阅读说明：本技术 一种快速启动耐盐厌氧氨氧化的装置及其方法 (Device and method for rapidly starting salt-tolerant anaerobic ammonia oxidation ) 是由 吴春勇 陆慧锋 王毅超 于 2019-10-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种快速启动耐盐厌氧氨氧化的装置及其方法。它包括吸附区、厌氧氨氧化区和分离区；吸附区内部装填两层吸附填料,底部设有进水口,每层填料中分别设置排料管和进料管；吸附区上端与厌氧氨氧化区底部之间设有一横隔板；厌氧氨氧化区内部填充高效厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥,其中设有进泥管和排泥管；分离区侧壁上设有连通出水管的溢流槽,出水管一路通过回流管与进水管在管道混合器中混合,另一路出水排出。分离区中央设有三相分离器,上部设有集气连接管和排气管；装置前置一储水箱,安装有电导率监测仪。本发明通过接种厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥,可加速反应器的启动,并结合前置吸附区除盐工艺,保证高盐环境下厌氧氨氧化反应器的稳定运行。(The invention discloses a device and a method for rapidly starting salt-tolerant anaerobic ammonia oxidation. It comprises an adsorption area, an anaerobic ammonia oxidation area and a separation area; two layers of adsorption fillers are filled in the adsorption area, a water inlet is formed in the bottom of the adsorption area, and a discharge pipe and a feed pipe are respectively arranged in each layer of fillers; a transverse partition plate is arranged between the upper end of the adsorption zone and the bottom of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation zone; efficient anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge is filled in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation zone, and a sludge inlet pipe and a sludge discharge pipe are arranged in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation zone; the side wall of the separation area is provided with an overflow groove communicated with a water outlet pipe, one path of the water outlet pipe is mixed with a water inlet pipe in a pipeline mixer through a return pipe, and the other path of the water outlet pipe is discharged. The center of the separation area is provided with a three-phase separator, and the upper part is provided with a gas collection connecting pipe and an exhaust pipe; the device is provided with a water storage tank in front and a conductivity monitor. The anaerobic ammonium oxidation granular sludge is inoculated, so that the starting of the reactor can be accelerated, and the stable operation of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation reactor in a high-salt environment is ensured by combining a desalting process of a preposed adsorption area.)

1. The utility model provides a device of salt-tolerant anammox of quick start which characterized in that: the interior of the integrated reactor shell is sequentially divided into an adsorption zone (I), an anaerobic ammonia oxidation zone (II) and a separation zone (III) from bottom to top; the adsorption area (I) is in a combination shape of an inverted cone and a cylinder, an inner cavity of the adsorption area (I) is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer by a diaphragm plate (5), a cation adsorption filler (22) is filled in the inner cavity of the lower layer, a lower layer filler feeding pipe (23) and a lower layer filler discharging pipe (24) are respectively arranged above and below the cation adsorption filler (22), an anion adsorption filler (15) is filled in the inner cavity of the upper layer, and an upper layer filler feeding pipe (14) and an upper layer filler discharging pipe (16) are respectively arranged above and below the anion adsorption filler (15); a water inlet (17) is arranged at the bottom of the adsorption area (I); a transverse partition plate (5) is also arranged between the upper end of the adsorption zone (I) and the bottom of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation zone (II); each diaphragm plate (5) is provided with a plurality of overflowing holes (21), an upper flow pipe (25) with the top higher than the upper surface of the diaphragm plate (5) is installed in each overflowing hole (21), a conical cover (26) is arranged right above each upper flow pipe (25), and the conical cover (26), the upper flow pipe (25) and the upper surface of the diaphragm plate (5) are suspended to form a channel for water to flow out;

anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge (12) is filled in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation zone (II); a sludge inlet pipe (11) is arranged at the top of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation zone (II), and a sludge discharge pipe (13) is arranged at the bottom of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation zone (II); an overflow groove (8) is arranged at the upper part of the inner side wall of the separation area (III), and a water collecting cavity of the overflow groove (8) is connected with one end of a water outlet pipe (7); the center of the separation area (III) is provided with an inverted Y-shaped three-phase separator (10), and the upper part of the separation area (III) is provided with an exhaust pipe (9); the device is provided with a water storage tank (1) arranged in front, a conductivity detector (2) is installed in the water storage tank (1), the water storage tank (1) is connected with one inlet of a pipeline mixer (18) through a waste water pipe (19) with a waste water metering pump (20), the other end of a water outlet pipe (7) is divided into two paths, one path of water outlet is discharged, the other path of water outlet is connected with the other inlet of the pipeline mixer (18) through a return pipe (4) with a return water metering pump (3), the outlet of the pipeline mixer (18) is connected with a water inlet (17) and is used for enabling waste water to be fully mixed with return water and then enter a device from the bottom end of an adsorption area (I).

2. The device for rapidly starting the salt-tolerant anammox according to claim 1, wherein: the height ratio of the adsorption zone (I) to the anaerobic ammonia oxidation zone (II) at the upper part is 1: (1-1.5), the volume of the cation adsorption filler (22) filled in the lower-layer inner cavity of the adsorption area (I) accounts for 3/4 of the total volume of the lower-layer inner cavity, the volume of the anion adsorption filler (15) filled in the upper-layer inner cavity of the adsorption area (I) accounts for 3/4 of the total volume of the upper-layer inner cavity, and the volume of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge (12) filled in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation area (II) accounts for 1/4 of the total volume of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation area (II).

3. The device for rapidly starting the salt-tolerant anammox according to claim 1, wherein: the cation adsorption filler (22) is bentonite, and the anion adsorption filler (15) is hydrotalcite.

4. The device for rapidly starting the salt-tolerant anammox according to claim 1, wherein: the diaphragm (5) on the hole diameter of overflowing hole (21) be 2 ~ 3mm, the clearance of toper cover (26) and diaphragm (5) upper surface also is 2 ~ 3mm for guarantee rivers prevent that top solid particle from passing diaphragm (5) from top to bottom against the current when supreme passing diaphragm (5) from top to bottom.

5. The device for rapidly starting the salt-tolerant anammox according to claim 1, wherein: the anaerobic ammonia oxidation zone (II) is provided with three sampling ports (6) on the side wall at equal intervals for water quality analysis in the denitrification reactor.

6. The device for rapidly starting the salt-tolerant anammox according to claim 1, wherein: the three-phase separator (10) is an inverted Y cylindrical three-phase separator combination, and collected nitrogen is discharged through an exhaust pipe (9) at the top.

7. The device for rapidly starting the salt-tolerant anammox according to claim 1, wherein: the height of the part of the three-phase separator (10) exposed out of the liquid level is 1/3-1/6 of the total height.

8. The device for rapidly starting the salt-tolerant anammox according to claim 1, wherein: the automatic conductivity detector is also provided with an automatic control assembly, and the automatic control assembly comprises the conductivity detector (2), a programmable PLC (programmable logic controller) and a liquid flow regulator assembly; the conductivity detector (2) is connected with a programmable PLC controller through data signals; the liquid flow regulator assembly comprises the wastewater metering pump (20) and the reflux metering pump (3); the liquid flow regulator is connected with a programmable PLC controller through data signals; the programmable PLC controller is also respectively in control connection with a wastewater inlet valve arranged on the wastewater pipe (19) and a return water inlet valve arranged on the return pipe (4); the automatic control assembly further comprises a wireless transceiver connected with the programmable PLC, the wireless transceiver is in communication connection with a cloud server through a wireless network, and the cloud server is connected with a remote monitoring center or an intelligent mobile terminal through the wireless network.

9. The method for treating the nitrogen-containing and salt-containing industrial wastewater by using the quick-start salt-tolerant anaerobic ammonium oxidation device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is characterized by comprising the following steps:

fully mixing salt-containing and nitrogen-containing wastewater (19) to be treated with effluent backflow water (4) in a pipeline mixer (18), diluting raw water by using the backflow water to reduce the salinity of inflow water of an adsorption area, and then feeding the mixed liquid into the adsorption area (I);

na in the wastewater solution in the process that the wastewater rises and flows through the cation adsorption filler (22) at the lower layer and the anion adsorption filler (15) at the upper layer of the adsorption zone (I)⁺、Mg²⁺、K⁺And Ca²⁺Is in full contact with and adsorbed on the surface of the cation adsorbing filler (22), and the anion Cl^-And SO₄ ^2-The layered structure entering the anion adsorbing filler (15) is adsorbed;

the wastewater with partial salinity removed by the adsorption zone (I) continuously rises to enter an anaerobic ammonia oxidation zone (II) and is subjected to anaerobic ammonia oxidation particlesThe ammonia nitrogen and the nitrite nitrogen are converted into N under the action of the granular sludge (12)₂；

The wastewater treated by the anaerobic ammonia oxidation zone (II) continuously enters a separation zone (III), gas, liquid and solid three-phase separation is carried out under the action of a three-phase separator (10), the gas is discharged by an exhaust pipe (9), anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge (12) returns to a biological denitrification reaction zone again, part of clarified effluent (7) is directly discharged by a water outlet pipe after passing through an overflow trough (8), and the other part of clarified effluent is returned to a pipeline mixer (18) through a return pipe (4) and is fully mixed with salt-containing wastewater in a wastewater pipe (19);

continuously introducing wastewater into the device according to the flow, and controlling the salinity of the mixed inlet water entering the device within 1% by controlling the reflux ratio of the reflux inlet water and the wastewater inlet water at the initial starting stage of the reactor for inoculating sludge for 0-15 days; after the device stably operates, gradually reducing the reflux ratio so as to gradually improve the salinity of the inlet water, and performing salt tolerance acclimation on the anaerobic ammonium oxidation granular sludge inoculated in the reactor; meanwhile, in the circulation process, based on a conductivity detector (2) and a wastewater metering pump (20) which are arranged in a wastewater storage tank, the total salt content of wastewater entering a reactor is calculated in a simulation mode, the theoretical use days of the filler are calculated by combining the maximum adsorption capacity of two layers of adsorption fillers, then the two layers of adsorption fillers are periodically updated, and the adsorption capacity of the adsorption fillers is always kept.

10. The method for treating industrial wastewater containing nitrogen and salt according to claim 9, wherein the anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge (12) is obtained from an anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor which is stably operated, and the main bacterial species in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge (12) is Candidatus Kuenenia with the relative abundance of 32.8%; in the acclimatization process, the water quality in the denitrification reaction area is periodically analyzed through a sampling port (6) arranged in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation area, and the reflux ratio is dynamically adjusted to maintain the stability of the effluent.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of biological sewage treatment, in particular to a device and a method for quickly starting salt-tolerant anammox.

Background

With the continuous progress of society and the rapid development of economy, the eutrophication problem of natural water bodies such as rivers, lakes and the like is increasingly prominent. In order to strengthen the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus and other nutrient elements in sewage and protect the ecological function of a receiving water body, the discharge standard of nitrogen and phosphorus in sewage treatment in China is continuously improved, the control on the total amount of nitrogen and phosphorus and other pollutants is increasingly emphasized, and the defects of the traditional nitrogen and phosphorus removal process are gradually highlighted. Aeration is needed in the traditional biological nitrification process, and the consumed electric energy accounts for more than 60 percent of the total electric consumption of the sewage plant; organic matters are consumed in the denitrification process, but the concentration of the organic matters in the municipal sewage in China is generally low, and the nitrogen effluent is difficult to reach the standard due to insufficient carbon sources. In order to make the effluent reach the standard, exogenous organic matters are usually added, and the operating cost is increased. Therefore, the research and development of economic, efficient and sustainable biological denitrification process technology has become a hot problem in the field of water pollution control engineering.

Anaerobic ammonia oxidation (Anammox) is used as a novel microbial nitrogen conversion way, thoroughly changes the understanding of people on the traditional nitrogen circulation theory, and is an innovation on the traditional nitrification-denitrification biological nitrogen removal technology. The executing bacteria in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation process are chemoautotrophic bacteria, and can be NH₄ ⁺Being an electron donor, NO₂ ^-Is an electron acceptor, ultimately producing N₂The process does not need to add organic carbon source and O₂. Therefore, the application of anammox in the field of sewage treatment can effectively save the adding cost of a medicament and the energy consumption required by the aeration process, is evaluated by experts at home and abroad to be a novel sustainable development sewage biological treatment technology which can save energy and has no pollution, and is more and more paid more attention by researchers at home and abroad.

The anaerobic ammonia oxidation process is efficient and economical, is expected to become an upgrading and updating technology for biological denitrification of wastewater, and has good application prospect. However, anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria (AnAOB) have the defects of slow growth, low cell yield, sensitivity to changes of environmental conditions and the like, so that the anammox bacteria are often disturbed by exogenous toxicants in practical application and have slow popularization progress. The actual waste water components are complex, such as pharmaceutical waste water, leather processing waste water, food processing waste water, livestock and poultry breeding waste water, garbage seepage filtrate, petrochemical waste water and the like, and contain different kinds and concentrations of inorganic salts. High osmotic pressure caused by high-concentration inorganic salts (sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, potassium chloride, magnesium sulfate, calcium chloride and the like) in the wastewater can reduce the activity of anammox bacteria, inhibit the metabolic action of anammox bacteria, weaken the metabolic activity of enzyme, and further influence the settling property of anammox aggregates and the denitrification performance of a reactor.

Researches find that the anammox is a main contributor to biological denitrification in marine nitrogen circulation, the contribution rate of the anammox to the denitrification of marine organisms is about 4-79%, and the results show that the anammox has certain salt tolerance and provide a theoretical basis for salt tolerance domestication of the anammox. In the currently isolated AnaoB, only "Scandina" is distributed in the marine ecosystem, and through domestication, the AnaoB of the freshwater ecosystem can tolerate salt with a certain concentration. In the prior art, patent CN102952764B discloses a method for culturing salt-tolerant anammox bacteria, which is mainly to enrich and culture activated sludge bacteria as anammox bacteria, and then to perform salt-tolerant acclimation culture on the enriched and cultured anammox bacteria. The patent CN 102976489B discloses a starting method for treating high-salt nitrogen-containing wastewater by an anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor, the method firstly cultures and enriches anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria by increasing nitrogen concentration, and then gradually increases salinity after the anaerobic ammonia oxidation function of the reactor is realized, so that the adaptability of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria to the salinity is domesticated, and the starting process can be divided into two processes of enrichment and domestication. The two patents are inoculated with the conventional activated sludge, and anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria (ANAOB) are distributed in the conventional activated sludge slowly and have low cell yield (0.08-0.11 gVSS/gNH)₄ ⁺N) with generation time of 10-25 days, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor can be started for a long time by inoculating conventional activated sludge, the operation of the reactor is easy to be interfered, and the impact resistance is weak, so that the method is suitable for the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactorThe ability to adapt to environmental changes is insufficient. In the actual production, the salinity of the inlet water is uncertain, the sudden change of the environment can cause impact on an anammox denitrification system, and even cause system instability and difficult paralysis recovery, so that the establishment of the device for quickly starting salt-tolerant anammox and the method thereof are particularly critical.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a device and a method for quickly starting salt-tolerant anammox, which can quickly improve the starting time of an anammox reactor in a high-salt environment and improve the impact resistance of the reactor to the change of the high-salt environment.

The technical solution of the invention for realizing the above purpose is as follows:

a device for quickly starting salt-tolerant anammox comprises an integrated reactor shell, wherein the interior of the reactor shell is sequentially divided into an adsorption zone, an anammox zone and a separation zone from bottom to top; the adsorption zone is in a combined shape of an inverted cone and a cylinder, the inner cavity of the adsorption zone is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer by a diaphragm plate, cation adsorption filler is filled in the inner cavity of the lower layer, a lower layer filler feeding pipe and a lower layer filler discharging pipe are respectively arranged above and below the cation adsorption filler, anion adsorption filler is filled in the inner cavity of the upper layer, and an upper layer filler feeding pipe and an upper layer filler discharging pipe are respectively arranged above and below the anion adsorption filler; the bottom of the adsorption area is provided with a water inlet; a diaphragm plate is also arranged between the upper end of the adsorption zone and the bottom of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation zone; each diaphragm is provided with a plurality of overflowing holes, each overflowing hole is internally provided with an upper flow pipe, the top of each upper flow pipe is higher than the upper surface of the diaphragm, a conical cover is arranged right above each upper flow pipe, and the conical cover, the upper flow pipes and the upper surfaces of the diaphragms are suspended to form a channel for water to flow out;

anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge is filled in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation zone; a sludge inlet pipe is arranged at the top of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation zone, and a sludge discharge pipe is arranged at the bottom of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation zone; the upper part of the inner side wall of the separation area is provided with an overflow groove, and a water collecting cavity of the overflow groove is connected with one end of a water outlet pipe; the center of the separation area is provided with an inverted Y-shaped three-phase separator, and the upper part of the separation area is provided with an exhaust pipe; the device is characterized in that a water storage tank is arranged in front of the device, a conductivity detector is installed in the water storage tank, the water storage tank is connected with one inlet of a pipeline mixer through a waste water pipe with a waste water metering pump, the other end of a water outlet pipe is divided into two paths, one path of water is discharged, the other path of water is connected into the other inlet of the pipeline mixer through a return pipe with a return water metering pump, and an outlet of the pipeline mixer is connected with a water inlet and is used for enabling waste water to be fully mixed with return water and then input into the device from the.

Preferably, the height ratio of the adsorption zone to the upper anaerobic ammonia oxidation zone is 1: (1-1.5), the volume of the cation adsorption filler filled in the lower-layer inner cavity of the adsorption area accounts for 3/4 of the total volume of the lower-layer inner cavity, the volume of the anion adsorption filler filled in the upper-layer inner cavity of the adsorption area accounts for 3/4 of the total volume of the upper-layer inner cavity, and the volume of the anammox granular sludge filled in the anammox area accounts for 1/4 of the total volume of the anammox area.

Preferably, the cation adsorption filler is bentonite, and the anion adsorption filler is hydrotalcite.

Preferably, the diameter of a hole of the overflowing hole in the diaphragm is 2-3 mm, and the gap between the conical cover and the upper surface of the diaphragm is also 2-3 mm, so that the solid particles above the diaphragm are prevented from flowing through the diaphragm from top to bottom in a countercurrent manner while passing through the diaphragm from bottom to top.

Preferably, three sampling ports are arranged on the side wall of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation zone at equal intervals and are used for water quality analysis in the denitrification reactor.

Preferably, the three-phase separator is an inverted-Y cylindrical three-phase separator combination, and the collected nitrogen is discharged through a top exhaust pipe.

Preferably, the height of the liquid surface exposed part of the three-phase separator is 1/3-1/6 of the total height.

Preferably, the device is also provided with an automatic control assembly, wherein the automatic control assembly comprises the conductivity detector, a programmable PLC (programmable logic controller) and a liquid flow regulator assembly; the conductivity detector is connected with a programmable PLC controller through data signals; the liquid flow regulator assembly comprises the wastewater metering pump and the reflux metering pump; the liquid flow regulator is connected with a programmable PLC controller through data signals; the programmable PLC controller is also respectively in control connection with a wastewater inlet valve arranged on the wastewater pipe and a backflow inlet valve arranged on the backflow pipe; the automatic control assembly further comprises a wireless transceiver connected with the programmable PLC, the wireless transceiver is in communication connection with a cloud server through a wireless network, and the cloud server is connected with a remote monitoring center or an intelligent mobile terminal through the wireless network.

The invention also aims to provide a method for treating industrial wastewater containing nitrogen and salt by using any one of the above schemes to quickly start a salt-tolerant anaerobic ammonium oxidation device, which comprises the following steps:

fully mixing the salt-containing and nitrogen-containing wastewater to be treated with effluent backflow water in a pipeline mixer, diluting raw water by using the backflow water to reduce the salinity of the inflow water of the adsorption area, and then feeding the mixed liquid into the adsorption area;

na in the wastewater solution in the process that the wastewater rises and flows through the cation adsorption filler on the lower layer and the anion adsorption filler on the upper layer of the adsorption zone⁺、Mg²⁺、K⁺And Ca²⁺Fully contacted with the cation adsorption filler and adsorbed on the surface thereof, and the anion Cl^-And SO₄ ^2-The layered structure entering the anion adsorbing filler is adsorbed;

the wastewater with partial salinity removed by the adsorption zone continuously rises to enter an anaerobic ammonia oxidation zone, and ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen are converted into N under the action of anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge₂；

The wastewater treated by the anaerobic ammonia oxidation zone continuously enters a separation zone, gas, liquid and solid are separated under the action of a three-phase separator, the gas is discharged by an exhaust pipe, anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge returns to the biological denitrification reaction zone again, part of the clarified effluent is directly discharged by a water outlet pipe after passing through an overflow trough, and the other part of the clarified effluent flows back to a pipeline mixer through a return pipe and is fully mixed with the salt-containing wastewater in a wastewater pipe;

continuously introducing wastewater into the device according to the flow, and controlling the salinity of the mixed inlet water entering the device within 1% by controlling the reflux ratio of the reflux inlet water and the wastewater inlet water at the initial starting stage of the reactor for inoculating sludge for 0-15 days; after the device stably operates, gradually reducing the reflux ratio so as to gradually improve the salinity of the inlet water, and performing salt tolerance acclimation on the anaerobic ammonium oxidation granular sludge inoculated in the reactor; meanwhile, in the circulation process, based on a conductivity detector and a wastewater metering pump which are arranged in a wastewater storage tank, the total salt content of wastewater entering a reactor is calculated in a simulation mode, the theoretical use days of the filler are calculated by combining the maximum adsorption capacity of two layers of adsorption fillers, and then the two layers of adsorption fillers are periodically updated to keep the adsorption capacity of the fillers all the time.

Preferably, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge is taken from an anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor which operates stably, the main strain in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge is Candidatus Kuenenia, and the relative abundance is 32.8%; in the acclimatization process, the water quality in the denitrification reaction area is periodically analyzed through a sampling port arranged in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation area, and the reflux ratio is dynamically adjusted to maintain the stability of the effluent.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: 1) the inoculated sludge is anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge, the relative abundance of anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria in the inoculated sludge is improved by a bioaugmention (bioaugnnentation) measure, and the starting of an anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor is accelerated; 2) specific biotenomes are naturally combined and fixed in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge so as to self-strengthen the viability of the biotenomes. The secreted EPS is the key of the skeleton and cell aggregation of the granular sludge, is also the first defense line of the microorganism for resisting adversity, and has stronger salinity impact resistance than the traditional sludge; 3) the desalting process of the preposed adsorption area is characterized in that salt separating particles in the wastewater are adsorbed by developing modified hydrotalcite and bentonite filler, so that the salinity of the inlet water of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation area can be reduced, and the inhibiting effect of high-salt impact on anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria is relieved; 4) the inlet water can be diluted through the outlet water backflow, so that the salinity is lower than the toxicity threshold value, and the influence of the salinity on the biological denitrification treatment process is reduced. The method is simple and easy to operate and manage; 5) the automatic control assembly can adjust the effluent reflux ratio according to the conductivity online detector, ensure the salinity concentration of the influent water of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation zone to be within a reasonable threshold range, enhance the impact of the reactor system on the salinity fluctuation of the influent water and have strong impact load resistance; 6) the efficient three-phase separator is arranged to effectively separate gas, liquid and solid phases.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device for rapidly starting salt-tolerant anammox;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a diaphragm of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the mounting of the up-flow tube and conical shroud on the diaphragm;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the denitrification effect of a rapid start salt-tolerant anammox apparatus in an embodiment.

In the figure: the device comprises a water storage tank 1, a conductivity meter 2, a reflux metering pump 3, a reflux pipe 4, a diaphragm plate 5, a sampling port 6, a water outlet pipe 7, an overflow weir 8, an exhaust pipe 9, a three-phase separator 10, a sludge inlet pipe 11, anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge 12, a sludge discharge pipe 13, an upper filler inlet pipe 14, an anion adsorption filler 15, an upper filler outlet pipe 16, a water inlet pipe 17, a pipeline mixer 18, a waste water pipe 19, a waste water metering pump 20, a overflowing hole 21, a cation adsorption filler 22, a lower filler inlet pipe 23, a lower filler outlet pipe 24, an upflow pipe 25 and a conical cover 26.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further elucidated and described with reference to the drawings and the detailed description. The technical features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined correspondingly without mutual conflict.

Referring to fig. 1, a reactor apparatus for rapid start-up of salt-tolerant anammox according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is provided, in which a shell of the reactor apparatus is an integrated reactor shell, and the interior of the shell is divided into an adsorption zone I, an anammox zone II and a separation zone III from bottom to top. The invention may be constructed from plexiglas and steel plates, and the specific function and structure of each zone is described in detail below.

The main function of the adsorption zone I is to partially remove the salt in the influent water so that the salt concentration is within a reasonable threshold range. The adsorption zone I is in an inverted cone and cylinder combined shape, the inner cavity is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer through a diaphragm plate 5 inside the adsorption zone I, namely an upper layer inner cavity and a lower layer inner cavity, and different fillers are filled in the two layers of inner cavities respectively. The lower inner cavity is filled with cation adsorption filler 22, a lower filler feeding pipe 23 and a lower filler discharging pipe 24 are respectively arranged above and below the cation adsorption filler 22, the upper inner cavity is filled with anion adsorption filler 15, and an upper filler feeding pipe 14 and an upper filler discharging pipe 16 are respectively arranged above and below the anion adsorption filler 15. In addition, a water inlet 17 is arranged at the bottom of the adsorption area I. The water inlet of the whole reactor device is input through the water inlet 17, and the water inlet flows through the cation adsorption filler 22 of the lower inner cavity and then enters the upper inner cavity through the transverse partition plate 5 to be continuously adsorbed by the anion adsorption filler 15. Since the adsorption packing has the maximum adsorption capacity, adsorption saturation occurs during use, and thus it needs to be periodically renewed. The anion adsorption filler 15 on the upper layer can be input with new filler through the filler feeding pipe 14 on the upper layer, and the filler with saturated adsorption can be extracted through the filler discharging pipe 16 on the upper layer; similarly, the lower layer of cation adsorption packing 22 can input new packing through the lower layer packing feeding pipe 23, and extract the packing with saturated adsorption through the lower layer packing discharging pipe 24. The regeneration of the packing may be carried out periodically or continuously, and preferably in the latter case, the adsorption-saturated packing is withdrawn while new packing is fed, both are maintained in an equilibrium state, and the adsorption capacity of the packing is utilized as much as possible while the continuity of the operation of the reactor is maintained.

A transverse partition plate 5 is also arranged between the upper end of the adsorption area I and the bottom of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation area II, and the adsorbed wastewater needs to enter the anaerobic ammonia oxidation area II above the transverse partition plate 5. It should be noted that the diaphragm 5 is of the same form as the diaphragm 5 in the adsorption zone I, and both of them need to have the flow capacity of the water flow, and at the same time, since the two sides of the diaphragm are completely different solid particles, it is necessary to ensure that the solid particles on the two sides do not exchange. The solid particles referred to herein may be filler particles or sludge particles, depending on the actual particles present on either side of the respective diaphragm. In the invention, the two diaphragm plates 5 are specially designed, as shown in fig. 2, a plurality of overflowing holes 21 are uniformly formed in each diaphragm plate 5 along the cross section, an upper flow pipe 25 with the top higher than the upper surface of the diaphragm plate 5 is installed in each overflowing hole 21, a conical cover 26 is arranged right above each upper flow pipe 25, each conical cover 26 is a conical shell, the axis of the conical cover 26 is coaxial with the lower upper flow pipe 25, and the conical cover 26 and the upper flow pipe 25 need to be suspended in the air to form a channel for water to flow out. Meanwhile, a suspension interval is also arranged between the conical cover 26 and the upper surface of the diaphragm plate 5, and under the design, water flow below the diaphragm plate 5 can be input through the up flow pipe 25 and then flows out to the channels at two sides through the blocking effect of the conical cover 26, so that a flow state as shown in fig. 3 is formed. In this configuration, the solid particles above the conical cover 26 need to overcome the gravity and the thrust of the water flow to enter the up-flow pipe 25, so that the solid particles cannot enter the lower part of the diaphragm 5 through the up-flow pipe 25 in general, thereby ensuring that the water flow passes through the diaphragm 5 from bottom to top and preventing the solid particles from flowing back through the diaphragm 5 from top to bottom.

The anaerobic ammonia oxidation area II is filled with anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge 12, the top of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation area II is provided with a sludge inlet pipe 11, the bottom of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation area II is provided with a sludge discharge pipe 13, and the anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge 12 can be input from the sludge inlet pipe 11 and output from the sludge discharge pipe 13. In addition, three sampling ports 6 can be arranged on the side wall of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation zone II at equal intervals and are used for analyzing the water quality in the denitrification reactor, so that the operation parameters such as reflux ratio and the like can be adjusted at any time.

The upper part of the inner side wall of the separation area III is provided with an overflow groove 8, and the water collecting cavity of the overflow groove 8 is connected with one end of a water outlet pipe 7. An inverted Y-shaped three-phase separator 10 is arranged in the center of the separation area III, an air outlet at the top of the three-phase separator 10 is connected with an exhaust pipe 9, and the exhaust pipe 9 extends out of the shell of the reactor.

The reactor device is provided with a water storage tank 1 in front, a conductivity detector 2 is arranged in the water storage tank 1, the water storage tank 1 is connected with one inlet of a pipeline mixer 18 through a waste water pipe 19 with a waste water metering pump 20, the other end of the water outlet pipe 7 is divided into two paths, one path of outlet water is discharged, the other path of outlet water is connected into the other inlet of the pipeline mixer 18 through a return pipe 4 with a return flow metering pump 3, an outlet of the pipeline mixer 18 is connected with a water inlet 17, and the pipeline mixer 18 is used for inputting the waste water into the reactor device from the bottom end of an adsorption area I after fully mixing with the return water. The pipeline mixer is also called a tubular static mixer, is very effective in aspects of adding various coagulants, coagulant aids, ozone, liquid chlorine, acid-base neutralization, gas-water mixing and the like in water supply and drainage and environmental protection projects, is ideal equipment for treating various medicaments in a water area to realize instantaneous mixing, has the characteristics of quick and efficient mixing, simple structure, energy consumption saving, small volume and the like, can generate three functions of flow splitting, cross mixing and reverse rotational flow when water flows pass through the pipeline mixer under the condition of no need of external power, ensures that the added medicaments are quickly and uniformly diffused into the whole water body to achieve the aim of instantaneous mixing, has the mixing efficiency of 90-95 percent, can save the medicament consumption by about 20-30 percent, and has great significance for improving the water treatment effect and saving energy.

In this embodiment, the structural parameters of the device can be designed as follows: the height ratio of the adsorption zone I to the upper anaerobic ammonia oxidation zone II is 1: (1-1.5), the volume of the cation adsorption filler 22 filled in the lower-layer inner cavity of the adsorption area I accounts for 3/4 of the total volume of the lower-layer inner cavity, the volume of the anion adsorption filler 15 filled in the upper-layer inner cavity of the adsorption area I accounts for 3/4 of the total volume of the upper-layer inner cavity, and the volume of the anammox granular sludge 12 filled in the anammox area II accounts for 1/4 of the total volume of the anammox area II. The diameter of the hole of the overflowing hole 21 on the transverse clapboard 5 is 2-3 mm, the gap between the conical cover 26 and the upper surface of the transverse clapboard 5 is also 2-3 mm, the top of the upflow pipe 25 is higher than the upper surface of the transverse clapboard 5 by 4-5 cm, and particles are prevented from entering the upflow pipe 25 due to hydraulic turbulence because of overlarge gap. The three-phase separator 10 is selected from an inverted Y cylindrical three-phase separator combination, the collected nitrogen is discharged through an exhaust pipe 9 at the top, and the height of the part of the three-phase separator 10 exposed out of the liquid surface is 1/3-1/6 of the total height.

In addition, the cation adsorbent packing 22 and the anion adsorbent packing 15 of the present invention may be selected as needed as long as the salt can be removed. In this embodiment, the cation-adsorbing filler 22 is used as a swelling materialAnd the anion-adsorptive filler 15 is hydrotalcite. Hydrotalcite can be used for adsorbing Cl in solution^-And SO₄ ^2-While the bentonite can absorb Na⁺、Mg^{2 +}、K⁺And Ca²⁺The combination of the two can absorb a plurality of anions or cations in the conventional salt, and the anions and the cations replaced by the absorbent are OH-and H + respectively, so that the H + and the OH-are combined to generate water, and the aim of desalting is fulfilled.

As a further optimization of the above embodiment, an automatic control component may be further provided in the whole apparatus to realize automatic control. The automatic control assembly comprises the conductivity detector 2, a programmable PLC (programmable logic controller) and a liquid flow regulator assembly, wherein the conductivity detector 2 is in data signal connection with the programmable PLC, and conductivity data can be transmitted to the programmable PLC on line in real time. The liquid flow regulator assembly comprises the wastewater metering pump 20 and the backflow metering pump 3, and the two metering pumps are also connected with the programmable PLC through data signals to transmit wastewater inflow and backflow in real time. In addition, the programmable PLC controller is also respectively in control connection with a wastewater inlet valve arranged on the wastewater pipe 19 and a return water inlet valve arranged on the return pipe 4, and the two valves can control the corresponding pipelines to be switched on and off under the control of the programmable PLC controller. In order to realize remote automatic control, the automatic control assembly further comprises a wireless transceiver connected with the programmable PLC, the wireless transceiver is in communication connection with a cloud server through a wireless network, and the cloud server is connected with a remote monitoring center or an intelligent mobile terminal through the wireless network and is specifically determined according to user requirements.

Based on the quick start salt-tolerant anaerobic ammonium oxidation device, the invention also provides a method for treating industrial wastewater containing nitrogen and salt by using the device, which comprises the following steps:

firstly, fully mixing salt-containing nitrogen-containing wastewater 19 to be treated with effluent return water 4 in a pipeline mixer 18, diluting raw water by using the return water to reduce the salinity of the influent water of an adsorption zone, and then feeding the mixed solution into an adsorption zone I;

on waste waterIn the process of rising and flowing through the cation adsorption filler 22 at the lower layer and the anion adsorption filler 15 at the upper layer of the adsorption zone I, Na in the wastewater solution⁺、Mg²⁺、K⁺And Ca²⁺Is in full contact with and adsorbed on the surface of the cation adsorbing filler 22, and the anion Cl^-And SO₄ ^2-The layered structure entering the anion adsorbing filler 15 is adsorbed;

the wastewater with partial salinity removed by the adsorption zone I continuously rises to enter an anaerobic ammonia oxidation zone II, and ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen are converted into N under the action of anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge 12₂；

The wastewater treated by the anaerobic ammonia oxidation zone II continuously enters a separation zone III, gas, liquid and solid three-phase separation is carried out under the action of a three-phase separator 10, the gas is discharged by an exhaust pipe 9, anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge 12 returns to the biological denitrification reaction zone again, part of clarified effluent 7 is directly discharged by a water outlet pipe after passing through an overflow trough 8, and the other part of clarified effluent flows back to a pipeline mixer 18 through a return pipe 4 and is fully mixed with salt-containing wastewater in a wastewater pipe 19.

The above-mentioned flow is the circulation flow of waste water in the reactor device, constantly lets in waste water to the device according to above-mentioned flow, starts the initial stage (0 ~ 15 days after the mud inoculation promptly) at the reactor, through the reflux ratio of control backward flow inflow and waste water inflow, controls the mixed water salinity that gets into the device within 1% with the mode of backward flow dilution, and the reflux ratio primary control is 4 in this embodiment: 1. after the device stably operates, the reflux ratio is gradually reduced to 3.5:1, 3:1 and 2.5:1, and finally the reflux ratio is reduced to 2:1, so that the salinity of the influent water is gradually improved, and the planted anaerobic ammonium oxidation granular sludge in the reactor is subjected to salt tolerance domestication. After the reflux ratio is reduced each time, a certain time is needed to be kept, so that the effluent quality is gradually stabilized. In addition, in the acclimatization process, the water quality in the denitrification reaction zone needs to be periodically analyzed through a sampling port 6 arranged in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation zone, and the reflux ratio needs to be dynamically adjusted according to the water quality fluctuation, so that the aim is to maintain the stable water outlet. Meanwhile, in the circulation process, based on the conductivity detector 2 and the wastewater metering pump 20 which are arranged in the wastewater storage tank, the total salt content of wastewater entering the reactor is calculated in a simulation mode, the theoretical use days of the filler are calculated by combining the maximum adsorption capacity of the two layers of adsorption fillers, then the two layers of adsorption fillers are updated regularly, and the adsorption capacity of the two layers of adsorption fillers is kept all the time.

Since there is a correlation between the ion content in the water and the conductivity, the corresponding ion content in the water can be reflected by the conductivity. Taking the theoretical use days of hydrotalcite as an example, the calculation formula can be seen in formula 1:

in the formula: m is the weight of the added filler, calculated by hydrotalcite, kg; v_maxAs the maximum adsorption quantity of the filler, hydrotalcite is used for Cl^-The maximum adsorption amount of (2) is 48.32 g/kg^-1(ii) a Q is the original wastewater flow, m³·d^-1(ii) a TDS is salinity (mg.kg) of raw wastewater^-1) The average of 300 sets of conductivity sigma (ms/cm) data over a week is converted to TDS by empirical formula, i.e., TDS is equal to conductivity sigma multiplied by 0.5-0.7.

Similarly, the theoretical number of days of use of bentonite can also be calculated using the above formula 1, and there is only a difference in the coefficient.

In this example, the anammox granular sludge 12 used for inoculation was taken from an anammox reactor which was operated stably, and the inoculated anammox granular sludge was reddish in blood and had a TS concentration of 71.5. + -. 13.5 g.L^-1VS concentration of 45.8. + -. 7.6 g.L^-1The VS/TS ratio was 0.64. + -. 0.01. Candidatus Kuenenia is the main AnAOB in the inoculated sludge, has strong affinity to the matrix, and has the relative abundance of 32.8%.

In a preferred embodiment, the adsorbent filler hydrotalcite is modified in view of the problem of high running cost due to a large amount of the adsorbent filler. That is, the adsorption filler filled in the device can adopt modified clay mineral modified hydrotalcite (LDHs) and Bentonite (Bentonite). In this example, the preparation method of the clay mineral modified hydrotalcite (LDHs) was as follows:

the hydrotalcite is prepared by a coprecipitation method: mixing Mg (NO)₃)₂·6H₂O and Al (NO)₃)₃·9H₂O is mixed according to the molar ratio of Mg to Al of 3:1 preparing a mixed salt solution A containing Mg (NO)₃)₂·6H₂O concentration of 10mmol/L, Al (NO)₃)₃·9H₂The O concentration was 3.3 mmol/L. NaOH (2.3mol/L) and NaNO are prepared₃(3.5mol/L) of the mixed alkali solution B. Rapidly mixing the salt solution A and the alkali solution B, stirring, adjusting the pH value of the solution to 9.5 to obtain white slurry suspension, placing the white slurry suspension in a constant-temperature water bath kettle, controlling the temperature to be 75 ℃, reacting for 12 hours, cooling, filtering, washing to be neutral, drying at 80 ℃, and grinding to obtain clay mineral modified hydrotalcite (LDHs), namely NO₃--LDH。

Under the action of an activating agent, impurities and ions between layers of the clay mineral modified hydrotalcite are replaced, so that the modified hydrotalcite has higher porosity and larger specific surface area, and the adsorption performance of the modified hydrotalcite is improved. The modified hydrotalcite can be used for adsorbing Cl in solution^-And SO₄ ^2-The corresponding maximum adsorption amount was 48.32mg g^-1And 76.54mg g^-1. And the modified hydrotalcite has a structure memory effect. The LDHs can be roasted at a certain temperature to remove interlayer anions, the layered structure collapses, and when the LDHs is placed in a solution containing anions, the LDHs can adsorb the anions in the solution to recover the layered structure. Therefore, the roasted LDHs can be repeatedly used to effectively remove target anions in the wastewater, thereby greatly reducing the overall operation cost.

In the preferred embodiment, the bentonite used is one which adsorbs Na⁺、Mg²⁺、K⁺And Ca²⁺The maximum adsorption amounts were 38.21, 5.45, 11.24, and 14.58mg g^-1. The adding proportion of the modified hydrotalcite to the bentonite is 1: 2. The two adsorption materials are mutually matched, and Cl in the wastewater solution is generated in the process that wastewater rises and flows through the hydrotalcite and bentonite mixed packing layer^-And SO₄ ^2-Fully contacts with the hydrotalcite, and anions enter a layered structure of the hydrotalcite to be absorbedAnd (4) attaching. And Na⁺、Mg²⁺、K⁺And Ca²⁺Fully contacts with the bentonite and is adsorbed on the surface of the bentonite.

Based on the device for rapidly starting salt-tolerant anammox and the wastewater treatment method in the above embodiments, the technical scheme of the present invention is further described by taking simulated nitrogen-containing wastewater containing sodium chloride as an example, so as to facilitate those skilled in the art to better understand the effect.