initial exploration along a pipeline;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a leak area obtained by using an infrasonic method to leak a petroleum pipeline according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1-an oil pipeline; 2-roughly determining a leakage area; 3-petroleum contaminated soil area.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.