阅读说明：本技术 一种3×3 Butler矩阵 (3X 3Butler matrix ) 是由 吕士禄 何建华 李泓霖 赵伟 于 2019-09-06 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种3×3 Butler矩阵,包括第一Lange耦合器、第二Lange耦合器、第三Lange耦合器以及若干个短路枝节；本发明通过多个Lange耦合器及微带线的级联,可以实现三波束天线矩阵中稳定的120°相差,其所使用微带线的实现方式,成本低,且有很好的稳定性,便于批量焊接,易于与射频线缆连接组成整机。不仅如此,由于本发明创新性地采用Lange电桥代替分支线耦合器的方案,还具有尺寸小,超宽频带,高隔离度的特点,适应了基站天线小型化、宽频化的发展趋势,具有很高的应用前景和使用价值。(The invention provides a 3 x 3Butler matrix, which comprises a first Lange coupler, a second Lange coupler, a third Lange coupler and a plurality of short-circuit branches; the invention can realize stable 120-degree phase difference in the three-beam antenna matrix by cascading a plurality of Lange couplers and microstrip lines, and the realization mode of the used microstrip line has low cost, good stability, convenient batch welding and easy connection with a radio frequency cable to form a complete machine. Moreover, the invention adopts the Lange bridge to replace the branch line coupler, has the characteristics of small size, ultra-wide band and high isolation, adapts to the development trend of miniaturization and broadband of the base station antenna, and has very high application prospect and use value.)

1. A3 x 3Butler matrix comprises a first Lange coupler (1), a second Lange coupler (2), a third Lange coupler (3) and a plurality of short-circuit branches (4); wherein, every Lange coupler all has two inputs and two outputs, is first input, second input, first output and second output respectively, its characterized in that: the 3 x 3Butler matrix is also provided with three input ports and three output ports which are respectively a first input port, a second input port, a third input port, a first output port, a second output port and a third output port;

a first input end and a second input end of the first Lange coupler (1) are respectively connected to a first input port and a second input port, a third input port is connected to a second input end of the second Lange coupler (2), a first input end of the second Lange coupler (2) is connected to a second output end of the first Lange coupler (1), a first output end of the first Lange coupler (1) is connected to a first input end of the third Lange coupler (3) after passing through a section of quarter-wavelength microstrip line (5), a second input end of the third Lange coupler (3) is connected to a first output end of the second Lange coupler (2), and a second output end of the second Lange coupler (2) is connected to a third output port after passing through a section of microstrip line (5); a first output end of the third Lange coupler (3) is connected to a first output port after passing through a section of microstrip line (5) provided with a plurality of short-circuit branches (4), and a second output end of the third Lange coupler (3) is connected to a second output port after passing through a section of microstrip line (5).

2. A 3 x 3Butler matrix according to claim 1 wherein: the short circuit branches (4) are all short circuit branches (4) with the length smaller than a quarter wavelength, and the short circuit branches (4) are used for providing a 90-degree phase difference with the microstrip line (5) with the same length.

3. A 3 x 3Butler matrix according to claim 1 wherein: the first input end and the first output end of the first to third Lange couplers are distributed on the same side, and the second input end and the second output end are distributed on the same side.

4. A 3 x 3Butler matrix according to claim 3 wherein: the first Lange coupler (1) and the third Lange coupler (3) are both 3dB couplers, and the second Lange coupler (2) is a 6dB coupler;

when any one of the input terminals of the first to third Lange couplers is fed, the transmission phase of the output terminal on the opposite side is delayed by 90 DEG from that of the output terminal on the same side.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of microwave passive devices, in particular to a 3X 3Butler matrix.

Background

The prior similar matrix board mainly has two realization modes, wherein one realization mode is a microstrip line, and a scheme of branch line coupler cascade is adopted, the main disadvantage of the scheme is that a single-section branch line coupler can only realize 20% of bandwidth, if the bandwidth of more than 50% is realized, a mode of multi-section branch line coupler cascade is needed, which undoubtedly greatly increases the area of the matrix board and brings great inconvenience to the overall layout of the antenna; in another implementation mode, the stripline adopts a scheme of cascading stripline couplers, which solves the problem that the microstrip line scheme has a too large area, can achieve a bandwidth of more than 50%, but is limited by the implementation form of the stripline, has the defects of high cost and difficulty in cascading welding with a common feed network, and thus the cross-modulation hidden trouble is easily generated in the whole machine and the maintenance is difficult.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art, the invention provides a 3 × 3Butler matrix which can achieve a bandwidth of more than 50% and is low in cost.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a3 x 3Butler matrix comprises a first Lange coupler, a second Lange coupler, a third Lange coupler and a plurality of short-circuit branches; each Lange coupler is provided with two input ends and two output ends, namely a first input end, a second input end, a first output end and a second output end;

the 3 x 3Butler matrix is also provided with three input ports and three output ports which are respectively a first input port, a second input port, a third input port, a first output port, a second output port and a third output port;

a first input end and a second input end of the first Lange coupler are respectively connected to a first input port and a second input port, a third input port is connected to a second input end of the second Lange coupler, a first input end of the second Lange coupler is connected to a second output end of the first Lange coupler, a first output end of the first Lange coupler is connected to a first input end of the third Lange coupler after passing through a section of quarter-wavelength microstrip line, a second input end of the third Lange coupler is connected to a first output end of the second Lange coupler, and a second output end of the second Lange coupler is connected to a third output port after passing through a section of microstrip line; the first output end of the third Lange coupler is connected to the first output port through a section of microstrip line provided with a plurality of short-circuit branches, and the second output end of the third Lange coupler is connected to the second output port through a section of microstrip line.

Furthermore, the short-circuit branches are short-circuit branches with the length smaller than a quarter wavelength, and the short-circuit branches are used for providing a 90-degree phase difference with the microstrip line with the same length.

Furthermore, the first input end and the first output end of the first to third Lange couplers are distributed on the same side, and the second input end and the second output end are distributed on the same side.

Furthermore, the first Lange coupler and the third Lange coupler are both 3dB couplers, and the second Lange coupler is a 6dB coupler;

when any one of the input terminals of the first to third Lange couplers is fed, the transmission phase of the output terminal on the opposite side is delayed by 90 DEG from that of the output terminal on the same side.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the 3X 3Butler matrix provided by the invention adopts a microstrip line implementation mode, has low cost and good stability, is convenient for batch welding, and is easy to be connected with a radio frequency cable to form a whole machine. Moreover, the invention adopts the Lange bridge to replace the branch line coupler, has the characteristics of small size, ultra-wide band and high isolation, adapts to the development trend of miniaturization and broadband of the base station antenna, and has very high application prospect and use value.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

the labels in the figure are: 1. the first Lange coupler, the second Lange coupler, the third Lange coupler, the short-circuit branch, the third Lange coupler, the fourth Lange coupler, the fifth Lange coupler, the sixth Lange coupler, the fifth Lange coupler, the sixth Lange coupler.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

A3 x 3Butler matrix comprises a first Lange coupler 1, a second Lange coupler 2, a third Lange coupler 3 and a plurality of short-circuit branches 4; each Lange coupler is provided with two input ends and two output ends, namely a first input end, a second input end, a first output end and a second output end;

the 3 x 3Butler matrix is also provided with three input ports and three output ports which are respectively a first input port, a second input port, a third input port, a first output port, a second output port and a third output port;

a first input end and a second input end of the first Lange coupler 1 are respectively connected to a first input port and a second input port, a third input port is connected to a second input end of the second Lange coupler 2, a first input end of the second Lange coupler 2 is connected to a second output end of the first Lange coupler 1, a first output end of the first Lange coupler 1 is connected to a first input end of a third Lange coupler 3 after passing through a section of quarter-wavelength microstrip line 5, a second input end of the third Lange coupler 3 is connected to a first output end of the second Lange coupler 2, and a second output end of the second Lange coupler 2 is connected to a third output port after passing through a section of microstrip line 5; a first output end of the third Lange coupler 3 is connected to the first output port through a section of microstrip line 5 provided with a plurality of short-circuit branches 4, and a second output end of the third Lange coupler 3 is connected to the second output port through a section of microstrip line 5.

Further optimizing the scheme, the short circuit branches 4 are all short circuit branches 4 with the length smaller than a quarter wavelength, and the short circuit branches 4 are used for providing a phase difference of 590 degrees with the microstrip line with the same length.

In a further optimized scheme, the first input end and the first output end of the first to third Lange couplers 3 are distributed on the same side, and the second input end and the second output end are distributed on the same side.

Further optimizing the scheme, the first Lange coupler 1 and the third Lange coupler 3 are both 3dB couplers, and the second Lange coupler 2 is a 6dB coupler;

when any of the first to third Lange couplers 3 is fed, the transmission phase of the output terminal on the opposite side is delayed by 90 ° from the transmission phase of the output terminal on the same side.

The invention is realized by cascading two groups of wide-band Lange bridges with the power ratio of 1:1 and one group of wide-band Lange bridges with the power ratio of 2:1 and synthesizing stable equal power division 120-degree phase difference by using 90-degree stable phase difference provided by the Lange bridges and 30-degree stable phase difference generated by the superposition of unequal power vectors.

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

as shown in fig. 1, the 3 × 3Butler matrix of the present invention has three input ports and three output ports, i.e., a first input port in1, a second input port in2, a third input port in3, a first output port out1, a second output port out2, and a third output port out 3; the invention consists of a first Lange coupler 1, a second Lange coupler 2, a third Lange coupler 3, a plurality of short-circuit branches 4 and a microstrip line 5. Where the first Lange coupler 1 and the third Lange coupler are each 3dB of coupling (i.e. 1:1 ratio of power through and coupling) and the second Lange coupler is 6dB of coupling (i.e. 2:1 ratio of power through and coupling).

The first input port in1 and the second input port in2 are respectively connected with a first input end and a second input end of the first Lange coupler 1, the third input port in3 and a second output end of the first Lange coupler 1 are respectively connected with two input ports of the second Lange coupler 2, and a first output end of the first Lange coupler 1 firstly passes through a section of quarter-wavelength microstrip line 5 and then is connected with a first output end of the second Lange coupler 2 and two input ends of the third Lange coupler respectively.

The second output of the second Lange coupler 2 is connected to a third output port out3 via a microstrip line 5, the second output of the third Lange coupler 3 is connected to a second output port out2 via a microstrip line 5, the first output of the third Lange coupler 3 is connected to the first output port out1 via a microstrip line 5 and using a plurality of short-circuit stubs 4 having a length smaller than 1/4, which short-circuit stubs provide a 90 ° phase difference from the microstrip line having the same length.

The invention adopts the implementation scheme of the microstrip line, the frequency band of the microstrip line is a matrix plate of 1427-2690MHz, and the amplitude phase of the microstrip line is calculated as follows:

if the first input port in1 is taken as the input port, the amplitude phase is 1/2 (90 °) at the node 1a, and the amplitude phase is 1/2 (0 °) at the node 1 b; the amplitude phase at the node 2a is 1/2 (90 degrees), the amplitude phase at the node 2b is 1/6 (90 degrees), and the amplitude phase at the node 2c is 1/3 (0 degrees); the amplitude phase at the node 3a is 1/3 (150 °), the amplitude phase at 3b is 1/3 (120 °), and the amplitude phase at 3c is 1/3 (0 °); the output ports out1, out2 and out3 have the amplitude and phase of 1/3 (240), 1/3 (120) and 1/3 (0) in sequence;

if the second input port in2 is taken as the input port, the amplitude phase is 1/2 (0 °) at the node 1a, and the amplitude phase is 1/2 (90 °) at the node 1 b; the amplitude phase at the node 2a is 1/2 (0 °), the amplitude phase at the node 2b is 1/6 (180 °), and the amplitude phase at the node 2c is 1/3 (90 °); the amplitude phase at the node 3a is 1/3 (120 degrees), the amplitude phase at the node 3b is 1/3 (-30 degrees), and the amplitude phase at the node 3c is 1/3 (90 degrees); the output ports out1, out2 and out3 have the amplitude phases of 1/3 (-150), 1/3 (-30) and 1/3 (90) in sequence.

If the third input port in3 is taken as the input port, the amplitude phase at node 2b is 2/3 (0 °), and the amplitude phase at node 2c is 1/3 (90 °); the amplitude phase at the node 3a is 1/3 (0 °), the amplitude phase at 3b is 1/3 (90 °), and the amplitude phase at 3c is 1/3 (90 °); the output ports out1, out2 and out3 have amplitudes 1/3 (90 °), 1/3 (90 °), and 1/3 (90 °), respectively.

The amplitude phase calculated above includes an amplitude, which is a power ratio with respect to the input port, and a phase, which is a relative phase.

Through the calculation, the three output ports of out1, out2 and out3 can realize stable +/-120-degree phase difference by using the in1 and in2 as input ports, the three output ports of out1, out2 and out3 can realize stable 0-degree phase difference by using the in3 as an input port, the three input ports have good standing waves and isolation, and the three output ports are all equal in power and have stable phase difference.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.