阅读说明：本技术 路面特征测量装置及方法 (Road surface characteristic measuring device and method ) 是由 黄晶晶 孙礼 于 2019-10-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种路面特征测量装置及方法,包括安装在升降机构上的水平激光测距仪,水平激光测距仪的激光发射方向上设置有接收装置,接收装置包括激光挡板,接收装置上设置有测量激光挡板上的光斑处至地面垂直距离的垂直测距装置。上述方案中,通过水平激光测距仪测得待测点的水平坐标,再通过垂直测距装置测得待测点的垂直坐标,这样便能得到待测点的三维坐标,然后测量多个待测点坐标后,便可以导入数据创建路面模型。本发明操作便捷,结构简单且制造成本低。(The invention provides a road surface characteristic measuring device and a method, which comprises a horizontal laser range finder arranged on a lifting mechanism, wherein a receiving device is arranged in the laser emission direction of the horizontal laser range finder, the receiving device comprises a laser baffle, and a vertical distance measuring device for measuring the vertical distance from a light spot on the laser baffle to the ground is arranged on the receiving device. In the scheme, the horizontal coordinate of the point to be measured is measured by the horizontal laser distance measuring instrument, the vertical coordinate of the point to be measured is measured by the vertical distance measuring device, so that the three-dimensional coordinate of the point to be measured can be obtained, and then the data can be led in to create the road model after the coordinates of the points to be measured are measured. The invention has the advantages of convenient operation, simple structure and low manufacturing cost.)

1. A road surface characteristic measuring device is characterized in that: the device comprises a horizontal laser range finder (10) installed on a lifting mechanism, wherein a receiving device is arranged in the laser emission direction of the horizontal laser range finder (10), the receiving device comprises a laser baffle plate (20), and a vertical range finding device (30) for measuring the vertical distance from a light spot on the laser baffle plate (20) to the ground is arranged on the receiving device.

2. A road surface characteristic measuring method comprises the following steps:

A. selecting a base position N0, setting the coordinates as (0, 0, 0), and selecting a horizontal plane as an XY plane;

B. leveling a horizontal laser range finder (10) and placing the horizontal laser range finder at a base position, wherein ranging laser of the horizontal laser range finder (10) is emitted along the Y direction;

C. the receiving device is placed in the beam direction of the ranging laser, and a point on the ground right below a light spot on the laser baffle (20) is a measuring point A0 in the Y direction;

D. the horizontal laser distance measuring instrument (10) measures the distance from the horizontal laser distance measuring instrument to the laser baffle plate (20) and reads the distance, wherein the reading is the Y coordinate of the point A0, the vertical distance measuring device (30) measures the vertical distance from the light spot on the laser baffle plate (20) to the ground and reads the distance, the Z coordinate of the point A0 is obtained through the reading, and the X coordinate of the point A0 is consistent with the point N0 and is 0;

E. moving the receiving device along the Y direction, and repeating the step D to measure and record the coordinates of a plurality of measuring points B0, C0 and D0 … … in the Y direction;

F. measuring and selecting a plurality of equidistant base positions N1, N2 and N3 … … in the X direction of a measuring base point N0;

G. leveling the second horizontal laser distance measuring instrument (10), aligning a horizontal positioning point below the second horizontal laser distance measuring instrument with the point N1, relatively emitting distance measuring lasers of the two horizontal laser distance measuring instruments (10), and adjusting the height of the second horizontal laser distance measuring instrument (10) to enable the distance measuring lasers of the second horizontal laser distance measuring instrument to coincide with the distance measuring lasers of the first horizontal laser distance measuring instrument (10);

H. rotating the second horizontal laser range finder (10) by 90 degrees to enable the range finding laser to emit to the Y direction, repeating the step C, D, E, and measuring and recording the coordinates of a plurality of measuring points B1, C1 and D1 … … in the Y direction of the base N1;

I. the step G, H is repeated to measure and record the coordinates of all the measurement points and then create a road surface model from the three-dimensional coordinates of the measurement points.

3. The road surface characteristic measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the receiving device comprises a level meter, and the plate surface direction of the laser baffle (20) is located in the vertical direction.

4. A road surface characteristic measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the vertical distance measuring device (30) comprises scale marks (31), and a plumb bob (32) is hung below the scale marks (31).

5. The road surface characteristic measuring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the scale mark (31) is wound on a hand-operated winding drum (40) at the upper end of the receiving device, and the axis direction of the hand-operated winding drum (40) is consistent with the beam direction of the horizontal laser range finder (10).

6. The road surface characteristic measuring device according to claim 5, characterized in that: a sliding rail is arranged below the hand-cranking winding drum (40), and the hand-cranking winding drum (40) slides along the sliding rail in the direction of the shaft core.

7. The road surface characteristic measuring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: and a pressure sensor is arranged at the lower end of the plumb bob (32).

8. The road surface characteristic measuring method according to claim 2, characterized in that: when the road surface undulation degree is large, namely the Z coordinate change of the measuring point is large, the distance between the measuring positions is properly reduced, and when the road surface undulation degree is small, namely the Z coordinate change of the measuring point is small, the distance between the measuring positions is properly increased.

9. The road surface characteristic measuring method according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the step F, a plurality of equidistant base positions N1, N2 and N3 … … are measured by the horizontal laser range finder (10).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle testing, in particular to a road surface characteristic measuring device and method.

Background

With the increasing demand of consumers for automobile comfort, the production of comfortable automobiles becomes a trend of automobile enterprises. A comfortable vehicle should have good performance on various market pavements, which requires that enterprises need to have enough pavements for testing in the vehicle development stage. The size data of the road surface is very important no matter the front-stage CAE simulation or the rear-stage chassis adjustment.

Regular characteristic road surfaces such as deceleration strips, well covers, step roads and the like can be directly measured by using a ruler, but most road surfaces are long-wave road surfaces (small amplitude and large wavelength) and the undulation degree of the road surfaces cannot be directly measured, and the measurement of the road surface characteristics is generally realized by measuring three-dimensional coordinates of each point of the road surface and then establishing a three-dimensional model to judge the undulation degree of the road surface. The most common measurement method is road scanning. The long-wave road surface change amplitude is small, the coordinates scanned by the road surface are coordinates relative to the scanning equipment, and the scanning equipment coordinates change along with the road surface, so that the scanning result of the scanning equipment on the long-wave road surface is not accurate, and the scanning equipment is high in cost, complex in operation, difficult in data processing and relatively high in capital and time cost during road surface scanning.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a road surface characteristic measuring device and a method, which can accurately measure the road surface undulation degree and have convenient use and low manufacturing cost.

In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the utility model provides a road surface characteristic measuring device, is provided with receiving arrangement on horizontal laser range finder's the laser emission direction including installing the horizontal laser range finder on elevating system, and receiving arrangement includes the laser baffle, is provided with the perpendicular range unit who measures facula department on the laser baffle to the perpendicular distance in ground on the receiving arrangement.

In the scheme, the horizontal coordinate of the point to be measured is measured by the horizontal laser distance measuring instrument, the vertical coordinate of the point to be measured is measured by the vertical distance measuring device, so that the three-dimensional coordinate of the point to be measured can be obtained, and then the data can be led in to create the road model after the coordinates of the points to be measured are measured. The invention has the advantages of convenient operation, simple structure and low manufacturing cost.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the method of use of the invention.

Detailed Description

The utility model provides a road surface characteristic measuring device, is including installing horizontal laser range finder 10 on elevating system, is provided with receiving arrangement on horizontal laser range finder 10's the laser emission direction, and receiving arrangement includes laser baffle 20, is provided with the perpendicular range unit 30 of facula department to the ground perpendicular distance on the measuring laser baffle 20 on the receiving arrangement.

In the scheme, the distance measuring laser of the horizontal laser distance measuring instrument 10 is a straight line, the straight line can be set to be positioned on an X or Y coordinate, the Y or X coordinates of all measuring points right below the straight line are consistent with the point where the horizontal laser distance measuring instrument 10 is positioned, so that the three-dimensional coordinates of the measuring points can be obtained only by measuring the other horizontal coordinate and the vertical coordinate of the measuring points, the horizontal coordinate of the measuring points can be obtained by measuring the distance between the measuring points and a laser baffle plate by the horizontal laser distance measuring instrument, the vertical coordinate of the measuring points can be obtained by measuring the vertical distance between light spots on the laser baffle plate 20 and the ground by the vertical distance measuring device, the three-dimensional coordinates of the measuring points can be obtained, and then the coordinates of a plurality of measuring points are measured, and data can be led. The invention only needs to move the receiving device when measuring the coordinates of a plurality of measuring points on a straight line, and has the advantages of convenient operation, simple structure and low manufacturing cost.

A road surface characteristic measuring method comprises the following steps: A. selecting a base position N0, setting the coordinates of the base position N0 as 0, 0 and 0, and selecting a horizontal plane as an XY plane; B. leveling the horizontal laser range finder 10 and placing the horizontal laser range finder at a base position, and emitting ranging laser of the horizontal laser range finder 10 along the Y direction; C. placing the receiving device in the beam direction of the ranging laser, wherein a point on the ground right below a light spot on the laser baffle plate 20 is a measuring point A0 in the Y direction; D. the horizontal laser distance measuring instrument 10 measures the distance from the horizontal laser distance measuring instrument to the laser baffle plate 20 and reads the distance, wherein the reading is the Y coordinate of the point A0, the vertical distance measuring device 30 measures the vertical distance from the light spot on the laser baffle plate 20 to the ground and reads the distance, the Z coordinate of the point A0 is obtained through the reading, and the X coordinate of the point A0 is consistent with the point N0 and is 0; E. moving the receiving device along the Y direction, and repeating the step D to measure and record the coordinates of a plurality of measuring points B0, C0 and D0 … … in the Y direction; F. measuring and selecting a plurality of equidistant measurement base points N1, N2 and N3 … … in the X direction of the measurement base point N0; G. leveling the second horizontal laser range finder 10, aligning a horizontal positioning point below the second horizontal laser range finder with the point N1, relatively emitting ranging lasers of the two horizontal laser range finders 10, and adjusting the height of the second horizontal laser range finder 10 to enable the ranging lasers of the second horizontal laser range finder to coincide with the ranging lasers of the first horizontal laser range finder 10; H. rotating the second horizontal laser range finder 10 by 90 degrees to enable the range finding laser to emit to the Y direction, repeating the step C, D, E, and measuring and recording the coordinates of a plurality of measuring points B1, C1 and D1 … … on the Y direction of the measuring base point N1; I. the step G, H is repeated to measure and record the coordinates of all the measurement points and then create a road surface model from the three-dimensional coordinates of the measurement points.

The scheme is suitable for a straight vehicle test road surface, the curve can be decomposed into a plurality of straight line sections for measurement when the curve is measured, the Y direction in the invention is the road length direction, the X direction is the road width direction, and two horizontal laser range finders 10 and one receiving device are commonly used in the measurement method. The coordinates of the A0 point are measured according to the step A, B, C, D, and the three-dimensional coordinates are X_A0＝X_N0＝0,Y_A0Distance Z from the horizontal laser distance measuring device 10 to the laser baffle 20_A0Vertical distance from the horizontal laser rangefinder 10 to point N0-vertical distance from the spot on the laser baffle 20 to the ground. The coordinates of B0, C0 and D0 … … are obtained by the method, so that the coordinates of all the measuring points on a straight line can be obtained. Then, other base positions are selected in the X direction, the X coordinates of the other base positions are determined, the horizontal laser range finder 10 is placed on the other base positions, and the ranging light beams are emitted along the Y direction, so that the three-dimensional coordinates of all measuring points on the road surface can be measured, and the X coordinate of each measuring point is consistent with the X coordinate of the base position in the Y direction where the measuring point is located. The purpose of step G is to make all the horizontal laser range finders 10 at the same height, thus ensuring that all the measured Z coordinates are referenced at the same height, and the measured result is more accurate and convenient to calculate.

The receiving device comprises a level meter, and the plate surface direction of the laser baffle plate 20 is located in the vertical direction. Therefore, the board surface direction of the laser baffle 20 can be always positioned in the vertical direction by adjusting the horizontal position of the receiving device, so that the vertical distance measuring device 30 can be conveniently attached to the board surface to measure the vertical distance from the light spot to the ground.

The vertical distance measuring device 30 comprises a scale mark 31, and a plumb 32 is hung below the scale mark 31. That is, the vertical distance measuring device 30 is a plumb bob with scales, the plumb bob can ensure that the measured distance is always the vertical distance, and the plumb bob is simple and easy and has low cost.

The scale mark 31 is wound on the hand-cranking winding drum 40 at the upper end of the receiving device, and the axial direction of the hand-cranking winding drum 40 is consistent with the light beam direction of the horizontal laser range finder 10. Therefore, the plumb bob 32 can be lifted and lowered to be just contacted with the ground by rotating the hand-operated winding drum 40, and the use is more convenient.

A slide rail is arranged below the hand-cranking winding drum 40, and the hand-cranking winding drum 40 slides along the slide rail in the direction of the shaft core. Therefore, the scale mark 31 moves along with the hand-cranking winding drum 40 along the axial direction thereof to abut against the plate surface of the laser baffle plate 20, so that the measured vertical distance from the light spot on the plate surface of the laser baffle plate 20 to the ground is more accurate.

The lower end of the plumb 32 is provided with a pressure sensor. The plumb 32 is lowered into contact with the ground and the plumb 32 is slowly raised so that the pressure sensor reads 0, so that the position where the plumb 32 is just in contact with the ground, the measured vertical distance is more accurate.

When the road surface undulation degree is large, namely the Z coordinate change of the measuring point is large, the distance between the measuring positions is properly reduced, and when the road surface undulation degree is small, namely the Z coordinate change of the measuring point is small, the distance between the measuring positions is properly increased. The area with large road surface undulation degree is general, so that the number of points required to be measured is reduced, the measurement workload is reduced, and meanwhile, the measurement precision of the area with large road surface undulation degree is improved.

In step F, several equidistant base positions N1, N2, N3 … … are measured by the horizontal laser range finder 10. The distance measuring beam of the horizontal laser distance measuring instrument 10 can be shot to the X direction, and then the coordinates of the base positions N1, N2 and N3 … … are obtained through the step A, B, C, D, so that the measurement is simple, convenient and accurate without using additional equipment.