阅读说明：本技术 一种用于***飞石和振动的防护方法 (Protection method for blasting flying stones and vibration ) 是由 崔博 于 2019-11-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种用于爆破飞石和振动的防护方法,涉及土石方爆破技术领域。该用于爆破飞石和振动的防护方法,其特征在于：包括如下步骤：S1、开挖减震沟：在爆源与被保护物之间开挖一条减震沟,减震沟的尺寸为B1×H1×L1(其中：B1表示减震沟的宽度,B1＝2～3m；H1表示减震沟的深度,H1＝3～5m；L1表示减震沟的长度,L1＝(1.1～1.3)L0；L0表示被保护物的长度)。该用于爆破飞石和振动的防护方法,由于爆破施工产生的个别飞石在飞行过程中将会受到防护网的阻隔而失去对被保护物的破坏能力,防护网对减震沟的侧面有一定的支撑作用,能防止减震沟在爆破施工过程中出现垮塌,并在一定程度上能保证在开挖宽度不变的情况下增加减震沟的开挖深度。(The invention discloses a protection method for blasting flying stones and vibration, and relates to the technical field of earthwork blasting. The protection method for blasting flying stones and vibration is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: s1, excavating a damping ditch: a damping ditch is dug between the detonation source and the protected object, and the size of the damping ditch is B1 XH 1 XL 1 (wherein, B1 represents the width of the damping ditch, B1 is 2-3 m, H1 represents the depth of the damping ditch, H1 is 3-5 m, L1 represents the length of the damping ditch, L1 is (1.1-1.3) L0, and L0 represents the length of the protected object). According to the protection method for blasting flying stones and vibration, individual flying stones generated in blasting construction are blocked by the protective net in the flying process and lose the destructive capacity of protected objects, the protective net has a certain supporting effect on the side face of the damping ditch, the damping ditch can be prevented from collapsing in the blasting construction process, and the excavation depth of the damping ditch can be increased under the condition that the excavation width is not changed to a certain extent.)

1. A protection method for blasting flying stones and vibration is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

s1, excavating a damping ditch: excavating a damping ditch between the explosion source and the protected object, wherein the size of the damping ditch is B1 XH 1 XL 1 (wherein, B1 represents the width of the damping ditch, B1 is 2-3 m, H1 represents the depth of the damping ditch, H1 is 3-5 m, L1 represents the length of the damping ditch, L1 is (1.1-1.3) L0, and L0 represents the length of the protected object);

s2, setting a passive protective net foundation: a passive protective net is arranged at a position 1m behind the damping trench, and is arranged for protecting high falling rocks and falling objects in the construction process, so that blasting flying rocks and blasting vibration caused by blasting construction are mainly prevented;

s3, embedding steel pipe: after the foundation pit is dug, placing a steel pipe (the gradient is less than or equal to 5 degrees, the angle between the steel pipe and the ground plane is more than or equal to 95 degrees, the gradient is more than or equal to 5 degrees, the angle between the steel pipe and the ground plane is 75-95 degrees), and pouring a C25 concrete foundation;

s4, fixing the bamboo gangplank: and when the strength of the foundation concrete reaches 80%, fixing cross rods on the strut steel pipe, wherein the distance between the cross rods is 1m, and the struts are arranged within a range of 4 m. Bamboo gangplank is fixed on the cross bar.

2. A method of protection against blasting flyrock and vibrations according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S2, when the bottom layer of the foundation is hard rock, the steel pipe hole is drilled directly to fix the steel pipe, and when the foundation of soil and soft rock is excavated by manual excavation, the diameter is 0.8m and the depth is 1 m.

3. A method of protection against blasting flyrock and vibrations according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S3, the C25 concrete foundation is poured with a spacing of 2m one.

4. A method of protection against blasting flyrock and vibrations according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S4, the cross bar and the bamboo gangplank are fixed by iron wires.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of earth and rockfill blasting, in particular to a protection method for blasting flying stones and vibration.

Background

Among the many hazards brought by blasting construction, blasting vibration and blasting flyrock are the main hazards. When the explosive explodes in the rock mass, a part of energy causes disturbance to the medium around the explosive and spreads outwards in a wave form. The main cause of rock fracture in blasting is the action of body waves, and the main cause of blasting earthquake damage is the action of surface waves. In production, the bench blasting is mostly multi-row millisecond blasting. The complexity of the shot seismic waveform is caused by the mutual interference and overlap of wave groups due to the differences in propagation paths and delay times of the individual waves. In addition, the energy generated after the explosive explosion acts on the crushed rock mass, so that the crushed rock mass has a large initial flying speed, and the flyrock is thrown to the periphery after the initial flying speed is obtained, so that the controllability is low, and the damage and the casualty to surrounding buildings, equipment and personnel can be frequently caused.

Based on the above various "defenses" and "complexities", when blasting excavation and tunnel excavation construction are performed on a high slope close to a protected object such as an oil storage tank, except for actively changing charging parameters, blasting parameters and cooperation, some effective protection technologies are passively adopted to further guarantee safety.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a protection method for blasting flyrock and vibration, which solves the problems that in the prior art, step blasting is mostly multi-row millisecond blasting, wave groups are mutually interfered and overlapped due to different propagation paths and delay time of various waves, the complexity of blasting earthquake waveforms is caused, in addition, energy generated after explosive blasting acts on a crushed rock block to enable the crushed rock block to have a very large initial flying speed, and the flyrock is thrown to the periphery after the initial flying speed is obtained, so that the controllability is very low, and the damage and the death to surrounding buildings, equipment and personnel are often caused.

(II) technical scheme

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method of protection against blasts of flying stones and vibrations, comprising the steps of:

s1, excavating a damping ditch: excavating a damping ditch between the explosion source and the protected object, wherein the size of the damping ditch is B1 XH 1 XL 1 (wherein, B1 represents the width of the damping ditch, B1 is 2-3 m, H1 represents the depth of the damping ditch, H1 is 3-5 m, L1 represents the length of the damping ditch, L1 is (1.1-1.3) L0, and L0 represents the length of the protected object);

s2, setting a passive protective net foundation: a passive protective net is arranged at a position 1m behind the damping trench, and is arranged for protecting high falling rocks and falling objects in the construction process, so that blasting flying rocks and blasting vibration caused by blasting construction are mainly prevented;

s3, embedding steel pipe: after the foundation pit is dug, placing a steel pipe (the gradient is less than or equal to 5 degrees, the angle between the steel pipe and the ground plane is more than or equal to 95 degrees, the gradient is more than or equal to 5 degrees, the angle between the steel pipe and the ground plane is 75-95 degrees), and pouring a C25 concrete foundation;

s4, fixing the bamboo gangplank: and when the strength of the foundation concrete reaches 80%, fixing cross rods on the strut steel pipe, wherein the distance between the cross rods is 1m, and the struts are arranged within a range of 4 m. Bamboo gangplank is fixed on the cross bar.

Preferably, in step S2, when the bottom layer at the foundation position is hard rock, the steel pipe hole is directly drilled to fix the steel pipe, and when the soil and soft rock foundation is excavated by manual excavation, the diameter is 0.8m and the depth is 1 m.

Preferably, in step S3, the C25 concrete foundation is poured at a spacing of 2 m.

Preferably, in step S4, the cross bar and the bamboo springboard are fixed by iron wires.

(III) advantageous effects

The invention provides a protection method for blasting flying stones and vibration. The method has the following beneficial effects:

according to the protection method for blasting flying stones and vibration, individual flying stones generated in blasting construction are blocked by the protective net in the flying process and lose the destructive capacity on protected objects, the protective net is erected behind the shock absorption ditch and supported on the side face of the shock absorption ditch through two ends of the steel pipe, so that the protective net has a certain supporting effect on the side face of the shock absorption ditch, the shock absorption ditch can be prevented from collapsing in the blasting construction process, the excavation depth of the shock absorption ditch can be increased under the condition that the excavation width is not changed to a certain extent, the attenuation effect of the shock absorption ditch on blasting vibration is enhanced, meanwhile, the earthquake damage generated in blasting construction is reduced to the minimum degree by using the shock absorption ditch, and the individual flying stones generated in blasting construction are effectively blocked by using the protective net; the protective net is arranged in the damping ditch, and the two protection functions are organically combined, so that the two protection methods mutually 'borrow force', the damping effect of the damping ditch is more obvious, and the protective net is more stable.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken at A-A of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken at B-B of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view at C-C of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken at D-D of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-5, the present invention provides a technical solution: a method of protection against blasts of flying stones and vibrations, comprising the steps of:

s1, excavating a damping ditch: excavating a damping ditch between the explosion source and the protected object, wherein the size of the damping ditch is B1 XH 1 XL 1 (wherein, B1 represents the width of the damping ditch, B1 is 2-3 m, H1 represents the depth of the damping ditch, H1 is 3-5 m, L1 represents the length of the damping ditch, L1 is (1.1-1.3) L0, and L0 represents the length of the protected object);

s2, setting a passive protective net foundation: a passive protective net is arranged at a position 1m behind the damping trench, and is arranged for protecting high-rise rockfall and falling objects in construction, so that blasting flyrock and blasting vibration caused by blasting construction are mainly prevented (when the bottom layer at the position of a foundation is hard rock, a steel pipe hole is directly drilled for fixing a steel pipe, and when a foundation of soil and soft rock is excavated manually, the diameter of the foundation is 0.8m, and the depth of the foundation is 1 m);

s3, embedding steel pipe: after the foundation pit is dug, placing a steel pipe (the gradient is less than or equal to 5 degrees, the angle between the steel pipe and the ground plane is more than or equal to 95 degrees, the gradient is more than or equal to 5 degrees, the angle between the steel pipe and the ground plane is 75-95 degrees), and pouring a C25 concrete foundation (the distance between the poured C25 concrete foundations is 2m one);

s4, fixing the bamboo gangplank: and when the strength of the foundation concrete reaches 80%, fixing cross rods on the strut steel pipe, wherein the distance between the cross rods is 1m, and the struts are arranged within a range of 4 m. Bamboo gangplank is fixed on the cross bar (the cross bar and the bamboo gangplank are fixed by iron wires).

In conclusion, according to the protection method for blasting flying stones and vibration, individual flying stones generated in blasting construction are blocked by the protective net in the flying process and lose the destructive capacity on protected objects, the protective net is erected behind the shock absorption ditch and supported on the side face of the shock absorption ditch through two ends of the steel pipe, so that the protective net has a certain supporting effect on the side face of the shock absorption ditch, the shock absorption ditch can be prevented from collapsing in the blasting construction process, the excavation depth of the shock absorption ditch can be increased under the condition that the excavation width is not changed to a certain extent, the damping effect of the shock absorption ditch on blasting vibration is enhanced, and meanwhile, the earthquake damage generated in blasting construction is reduced to the minimum degree by the shock absorption ditch and the individual flying stones generated in blasting construction are effectively blocked by the protective net; the protective net is arranged in the damping ditch, and the two protection functions are organically combined, so that the two protection methods mutually 'borrow force', the damping effect of the damping ditch is more obvious, and the protective net is more stable.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.