阅读说明：本技术 实现传感器校准的方法、装置、计算机存储介质及终端 (Method and device for realizing sensor calibration, computer storage medium and terminal ) 是由 孟萃 姜云升 于 2021-07-21 设计创作，主要内容包括：本文公开一种实现传感器校准的方法、装置、计算机存储介质及终端,包括：通过预设的电磁脉冲信号激励传感器,获得传感器的恢复信号；根据脉冲信号和恢复信号,分别进行传感器的幅度校准和上升沿校准；其中,恢复信号为对传感器在电磁脉冲信号激励下产生的信号进行预先设定的第一处理后获得的信号；传感器包括：瞬态电磁场传感器。本发明实施例将传感器校准拆分为幅度校准和上升沿校准,避免了频域校准的场强约束和频带约束,从时域上实现了传感器的校准。(Disclosed herein are a method, an apparatus, a computer storage medium and a terminal for implementing sensor calibration, including: exciting the sensor through a preset electromagnetic pulse signal to obtain a recovery signal of the sensor; respectively calibrating the amplitude and the rising edge of the sensor according to the pulse signal and the recovery signal; the recovery signal is a signal obtained after preset first processing is carried out on a signal generated by the sensor under the excitation of the electromagnetic pulse signal; the sensor includes: transient electromagnetic field sensors. According to the embodiment of the invention, the calibration of the sensor is divided into amplitude calibration and rising edge calibration, so that field intensity constraint and frequency band constraint of frequency domain calibration are avoided, and the calibration of the sensor is realized from the time domain.)

1. A method of implementing sensor calibration, comprising:

exciting the sensor through a preset electromagnetic pulse signal to obtain a recovery signal of the sensor;

respectively calibrating the amplitude and the rising edge of the sensor according to the pulse signal and the recovery signal;

the recovery signal is a signal obtained after preset first processing is carried out on a signal generated by the sensor under the excitation of the electromagnetic pulse signal; the sensor includes: transient electromagnetic field sensors.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic pulse signal comprises one or more first pulse signals, wherein the recovery signal comprises a first recovery signal, and wherein exciting the sensor with the predetermined electromagnetic pulse signal comprises:

respectively exciting the sensor by each first pulse signal to obtain more than one first recovery signals;

the sensors are arranged in a preset transverse electromagnetic wave (TEM) cell according to a preset distribution position; the amplitudes of the first pulse signals are different from each other, and the amplitude range of the composition of all the first pulse signals covers the dynamic amplitude range of the sensor; the electric field reception direction of the sensor coincides with the polarization direction of the TEM cell.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein prior to separately energizing each of the first pulse signals to the sensor, the method further comprises:

determining the size of the TEM cell according to the largest dimension of the sensor.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein the ratio of the largest dimension of said sensor to the distance between said TEM cell core and shell is less than or equal to 1/5.

5. The method of claim 2, wherein the preset distribution positions comprise:

and in the field uniform area of the calibration space of the TEM cell, the position with a preset distance from the center position of the calibration space.

6. The method of claim 2 or 3, wherein the performing amplitude calibration and rising edge calibration of the sensor, respectively, comprises:

performing amplitude calibration on the sensor according to first amplitude information of the first pulse signal and second amplitude information of the first recovery signal corresponding to the first pulse signal;

and calibrating the sensor according to the first rising edge information of the first pulse signal and the second rising edge information of the first recovery signal corresponding to the first pulse signal.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the amplitude calibrating the sensor comprises:

determining the first pulse signal and the first recovery signal corresponding to the first pulse signal as a set of amplitude calibration data, respectively;

and fitting all the groups of amplitude calibration data to obtain the coefficient of the amplitude calibration.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein said fitting all sets of said amplitude calibration data comprises:

respectively determining first amplitude information of a first pulse signal and second amplitude information of the first recovery signal in each set of amplitude calibration data as a first direction coordinate and a second direction coordinate of a corresponding coordinate point, and adding the first direction coordinate and the second direction coordinate into a preset coordinate system;

and fitting all coordinate points of the coordinate system, and determining the slope of a straight line obtained by fitting as a coefficient of the amplitude calibration.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein after determining the slope of the line obtained by the fitting process as a coefficient for the amplitude calibration, the method further comprises:

and according to preset first uncertainty information, carrying out error correction on the coefficient of the amplitude calibration.

10. The method of claim 6, wherein the performing a rising edge calibration of the sensor comprises:

determining, for all of the first pulse signals, a first waveform deviation between first rising edge information of the first pulse signal and second rising edge information of the first restored signal corresponding to the first pulse signal, respectively;

respectively judging whether the determined first waveform deviation is greater than a preset deviation value;

when more than one first waveform deviation is judged to be larger than a preset deviation value, determining a first recovery signal when the first waveform deviation is larger than the preset deviation value;

and selecting the slowest rising edge of the first recovery signal as the fastest rising edge of the sensor from the first recovery signals when the first waveform deviation is determined to be larger than the preset deviation value.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein when all of the waveform deviations are determined to be less than or equal to a predetermined deviation value, the method further comprises:

the rising edge calibration of the sensor is performed by a mirror single cone.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the calibration of the rising edge of the sensor by a specular single cone comprises:

generating a second pulse signal according to the estimated first fastest rising edge of the sensor;

exciting the mirror monocone TEM cell by the generated second pulse signal to obtain a second recovery signal of the sensor;

respectively carrying out normalization processing on the waveform of the second pulse signal and the waveform of the second recovery signal;

extracting third rising edge information of the second pulse signal and fourth rising edge information of the second recovery signal after normalization processing;

determining a second waveform deviation between the third rising edge information and the corresponding fourth rising edge information; wherein the corresponding fourth rising edge information is: the fourth rising edge information of the second restored signal obtained from the second pulse signal;

when the second waveform deviation is larger than a preset deviation value, determining the rising edge of the second recovery signal as the fastest rising edge of the sensor;

when the second waveform deviation is smaller than or equal to a preset deviation value, increasing a first preset step length on the first fastest rising edge, and then re-determining a second pulse signal updated by the rising edge until the second waveform deviation determined according to the second pulse signal updated by the rising edge is larger than the preset deviation value, and determining the rising edge of the second recovery signal when the second waveform deviation is larger than the preset deviation value as the fastest rising edge of the sensor;

the second recovery signal is a signal obtained by performing preset second processing on a signal generated by the sensor under the excitation of the second pulse signal.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the determining the rising edge of the second recovery signal is after a fastest rising edge of the sensor, the method further comprising:

after the rising edge of the first fastest rising edge is increased according to a second preset step length, more than one third pulse signal is determined;

exciting the mirror monocone TEM cell by each determined third pulse signal to obtain a third recovery signal of the sensor;

respectively carrying out normalization processing on the waveform of the third pulse signal and the waveform of the corresponding third recovery signal;

extracting fifth rising edge information of the third pulse signal and sixth rising edge information of the third recovery signal after each normalization processing;

determining a third waveform deviation between fifth rising edge information and corresponding sixth rising edge information for the third pulse signal after normalization processing;

selecting the slowest rising edge of the third recovery signal as the fastest rising edge of the sensor from the third recovery signals when the third waveform deviation is larger than the preset deviation value;

and the third recovery signal is a signal obtained by performing preset third processing on a signal generated by the sensor under the excitation of the third pulse signal.

14. The method of claim 11, wherein a ratio of a maximum dimension of the sensor to a distance between the specular single cone tip and the sensor is less than 1/17.

15. The method of claim 11, further comprising: determining the specular single cone according to the information of one or any combination of the following items:

impedance matching, time window, and size of the sensor.

16. The method of claim 11, wherein the polarization direction measured by the sensor is at an angle of less than 30 ° to the field strength of the first pulsed signal.

17. The method of claim 5, wherein after the leading edge calibration of the sensor, the method further comprises:

and according to preset second uncertainty information, carrying out error correction on the fastest rising edge of the sensor.

18. A computer storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out a method of carrying out a sensor calibration according to any one of claims 1 to 17.

19. A terminal, comprising: a memory and a processor, the memory having a computer program stored therein; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the processor is configured to execute the computer program in the memory;

the computer program, when executed by the processor, implements a method of implementing sensor calibration as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 17.

20. An apparatus for implementing sensor calibration, comprising: an excitation unit and a calibration unit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the excitation unit is configured to: exciting the sensor through a preset electromagnetic pulse signal to obtain a recovery signal of the sensor;

the calibration unit is configured to: respectively calibrating the amplitude and the rising edge of the sensor according to the pulse signal and the recovery signal;

the recovery signal is a signal obtained after preset first processing is carried out on a signal generated by the sensor under the excitation of the electromagnetic pulse signal; the sensor includes: transient electromagnetic field sensors.

Technical Field

This document relates to, but is not limited to, electromagnetic field sensor technology, and more particularly, to a method, apparatus, computer storage medium, and terminal for performing sensor calibration.

Background

The process of thunder and lightning, electrostatic discharge and the like can generate a transient strong electromagnetic field which becomes an interference source for generating electromagnetic interference on equipment. With the development of electronic technology and the improvement of automation degree, the influence caused by transient strong electromagnetic field environment is more and more not ignored. The accurate measurement of the transient strong electromagnetic environment has important significance in the aspects of environment monitoring, evaluation research, electromagnetic compatibility design and the like; the transient electromagnetic field sensor is a device for measuring a transient strong electromagnetic field.

Whether it is a magnetic field sensor or an electric field sensor, there is a definite quantitative relationship between the output voltage of the sensor and the incident field strength (electric field strength or magnetic induction); for sensors, this coefficient is referred to as the calibration coefficient. The process of strategic calibration of coefficients and determination of sensor characteristics, referred to as calibration of the sensor; regardless of the type of sensor, sensor calibration is necessary to ensure the accuracy of the measurement. The calibration method of the existing electromagnetic field sensor is mainly a frequency domain calibration method, the method uses a single-frequency point signal generated by a signal generator to carry out frequency sweep, an electromagnetic field which can be calculated is generated by a frequency sweep excitation electromagnetic field generating device, and the sensor calibration is carried out based on the electromagnetic field. In order to determine the dynamic amplitude range of the sensor, it is necessary to make the amplitude range of the electromagnetic field cover the dynamic amplitude range of the sensor in actual use during calibration; in addition, in order to cover the frequency range of the sensor, it is necessary to enable the frequency ranges of the electromagnetic field generating device and the signal source to cover the frequency range that needs to be calibrated.

For transient electromagnetic field sensors for measuring transient strong electromagnetic fields, they are generally used to measure time-domain monopulse signals (in frequency domain, the frequency range of interest is within the percentage bandwidth of the ultra-wideband of megahertz to several gigahertz); in terms of amplitude, it is of interest to have an electric field strength of not less than 100 volts/meter (V/m), up to 10⁵Electromagnetic field of dynamic amplitude range of V/m. For transient electromagnetic field sensors, the related art frequency domain calibration method has several disadvantages: firstly, the maximum field intensity of excitation of the existing continuous wave signal generator (even under the condition of connecting a power amplifier) can only reach the magnitude of 1 kilovolt/meter (kV/m) at most, so that the dynamic amplitude range of the transient electromagnetic field sensor can hardly be covered; secondly, in order to meet the calibration requirement of the ultra-wideband transient electromagnetic field sensor, the electromagnetic field generating device can only adopt a gigahertz transverse electromagnetic wave (GTEM) cell in frequency domain calibration; however, the presence of harmonics inside the GTEM cell usually requires a strict limitation of the frequency band range, which in turn reduces the available frequency bandwidth; and other electromagnetic field generating devicesFor example, a transverse electromagnetic wave (TEM) cell is difficult to adapt to the requirement of wideband calibration of the sensor due to its low upper limit frequency, and therefore a more complete time domain calibration method for the transient electromagnetic field sensor is needed.

Disclosure of Invention

The following is a summary of the subject matter described in detail herein. This summary is not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

Embodiments of the present invention provide a method, an apparatus, a computer storage medium, and a terminal for implementing sensor calibration, which can complete sensor calibration without being constrained by frequency domain calibration field strength and frequency band.

The embodiment of the invention provides a method for realizing sensor calibration, which comprises the following steps:

exciting the sensor through a preset electromagnetic pulse signal to obtain a recovery signal of the sensor;

respectively calibrating the amplitude and the rising edge of the sensor according to the pulse signal and the recovery signal;

the recovery signal is a signal obtained after preset first processing is carried out on a signal generated by the sensor under the excitation of the electromagnetic pulse signal; the sensor includes: transient electromagnetic field sensors.

On the other hand, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, and the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method for implementing sensor calibration.

In another aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a terminal, including: a memory and a processor, the memory having a computer program stored therein; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the processor is configured to execute the computer program in the memory;

the computer program, when executed by the processor, implements a method of implementing sensor calibration as described above.

In another aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus for implementing sensor calibration, including: an excitation unit and a calibration unit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the excitation unit is configured to: exciting the sensor through a preset electromagnetic pulse signal to obtain a recovery signal of the sensor;

the calibration unit is configured to: respectively calibrating the amplitude and the rising edge of the sensor according to the pulse signal and the recovery signal;

the recovery signal is a signal obtained after preset first processing is carried out on a signal generated by the sensor under the excitation of the electromagnetic pulse signal; the sensor includes: transient electromagnetic field sensors.

The technical scheme of the application includes: exciting the sensor through a preset electromagnetic pulse signal to obtain a recovery signal of the sensor; respectively calibrating the amplitude and the rising edge of the sensor according to the pulse signal and the recovery signal; the recovery signal is a signal obtained after preset first processing is carried out on a signal generated by the sensor under the excitation of the electromagnetic pulse signal; the sensor includes: transient electromagnetic field sensors. According to the embodiment of the invention, the calibration of the sensor is divided into amplitude calibration and rising edge calibration, so that field intensity constraint and frequency band constraint of frequency domain calibration are avoided, and the calibration of the sensor is realized from the time domain.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the example serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for implementing sensor calibration according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a device selected for amplitude calibration according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for amplitude calibration according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart illustrating amplitude calibration according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for rising edge calibration according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the angle between the polarization direction measured by the sensor and the polarization direction of the excitation field according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a method for implementing a rising edge calibration based on a mirror single cone according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a block diagram of an apparatus for implementing sensor calibration according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict.

The steps illustrated in the flow charts of the figures may be performed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions. Also, while a logical order is shown in the flow diagrams, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be performed in an order different than here.

Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for implementing sensor calibration according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, including:

step 101, exciting a sensor through a preset electromagnetic pulse signal to obtain a recovery signal of the sensor;

102, respectively calibrating the amplitude and the rising edge of the sensor according to the pulse signal and the recovery signal;

the recovery signal is a signal obtained after preset first processing is carried out on a signal generated by the sensor under the excitation of the electromagnetic pulse signal; the sensor includes: transient electromagnetic field sensors.

In an illustrative example, the first process of the embodiment of the present invention includes, but is not limited to, one or any combination of the following: integration, deconvolution and weighting operations.

The technical scheme of the application includes: exciting the sensor through a preset electromagnetic pulse signal to obtain a recovery signal of the sensor; respectively calibrating the amplitude and the rising edge of the sensor according to the pulse signal and the recovery signal; the recovery signal is a signal obtained after preset first processing is carried out on a signal generated by the sensor under the excitation of the electromagnetic pulse signal; the sensor includes: transient electromagnetic field sensors. According to the embodiment of the invention, the calibration of the sensor is divided into amplitude calibration and rising edge calibration, so that field intensity constraint and frequency band constraint of frequency domain calibration are avoided, and the calibration of the sensor is realized from the time domain.

In one illustrative example, the electromagnetic pulse signal of the present invention includes more than one first pulse signal, the recovery signal includes a first recovery signal, and the sensor is excited by the predetermined electromagnetic pulse signal, including:

respectively exciting the sensor through each first pulse signal to obtain more than one first recovery signal of the sensor;

the sensors are arranged in a preset transverse electromagnetic wave (TEM) cell according to a preset distribution position; the amplitudes of the first pulse signals are different from each other, and the amplitude range formed by all the first pulse signals covers the dynamic amplitude range of the sensor; the electric field reception direction of the sensor coincides with the polarization direction of the TEM cell.

In an exemplary embodiment, the amplitude value of the first pulse signal is greater than or equal to a first preset value (v/m) and less than or equal to the maximum measurable amplitude value of the sensor.

In an exemplary embodiment, before each of the first pulse signals is used to separately excite the sensor, the method of the embodiment of the present invention further includes:

the size of the TEM cell is determined from the largest dimension of the sensor.

The maximum dimension size of embodiments of the present invention is a definition well known to those skilled in the art and is described in the IEEE1309 standard.

In one illustrative example, the ratio of the largest dimension of a sensor of an embodiment of the present invention to the distance between the core and the shell of the TEM cell is less than or equal to 1/5.

According to the embodiment of the invention, the ratio of the maximum dimension of the sensor to the distance between the core plate and the shell of the TEM cell is limited below 1/5, so that the error of the amplitude calibration coefficient is less than 10%. For ease of presentation in the following description, embodiments of the present invention define the ratio of the largest dimension of the sensor to the distance between the core and the housing of the TEM cell as the first relative dimension.

Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a device for selecting amplitude calibration according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, including selection of a TEM cell and a pulse source for generating a first pulse signal, and after determining a sensor to be calibrated, measuring a maximum dimension of a probe of the sensor, where the selection process includes:

step 201, determining the size of the TEM cell according to the precision requirement of the calibrated amplitude value; according to the embodiment of the invention, the TEM cell meeting the requirements is selected, and the calibration error of the amplitude value is controlled within the required precision range;

step 202, selecting a TEM cell according to the determined size of the TEM cell;

step 203, determining a first pulse signal according to the selected maximum frequency of the TEM cell; according to the embodiment of the invention, after the size of the TEM cell is determined, the maximum frequency of the TEM cell is determined according to the common knowledge, and the first pulse signal can be determined according to the determined maximum frequency of the TEM cell; in one illustrative example, embodiments of the present invention select a first pulse signal having an upper frequency limit lower than the upper frequency limit transmittable by the TEM cell to ensure that the applied first pulse signal coincides with the first recovery signal as sensed by the sensor. The embodiment of the invention determines the pulse source and the TEM cell required by amplitude calibration through the processing.

And step 204, determining a pulse source for generating the first pulse signal according to the determined first pulse signal.

Table 1 shows a relationship between a first relative dimension of the sensor, which represents a ratio of a dimension of a largest dimension of the sensor to a distance between a core and a shell of the TEM cell, and an error limit, which may be included as a class B uncertainty in the uncertainty of the sensor amplitude calibration coefficient, in table 1.

TABLE 1

In an exemplary embodiment, the presetting of the distribution positions according to the embodiment of the present invention includes:

the TEM cell has a position within a field-uniform region of a calibration space at a predetermined distance from a center position of the calibration space.

It should be noted that the field uniformity region of the calibration space is defined in the relevant standard, and is not described herein.

In one illustrative example, an embodiment of the present invention separately performs amplitude calibration and rising edge calibration of a sensor, comprising:

performing amplitude calibration on the sensor according to first amplitude information of the first pulse signal and second amplitude information of a first recovery signal corresponding to the first pulse signal;

the sensor is calibrated for rising edges based on first rising edge information of the first pulse signal and second rising edge information of the first recovery signal corresponding to the first pulse signal.

In one illustrative example, an embodiment of the present invention performs amplitude calibration on a sensor, comprising:

determining the first pulse signal and a first recovery signal corresponding to the first pulse signal as a set of amplitude calibration data, respectively;

and fitting all the groups of amplitude calibration data to obtain the coefficient of amplitude calibration.

Fitting all sets of amplitude calibration data, including:

respectively determining first amplitude information of a first pulse signal and second amplitude information of a first recovery signal in each set of amplitude calibration data as a first direction coordinate and a second direction coordinate of a corresponding coordinate point, and adding the first direction coordinate and the second direction coordinate into a preset coordinate system;

and fitting all coordinate points of the coordinate system, and determining the slope of a straight line obtained by fitting as a coefficient for amplitude calibration.

In an exemplary embodiment, the first amplitude information of the set of amplitude calibration data is an abscissa of the coordinate point, and the second amplitude information is an ordinate of the coordinate point.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for performing amplitude calibration according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, including: the system comprises a TEM cell, a pulse source for generating electromagnetic pulse signals, a sampling oscilloscope and a data processing device; wherein, the pulse source is connected to one side port of the TEM cell as a feed source to excite an electromagnetic field; and the other side port of the TEM cell is connected with a sampling oscilloscope and used for recording a first recovery signal for exciting the sensor through the TEM cell. The sensor is placed in the center of the TEM cell calibration space, the electric field receiving direction of the sensor is consistent with the polarization direction, and a first recovery signal of the sensor is led out by a coaxial cable and connected to a sampling oscilloscope. The connection between each instrument is realized by adopting a coaxial cable with known property and good shielding effect so as to achieve impedance matching and avoid the interference of irrelevant electromagnetic fields. The port of the sampling oscilloscope needs to be set to be impedance matched with the connected cable to avoid the influence caused by signal reflection. The electromagnetic pulse signal and the first recovery signal derived from the sampling oscilloscope generally need to be stored and then are led into a data processing device (which may be a computer) for data processing, and under the condition that the sampling oscilloscope has enough data processing capacity, the functions of the data processing device can also be executed by the oscilloscope. The processing performed by the data processing apparatus includes: extracting first amplitude information of each first pulse signal and second amplitude information of a corresponding first recovery signal; after the excitation of more than one first pulse signal is finished, adding the first amplitude information of each first pulse signal and the second amplitude information of the corresponding first recovery signal into a preset coordinate system as a coordinate point; fitting processing is performed on all points added to the coordinate system, and the slope of the straight line obtained by the fitting processing is determined as a coefficient for amplitude calibration.

In an exemplary embodiment, the number of the first pulse signals according to the embodiment of the present invention may be set by a person skilled in the art according to an empirical value. The embodiments of the present invention reduce the uncertainty introduced by the signal generator through linear fitting.

In an exemplary embodiment, after determining the slope of the straight line obtained by the fitting process as the coefficient for amplitude calibration, the method of the embodiment of the present invention further includes:

and correcting the error of the coefficient of the amplitude calibration according to the preset first uncertainty information.

Table 2 is a schematic table of the first uncertainty information of the amplitude calibration according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in table 2, the first uncertainty information is equivalent to an overall consideration of all errors in the amplitude calibration process, and the value may be calculated with reference to the existing standard, including the error of the amplitude calibration coefficient caused by the amplitude calibration process and instrument selection; the first uncertainty source term may be added empirically by a technician depending on the particular application scenario.

TABLE 2

Fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of amplitude calibration according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4,

step 401, generating a first pulse signal with a preset amplitude successively by using a pulse generator;

step 402, respectively exciting the TEM cell by the generated first pulse signals to obtain first recovery signals of the sensor arranged in the TEM cell;

step 403, respectively recording each first pulse signal and a corresponding first recovery signal by using a single trigger mode of the sampling oscilloscope;

step 404, extracting first amplitude information of each first pulse signal and second amplitude information of a corresponding first recovery signal;

step 405, adding the first amplitude information of each first pulse signal and the corresponding second amplitude information of the first recovery signal as a coordinate point to a preset coordinate system;

and 406, fitting all coordinate points added to the coordinate system, and determining the slope of a straight line obtained through fitting as a coefficient for amplitude calibration.

In one illustrative example, an embodiment of the present invention performs a rising edge calibration of a sensor, comprising:

for all first pulse signals, a first waveform deviation between first rising edge information of the first pulse signals and second rising edge information of first recovery signals corresponding to the first pulse signals is determined, respectively

Respectively judging whether the determined first waveform deviation is greater than a preset deviation value;

when more than one first waveform deviation is judged to be larger than a preset deviation value, determining a first recovery signal when the first waveform deviation is larger than the preset deviation value;

and selecting the slowest rising edge of the first recovery signal as the fastest rising edge of the sensor from the first recovery signals when the deviation of the first waveform is determined to be larger than the preset deviation value.

In an exemplary embodiment, the predetermined deviation value of the present invention can be analytically determined by one skilled in the art, for example, 3 decibels (dB).

In an exemplary embodiment, when it is determined that all the waveform deviations are less than or equal to the preset deviation value, the method according to the embodiment of the present invention further includes:

the rising edge calibration of the sensor is performed by a mirror single cone.

When the embodiment of the invention adopts the mirror surface single cone to calibrate the rising edge, a proper mirror surface single cone needs to be selected; the selection of the mirror surface single cone mainly comprises the determination of the length of a cone generatrix and the cone angle; the cone angle is mainly related to the input impedance of the mirror surface single cone and needs to be determined by comprehensively considering the impedances of the pulse generator, the oscilloscope and the cone according to the related technology; the length of the cone bus is mainly related to the size of a time window of the generated electromagnetic pulse, when a slower time pulse needs to be selected, the length of the cone bus is longer, and when a faster time pulse needs to be selected, the length of the cone bus is shorter; the rising edge is fast, and the pulse with picosecond magnitude at the rising edge has no over-high requirement on the bus; in an illustrative example, embodiments of the invention employ a taper generatrix length of 1.2 meters (m), which can reach nanosecond time windows.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for rising edge calibration according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, a pulse generator for generating a first pulse signal is connected to a power divider; in the other two paths of the power divider outlet, one path is connected with the mirror surface single cone and the input port of the TEM cell and is used for exciting a pulse electromagnetic field (an excitation signal shown in the figure is fed in); the other path is connected to a digital oscilloscope to monitor the condition of the feed-in signal; the same components as the amplitude calibration in fig. 5 are not shown in the figure. The connection of each device is realized by adopting a coaxial cable with known properties so as to achieve impedance matching and shield the interference of the external electromagnetic environment, and the establishment of the electromagnetic field generating system is completed. According to the embodiment of the invention, the sensor is placed at the set position according to whether the size of the time window at the measuring point of the sensor meets the factors of signal width, limited size of the sensor and the like.

In one illustrative example, an embodiment of the present invention performs leading edge calibration of a sensor with a specular single cone, comprising:

generating a second pulse signal according to the estimated first fastest rising edge of the sensor;

exciting the mirror surface single-cone TEM cell through the generated second pulse signal to obtain a second recovery signal of the sensor;

respectively carrying out normalization processing on the waveform of the second pulse signal and the waveform of the second recovery signal;

extracting third rising edge information of the second pulse signal and fourth rising edge information of the second recovery signal after normalization processing;

determining a second waveform deviation between the third rising edge information and the corresponding fourth rising edge information; wherein, the corresponding fourth rising edge information is: fourth rising edge information of the second restored signal obtained from the second pulse signal;

when the second waveform deviation is larger than a preset deviation value, determining the rising edge of the second recovery signal as the fastest rising edge of the sensor;

when the second waveform deviation is smaller than or equal to a preset deviation value, increasing a first preset step length on the first fastest rising edge, and then re-determining the second pulse signal updated by the rising edge until the second waveform deviation determined according to the second pulse signal updated by the rising edge is larger than the preset deviation value, and determining the rising edge of the second recovery signal when the second waveform deviation is larger than the preset deviation value as the fastest rising edge of the sensor;

the second recovery signal is a signal obtained by performing preset second processing on a signal generated by the sensor under the excitation of the second pulse signal.

In an illustrative example, the second processing of the embodiment of the present invention includes, but is not limited to, one or any combination of the following: integration, deconvolution and weighting operations.

In an exemplary embodiment, after determining the rising edge of the second recovery signal as the fastest rising edge of the sensor, the method of the embodiment of the present invention further includes:

after the rising edge of the first fastest rising edge is increased according to a second preset step length, more than one third pulse signal is determined; respectively exciting the mirror surface single-cone TEM cell through each determined third pulse signal to obtain a third recovery signal of the sensor;

respectively carrying out normalization processing on the waveform of the third pulse signal and the waveform of the corresponding third recovery signal;

extracting fifth rising edge information of the third pulse signal and sixth rising edge information of the third recovery signal after each normalization processing;

determining a third waveform deviation between fifth rising edge information and corresponding sixth rising edge information for the third pulse signal after normalization processing; wherein, the corresponding sixth rising edge information is: sixth rising edge information of the third restored signal obtained from the third pulse signal;

selecting the slowest rising edge of the third recovery signal as the fastest rising edge of the sensor from the third recovery signals when the third waveform deviation is larger than the preset deviation value;

the third recovery signal is a signal obtained by performing preset third processing on a signal generated by the sensor under the excitation of the third pulse signal.

In an illustrative example, the third process of the embodiment of the present invention includes, but is not limited to, one or any combination of the following: integration, deconvolution and weighting operations.

According to the embodiment of the invention, under the condition that the rising edge of the pulse generator shakes and the response of the mirror surface single cone is controllable, a more accurate fastest rising edge is determined in a traversing mode by gradually increasing the second preset step length.

In an illustrative example, the ratio of the largest dimension of the sensor in an embodiment of the invention to the distance between the specular single cone tip and the sensor is less than 1/17.

For ease of description of the embodiments, the ratio of the maximum dimension of the sensor to the distance between the specular single cone tip and the sensor is subsequently defined as the second relative dimension.

Table 3 is a schematic table of a relationship between a relative size of the sensor and an error limit value according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in table 3, the relative size of the sensor represents a ratio of a size of a maximum dimension of the sensor to a distance between a mirror surface single cone tip and the sensor, and the error limit value may be included as a class B uncertainty in an uncertainty of a sensor amplitude calibration coefficient; in an illustrative example, embodiments of the invention may control the relative size of the sensors below 1/17 to ensure that the rising edge error is less than 10%.

TABLE 3

In an illustrative example, a method of an embodiment of the present invention further includes: determining the mirror surface single cone according to the information of one or any combination of the following items:

impedance matching, time window, and size of the sensor.

In an exemplary embodiment, the sensor measures a polarization direction that is less than 30 ° from the field strength of the first pulsed signal.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an angle between the polarization direction measured by the sensor and the polarization direction of the excitation field according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 6, unlike the requirement of amplitude calibration, since the calibration of the rising edge does not require the accuracy of the incident amplitude, the polarization direction measured by the sensor does not need to be exactly the same as the field intensity direction at the location; in an exemplary embodiment, the angle between the polarization direction measured by the sensor of the present invention and the local field strength may be less than 30 °. The limitation is removed, so that the requirement on the sensor arrangement angle theta is weakened, the work flow and the precision requirement are simplified, and the realizability is enhanced.

In an exemplary embodiment, after performing the rising edge calibration, the method according to the embodiment of the present invention further includes:

and according to preset second uncertainty information, carrying out error correction on the fastest rising edge of the sensor.

Table 4 is a source indication table of the second uncertainty information in the embodiment of the present invention, and a basic value given by evaluating with reference to the table entries in the uncertainty evaluation may be used in the uncertainty evaluation; uncertainty source entries may be added by those skilled in the art based on the verification.

TABLE 4

Fig. 7 is a flowchart of implementing a rising edge calibration based on a mirror surface single cone according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 7, including:

701, estimating and obtaining a first fastest rising edge of a sensor;

step 702, generating a second pulse signal according to the estimated first fastest rising edge;

step 703, exciting the mirror surface single-cone TEM cell by the generated second pulse signal to obtain a second recovery signal of the sensor;

step 704, recording the waveform of the second pulse signal and the waveform of the obtained second recovery signal by using a single trigger mode of the sampling oscilloscope;

step 705, normalizing the waveform of the second pulse signal and the waveform of the second recovery signal;

step 706, extracting third rising edge information of the normalized second pulse signal and fourth rising edge information of the second recovery signal;

step 707, determining a second waveform deviation between the third rising edge information and the corresponding fourth rising edge information for the normalized second pulse signal; wherein, the corresponding fourth rising edge information is: fourth rising edge information of the second restored signal obtained from the second pulse signal;

step 708, when the second waveform deviation is greater than a preset deviation value, determining a rising edge of the second recovery signal as a fastest rising edge of the sensor;

and 709, when the second waveform deviation is smaller than or equal to a preset deviation value, increasing the first preset step length on the first fastest rising edge every time, re-determining the second pulse signal updated by the rising edge until the second waveform deviation determined according to the second pulse signal updated by the rising edge exceeds the preset deviation value, and determining the rising edge of the second recovery signal when the second waveform deviation exceeds the preset deviation value as the fastest rising edge of the sensor.

In the embodiment of the invention, the purpose of the rising edge calibration is to acquire the fastest time leading edge which can be measured by the sensor, namely the shortest time for the waveform which can be responded by the sensor to change, and the shortest time corresponds to the upper limit frequency on the frequency domain. The rising edge calibration of the embodiment of the invention comprises two stages: the first phase is a rising edge calibration of the lower frequency, which is done simultaneously with the amplitude calibration and the experimental setup is unchanged. When the waveform deviation between the first recovery signal and the first pulse signal exceeds a preset deviation value (for example, 3dB), taking the slowest rising edge in the first recovery signal as the fastest rising edge of the sensor; and when the waveform deviation between the first recovery signal and the first pulse signal of the sensor is less than or equal to a preset deviation value, the rising edge calibration is carried out by adopting a mirror surface single cone.

Compared with the related art, the embodiment of the invention effectively improves the amplitude of the electromagnetic field for calibration to the range of hundreds of volts per meter to ten thousand volts per meter measured by sensor calibration by adopting a time domain pulse mode and with lower power, and saves the measurement time. In addition, the calibration of the sensor is divided into amplitude calibration and rising edge calibration, so that the calibration of the sensor is perfected, and the basic characteristics of the sensor are better described. Aiming at the calibration of the two parts, the embodiment of the invention breaks through the traditional thought of calibrating all the characteristics by only using one electromagnetic field generating device through different calibrating devices of the two parts, and provides a scheme of using TEM-mirror surface single cone combined calibration on the basis of considering the unilateral optimal performance of the electromagnetic field generating device. The embodiment of the invention adopts the characteristics that the field intensity of the TEM cell can be calculated and is uniformly distributed, and the electromagnetic field generating device is used for calibrating the amplitude of the sensor, but the device is not used for calibrating the frequency bandwidth of the sensor, so that the bandwidth limitation caused by the size of the device is avoided. The invention adopts the mirror surface single cone to calibrate the rising edge of the sensor, fully utilizes the characteristics of flat frequency response and high upper limit frequency of the device and ensures the coverage of a high-frequency section; but the mirror surface single cone is not used for amplitude calibration, high-precision work such as sensor position alignment and the like is avoided to the greatest extent, the calibration flow and the position confirmation precision are simplified, and the practicability and operability in engineering are improved.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a computer storage medium, wherein a computer program is stored in the computer storage medium, and when being executed by a processor, the computer program realizes the method for realizing the sensor calibration.

An embodiment of the present invention further provides a terminal, including: a memory and a processor, the memory having stored therein a computer program; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the processor is configured to execute the computer program in the memory;

the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements a method of implementing sensor calibration as described above.

Fig. 8 is a block diagram of an apparatus for implementing sensor calibration according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 8, including: an excitation unit and a calibration unit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the excitation unit is configured to: exciting the sensor through a preset electromagnetic pulse signal to obtain a recovery signal of the sensor;

the calibration unit is configured to: respectively calibrating the amplitude and the rising edge of the sensor according to the pulse signal and the recovery signal;

the recovery signal is a signal generated by the sensor under the excitation of the electromagnetic pulse signal; the sensor includes: transient electromagnetic field sensors.

The technical scheme of the application includes: exciting the sensor through a preset electromagnetic pulse signal to obtain a recovery signal of the sensor; respectively calibrating the amplitude and the rising edge of the sensor according to the pulse signal and the recovery signal; the recovery signal is a signal obtained after preset first processing is carried out on a signal generated by the sensor under the excitation of the electromagnetic pulse signal; the sensor includes: transient electromagnetic field sensors. According to the embodiment of the invention, the calibration of the sensor is divided into amplitude calibration and rising edge calibration, so that field intensity constraint and frequency band constraint of frequency domain calibration are avoided, and the calibration of the sensor is realized from the time domain.

In an exemplary embodiment, the electromagnetic pulse signal of the present invention includes more than one first pulse signal, the recovery signal includes a first recovery signal, and the excitation unit is configured to:

respectively exciting the sensor through each first pulse signal to obtain more than one first recovery signal of the sensor;

the sensors are arranged in a preset transverse electromagnetic wave (TEM) cell according to a preset distribution position; the amplitudes of the first pulse signals are different from each other, and the amplitude range formed by all the first pulse signals covers the dynamic amplitude range of the sensor; the electric field reception direction of the sensor coincides with the polarization direction of the TEM cell. The recovery signal is a signal obtained by performing a preset first process on a signal generated by the sensor under excitation of the electromagnetic pulse signal.

In an exemplary embodiment, the apparatus of the present invention further includes a size determining unit configured to:

the size of the TEM cell is determined from the largest dimension of the sensor.

In one illustrative example, the ratio of the largest dimension of a sensor of an embodiment of the present invention to the distance between the core and the shell of the TEM cell is less than or equal to 1/5. In an exemplary embodiment, the presetting of the distribution positions according to the embodiment of the present invention includes:

the TEM cell has a position within a field-uniform region of a calibration space at a predetermined distance from a center position of the calibration space.

In one illustrative example, a calibration unit in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention includes: the device comprises an amplitude calibration module and a rising edge calibration module; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the amplitude calibration module is configured to: performing amplitude calibration on the sensor according to first amplitude information of the first pulse signal and second amplitude information of a first recovery signal corresponding to the first pulse signal;

the sensor is calibrated for rising edges based on first rising edge information of the first pulse signal and second rising edge information of the first recovery signal corresponding to the first pulse signal.

In one illustrative example, an amplitude calibration module in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention is configured to:

determining the first pulse signal and a first recovery signal corresponding to the first pulse signal as a set of amplitude calibration data, respectively;

and fitting all the groups of amplitude calibration data to obtain the coefficient of amplitude calibration.

In an exemplary embodiment, the amplitude calibration module of the embodiment of the present invention is configured to perform fitting processing on all sets of amplitude calibration data, and the fitting processing includes:

respectively determining first amplitude information of a first pulse signal and second amplitude information of a first recovery signal in each set of amplitude calibration data as a first direction coordinate and a second direction coordinate of a corresponding coordinate point, and adding the first direction coordinate and the second direction coordinate into a preset coordinate system;

and fitting all coordinate points of the coordinate system, and determining the slope of a straight line obtained by fitting as a coefficient for amplitude calibration.

In an exemplary embodiment, the amplitude calibration module of the present invention is further configured to:

and correcting the error of the coefficient of the amplitude calibration according to the preset first uncertainty information.

In an illustrative example, the leading edge calibration module of an embodiment of the present invention is configured to:

for all first pulse signals, a first waveform deviation between first rising edge information of the first pulse signals and second rising edge information of first recovery signals corresponding to the first pulse signals is determined, respectively

Respectively judging whether the determined first waveform deviation is greater than a preset deviation value;

when more than one first waveform deviation is judged to be larger than a preset deviation value, determining a first recovery signal when the first waveform deviation is larger than the preset deviation value;

and selecting the slowest rising edge of the first recovery signal as the fastest rising edge of the sensor from the first recovery signals when the deviation of the first waveform is determined to be larger than the preset deviation value.

In an exemplary embodiment, the rising edge calibration module of the present invention is further configured to:

the rising edge calibration of the sensor is performed by a mirror single cone.

In one illustrative example, a rising edge calibration module of an embodiment of the present invention is configured to perform rising edge calibration of a sensor with a mirror single cone, comprising:

generating a second pulse signal according to the estimated first fastest rising edge of the sensor;

exciting the mirror surface single-cone TEM cell through the generated second pulse signal to obtain a second recovery signal of the sensor; the second recovery signal is a signal obtained by performing preset second processing on a signal generated by the sensor under the excitation of the second pulse signal.

Respectively carrying out normalization processing on the waveform of the second pulse signal and the waveform of the second recovery signal;

extracting third rising edge information of the second pulse signal and fourth rising edge information of the second recovery signal after normalization processing;

determining a second waveform deviation between the third rising edge information and the corresponding fourth rising edge information; wherein, the corresponding fourth rising edge information is: fourth rising edge information of the second restored signal obtained from the second pulse signal;

when the second waveform deviation is larger than a preset deviation value, determining the rising edge of the second recovery signal as the fastest rising edge of the sensor;

and when the second waveform deviation is smaller than or equal to a preset deviation value, increasing the first fastest rising edge by a first preset step length, and then re-determining the second pulse signal updated by the rising edge until the second waveform deviation determined according to the second pulse signal updated by the rising edge is larger than the preset deviation value, and determining the rising edge of the second recovery signal when the second waveform deviation is larger than the preset deviation value as the fastest rising edge of the sensor.

In an exemplary embodiment, the rising edge calibration module of the present invention is further configured to:

after the rising edge of the first fastest rising edge is increased according to a second preset step length, more than one third pulse signal is determined; respectively exciting the mirror surface single-cone TEM cell through each determined third pulse signal to obtain a third recovery signal of the sensor;

respectively carrying out normalization processing on the waveform of the third pulse signal and the waveform of the corresponding third recovery signal;

extracting fifth rising edge information of the third pulse signal and sixth rising edge information of the third recovery signal after each normalization processing;

determining a third waveform deviation between fifth rising edge information and corresponding sixth rising edge information for the third pulse signal after normalization processing; wherein, the corresponding sixth rising edge information is: sixth rising edge information of the third restored signal obtained from the third pulse signal;

selecting the slowest rising edge of the third recovery signal as the fastest rising edge of the sensor from the third recovery signals when the third waveform deviation is larger than the preset deviation value;

the third recovery signal is a signal obtained by performing preset third processing on a signal generated by the sensor under the excitation of the third pulse signal.

In an illustrative example, the ratio of the largest dimension of the sensor in an embodiment of the invention to the distance between the specular single cone tip and the sensor is less than 1/17.

In an exemplary embodiment, the size determining unit of the embodiment of the present invention is further configured to:

determining the mirror surface single cone according to the information of one or any combination of the following items: impedance matching, time window, and size of the sensor.

In an exemplary embodiment, the sensor in the embodiment of the present invention measures the polarization direction at an angle of less than 30 ° to the field strength of the first pulse signal.

In an exemplary embodiment, the rising edge calibration module of the present invention is further configured to:

and according to preset second uncertainty information, carrying out error correction on the fastest rising edge of the sensor.

"one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or some of the steps of the methods, systems, functional modules/units in the devices disclosed above may be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, and suitable combinations thereof. In a hardware implementation, the division between functional modules/units mentioned in the above description does not necessarily correspond to the division of physical components; for example, one physical component may have multiple functions, or one function or step may be performed by several physical components in cooperation. Some or all of the components may be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a digital signal processor or microprocessor, or as hardware, or as an integrated circuit, such as an application specific integrated circuit. Such software may be distributed on computer readable media, which may include computer storage media (or non-transitory media) and communication media (or transitory media). The term computer storage media includes volatile and nonvolatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data, as is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Computer storage media includes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, Digital Versatile Disks (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium which can be used to store the desired information and which can accessed by a computer. In addition, communication media typically embodies computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism and includes any information delivery media as known to those skilled in the art. ".