Magnetic field intensity measuring instrument
阅读说明：本技术 一种磁场强度测量仪 (Magnetic field intensity measuring instrument ) 是由 董志 于 2019-09-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种磁场强度测量仪,包括测量仪主体,所述测量仪主体内设有电源、开关、电阻R、电压表、铝块、程序片、处理器、电流表和显示器,电源、开关、电阻R、铝块和电流表依次串联形成闭合电路,电压表的两端与铝块上下两端的中部连接,电压表和电流表还均与处理器连接,处理器用于接收电压表和电流表的数据,程序片用于存储运算公式,并与处理器连接,所述显示器与处理器连接。与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果在于：结构新颖独特,对霍尔元件进行改装只需通过简单的对电压、电流的测量利用公式即可得到所在位置的磁场强度,既保证装置的可行性又降低测量装置的造价。(The invention provides a magnetic field intensity measuring instrument which comprises a measuring instrument main body, wherein a power supply, a switch, a resistor R, a voltmeter, an aluminum block, a program sheet, a processor, an ammeter and a display are arranged in the measuring instrument main body, the power supply, the switch, the resistor R, the aluminum block and the ammeter are sequentially connected in series to form a closed circuit, two ends of the voltmeter are connected with the middle parts of the upper end and the lower end of the aluminum block, the voltmeter and the ammeter are also connected with the processor, the processor is used for receiving data of the voltmeter and the ammeter, the program sheet is used for storing an operation formula and is connected with the processor, and the display is connected with the processor. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the novel structure is unique, and the hall element is modified by simply measuring voltage and current and obtaining the magnetic field intensity of the position by using a formula, so that the feasibility of the device is ensured, and the manufacturing cost of the measuring device is reduced.)
1. A magnetic field strength measuring instrument, characterized in that: including the measuring apparatu main part, be equipped with power (1), switch (2), resistance R1 (3), voltmeter (4), aluminium piece (5), procedure piece (6), treater (7), ampere meter (8) and display (9) in the measuring apparatu main part, power (1), switch (2), resistance R1 (3), aluminium piece (5) and ampere meter (8) are established ties in proper order and are formed closed circuit, the both ends of voltmeter (4) are connected with the middle part at both ends about aluminium piece (5), voltmeter (4) and ampere meter (8) still all are connected with treater (7), and treater (7) are used for receiving the data of voltmeter (4) and ampere meter (8), procedure piece (6) are used for storing the operation formula to be connected with treater (7), display (9) are connected with treater (7).
2. A magnetic field strength measuring instrument according to claim 1, wherein: the operation formula in the program slice (6) is as follows:
B=E*nes/I，
wherein E is the voltage of the upper and lower ends of the aluminum block measured by a voltmeter, n is the number of charges in unit volume of the aluminum block, E is the basic charge unit, s is the cross-sectional area, and I is the current measured by an ammeter.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of magnetic field intensity measurement, in particular to a magnetic field intensity measuring instrument.
Background
The development of modern teaching is closely related to teaching tools, and particularly in the aspect of physical teaching, general physical teaching equipment can measure physical quantities such as current, voltage and resistance, but the measurement of a magnetic field is difficult to realize, and the simple size and direction judgment can be carried out only through small scrap iron magnetic needles. Although tools for specially measuring the magnetic field intensity exist in the market, the cost is high, and the operation is complicated and is not suitable for students in the first and the middle schools.
In consideration of the simplicity of teaching required operation and the purchasing power of schools, the measuring device is used for refitting the Hall element, and the magnetic field intensity at the position can be obtained by simply measuring the voltage and the current by using a formula, so that the feasibility of the device is ensured, and the manufacturing cost of the measuring device is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention discloses a magnetic field intensity measuring instrument which not only ensures the feasibility of the device, but also reduces the manufacturing cost of the measuring device.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a magnetic field strength measuring instrument, characterized in that: including the measuring apparatu main part, be equipped with power, switch, resistance R, voltmeter, aluminium piece, procedure piece, treater, ampere meter and display in the measuring apparatu main part, power, switch, resistance R, aluminium piece and ampere meter establish ties in proper order and form closed circuit, the middle part at both ends is connected about the both ends and the aluminium piece of voltmeter, voltmeter and ampere meter still all are connected with the treater, and the treater is used for receiving the data of voltmeter and ampere meter, the procedure piece is used for the storage operation formula to be connected with the treater, the display is connected with the treater.
Further, the operation formula in the program slice is as follows:
B=E*nes/I，
wherein E is the voltage of the upper and lower ends of the aluminum block measured by a voltmeter, n is the number of charges in unit volume of the aluminum block, E is the basic charge unit, s is the cross-sectional area, and I is the current measured by an ammeter.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the novel structure is unique, and the hall element is modified by simply measuring voltage and current and obtaining the magnetic field intensity of the position by using a formula, so that the feasibility of the device is ensured, and the manufacturing cost of the measuring device is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic field strength measuring instrument according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of a magnetic field strength measuring instrument according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the working principle of the magnetic field intensity measuring instrument of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a force analysis diagram of electrons in an aluminum block moving along a horizontal straight line in a magnetic field strength measuring instrument according to the present invention.
List of reference numerals:
1-power supply, 2-switch, 3-resistance R1, 4-voltmeter, 5-aluminum block, 6-program slice, 7-processor, 8-ammeter, 9-display.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, which are to be understood as merely illustrative of the invention and not as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that the terms "front", "rear", "left" and "right" used in the following description refer to directions toward the lower right, upper left, lower left and upper right in the drawings, respectively, and the terms "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward or away from the geometric center of a specific component, respectively.
As shown in the figure, the magnetic field intensity measuring instrument comprises a measuring instrument main body, wherein a
In this embodiment, the operation formula in the slice is:
B=E*nes/I，
wherein E is the voltage of the upper and lower ends of the aluminum block measured by a voltmeter, n is the number of charges in unit volume of the aluminum block, E is the basic charge unit, s is the cross-sectional area, and I is the current measured by an ammeter.
The derivation of the operational formula in
from the relationship of current to material:
I=nesv
wherein n is the number of charges per unit volume, q is a charge amount, S is the cross-sectional area, and V is the normal velocity of the charges in the cross-sectional area;
the values of n and s are fixed due to the fixity of the material
V=I/nes
E=IB/nes
Not only is: b = E nes/I
The working principle of the invention is as follows: when the intensity of the magnetic field is measured, a measuring instrument is placed at the position q in the magnetic field (a magnetic field generated by the bar magnet shown in the third drawing exists in the space, three points q different from the position of the bar magnet exist in the magnetic field, m.n.q is the infinite distance from the bar magnet, n is a point slightly close to the bar magnet, and m is a point closest to the bar magnet), and a power switch is switched on; the voltmeter measures the potential difference between the top end and the bottom end of the aluminum block (the position of a binding post at the top end and the bottom end of the aluminum block is on a vertical line to ensure that voltage cannot be generated due to resistance), the ammeter measures the current in a circuit, the measured data is read by the processor and sent to the program slice, the program slice brings the sent current voltage into an internal formula B = E & ltnes/I (E is the voltage at the upper end and the lower end of the aluminum block measured by the voltmeter, n represents the number of charges in unit volume of the aluminum block, E represents the basic charge unit, and S represents the cross-sectional area) for operation, and the obtained data after the operation is read by the processor again and sent to the display. And the display displays the result obtained by the program slice, wherein the result is that the magnetic field intensity of the q position in the magnetic field B is the magnetic field intensity of the q point.
The magnetic field intensity measuring instrument is moved to a position slightly close to n of a magnetic field, free electrons in the whole circuit of the power switch are switched on and can move directionally, the measuring instrument is in the magnetic field b, so the electrons moving directionally can deflect to the top (bottom) end of the aluminum block when passing through the aluminum block, after a period of time, the Lorentz force applied to the electrons in the magnetic field and the repulsive force generated by the electrons moving to one end of the aluminum block after deflection reach balance (Hall law), the electrons do not deflect to the two ends of the aluminum block any more in horizontal movement, and the voltages at the upper end and the lower end of the aluminum block are a certain fixed value. The processor reads the values of the voltmeter and the ammeter and sends the values to the program slice for calculation, the same calculation result is returned to the processor and then sent to the display by the processor, and the value displayed on the display is the magnetic field intensity of the n point.
The device is moved from n points to m points closer to the bar magnet, the magnetic field intensity b is increased along with the movement of the positions, the Lorentz force applied to the electrons during the movement is increased, the balance force required by the horizontal movement of the electrons is correspondingly increased, the electrons gathered at the upper end and the lower end of the aluminum block are correspondingly increased, the voltage sent by the voltage processor is correspondingly increased, and the numerical value displayed by the display is also increased.
The technical means disclosed in the invention scheme are not limited to the technical means disclosed in the above embodiments, but also include the technical scheme formed by any combination of the above technical features. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and such improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of the present invention.
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