Control method, device and system of wind generating set and storage medium
阅读说明：本技术 风力发电机组的控制方法、装置和系统、存储介质 (Control method, device and system of wind generating set and storage medium ) 是由 杨娟霞 田萌 赵树椿 于 2018-06-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种风力发电机组的控制方法、装置和系统、存储介质。该风力发电机组的控制方法包括：根据当前风力发电机组的运行状态和当前环境的气象信息,判断是否需要对所述风力发电机组进行雨蚀控制；若需要对所述风力发电机组进行雨蚀控制,则根据所述气象信息,控制所述风力发电机组执行与所述风力发电机组的转速关联的雨蚀控制指令,以避免风力发电机组的叶片出现疲劳累计损伤。采用本发明实施例中的技术方案,能够基于气象数据对风力发电机组叶片进行雨蚀控制,不仅能够抵制叶片前缘腐蚀的现象,而且能够节约时间成本。(The invention discloses a control method, a control device and a control system of a wind generating set and a storage medium. The control method of the wind generating set comprises the following steps: judging whether rain erosion control needs to be carried out on the wind generating set or not according to the current running state of the wind generating set and the weather information of the current environment; and if the wind generating set needs to be subjected to rain erosion control, controlling the wind generating set to execute a rain erosion control instruction associated with the rotating speed of the wind generating set according to the meteorological information so as to avoid the blade of the wind generating set from fatigue accumulated damage. By adopting the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention, the rain erosion control can be carried out on the blade of the wind generating set based on meteorological data, the phenomenon of corrosion of the front edge of the blade can be resisted, and the time cost can be saved.)
1. A control method of a wind generating set is characterized by comprising the following steps:
judging whether rain erosion control needs to be carried out on the wind generating set or not according to the current running state of the wind generating set and the weather information of the current environment;
and if the wind generating set needs to be subjected to rain erosion control, controlling the wind generating set to execute a rain erosion control instruction associated with the rotating speed of the wind generating set according to the meteorological information so as to avoid the blade of the wind generating set from fatigue accumulated damage.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the weather information includes rainfall intensity, and the determining whether rain erosion control is required for the wind turbine generator system according to the current operating state of the wind turbine generator system and the weather information of the current environment comprises:
if the operating state comprises any one of the following states: in the standby state, the shutdown state and the maintenance state, the rain erosion control of the wind generating set is not needed;
if the running state comprises any one of a startup state and a power generation state and the rainfall intensity is lower than a preset intermediate rain threshold, rain erosion control on the wind generating set is not needed;
and if the running state comprises any one of the startup state and the power generation state and the rainfall intensity is not lower than the preset intermediate rain threshold, performing rain erosion control on the wind generating set.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the weather information includes rainfall intensity; the controlling the wind generating set to execute a raining control instruction related to the rotating speed of the wind generating set according to the meteorological information comprises the following steps:
if the rainfall intensity is higher than or equal to a preset middle rain threshold and lower than a preset rainstorm threshold, the rainerosion control instruction is a rotating speed limiting instruction;
and if the rainfall intensity is higher than the preset rainstorm threshold value, the raining control instruction is a shutdown instruction.
4. The method of claim 3,
if the rainfall intensity is higher than or equal to the preset middle rain threshold and lower than a preset heavy rain threshold, the rotating speed limiting instruction is to control the rotating speed to reduce by a first target percentage;
if the rainfall intensity is higher than or equal to the preset heavy rain threshold and lower than the preset heavy rain threshold, the rotating speed limiting instruction is to control the rotating speed to be reduced by a second target percentage, and the first target percentage is smaller than the second target percentage.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein said controlling said wind turbine generator system to execute a rain erosion control command associated with a rotational speed of said wind turbine generator system based on said meteorological information comprises:
and if the weather information is hail information, controlling the wind generating set to execute a shutdown instruction.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein while said controlling said wind turbine generator set to execute a rain erosion control command associated with a rotational speed of said wind turbine generator set based on said meteorological information, said method further comprises:
and adjusting the pitch angle of the blade of the wind generating set according to the rotating speed of the wind generating set and a preset safe relation between the rotating speed and the pitch angle.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein after said controlling said wind turbine generator system to execute a rain erosion control command associated with a rotational speed of said wind turbine generator system based on said meteorological information, said method further comprises:
acquiring power data of the wind generating set after the raining control instruction is executed;
and correcting the corresponding relation between the meteorological information and the rainfall erosion control command according to the power data and the target power data.
8. A control device of a wind generating set is characterized by comprising:
the judging module is used for judging whether rain erosion control needs to be carried out on the wind generating set or not according to the current running state of the wind generating set and the weather information of the current environment;
and the control module is used for controlling the wind generating set to execute a rain erosion control instruction associated with the rotating speed of the wind generating set according to the meteorological information if rain erosion control needs to be performed on the wind generating set so as to avoid fatigue accumulated damage of blades of the wind generating set.
9. The apparatus according to claim 8, further comprising an adjusting module for adjusting a pitch angle of a wind turbine blade according to the rotational speed of the wind turbine and a preset rotational speed-pitch angle safety relationship while controlling the wind turbine to execute a rain erosion control command associated with the rotational speed of the wind turbine according to the meteorological information.
10. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that it is provided in a main controller of the wind park or in a wind park controller to which the wind park belongs.
11. A control system of a wind park comprising a control device of a wind park according to any of claims 8-10.
12. A control device for a wind turbine generator system, comprising a memory, a processor and a program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the method of controlling a wind turbine generator system according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
13. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a program is stored, which program, when being executed by a processor, is adapted to carry out a method of controlling a wind park according to any one of claims 1-7.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation, in particular to a control method, a control device and a control system of a wind generating set and a storage medium.
Background
Offshore climate is changeable, and compared with a wind generating set arranged on a road, the offshore wind generating set puts higher requirements on the design of blades. For example, the linear speed of the tip of an offshore blade exceeds 80 meters (m)/second(s), and the blade runs in raindrops at high speed, so that the corrosion of the front edge is serious, the performance of the blade is affected, and the service life of the blade is even shortened.
At this stage, the corrosion phenomena of the leading edge of the blade are counteracted mainly by coating the blade with a protective layer. However, as the blade ages, the protective layer will progressively fail. For this reason, it takes time to monitor the status of the protection layer effectively, or to repair the failed protection layer in real time.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a control method, a control device and a control system of a wind generating set and a storage medium, which can be used for carrying out rain erosion control on blades of the wind generating set based on meteorological data, can resist the phenomenon of corrosion of the front edges of the blades, can save time and cost, and are very suitable for popularization and application in the industry.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a control method for a wind turbine generator system, where the control method includes:
judging whether rain erosion control needs to be carried out on the wind generating set or not according to the current running state of the wind generating set and the weather information of the current environment;
and if the wind generating set needs to be subjected to rain erosion control, controlling the wind generating set to execute a rain erosion control instruction associated with the rotating speed of the wind generating set according to the meteorological information so as to avoid the blade of the wind generating set from fatigue accumulated damage.
In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the weather information includes rainfall intensity, and the determining whether rain erosion control needs to be performed on the wind turbine generator system according to the current operating state of the wind turbine generator system and the weather information of the current environment includes: if the operating condition includes any one of the following conditions: in the standby state, the shutdown state and the maintenance state, rain erosion control on the wind generating set is not needed; if the running state comprises any one of the startup state and the power generation state and the rainfall intensity is lower than a preset middle rain threshold value, rain erosion control on the wind generating set is not needed; and if the running state comprises any one of the startup state and the power generation state and the rainfall intensity is not lower than the preset middle rain threshold, performing rain erosion control on the wind generating set.
In one possible embodiment of the first aspect, the weather information comprises rainfall intensity; controlling the wind generating set to execute a rain erosion control instruction associated with the rotating speed of the wind generating set according to the meteorological information, and the method comprises the following steps: if the rainfall intensity is higher than or equal to a preset middle rain threshold and lower than a preset rainstorm threshold, the rainerosion control instruction is a rotation limit instruction; and if the rainfall intensity is higher than a preset rainstorm threshold value, the rainwash control instruction is a shutdown instruction.
In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, if the rainfall intensity is higher than or equal to a preset middle rain threshold and lower than a preset heavy rain threshold, the rotation limiting instruction is to control the rotation speed to decrease by a first target percentage; if the rainfall intensity is higher than or equal to the preset heavy rain threshold and lower than the preset heavy rain threshold, the rotating speed limiting instruction is to control the rotating speed to reduce the second target percentage, and the first target percentage is smaller than the second target percentage.
In one possible embodiment of the first aspect, controlling the wind turbine generator system to execute a rain erosion control command associated with a rotational speed of the wind turbine generator system based on the meteorological information comprises: and if the weather information is hail information, controlling the wind generating set to execute a shutdown instruction.
In one possible implementation of the first aspect, while controlling the wind turbine generator system to execute the rain erosion control command associated with the rotation speed of the wind turbine generator system according to the weather information, the method further includes: and adjusting the pitch angle of the blade of the wind generating set according to the rotating speed of the wind generating set and a preset safe relation between the rotating speed and the pitch angle.
In one possible implementation of the first aspect, after controlling the wind turbine generator system to execute the rain erosion control command associated with the rotation speed of the wind turbine generator system according to the weather information, the method further comprises: acquiring power data of the wind generating set after the execution of the rain erosion control command is finished; and correcting the corresponding relation between the meteorological information and the erosion control command according to the power data and the target power data.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a control device for a wind turbine generator system, where the control device includes:
the judging module is used for judging whether the wind generating set needs to be subjected to rain erosion control or not according to the current running state of the wind generating set and the weather information of the current environment;
and the control module is used for controlling the wind generating set to execute a rain erosion control instruction associated with the rotating speed of the wind generating set according to the meteorological information if rain erosion control needs to be performed on the wind generating set so as to avoid fatigue accumulated damage of the blades of the wind generating set.
In a possible embodiment of the second aspect, the control device further comprises an adjusting module, configured to adjust the pitch angle of the wind turbine generator set blade according to the rotational speed of the wind turbine generator set and a preset rotational speed-pitch angle safety relationship while controlling the wind turbine generator set to execute the erosion control command associated with the rotational speed of the wind turbine generator set according to the meteorological information.
In one possible embodiment of the second aspect, the control device is provided in a master controller of the wind park or in a wind farm controller to which the wind park belongs.
In a third aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a control system for a wind turbine generator system, the system including a control apparatus for a wind turbine generator system as described above.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a control apparatus for a wind turbine generator system, including a memory, a processor, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, where the processor executes the program to implement the control method for the wind turbine generator system as described above.
In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a program is stored, the program, when executed by a processor, implementing the control method of the wind turbine generator system as described above.
As mentioned above, the embodiment of the invention mainly performs the rain erosion control on the wind generating set blade based on the meteorological data. The higher the rotating speed of the wind generating set is, the higher the speed of raindrops relative to the front edge of the blade is, the more serious the rain erosion effect is, and the blade is more easily damaged. Therefore, by executing the erosion control command related to the rotation speed of the wind turbine generator system, the speed of the raindrops relative to the front edge of the blade can be reduced, the erosion effect of the raindrops on the front edge of the blade can be reduced, and the damage to the blade can be reduced.
Compared with the prior art in which the blade leading edge protective layer is used, the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention for reducing the risk of the blade rain erosion by adjusting the control strategy has the advantages of short development period, time cost saving, flexible and convenient control and suitability for popularization and application in the industry.
Drawings
The present invention will be better understood from the following description of specific embodiments thereof taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like or similar reference characters designate like or similar features.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a control method of a wind turbine generator system according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view illustrating an installation of a rainfall sensor according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a control method of a wind turbine generator system according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a motor torque-speed control curve of a wind turbine according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a speed reduction curve of a wind turbine generator system according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a control device of a wind turbine generator system according to a sixth embodiment of the invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a control device of a wind turbine generator system according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will be described in detail below. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a control method, a control device and a control system of a wind generating set and a storage medium, which are used for treating the corrosion phenomenon of the front edge of a blade of the wind generating set. Different from coating a protective layer on the surface of the blade, the embodiment of the invention can control the rain erosion of the blade of the wind generating set in real time based on meteorological data to achieve the aim of resisting the corrosion of the front edge of the blade, thereby saving time and cost and being very suitable for popularization and application in the industry.
Studies have shown that the nature of rain erosion (i.e. rain erosion) of the blade surface is fatigue accumulation damage of the surface material. There are mainly two stages of raindrops striking a solid surface:
the first stage is the surface with little mass loss, called the damage latency;
the second phase is when the number of raindrop impacts accumulates to a certain amount, and the surface begins to show a steady loss of mass, called the steady damage period.
When the surface has mass loss, namely the number N of the raindrops which can be born in unit area in the damage latency periodiComprises the following steps:
wherein S represents the solid strength in MPa; p represents raindrop impact pressure in MPa; d represents the raindrop diameter in m;tensile strength in MPa for solids; b represents the absolute value of the solid fatigue decay index; v represents the poisson's ratio of the solid material; rhoLExpressed as raindrop density in kg/m3；ρSExpressed as solid density in kg/m3；CLRepresenting the sound velocity in water in m/s; cSRepresents the sound velocity in the solid, in m/s; v represents the velocity of the raindrops relative to the solid surface in m/s.
Combining the formula (1) to the formula (3), it can be known that the larger the velocity V of the raindrops relative to the solid surface, the larger the raindrop impact pressure P, and the number N of raindrops which can be borne in unit area during the damage latency periodiThe less. In contrast, if the relative speed V is reduced by 10%, the number of received raindrops can be increased by 80%.
That is, the higher the rotation speed of the wind turbine generator system, the higher the speed of raindrops relative to the leading edge of the blade, the more severe the rain erosion effect, and the more easily the blade is damaged. Therefore, the invention develops a rotating speed control scheme for coping with the rain erosion of the blades of the wind driven generator.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a control method of a wind turbine generator system according to a first embodiment of the present invention, for resisting the rain erosion effect of the leading edge of the blade. As shown in fig. 1, the wind turbine generator system control method includes step 101 and step 102.
In step 101, it is determined whether rain erosion control is required for the wind turbine generator system according to the current operating state of the wind turbine generator system and the weather information of the current environment.
The running states of the wind generating set comprise different states such as standby, starting, generating, stopping, maintaining and the like. The weather information includes rainfall intensity, i.e., rainfall amount per unit time. According to the rainfall in unit time, the rainfall intensity can be divided into rainfall grades such as light rain, medium rain, heavy rain and heavy rain. Typically, the weather information also includes hail information.
In an optional embodiment, the determining process of the rain erosion control in step 101 specifically includes:
if the operating condition includes any one of the following conditions: in the standby state, the shutdown state and the maintenance state, the rain erosion control of the wind generating set is not needed.
If the operation state comprises any one of the startup state and the power generation state and the rainfall intensity is lower than the preset intermediate rain threshold value, the wind generating set does not need to be subjected to rain erosion control.
And if the running state comprises any one of the startup state and the power generation state and the rainfall intensity is not lower than the preset middle rain threshold, performing rain erosion control on the wind generating set.
In step 102, if the wind generating set needs to be controlled by rain erosion, the wind generating set is controlled to execute a rain erosion control instruction associated with the rotating speed of the wind generating set according to the meteorological information, so as to avoid fatigue accumulated damage of the blades of the wind generating set.
As mentioned above, the embodiment of the invention mainly performs the rain erosion control on the wind generating set blade based on the meteorological data. The higher the rotating speed of the wind generating set is, the higher the speed of raindrops relative to the front edge of the blade is, the more serious the rain erosion effect is, and the blade is more easily damaged. Therefore, by executing the erosion control command related to the rotation speed of the wind turbine generator system, the speed of the raindrops relative to the front edge of the blade can be reduced, the erosion effect of the raindrops on the front edge of the blade can be reduced, and the damage to the blade can be reduced.
Compared with the prior art in which the blade leading edge protective layer is used, the technical scheme for reducing the risk of the blade rain erosion by adjusting the control strategy in the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of short development period, time and cost saving, flexible and convenient control and suitability for popularization and application in the industry.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view illustrating an installation of a rainfall sensor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
The
During actual installation, the installation position of the
For one wind power plant, the wind generating sets in the wind power plant can be grouped, and the flagship set is selected to install the
Fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a control method of a wind turbine generator system according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3 differs from fig. 1 in that step 102 in fig. 1 can be subdivided into steps 1021 and 1022 in fig. 3.
In step 1021, if the rainfall intensity is higher than or equal to the preset middle rain threshold and lower than the preset rainstorm threshold, the rainwash control command may be a speed limit command.
Specifically, if the rainfall intensity is higher than or equal to a preset middle rain threshold and lower than a preset heavy rain threshold, the rotation speed limiting instruction is to control the rotation speed to decrease by a first target percentage. If the rainfall intensity is higher than or equal to the preset heavy rain threshold and lower than the preset heavy rain threshold, the rotating speed limiting instruction is to control the rotating speed to reduce the second target percentage, and the first target percentage is smaller than the second target percentage.
In step 1022, if the rainfall intensity is higher than the preset rainstorm threshold, the raindrop control command may be a shutdown command.
It should be noted that, the preset mid-rain threshold < the preset heavy rain threshold.
In an optional embodiment, if the weather information is hail information, the wind generating set is controlled to execute a shutdown command.
In an alternative embodiment, the execution subject of step 102 may include two parts, a rain erosion risk decision maker and a rain erosion controller. The rain erosion risk controller is pre-stored with corresponding relations between meteorological information, unit state information and risk levels; the rain erosion controller is pre-stored with the relationship between the risk level and the fan control scheme.
During actual operation, collected meteorological information and unit state information can be input into a rain erosion risk decision maker, the rain erosion risk decision maker gives a risk level, and then the rain erosion controller sends a corresponding control scheme to the fan control system according to the risk level. Such as:
(1) when the wind generating set is in a standby state, a shutdown state or a maintenance state, the rainerosion risk decision maker outputs a risk grade of 0, and the rainerosion controller is not activated;
(2) when the wind generating set operates in a starting or generating state, different control strategies are obtained according to the rainfall intensity detected by the rainfall sensor 201:
a1, if the rainfall intensity is light rain (the rainfall in unit time is less than a1mm/min), the output risk level of the rain erosion risk decision device is 0, and the rain erosion controller is not activated;
a2, when the rainfall intensity is medium rain (the rainfall in unit time is [ a1, a2) mm/min), the rainerosion risk decision-making device outputs a risk level of 1, the rainerosion controller outputs a speed limit instruction, and the rated speed is reduced by 10%;
a2, if the rainfall intensity is heavy rain (the rainfall in unit time is [ a2, a3) mm/min), the rainerosion risk decision-making device outputs a risk level of 2, the rainerosion controller outputs a speed limit instruction, and the rated speed is reduced by 20%;
a3, when the rainfall intensity is rainstorm (the rainfall in unit time is greater than or equal to a3mm/min), the rainerosion risk decision maker outputs a risk grade of 3, and the rainerosion controller outputs a shutdown instruction.
And A3, detecting hail, wherein the risk level is 3, and the rain erosion controller outputs a shutdown instruction.
As described above, the embodiment of the present invention implements risk assessment on the unit by combining the operation state of the unit and the detected meteorological conditions, and then adopts a corresponding control scheme for the unit according to the assessed risk level, thereby having the advantages of strong pertinence and high control accuracy.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a torque-rotation speed control curve of a motor of a wind turbine generator according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. The abscissa represents the rotating speed of the wind generating set, and the ordinate represents the torque of the motor of the wind generating set.
As shown in fig. 4, when the wind turbine generator operates at a point P1, the rotation speed of the wind turbine generator is at the rated rotation speed Wr, and when it is detected that the current rainfall intensity is heavy rain, the rainfall intensity is analyzed by a rain erosion risk decision maker, and a rotation speed limit control strategy is given: and reducing the rotating speed of the wind generating set from Wr to W' r, and finally stably operating at a point P2. Compared with the point P1, the linear speed of the blade tip at the point P2 is reduced, the risk of corrosion of the blade is reduced, the aerodynamic performance of the blade is protected, the long-term excellent power curve of the wind generating set is ensured, and the service life of the blade is prolonged.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a speed reduction curve of a wind turbine generator system according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. Wherein the abscissa represents time and the ordinate represents the rotational speed of the wind turbine. As shown in fig. 5, the rotation speed of the wind turbine generator system is reduced from Wr to W' r at a certain rate.
It should be noted that, a person skilled in the art may set the reduction value and the reduction mode of the rotation speed according to actual needs, including a constant speed reduction or a variable speed reduction, and the present invention is not limited herein.
In an alternative embodiment, considering that there may be a risk of stall as the tip speed ratio (ratio of linear tip speed to wind speed) decreases from point P1 to point P2, the pitch angle of the wind turbine blades may be adjusted according to the rotational speed of the wind turbine and a preset speed-to-pitch angle safety relationship. The preset safety relationship between the rotating speed and the pitch angle can be the safety relationship between the wind speed, the rotating speed and the pitch angle provided by a blade manufacturer.
In an optional embodiment, power data of the wind generating set after the execution of the rain erosion control command is finished can be acquired; and then, according to the power data and the target power data, correcting the corresponding relation between the meteorological information and the rain erosion control instruction to achieve the purpose of optimizing the rain erosion control effect.
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