阅读说明：本技术 一种污泥基生物炭掺和猪粪堆肥料制备方法 (preparation method of sludge-based biochar-doped pig manure compost ) 是由 郑育毅 柯壹红 刘常青 吴春山 孙启元 王菲凤 刘文伟 谢蓉蓉 汪清环 高滢 郭 于 2019-10-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种污泥基生物炭掺和猪粪堆肥料制备方法。该方法首先将市政污泥经浓缩,调质,脱水,加入超高温堆肥复合菌种混掺,制成堆肥半成品；另取市政污泥经自然风干、烘干、破碎后放入热解炉中热解,得到污泥热解粉末,再经盐酸浸泡去离子水浸泡清洗20min,过滤后烘干制成污泥基生物炭；将晒干粉碎后的猪粪、堆肥半成品及污泥基生物炭按照4:10-16:1的重量份配比掺混,调节含水率在45-60%之间进行二次堆肥,获得抗生素含量有效削减的污泥基生物炭掺和猪粪堆肥料。本发明所述的方法,有效削减了猪粪中抗生素含量,猪粪中抗生素总量为近700mg/kg,有效削减至25mg/kg以下,实现“以废治废”的理念。(The invention relates to a preparation method of a sludge-based biochar-doped pig manure compost. The method comprises the steps of firstly, concentrating, tempering and dehydrating municipal sludge, adding ultrahigh-temperature compost composite strains for mixing, and preparing a compost semi-finished product; naturally drying, drying and crushing municipal sludge, putting the sludge into a pyrolysis furnace for pyrolysis to obtain sludge pyrolysis powder, soaking and cleaning the sludge pyrolysis powder in hydrochloric acid soaking deionized water for 20min, filtering and drying the sludge pyrolysis powder to prepare sludge-based biochar; mixing the dried and crushed pig manure, the compost semi-finished product and the sludge-based biochar according to the weight ratio of 4:10-16:1, adjusting the water content to be 45-60%, and performing secondary composting to obtain the sludge-based biochar with the effectively reduced antibiotic content and the pig manure compost. The method effectively reduces the antibiotic content in the pig manure, the total antibiotic content in the pig manure is nearly 700mg/kg, the total antibiotic content is effectively reduced to be below 25mg/kg, and the concept of treating wastes with wastes is realized.)

1. A preparation method of sludge-based biochar mixed with pig manure compost is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) Preparation of compost semi-finished product

Municipal sludge is concentrated, tempered and then filter-pressed and dehydrated by a high-pressure plate frame until the water content is less than or equal to 60 percent; adding ultra-high temperature compost composite strains for mixing to prepare a compost semi-finished product;

2) Preparation of sludge-based biochar

Naturally drying, drying and crushing municipal sludge, and putting the sludge into a pyrolysis furnace for pyrolysis to obtain sludge pyrolysis powder;

Soaking sludge pyrolytic powder in 1mol/L hydrochloric acid for 5min, soaking in deionized water, stirring, cleaning for 20min, filtering, and oven drying at 105 deg.C to obtain sludge-based biochar;

3) Preparation of pig manure compost

Sun drying pig manure and pulverizing;

Mixing the dried and crushed pig manure, the compost semi-finished product and the sludge-based biochar according to the weight ratio of 4:10-16:1, adjusting the water content to 45-60%, performing secondary composting, and obtaining the sludge-based biochar-doped pig manure compost with the effectively reduced antibiotic content after 20-25 days.

2. The method for preparing the sludge-based biochar-blended pig manure compost according to claim 1, characterized in that 20-30% of the weight of the ultrahigh-temperature compost strain added in the step 1) is 20-30% of the weight of the semi-dry sludge, and the composting time is 30-35 days.

3. the method for preparing the sludge-based biochar-doped pig manure compost as claimed in claim 1, wherein the drying and crushing in the step 2) are carried out at a drying temperature of 105 ℃, and the crushed manure is sieved by a 200-mesh sieve.

4. The method for preparing the sludge-based biochar-blended pig manure compost as claimed in claim 1, wherein said pyrolysis in step 2) is carried out under the conditions that: a nitrogen environment; the pyrolysis temperature is between 400 ℃ and 600 ℃, and the pyrolysis time is 2-3 h.

5. The method for preparing the sludge-based biochar-blended pig manure compost according to claim 1, characterized in that the ultra-high temperature compost strain in the step 1) is an equivalent compound of archaea, pyrenophora, pyrobacium, schotter, methanopyrus and pyrococcus.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of pig manure composting, in particular to a preparation method of a sludge-based biochar mixed pig manure compost, which utilizes a post-finished product of municipal sludge composting as an auxiliary aggregate and is mixed with sludge-based biochar. The method effectively reduces the antibiotics of the compost in the combined compost taking pig manure of intensive pig farms as the main material.

Technical Field

In intensive pig farms, antibiotics are used in large amounts for the prevention and treatment of animal diseases, most of which are water-soluble and have a low adsorption and utilization rate in animal intestinal tracts, resulting in about 80% of the antibiotics being finally discharged out of the body along with pig manure. Improper treatment of pig manure and large amount of residual antibiotics can cause compound pollution to the environment, so that the full and effective reduction of the antibiotics in the pig manure is very important and urgent. At present, the degradation methods of antibiotics in pig manure mainly comprise aerobic composting and anaerobic fermentation, but the degradation systems of the antibiotics in the pig manure still have a series of problems, such as low degradation rate of common antibiotics, poor degradation effect of persistent antibiotics, incomplete methods for screening and adding microbial agents with strong degradation capability to enhance the degradation of the antibiotics, and the like.

Generally, when materials such as sludge or pig manure are composted, auxiliary materials such as straws and straws are usually mixed to adjust the water content and the carbon-nitrogen ratio C/N of the materials. The functional bacteria playing a main role in the composting process are certain aerobic microorganisms, and the aerobic microorganisms have certain requirements on factors such as heap temperature, oxygen, substrates and the like in the metabolism process. During composting, the oxygen content of the heap is typically increased by manual turning or aeration, for example, but these oxygenates will destroy the temperature of the heap required for bacterial growth and, to some extent, the oxygen supply to the heap and the temperature maintenance. After the compost of the material is thoroughly decomposed, the moisture content can be effectively reduced, the reduction is realized, harmful pathogen microorganisms, parasites, ova and the like in the material can be killed, and organic matters such as antibiotics and the like in the material are degraded, so that the material is mineralized, harmless, humus and the like. Meanwhile, the decomposed materials can be used as fertilizer for agriculture and forestry while achieving the harmless standard.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an efficient and economic pig manure composting method, which adopts a semi-finished product formed by composting municipal sludge through an ultrahigh-temperature composting process as an auxiliary aggregate and a strain source, is assisted by doping sludge-based biochar, and adopts pig manure as a main material to carry out combined composting so as to further reduce the content of antibiotics in the pig manure, thereby solving the problem of pig manure out-of-road and realizing the treatment of waste by waste.

The processing method comprises the following steps:

1) Preparation of compost semi-finished product

Municipal sludge is concentrated, tempered and then filter-pressed and dehydrated by a high-pressure plate frame until the water content is less than or equal to 60 percent; adding 20-30% of ultrahigh-temperature compost composite strain into the half-dried sludge, mixing, and preparing a compost semi-finished product after 30-35 days.

2) Preparation of sludge-based biochar

And naturally drying municipal sludge, drying in a drying oven at 105 ℃, crushing, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, putting the obtained sludge powder into a pyrolysis furnace in a nitrogen environment, and pyrolyzing for 2-3h at the temperature of 400-600 ℃ to obtain sludge pyrolysis powder.

soaking the sludge pyrolytic powder in 1mol/L hydrochloric acid for 5min, then soaking in deionized water, stirring and cleaning for 20min, filtering, and drying in a 105 ℃ oven to obtain the sludge-based biochar.

3) Preparation of pig manure compost

Sun drying pig manure and pulverizing.

Mixing the dried and crushed pig manure, the compost semi-finished product and the sludge-based biochar according to the weight ratio of 4:10-16:1, adjusting the water content to 45-60%, performing secondary composting, and obtaining the sludge-based biochar-doped pig manure compost with the effectively reduced antibiotic content after 20-25 days.

The conditioning refers to a Polyacrylamide (PAM) flocculation reaction which is added before the conventional municipal sludge is dewatered.

The ultra-high temperature compost composite strains refer to the equivalent composite of archaea, pyretobacter, pyrobacium, schoenopterium, pyroxylum and pyrococcus, and the strains of the genus purchased are all purchased from commercially qualified products.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

By utilizing the method for the combined composting of the pig manure, the sludge compost semi-finished product and the sludge-based biochar, the content of antibiotics in the pig manure is effectively reduced, the total amount of the antibiotics in the pig manure is nearly 700mg/kg, the content is effectively reduced to be below 25mg/kg, the environmental risk of land utilization is reduced, the treatment and disposal of the sludge and the pig manure are facilitated, the purchase cost of auxiliary materials is saved, and the concept of treating waste by waste is realized;

The ultra-high temperature flora brought by the semi-finished product of the municipal sludge composting can work at 90-120 ℃, so that higher temperature in the composting process can be maintained, the composting quality is improved, and meanwhile, the ultra-high temperature flora can degrade antibiotics in pig manure more efficiently in a composting environment with higher temperature; after the pig manure is jointly composted by the method of the embodiment, the antibiotic residual quantity is 661.2mg/kg which is totally removed, and the removal rate is 97.04%.

The doped sludge-based biochar not only serves as a carrier of the ultra-high temperature flora, but also has a large specific surface area, can adsorb and enrich antibiotics, better realizes the degradation of the ultra-high temperature flora to the antibiotics, and obtains higher degradation efficiency.

Detailed Description

The following examples further illustrate the practice of the present invention and are intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.