阅读说明：本技术 一种复合式湿地蒸散发实时监测系统 (Combined type wetland evapotranspiration real-time monitoring system ) 是由 包永志 刘廷玺 段利民 童新 于 2021-08-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种复合式湿地蒸散发实时监测系统,包括有分离式监测模块与水下原位监测模块,通过分离式监测模块建立多筒补偿式蒸散发分离监测模型,分离式蒸散发测筒实现多种植物的蒸散发量测以及结果校正,水下原位监测模块监测湿地获取实时水位信息,将多筒补偿式蒸散发分离监测模型与实时水位信息存储至蒸散发分析模块,蒸散发分析模块包括有控制终端,控制终端通过物联网连接分离式监测模块与水下原位监测模块,蒸散发分析模块对接收的蒸散发数据采集模块采集的实时数据进行处理,并存储到蒸散发数据库中相应数据表。本发明布置压力传感器并建立蒸散发数据采集模块通过控制终端实时获取压力传感器量测的水位信息并进行物联网传输。(The invention discloses a combined type wetland evapotranspiration real-time monitoring system, which comprises a separated monitoring module and an underwater in-situ monitoring module, wherein a multi-cylinder compensation type evapotranspiration separated monitoring model is established through the separated monitoring module, the separated evapotranspiration measuring cylinder realizes the evapotranspiration measurement and result correction of various plants, the underwater in-situ monitoring module monitors a wetland to acquire real-time water level information, the multi-cylinder compensation type evapotranspiration separated monitoring model and the real-time water level information are stored to an evapotranspiration analysis module, the evapotranspiration analysis module comprises a control terminal, the control terminal is connected with the separated monitoring module and the underwater in-situ monitoring module through the Internet of things, and the evapotranspiration analysis module processes received real-time data acquired by an evapotranspiration data acquisition module and stores the received real-time data into a corresponding data table in an evapotranspiration database. According to the invention, the pressure sensor is arranged, the evapotranspiration data acquisition module is established, and the water level information measured by the pressure sensor is acquired in real time through the control terminal and is transmitted through the Internet of things.)

1. The utility model provides a combined type wetland evapotranspiration real-time monitoring system which characterized in that includes:

the evapotranspiration data acquisition module (1) comprises a separated monitoring module (1-1) and an underwater in-situ monitoring module (1-2), a multi-cylinder compensation type evapotranspiration separation monitoring model is established through the separated monitoring module (1-1), the underwater in-situ monitoring module (1-2) monitors a wetland to acquire real-time water level information, and the multi-cylinder compensation type evapotranspiration separation monitoring model and the real-time water level information are stored in the evapotranspiration analysis module (2);

the evapotranspiration analysis module (2) comprises a control terminal (2-1), the control terminal (2-1) is connected with the separated monitoring module (1-1) and the underwater in-situ monitoring module (1-2) through the Internet of things, and the control terminal (2-1) performs verification, filtering and conversion processing on received real-time data collected by the separated monitoring module (1-1) and the underwater in-situ monitoring module (1-2) and stores the data into a corresponding data table in the evapotranspiration database (3).

2. The combined type wetland evapotranspiration real-time monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the underwater in-situ monitoring module (1-2) comprises an evapotranspiration measuring cylinder (1-2-1), a pressure sensor is installed in the evapotranspiration measuring cylinder (1-2-1), the control terminal (2-1) acquires water level information measured by the pressure sensor in real time, and the underwater in-situ monitoring module (1-2) transmits the water level information to the control terminal (2-1) through the Internet of things and stores the water level information in the evapotranspiration database (3).

3. The combined wetland evapotranspiration real-time monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the separated monitoring module (1-1) is formed by combining a plurality of separated measuring cylinders, pressure sensors are arranged in the separated measuring cylinders, and the separated measuring cylinders are divided into three types: different kinds of native plants are arranged in the A-type separation type measuring cylinder (1-1-1); the different kinds of native plants are plant species in the wetland; the inside of the B-type separation type measuring cylinder (1-1-2) is provided with the treated plants; the C-type separating measuring cylinder (1-1-3) is internally provided with a processed plant, and a cylinder cover is arranged on the cylinder body.

4. The combined wetland evapotranspiration real-time monitoring system according to claim 2, wherein the evapotranspiration data acquisition module (1) is electrically connected with a solar module (4), the solar module (4) comprises a solar panel (4-1), the solar panel (4-1) is electrically connected with a storage battery (4-2), and the storage battery (4-2) is electrically connected with the separate monitoring module (1-1) and the underwater in-situ monitoring module (1-2) to supply power to the separate monitoring module (1-1).

5. The combined wetland evapotranspiration real-time monitoring system according to claim 2, wherein the evapotranspiration analysis module (2) further comprises a data management module (2-2), the data management module (2-2) calls water level information in the evapotranspiration database (3) and sends the water level information to the control terminal (2-1), and the control terminal (2-1) respectively performs numerical analysis and curve analysis on historical water level information of each measuring cylinder measured by a pressure sensor of the evapotranspiration measuring cylinder (1-2-1) and supports manual compensation on evapotranspiration data content; and the control terminal (2-1) respectively performs numerical analysis and curve analysis on the evaporation capacity of the aquatic plants in the separated measuring cylinder, the water surface evaporation capacity and the historical information of the vertical flux of the soil in the wetland environment.

6. The combined type wetland evapotranspiration real-time monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the control terminal (2-1) is connected with a display screen (2-3) and a printer (2-4), the display screen (2-3) displays data results obtained by analysis of the control terminal (2-1), and the printer (2-4) prints a wetland evapotranspiration detection result report formed by analysis of the data results.

7. The system for monitoring the evapotranspiration of the composite wetland in real time as claimed in claim 2, wherein the body (1-2-1) of the evapotranspiration measuring cylinder is of a three-piece structure, the three cylinder walls (1-2-1-1) are connected in a nested manner by large and small sleeves, and the gaps between the large and small sleeves are sealed by waterproof materials.

8. The system for monitoring the evapotranspiration of the combined wetland in real time as claimed in claim 7, wherein the cylinder wall (1-2-1-1) is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, the water outlet is arranged below the water inlet, the cylinder wall (1-2-1-1) is hinged with a water outlet baffle (1-2-1-2), the water outlet baffle (1-2-1-2) covers the water outlet, the water outlet baffle (1-2-1-2) is connected with the first floating ball (1-2-1-5) through the first chain (1-2-1-4), the water inlet baffle (1-2-1-3) covers the water inlet, and the water inlet baffle (1-2-1-3) is connected with the second floating ball (1-2-1-2) through the second chain (1-2-1-6) -7), the length of the second chain (1-2-1-6) is longer than that of the first chain (1-2-1-4), the water outlet baffles (1-2-1-2) are opened inwards, and the water inlet baffles (1-2-1-3) are opened outwards.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental monitoring, and relates to a wetland evapotranspiration real-time monitoring system.

Background

The wetland is used as an ecological system with the most rich biodiversity and the highest ecological service function in the nature, has huge environmental functions and economic benefits, and has the irreplaceable functions of other systems in the aspects of conserving water sources, purifying water quality, regulating and storing flood, degrading pollutants, protecting biodiversity, regulating climate, providing available resources and other important ecological functions. However, due to the one-sided and long-term destructive activities of human beings, which have been known for their wetland effectiveness, the wetland area is reduced, the biodiversity is reduced, and the function is reduced, which restricts the development of human socioeconomic. The research on the utility of the wetland and the research on the wetland protection strategy become a research focus, and is a key problem which is concerned by related subjects such as hydrology, meteorology, agriculture, forestry and soil.

The monitoring of the wetland ecosystem is an important way for acquiring the wetland ecosystem and environmental information, and the result is an important basis for making scientific prediction and reasonable protective measures on the change of the ecosystem. At present, wetland ecosystem monitoring is mainly aimed at water quality monitoring, hydrology monitoring, wetland plant monitoring, wetland wild animal monitoring, wetland soil monitoring, community monitoring, foreign species monitoring and the like, and is almost a blank for monitoring and investigating wetland water area evapotranspiration and a water circulation process, and a set of wetland evapotranspiration monitoring system is lacked.

The combined type wetland evapotranspiration real-time monitoring system is designed according to the scheme, and a separated type monitoring module and an underwater in-situ monitoring module are installed, a pressure sensor is arranged, an evapotranspiration data acquisition module is established, and water level information measured by the pressure sensor is acquired in real time through a control terminal.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a combined type wetland evapotranspiration real-time monitoring system, which adopts a multi-cylinder compensation type evapotranspiration separation monitoring model to carry out underwater in-situ monitoring and separation type combined monitoring on wetland evapotranspiration, and provides reliable data support for wetland evapotranspiration research.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the compound wetland evapotranspiration real-time monitoring system comprises:

the evapotranspiration data acquisition module comprises a separated monitoring module and an underwater in-situ monitoring module, a multi-cylinder compensation type evapotranspiration separation monitoring model is established through the separated monitoring module, the underwater in-situ monitoring module monitors the wetland to acquire real-time water level information, and the multi-cylinder compensation type evapotranspiration separation monitoring model and the real-time water level information are stored to the evapotranspiration analysis module;

the evapotranspiration analysis module comprises a control terminal, wherein the control terminal is connected with the separated monitoring module and the underwater in-situ monitoring module through the Internet of things, and the control terminal checks, filters and converts received real-time data acquired by the separated monitoring module and the underwater in-situ monitoring module and stores the data into a corresponding data table in an evapotranspiration database.

The invention is also characterized in that:

the underwater in-situ monitoring module comprises a evapotranspiration measuring cylinder, a pressure sensor is installed in the evapotranspiration measuring cylinder, the control terminal acquires water level information measured by the pressure sensor in real time, and the underwater in-situ monitoring module carries out internet of things on the water level information and sends the water level information to the control terminal to be stored in an evapotranspiration database.

The separating type monitoring module is composed of a plurality of separating type measuring cylinders, pressure sensors are arranged in the separating type measuring cylinders, and the separating type measuring cylinders are divided into three types: the number of the A-type separated measuring cylinders is increased according to the actual situation, and different kinds of native plants are arranged in the A-type separated measuring cylinders; the different kinds of native plants are plant species in the wetland; the inside of the B-type separated measuring cylinder is provided with a processed plant; the C-type separating measuring cylinder is internally provided with a processed plant and is provided with a cylinder cover.

Evapotranspiration data acquisition module electric connection has solar module, and solar module is including solar panel, and solar panel electric connection has the battery, and battery electric connection disconnect-type monitoring module and normal position monitoring module under water are its power supply.

The evapotranspiration analysis module also comprises a data management module, the data management module calls water level information in an evapotranspiration database and sends the water level information to the control terminal, and the control terminal respectively performs numerical analysis and curve analysis on historical water level information of each measuring cylinder measured by a pressure sensor of the evapotranspiration measuring cylinder and supports manual compensation on evapotranspiration data content; and the control terminal respectively performs numerical analysis and curve analysis on the evapotranspiration amount of the aquatic plants in the separated measuring cylinder, the water surface evaporation amount and the historical information of the vertical flux of the soil in the wetland environment.

The control terminal is connected with a display screen and a printer, the display screen displays data results obtained by analysis of the control terminal, and the printer prints a wetland evapotranspiration detection result report formed by analysis of the data results.

The barrel body of the evapotranspiration measuring barrel is of a three-piece structure, the three barrel walls are connected in a nested manner through large and small sleeves, and gaps between the large and small sleeves are sealed through waterproof materials. The structure of the separated measuring cylinder is the same as that of the evapotranspiration measuring cylinder.

The section of thick bamboo wall is opened there are inlet opening and apopore, and the apopore setting has a apopore baffle in the inlet opening below, and the section of thick bamboo wall articulates there is the apopore baffle, and the apopore baffle covers the apopore, and the first floater is connected through first chain to the apopore baffle, and the inlet opening baffle covers the inlet opening, and the inlet opening passes through the second chain and connects the second floater, and the length of second chain is good at first chain.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention discloses a combined wetland evapotranspiration real-time monitoring system, which is characterized in that a separate monitoring module and an underwater in-situ monitoring module are installed, a pressure sensor is arranged, an evapotranspiration data acquisition module is established, water level information measured by the pressure sensor is acquired in real time through a control terminal, and transmission of the Internet of things is carried out.

2. According to the combined type wetland evapotranspiration real-time monitoring system, the underwater in-situ monitoring module is combined with the multi-cylinder compensation type evapotranspiration separation monitoring model of the separation type monitoring module to carry out underwater in-situ monitoring and separation type combined monitoring on the evapotranspiration of the wetland, so that reliable data support is provided for the research on the evapotranspiration of the wetland.

3. According to the combined type wetland evapotranspiration real-time monitoring system, due to the design of the floating ball arranged on the evapotranspiration measuring cylinder, the problem that data acquisition is inaccurate due to the fact that a large height difference is generated between the internal water level and the external water level of the evapotranspiration measuring cylinder is solved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic connection diagram of a combined wetland evapotranspiration real-time monitoring system according to the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a combined wetland evapotranspiration real-time monitoring system of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a top view of a evapotranspiration measuring cylinder of the combined wetland evapotranspiration real-time monitoring system of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the evapotranspiration measuring cylinder structure of the combined wetland evapotranspiration real-time monitoring system of the invention;

in the figure, 1, a evapotranspiration data acquisition module, 2, an evapotranspiration analysis module, 3, an evapotranspiration database, 4, a solar module, 1-1, a separated monitoring module, 1-2, an underwater in-situ monitoring module, 2-1, a control terminal, 2-2, a data management module, 2-3, a display screen, 2-4, a printer, 1-2-1, an evapotranspiration measuring cylinder, 1-1-1, a type A separated measuring cylinder, 1-1-2, a type B separated measuring cylinder, 1-1-3, a type C separated measuring cylinder, 4-1, a solar panel, 4-2, a storage battery, 1-2-1-1, a cylinder wall, 1-2-1-2, a water outlet baffle, a first chain, 1-2-1-4, 1-2-1-5, a first floating ball, 1-2-1-3, a water inlet baffle, 1-2-1-6, a second chain, 1-2-1-7, and a second floating ball.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The invention relates to a combined type wetland evapotranspiration real-time monitoring system, which comprises an evapotranspiration data acquisition module 1, wherein the evapotranspiration data acquisition module 1 comprises a separated monitoring module 1-1 and an underwater in-situ monitoring module 1-2, a multi-cylinder compensation type evapotranspiration separation monitoring model is established through the separated monitoring module 1-1, the separated evapotranspiration measuring cylinder 1-1 realizes the evapotranspiration measurement and result correction of various plants, the underwater in-situ monitoring module 1-2 monitors a wetland to obtain real-time water level information, and the multi-cylinder compensation type evapotranspiration separation monitoring model and the real-time water level information are stored to an evapotranspiration analysis module 2;

the evapotranspiration analysis module 2 comprises a control terminal 2-1, the control terminal 2-1 is connected with the separated monitoring module 1-1 and the underwater in-situ monitoring module 1-2 through the Internet of things, and the control terminal 2-1 carries out verification, filtering and conversion processing on received real-time data acquired by the separated monitoring module 1-1 and the underwater in-situ monitoring module 1-2 and stores the data into a corresponding data table in the evapotranspiration database 3.

As shown in fig. 2, the underwater in-situ monitoring module 1-2 includes a evapotranspiration measuring cylinder 1-2-1, a pressure sensor is installed in the evapotranspiration measuring cylinder 1-2-1, the control terminal 2-1 acquires water level information measured by the pressure sensor in real time, and the underwater in-situ monitoring module 1-2 performs internet of things on the water level information and sends the water level information to the control terminal 2-1 to be stored in the evapotranspiration database 3.

The separated monitoring module 1-1 is composed of a plurality of separated measuring cylinders, pressure sensors are arranged in the separated measuring cylinders, and the separated measuring cylinders are divided into three types: the number of the A-type separated measuring cylinders 1-1-1 is increased according to the actual situation, and different kinds of native plants are arranged in the A-type separated measuring cylinders 1-1-1; the different kinds of native plants are plant species in the wetland; the inside of the B-type separated measuring cylinder 1-1-2 is provided with the treated plants; the C-type separated measuring cylinder 1-1-3 is internally provided with treated plants, and a cylinder cover is arranged on the C-type separated measuring cylinder 1-1-3 in consideration of rainfall influence.

The evapotranspiration data acquisition module 1 is electrically connected with a solar module 4, the solar module 4 comprises a solar panel 4-1, the solar panel 4-1 is electrically connected with a storage battery 4-2, and the storage battery 4-2 is electrically connected with the separated monitoring module 1-1 and the underwater in-situ monitoring module 1-2 to supply power for the separated monitoring module 1-1 and the underwater in-situ monitoring module.

The evapotranspiration analysis module 2 also comprises a data management module 2-2, the data management module 2-2 calls water level information in the evapotranspiration database 3 and sends the water level information to the control terminal 2-1, the control terminal 2-1 respectively performs numerical analysis and curve analysis on historical water level information of each measuring cylinder measured by a pressure sensor of the evapotranspiration measuring cylinder 1-2-1, and manual compensation is supported to be performed on evapotranspiration data content; and the control terminal 2-1 respectively performs numerical analysis and curve analysis on the evaporation capacity of the aquatic plants in the separated measuring cylinder, the water surface evaporation capacity and the historical information of the vertical flux of the soil in the wetland environment.

The control terminal 2-1 is connected with a display screen 2-3 and a printer 2-4, the display screen 2-3 displays a data result obtained by analysis of the control terminal 2-1, and the printer 2-4 prints a wetland evapotranspiration detection result report formed by analysis of the data result.

As shown in figure 3, the evaporation emission measuring cylinder 1-2-1 is of a three-piece structure, the three cylinder walls 1-2-1-1 are connected in a nested manner through large and small sleeves, and gaps between the large and small sleeves are sealed through waterproof materials. The structure of the separated measuring cylinder is the same as that of the evapotranspiration measuring cylinder.

As shown in figure 4, the cylinder wall 1-2-1-1 is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, the water outlet is arranged below the water inlet, the cylinder wall 1-2-1-1 is hinged with a water outlet baffle 1-2-1-2, the water outlet baffle 1-2-1-2 covers the water outlet, the water outlet baffle 1-2-1-2 is connected with a first floating ball 1-2-1-5 through a first chain 1-2-1-4, the water inlet baffle 1-2-1-3 covers the water inlet, the water inlet baffle 1-2-1-3 is connected with a second floating ball 1-2-1-7 through a second chain 1-2-1-6, and the length of the second chain 1-2-1-6 is longer than that of the first chain 1-2-1-4. The water outlet baffle 1-2-1-2 is opened inwards, and the water inlet baffle 1-2-1-3 is opened outwards. When rainstorm weather occurs, a great height difference is generated between the water levels inside and outside the evapotranspiration measuring cylinder 1-2-1, at the moment, if the water level inside the evapotranspiration measuring cylinder is higher than the water level outside the evapotranspiration measuring cylinder, the second floating ball 1-2-1-7 floats up along with the rise of the water level, the first chain 1-2-1-4 is straightened, the water outlet baffle 1-2-1-2 is pulled up, the water outlet is opened, and water in the evapotranspiration measuring cylinder flows into the wetland; the working principle of the water inlet hole is the same.

The invention discloses a combined type wetland evapotranspiration real-time monitoring system, which has the working principle as follows:

the control terminal 2-1 can drive each module to automatically complete tasks such as water level initial value setting, sampling, dormancy and the like. In the water level initial value setting process, the control terminal 2-1 continuously interacts with the evapotranspiration data acquisition module 1 to monitor water level changes, and the water level state of each separated measuring cylinder is consistent with the water level of the free water body. In the sampling process, the control terminal 2-1 acquires water level information subjected to median filtering and amplitude limiting filtering pretreatment through a Modbus protocol, and compares and analyzes underwater in-situ data according to a compensation relation, so that the separate combined monitoring of the plurality of control terminals 2-1 is realized.

The invention discloses a combined type wetland evapotranspiration real-time monitoring system, which has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, a separate monitoring module and an underwater in-situ monitoring module are installed, a pressure sensor is arranged, a evapotranspiration data acquisition module is established, water level information measured by the pressure sensor is acquired in real time through a control terminal, and transmission of the Internet of things is carried out; the underwater in-situ monitoring module is combined with the multi-cylinder compensation type evapotranspiration separation monitoring model of the separation type monitoring module to carry out underwater in-situ monitoring and separation type combined monitoring on wetland evapotranspiration, and reliable data support is provided for wetland evapotranspiration research.