阅读说明：本技术 季磷盐-二维材料复合润滑添加剂及制备方法及使用方法及工业润滑油 (quaternary phosphonium salt-two-dimensional material composite lubricating additive, preparation method and use method thereof, and industrial lubricating oil ) 是由 樊小强 甘超亮 梁婷 韩泽勇 *** 于 2019-07-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种季磷盐-二维材料复合润滑添加剂及制备方法及使用方法及工业润滑油,该制备方法包括以下步骤：A1：将季磷盐离子液体和二维材料按照预设比例混合加入到研磨设备；A2：利用研磨设备对季磷盐离子液体和二维材料混合物进行研磨,且研磨过程中二维材料的片层结构保持完整。本发明提供的季磷盐-二维材料复合润滑添加剂的制备方法,仅仅对季磷盐离子液体和二维材料粉末混合物进行简单研磨,便可制得分散稳定性极佳、摩擦学性能优异的复合润添加剂。(the invention discloses a quaternary phosphonium salt-two-dimensional material composite lubricating additive, a preparation method, a using method and industrial lubricating oil, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: a1: mixing the quaternary phosphonium salt ionic liquid and the two-dimensional material according to a preset proportion, and adding the mixture into grinding equipment; a2: and grinding the mixture of the quaternary phosphonium salt ionic liquid and the two-dimensional material by using grinding equipment, wherein the lamellar structure of the two-dimensional material is kept complete in the grinding process. According to the preparation method of the quaternary phosphonium salt-two-dimensional material composite lubricant additive, provided by the invention, the composite lubricant additive with excellent dispersion stability and excellent tribological performance can be prepared only by simply grinding the mixture of the quaternary phosphonium salt ionic liquid and the two-dimensional material powder.)

1. The preparation method of the quaternary phosphonium salt-two-dimensional material composite lubricating additive is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

A1: mixing the quaternary phosphonium salt ionic liquid and the two-dimensional material according to a preset proportion, and adding the mixture into grinding equipment;

A2: and grinding the mixture of the quaternary phosphonium salt ionic liquid and the two-dimensional material by using grinding equipment, wherein the lamellar structure of the two-dimensional material is kept complete in the grinding process.

2. the preparation method of the quaternary phosphonium salt-two-dimensional material composite lubricating additive as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ratio of the volume (mL) of the quaternary phosphonium salt ionic liquid to the mass (mg) of the two-dimensional material is 1: 1000-1: 100.

3. The method for preparing the quaternary phosphonium salt-two-dimensional material composite lubricant additive according to claim 1, wherein the step A2 is implemented by grinding the mixture of the quaternary phosphonium salt ionic liquid and the two-dimensional material by using a grinding device and mixing uniformly.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the quaternary phosphonium salt-two-dimensional material composite lubricant additive is an oil soluble ionic liquid containing phosphorus in the anion or cation.

5. The method of making a quaternary phosphonium salt-two-dimensional material composite lubricant additive of claim 1, wherein the two-dimensional material is selected from the group consisting of: one or more of graphene, boron nitride, transition metal sulfide, carbide, nitride, carbonitride.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the milling equipment comprises manual milling equipment and mechanical milling equipment.

7. a quaternary phosphonium salt-two-dimensional material composite lubricant additive, wherein the composite lubricant additive is prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The quaternary phosphonium salt-two-dimensional material composite lubricating additive is characterized by being a physical mixture of quaternary phosphonium salt ionic liquid and a two-dimensional material, wherein the ratio of the volume (mL) of the quaternary phosphonium salt ionic liquid to the mass (mg) of the two-dimensional material is 1: 1000-1: 100.

9. The use method of the quaternary phosphonium salt-two-dimensional material composite lubricating additive is characterized in that the composite lubricating additive is mixed with industrial lubricating oil, so that the mass ratio of the composite lubricating additive is 0-2 wt%.

10. An industrial lubricating oil comprising the composite lubricating additive according to claim 7 or 8 in an amount of 0 to 2 wt%.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of application of lubricating materials, and particularly relates to a quaternary phosphonium salt-two-dimensional material composite lubricating additive, a preparation method and a use method thereof, and industrial lubricating oil.

Background

two-dimensional materials (such as graphene, boron nitride, transition metal sulfides, carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides) have proven to have excellent tribological properties, but have poor dispersion stability in base oil and are prone to agglomeration and precipitation, which greatly limits the practical application of two-dimensional materials in lubricating oils. In addition, with the development of mechanical equipment towards rapidity and heavy load, the single two-dimensional material as an oil additive cannot meet the requirements of the mechanical equipment on the bearing and antifriction and antiwear performances of the lubricant. Therefore, how to improve the compatibility between the two-dimensional material and the lubricating oil and improve the bearing capacity of the two-dimensional material lubricating system becomes a common problem in the industry.

In recent years, scholars and engineers at home and abroad use surface modifiers and active agents (such as oleic acid, oleylamine, polydopamine, aminoazobenzene, phenylenediamine and aryldiazo) to prepare a series of functionalized two-dimensional materials, and the functionalized two-dimensional materials show good dispersibility in water, organic reagents and base oil. The introduction of the surface modifier and the active agent improves the compatibility of the two-dimensional material and the solvent, but the surface modifier and the active agent have poor lubricating performance, so the surface modifier and the active agent cannot generate good synergistic lubricating effect with the two-dimensional material, and the requirement of mechanical equipment on the performance of the lubricating agent cannot be met under severe working conditions. In addition, the introduced modifying reagent is harmful to the environment and human body, and does not accord with the environmental protection idea advocated by the nation and the society.

The ionic liquid is green and environment-friendly liquid molten salt and has good physical and chemical properties and lubricating property. Therefore, the ionic liquid functionalized two-dimensional material has a great application prospect as a lubricating additive. The most common imidazole ionic liquid is often used for preparing and modifying two-dimensional materials, but due to the inherent polarity, the modified two-dimensional materials can only be dispersed in water or polar oil (polyethylene glycol), and most of alkane (mineral oil) and olefin (poly-alpha olefin) base oil used in the industry are nonpolar oils, so that the imidazole ionic liquid modified two-dimensional material additive is difficult to realize wide application. Therefore, a modified two-dimensional material composite lubricating additive which has excellent dispersion stability in non-polarity and obvious synergistic lubricating effect is needed.

Disclosure of Invention

the invention aims to provide a quaternary phosphonium salt-two-dimensional material composite lubricating additive which has excellent dispersibility in industrial oil and excellent tribological performance and simultaneously realizes the synergistic lubrication of quaternary phosphonium salt ionic liquid and a two-dimensional material;

The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the quaternary phosphonium salt-two-dimensional material composite lubricant additive, the method can prepare the composite lubricant additive with excellent dispersion stability and excellent tribological property only by simple grinding, the method is simple, the cost is lower, the environment is protected, and the method can be industrially produced in batch;

The third purpose of the invention is to provide a method for using the quaternary phosphonium salt-two-dimensional material composite lubricant additive;

A fourth object of the present invention is to provide an industrial lubricating oil capable of maintaining stable lubricating performance under severe environments.

In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

A preparation method of a quaternary phosphonium salt-two-dimensional material composite lubricating additive comprises the following steps:

a1: mixing the quaternary phosphonium salt ionic liquid and the two-dimensional material according to a preset proportion, and adding the mixture into grinding equipment;

a2: and grinding the mixture of the quaternary phosphonium salt ionic liquid and the two-dimensional material by using grinding equipment, wherein the lamellar structure of the two-dimensional material is kept complete in the grinding process.

preferably, the ratio of the volume (ml) of the quaternary phosphonium salt ionic liquid to the mass (mg) of the two-dimensional material is 1: 1000-1: 100.

preferably, in the step a2, the quaternary phosphonium salt ionic liquid and the two-dimensional material mixture are ground and uniformly mixed by using a grinding device.

Preferably, the quaternary phosphonium salt ionic liquid is an oil-soluble ionic liquid containing phosphorus in the anion or cation.

Preferably, the two-dimensional material is selected from: one or more of graphene, boron nitride, transition metal sulfide, carbide, nitride, and carbonitride.

Preferably, the grinding apparatus comprises a manual grinding apparatus and a mechanical grinding apparatus.

The invention also provides a quaternary phosphonium salt-two-dimensional material composite lubricating additive prepared by the preparation method in the embodiment.

The invention also provides a quaternary phosphonium salt-two-dimensional material composite lubricating additive which is a physical mixture of quaternary phosphonium salt ionic liquid and a two-dimensional material, wherein the ratio of the volume (ml) of the quaternary phosphonium salt ionic liquid to the mass (mg) of the two-dimensional material is 1: 1000-1: 100.

The invention also provides a using method of the quaternary phosphonium salt-two-dimensional material composite lubricating additive, and the composite lubricating additive is mixed with industrial lubricating oil, so that the mass ratio of the composite lubricating additive is 0-2 wt%.

The invention also provides industrial lubricating oil which contains the composite lubricating additive in the embodiment, and the mass percentage of the composite lubricating additive is 0-2 wt%.

Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and positive effects:

According to the preparation method of the quaternary phosphonium salt-two-dimensional material composite lubricant additive, provided by the invention, the composite lubricant additive with excellent dispersion stability and excellent tribological performance can be prepared only by simply grinding the mixture of the quaternary phosphonium salt ionic liquid and the two-dimensional material powder. According to the invention, the quaternary phosphonium salt ionic liquid is adopted to modify the two-dimensional material, so that the dispersion stability of the two-dimensional material is improved, and the synergistic lubrication of the quaternary phosphonium salt ionic liquid and the two-dimensional material is realized. Particularly under severe working conditions, compared with base oil and common two-dimensional material lubricating oil, the quaternary phosphorus salt-two-dimensional material composite lubricating additive can greatly reduce the friction coefficient and effectively avoid the seizure of mechanical moving parts. The method has low requirement on equipment, is simple to operate, has an environment-friendly preparation process, can realize rapid and batch production, meets the national advocated low-carbon, energy-saving and environment-friendly requirements and the requirements of enterprises on high efficiency and low cost, and greatly promotes the application of the two-dimensional additive in the field of lubricating oil.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a structural formula of two typical quaternary phosphonium salt ionic liquids;

FIG. 2 is a photograph of 0.5 wt% graphene lube oil (left) and 0.5 wt% quaternary phosphonium salt-graphene lube oil (right) after sonication for 20 min;

FIG. 3 is a photograph of 0.5 wt% graphene lube oil (left) and 0.5 wt% quaternary phosphonium salt-graphene lube oil (right) after standing for one month;

FIG. 4 is a transmission oil base oil extreme pressure performance curve;

FIG. 5 is a 0.5 wt% graphene lubricating oil extreme pressure performance curve;

FIG. 6 is a 0.5 wt% quaternary phosphonium salt-graphene lubricating oil extreme pressure performance curve;

FIG. 7 is a plot of friction coefficients for a transmission oil base stock, 0.5 wt% quaternary phosphonium salt lubricant, 0.5 wt% graphene lubricant, and 0.5 wt% quaternary phosphonium salt-graphene lubricant at 100N, 25Hz, 25 deg.C;

FIG. 8 is a friction coefficient curve of a transmission oil base oil, 0.5 wt% graphene lubricating oil and 0.5 wt% quaternary phosphonium salt-graphene lubricating oil under 100N, 25Hz, 100 deg.C conditions;

FIG. 9 is a graph of the coefficient of friction of a 0.5 wt% quaternary phosphonium salt-graphene lubricant at 100N, 25Hz, 100 ℃.

Detailed Description

The quaternary phosphonium salt-two-dimensional material composite lubricating additive, the preparation method and the use method thereof and the industrial lubricating oil provided by the invention are further described in detail by combining the attached drawings and the specific embodiment. Advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description and from the claims.

It should be noted that two-dimensional materials (such as graphene, boron nitride, transition metal sulfide, boron nitride, carbide, nitride, and carbonitride) have been demonstrated to have excellent tribological properties, but their dispersion stability in base oil is poor and they are prone to agglomeration and precipitation, which greatly limits the practical application of two-dimensional materials in lubricating oils. Therefore, how to improve the compatibility between the two-dimensional material and the lubricating oil and improve the bearing capacity of the two-dimensional material lubricating system becomes a common problem in the industry.