阅读说明：本技术 一种全尺寸地下空间的电缆燃烧火灾模拟系统与方法 (Cable combustion fire simulation system and method for full-size underground space ) 是由 贾伯岩 张鹏 魏力强 刘宏亮 徐亚兵 伊晓宇 齐*** 杜旭浩 于 2019-08-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种全尺寸地下空间的电缆燃烧火灾模拟系统,包括通道主体钢架结构以及依次顺序连接的L型电缆通道结构、排烟系统、灭火系统、燃烧系统、监控系统、烟管测试系统、分析控制系统、标定校准系统和燃烧废气处理系统；所述L型电缆通道结构固定在通道主体钢架结构上。该系统及利用该系统的方法模拟地下空间电缆燃烧火灾的场景,能够方便的对地下空间的电缆火灾的研究以及电缆火灾研究,从而能针对各种工况下,研究火灾蔓延机理,有效的防护地下电缆通道,进行主动灭火预警的研究,消除安全隐患,减少电缆火灾造成的经济损失。(The invention discloses a cable combustion fire simulation system of a full-size underground space, which comprises a channel main body steel frame structure, and an L-shaped cable channel structure, a smoke exhaust system, a fire extinguishing system, a combustion system, a monitoring system, a smoke pipe testing system, an analysis control system, a calibration and calibration system and a combustion waste gas treatment system which are sequentially connected; the L-shaped cable channel structure is fixed on the channel main body steel frame structure. The system and the method utilizing the system to simulate the scene of the cable burning fire in the underground space can conveniently research the cable fire in the underground space and the cable fire, so that the fire spreading mechanism can be researched under various working conditions, the underground cable channel can be effectively protected, the research of active fire extinguishing and early warning can be carried out, the potential safety hazard can be eliminated, and the economic loss caused by the cable fire can be reduced.)

1. The utility model provides a cable burning fire analog system in full-size underground space which characterized in that: the system comprises a channel main body steel frame structure, and an L-shaped cable channel structure (100), a smoke exhaust system (200), a fire extinguishing system (300), a combustion system (400), a monitoring system (500), a smoke tube testing system (600), an analysis control system (700), a calibration and calibration system (800) and a combustion waste gas treatment system (900) which are sequentially connected;

the L-shaped cable channel structure (100) is fixed on a channel main body steel frame structure.

2. A cable fire simulation system for a full-scale underground space according to claim 1, wherein: l type cable channel structure (100) include fire prevention insulating layer (1), surround the cable that forms by fire prevention insulating layer (1) and pass through the chamber, set up explosion-proof glass observation window (2) on fire prevention insulating layer (1), the interval is fixed on fire prevention insulating layer (1) and is located cable and passes through two-way cable support (3) of chamber tip and set up drainage ditch groove (4) on fire prevention insulating layer (1) that are located the lower floor.

3. A cable fire simulation system for a full-scale underground space according to claim 1, wherein: the smoke tube testing system (600) comprises a laser smoke density testing system, a temperature field testing system and a calorimetric system.

4. A cable fire simulation system for a full-scale underground space according to claim 3, wherein: the laser smoke density testing system comprises a smoke pipe (10) for receiving smoke generated by cable combustion, a smoke density light path transmitting end (7) and a smoke density light path receiving end (6), wherein the smoke density light path transmitting end is fixed at the outer side of the smoke pipe (10).

5. The cable fire simulation system for a full-scale underground space according to claim 4, wherein: the smoke density light path transmitting end (7) adopts a laser light source to transmit light signals, and the smoke density light path receiving end (6) adopts a photoelectric sensor to receive the light signals, so that non-contact smoke density measurement is realized.

6. The cable fire simulation system for a full-scale underground space according to claim 4, wherein: the temperature field testing system consists of an Omgea K-type thermocouple and a thermocouple support, and high-precision temperature field measurement is realized.

7. The cable fire simulation system for a full-scale underground space according to claim 4, wherein: the calorimetric system comprises a sampling probe (8) and a differential pressure probe (9) which are fixed outside the smoke pipe (10); the smoke pipe is also provided with an anemometry system (5).

8. A cable combustion fire simulation method for a full-size underground space is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1, the cable is burned in a mode in an L-shaped cable channel (100); the main structure of the channel is provided with a fireproof heat insulation system, the thickness of the heat insulation layer is 300mm, and the fireproof requirement of resisting 20min at 1000 ℃ is met; the L-shaped cable channel is simultaneously provided with a bidirectional cable bracket, an explosion-proof glass observation window and a drainage groove;

step 2, after the cable is burnt, smoke and fire circulate to the smoke exhaust system (200) in the L-shaped cable channel (100); meanwhile, the air supply and smoke exhaust of the smoke exhaust system (200) consists of a centrifugal fan, a variable frequency controller and an air quantity sensor, so that real-time adjustment, accurate air blowing and quick smoke exhaust are realized;

step 3, starting a fire extinguishing system (300) after the cable burns for 1-5 minutes; the fire extinguishing system (300) adopts a water spray protection system and a fire hydrant, and the water spray fire extinguishing protection system is arranged in the channel; setting water spraying parameters as 2m spacing, spraying intensity as 13L/min/m2, water supply duration as 0.4h, spraying angle of water mist spray head as 120 degrees, and setting flow coefficient as spraying of K33.7 or K42.8; the design of a drainage ditch of the cable channel main body is combined, so that the rapid fire extinguishing is realized;

step 4, burning the cable in a burning system (400), and shooting the development condition of flame in real time by a monitoring system (500); the monitoring system (500) shoots visible light and infrared video and transmits the visible light and the infrared video to the platform through a transmission line so as to observe the flame development and spread conditions;

step 5, the smoke spreads to a smoke tube testing system (600), and the smoke tube testing system realizes high-precision HRR, THR and FIGRA measurement;

HRR is heat release rate, THR is total heat release amount, FIGRA is combustion growth rate index;

step 6, transmitting calorimetric data, video data and temperature field data to an analysis control system (700) in real time, and completing the data acquisition and control functions by the analysis control system;

step 7, after the data are transmitted to the analysis control system, the calibration and calibration system (800) carries out secondary processing on the acquired data and carries out calibration again so as to achieve the purpose of enabling the data to be more accurate;

and 8, finally, the generated waste gas reaches a cable combustion waste gas treatment system (900), and the waste gas treatment system eliminates smoke and eliminates smoke, so that the aim of emission without smoke is fulfilled.

9. The cable combustion fire simulation method for the full-scale underground space according to claim 8, wherein: the L-shaped cable channel (100) is a main body part of a full-size simulation analysis laboratory, is made of a steel structure, is formed by combining equal-ratio size models of L-shaped channels consisting of 2m transverse channels and 4m 2m 1m longitudinal channels, and is used for tunnel combustion condition simulation.

10. The cable combustion fire simulation method for the full-scale underground space according to claim 8, wherein: the smoke exhaust pipeline of the smoke exhaust system (200) adopts a double-layer tunnel structure and is made of 18m by 1.5m stainless steel.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a cable combustion fire simulation system and method for a full-size underground space, and belongs to the field of safe operation of power transmission and distribution cables.

Background

The cable is widely applied to various industries in China and numerous fields of national life, and provides important guarantee for national industrial and economic development. The cable generally comprises a sheath layer, a filling layer, an insulating layer, a wire core and the like, wherein the filling layer and the insulating layer are generally made of high polymer materials, and have certain flammability and strong toxicity. Some of the insulating layers belong to thermoplastic materials, and when the insulating layers are heated or burnt, coupled fire spreading behaviors of melting, dripping and flowing burning can occur, so that the fire hazard is increased, and the life and property safety of personnel is more seriously threatened. In fact, the fire caused by the cable always occupies a considerable proportion of the total number of fire occurrences in China and even developed countries in Europe and America, and is one of the major safety problems which cannot be avoided in the fire research.

The cable density in the underground space for cable operation is high, the operation and maintenance are difficult, and the underground space is narrow. And the insulating material of the cable is an inflammable product, once the cable is ignited, the fire spread speed is high, the fire is fierce, and simultaneously, a large amount of toxic gases such as smoke, hydrogen chloride, CO and the like can be released, so that the rescue work becomes very difficult. Therefore, the accident case of a serious economic loss due to a cable fire is not uncommon.

However, the study of domestic and foreign scholars on cable fires in underground spaces starts late, the functions carried by the underground cable channels are simple as early as the development, the people know and understand the cable channels in an ideal state, the potential risks in the power transmission process of the cable channels are not thoroughly considered, and the urban underground cable channels have great potential safety hazards. In the fire-fighting research field, the building fire-fighting technology is generally researched more. But the research on the electric fire generated by the power cable in the closed underground space is still a blank. Under various working conditions, the research on the fire spreading mechanism, how to effectively protect the underground cable channel and how to realize the active fire extinguishing early warning is relatively less.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the background technology, the application provides a cable burning fire simulation system and method for a full-size underground space, and aims to solve the problems that the cable fire in the existing underground space is high in research difficulty and insufficient in cable fire research.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a cable combustion fire simulation system of a full-size underground space comprises a channel main body steel frame structure, and an L-shaped cable channel structure, a smoke exhaust system, a fire extinguishing system, a combustion system, a monitoring system, a smoke pipe testing system, an analysis control system, a calibration and calibration system and a combustion waste gas treatment system which are sequentially connected;

the L-shaped cable channel structure is fixed on the channel main body steel frame structure.

As a further improvement, the L-shaped cable channel structure comprises a fireproof heat-insulating layer, a cable passing cavity formed by being surrounded by the fireproof heat-insulating layer, an explosion-proof glass observation window arranged on the fireproof heat-insulating layer, a bidirectional cable support fixed on the fireproof heat-insulating layer at intervals and located at the end part of the cable passing cavity, and a drainage groove arranged on the fireproof heat-insulating layer located on the lower layer.

As a further improvement, the smoke tube testing system comprises a laser smoke density testing system, a temperature field testing system and a calorimetric system.

As a further improvement, the laser smoke density testing system comprises a smoke tube for receiving smoke generated by cable combustion, a smoke density light path transmitting end and a smoke density light path receiving end, wherein the smoke density light path transmitting end and the smoke density light path receiving end are fixed on the outer side of the smoke tube.

As a further improvement, the emission end of the smoke density optical path adopts a laser light source to emit light signals, and the receiving end of the smoke density optical path adopts a photoelectric sensor to receive the light signals, so that non-contact smoke density measurement is realized.

As a further improvement, the temperature field testing system consists of an Omgea K-type thermocouple and a galvanic couple bracket, and high-precision temperature field measurement is realized.

As a further improvement, the calorimetric system comprises a sampling probe and a differential pressure probe which are fixed outside the smoke pipe; and the smoke pipe is also provided with an anemometry system.

A cable combustion fire simulation method for a full-size underground space comprises the following steps:

step 1, burning a cable in an L-shaped cable channel in a mode; the main structure of the channel is provided with a fireproof heat insulation system, the thickness of the heat insulation layer is 300mm, and the fireproof requirement of resisting 20min at 1000 ℃ is met; the L-shaped cable channel is simultaneously provided with a bidirectional cable bracket, an explosion-proof glass observation window and a drainage groove;

step 2, after the cable is burnt, smoke and fire circulate to the smoke exhaust system in the L-shaped cable channel; meanwhile, the air supply and smoke exhaust of the smoke exhaust system are composed of a centrifugal fan, a variable frequency controller and an air quantity sensor, so that real-time adjustment, accurate air blowing and rapid smoke exhaust are realized;

step 3, starting a fire extinguishing system after the cable burns for 1-5 minutes; the fire extinguishing system adopts a water spray protection system and a fire hydrant, and the water spray fire extinguishing protection system is arranged in the channel; setting water spraying parameters as 2m spacing, spraying intensity as 13L/min/m2, water supply duration as 0.4h, spraying angle of water mist spray head as 120 degrees, and setting flow coefficient as spraying of K33.7 or K42.8; the design of a drainage ditch of the cable channel main body is combined, so that the rapid fire extinguishing is realized;

step 4, burning the cable in a burning system, and shooting the development condition of flame in real time by a monitoring system; the monitoring system shoots visible light and infrared video and transmits the visible light and the infrared video to the platform through the transmission line so as to observe the flame development and spread conditions;

step 5, the smoke spreads to a smoke tube testing system, and the smoke tube testing system realizes high-precision HRR, THR and FIGRA measurement;

HRR is the heat release rate, THR is the total heat release, FIGRA is the burn rate increase index.

Step 6, transmitting calorimetric data, video data and temperature field data to an analysis control system in real time, and completing data acquisition and control functions by the analysis control system;

and 7, after the data are transmitted to the analysis control system, the calibration and calibration system carries out secondary processing on the acquired data and recalibrates the data so as to achieve the purpose of enabling the data to be more accurate.

And 8, finally, the generated waste gas reaches a cable combustion waste gas treatment system, and the waste gas treatment system eliminates smoke and eliminates smoke, so that the aim of smoke-free emission is fulfilled.

As a further improvement, the L-shaped cable channel is a main body part of a full-size simulation analysis laboratory, is made of a steel structure, and is formed by combining equal-ratio size models of L-shaped channels consisting of 2m transverse channels and 4m 2m 1m longitudinal channels and is used for tunnel combustion condition simulation.

As a further improvement, the smoke exhaust pipeline of the smoke exhaust system adopts a double-layer tunnel structure and is made of 18m by 1.5m stainless steel.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention provides a cable burning fire simulation system and method for a full-size underground space, which can simulate the scene of cable burning fire of the underground space, and can conveniently research the cable fire of the underground space and the cable fire, thereby aiming at various working conditions, researching the fire spreading mechanism, effectively protecting an underground cable channel, actively extinguishing fire and early warning, eliminating potential safety hazards and reducing economic loss caused by the cable fire.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a cable combustion fire simulation system implementation in a full-scale underground space;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a full-scale underground cable tunnel according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a full-scale underground cable tunnel according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the cable channel body of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a smoke tube testing system of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a flow diagram of a combustion exhaust gas treatment system of the present invention.

In the drawings: 100L type cable channel, 200 smoke discharging system, 300 fire extinguishing system, 400 combustion system, 500 monitoring system, 600 tobacco pipe test system, 700 analysis control system, 800 calibration system, 900 combustion waste gas treatment system, 1 fireproof heat insulation layer, 2 explosion-proof glass observation window, 3 two-way cable support, 4 drainage ditch, 5 wind measuring system, 6 smoke density light path receiving end, 7 smoke density light path transmitting end, 8 sampling probe, 9 differential pressure probe, 10 tobacco pipe.

Detailed Description

In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth, such as particular system structures, techniques, etc. in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present application. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present application may be practiced in other embodiments that depart from these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the present application with unnecessary detail.

It will be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification and the appended claims, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.

It is also to be understood that the terminology used in the description of the present application herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used in the specification of the present application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

It should be further understood that the term "and/or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

As used in this specification and the appended claims, the term "if" may be interpreted contextually as "when", "upon" or "in response to a determination" or "in response to a detection". Similarly, the phrase "if it is determined" or "if a [ described condition or event ] is detected" may be interpreted contextually to mean "upon determining" or "in response to determining" or "upon detecting [ described condition or event ]" or "in response to detecting [ described condition or event ]".

In order to explain the technical solution described in the present application, the following description will be given by way of specific examples.

As shown in fig. 1-6, a cable combustion fire simulation system for a full-scale underground space comprises a channel main body steel frame structure, and an L-shaped cable channel structure 100, a smoke exhaust system 200, a fire extinguishing system 300, a combustion system 400, a monitoring system 500, a smoke tube testing system 600, an analysis control system 700, a calibration system 800 and a combustion waste gas treatment system 900 which are sequentially connected in sequence;

the L-shaped cable channel structure 100 is fixed on a channel main body steel frame structure;

l type cable channel structure 100 includes fire prevention insulating layer 1, passes through the chamber by the cable that fire prevention insulating layer 1 surrounded formation, sets up explosion-proof glass observation window 2 on fire prevention insulating layer 1, the interval is fixed on fire prevention insulating layer 1 and is located the two-way cable support 3 of cable through chamber tip and sets up drainage ditch 4 on the fire prevention insulating layer 1 that is located the lower floor.

The smoke tube testing system 600 includes a laser smoke density testing system, a temperature field testing system, and a calorimetric system.

The laser smoke density testing system comprises a smoke tube 10 for receiving smoke generated by cable combustion, a smoke density light path transmitting end 7 and a smoke density light path receiving end 6, wherein the smoke density light path transmitting end 7 and the smoke density light path receiving end are fixed on the outer side of the smoke tube 10.

The smoke density light path transmitting end 7 adopts a laser light source to transmit light signals, and the smoke density light path receiving end 6 adopts a photoelectric sensor to receive the light signals, so that non-contact smoke density measurement is realized.

The temperature field testing system consists of an Omgea K-type thermocouple and a thermocouple support, and high-precision temperature field measurement is realized.

The calorimetric system comprises a sampling probe 8 and a differential pressure probe 9 which are fixed outside the smoke pipe 10; the smoke pipe is also provided with an anemometry system 5.

A cable combustion fire simulation method for a full-size underground space comprises the following steps:

step 1, the cable is burned in a mode in an L-shaped cable channel 100; the main structure of the channel is provided with a fireproof heat insulation system, the thickness of the heat insulation layer is 300mm, and the fireproof requirement of resisting 20min at 1000 ℃ is met; the L-shaped cable channel is simultaneously provided with a bidirectional cable bracket, an explosion-proof glass observation window and a drainage groove;

step 2, after the cable is burnt, smoke and fire circulate to the smoke exhaust system 200 in the L-shaped cable channel 100; meanwhile, the air supply and smoke exhaust of the smoke exhaust system 200 consists of a centrifugal fan, a variable frequency controller and an air quantity sensor, so that real-time adjustment, accurate air blowing and quick smoke exhaust are realized;

step 3, after the cable burns for 1-5 minutes, the fire extinguishing system 300 is started; the fire extinguishing system 300 adopts a water spray protection system and a fire hydrant, and the water spray fire extinguishing protection system is arranged in the channel; setting water spraying parameters as 2m spacing, spraying intensity as 13L/min/m2, water supply duration as 0.4h, spraying angle of water mist spray head as 120 degrees, and setting flow coefficient as spraying of K33.7 or K42.8; the design of a drainage ditch of the cable channel main body is combined, so that the rapid fire extinguishing is realized;

step 4, the cable is burned in the combustion system 400, and the monitoring system 500 shoots the development condition of flame in real time; the monitoring system 500 shoots visible light and infrared video and transmits the visible light and the infrared video to the platform through a transmission line, so that the flame development and spread conditions are observed;

step 5, the smoke spreads to the smoke tube testing system 600, and the smoke tube testing system realizes high-precision HRR, THR and FIGRA measurement;

HRR is the heat release rate, THR is the total heat release, FIGRA is the burn rate increase index.

Step 6, transmitting calorimetric data, video data and temperature field data to the analysis control system 700 in real time, and completing data acquisition and control functions by the analysis control system;

and 7, after the data are transmitted to the analysis control system, the calibration and calibration system 800 carries out secondary processing on the acquired data and recalibrates the data so as to achieve the purpose of enabling the data to be more accurate.

And 8, finally enabling the generated waste gas to reach a cable combustion waste gas treatment system 900, and eliminating smoke of the waste gas treatment system to achieve the purpose of smoke-free emission.

The L-shaped cable channel 100 is a main body part of a full-size simulation analysis laboratory, is made of a steel structure, and is formed by combining equal-ratio size models of L-shaped channels consisting of 2m transverse channels and 4m 2m 1m longitudinal channels and used for tunnel combustion condition simulation.

The smoke exhaust pipe of the smoke exhaust system 200 adopts a double-layer tunnel structure and is made of 18m by 1.5m stainless steel.

The following description will be given with reference to specific examples.