阅读说明：本技术 一种规模化滨海盐碱地垦造进排路一体化施工方法 (Large-scale coastal saline-alkali soil reclamation and route entry and drainage integrated construction method ) 是由 付力成 屠炯炯 谢达聪 庄定云 于 2019-07-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种规模化滨海盐碱地垦造进排路一体化施工方法,包括以下步骤：将盐碱地分成若干个单位区块,再将单位区块分割成条田；在条田下方铺设进排路一体化系统；在单位区块一侧开挖进水河道,另一侧开挖排水河道。本发明具有以下优点和效果：通过将河水的进水和排水一体化到通水管上,可提高耕地的10%-20%利用率,另一方面通过进水河道、条田以及排水河道之间的高度差,能够确保进水河道内的淡水能够对条田进行灌溉,以及将条田内的含盐量持续降低,进而通过该施工方法能够持续提高土壤品质以及进行改良。本施工方法不仅仅局限于盐碱地,同样适合在一般耕地上使用,提高耕地的利用率,适合规模化推广。(The invention discloses a large-scale coastal saline-alkali land reclamation and route entry and drainage integrated construction method, which comprises the following steps: dividing the saline-alkali soil into a plurality of unit blocks, and then dividing the unit blocks into strip fields; laying a route-feeding and route-discharging integrated system below the strip field; and excavating an inlet river channel on one side of the unit block, and excavating a drainage river channel on the other side of the unit block. The invention has the following advantages and effects: by integrating the water inflow and the water drainage of river water on the water service pipe, the utilization rate of cultivated land can be improved by 10% -20%, and on the other hand, by the height difference among the water inflow riverway, the strip field and the water drainage riverway, the fresh water in the water inflow riverway can be ensured to irrigate the strip field, the salt content in the strip field is continuously reduced, and further, the soil quality can be continuously improved and improved by the construction method. The construction method is not only limited to saline-alkali soil, but also is suitable for being used on common cultivated land, improves the utilization rate of the cultivated land, and is suitable for large-scale popularization.)

1. a large-scale coastal saline-alkali land reclamation and route entry and drainage integrated construction method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

Dividing the coastal saline-alkali soil with more than 5000 mu into a plurality of unit blocks (1), and dividing the unit blocks (1) into 8-10 strip fields (2); a tractor-ploughing road is arranged between every two adjacent unit blocks (1), and the strip fields (2) are divided by ridges;

2. Laying a route-arranging integrated system below the strip field (2); the water inlet and outlet integrated system comprises a water inlet gate, a water service pipe (3) and a water outlet gate, wherein the water service pipe (3) is arranged below the strip field (2), and the head end and the tail end of the water service pipe (3) are respectively connected with the water inlet gate and the water outlet gate; a plurality of PVC water delivery pipes (4) communicated with the strip field (2) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the water through pipe (3);

3. Excavating an inlet river channel (6) at one side of each unit block (1), excavating a drainage river channel (7) at the other side of each unit block, wherein the normal water level of the inlet river channel (6) is higher than the field surface height of the strip fields (2), the normal water level of the drainage river channel (7) is lower than the field surface height of the strip fields (2), the inlet river channels (6) among the unit blocks (1) are communicated through inverted siphon pipes, and the drainage river channels (7) are communicated with each other;

4. The water inlet gate is arranged between the water inlet river channel (6) and the water service pipe (3), the water outlet gate is arranged between the drainage river channel (7) and the water service pipe (3), and the opening and closing machine and the remote control device are additionally arranged on the water inlet gate and the drainage gate.

2. The large-scale coastal saline-alkali soil reclamation and route-making integrated construction method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step 2, a sand-settling inspection well is arranged at the junction of the middle parts of every two PVC water conveying pipes (4) and the water through pipe (3).

3. The large-scale coastal saline-alkali soil reclamation and route-making integrated construction method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the port of each PVC water pipe (4) can be detachably sleeved with a closure sleeve (5).

4. The large-scale coastal saline-alkali soil reclamation and route-making integrated construction method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that: when laying the water pipe (3): firstly, performing preliminary arrangement on the strip field (2), and burying the original river channel on the strip field (2); and then laying the water pipe (3) below the existing road, wherein the water pipe (3) adopts a double-wall corrugated pipe, and the water pipe (3) adopts back-filled yellow sand on the periphery of the water pipe (3) during laying.

5. The large-scale coastal saline-alkali soil reclamation and route-making integrated construction method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the water pipes (3) are provided with PVC water pipes (4) at the left side and the right side every 80 meters.

6. The large-scale coastal saline-alkali soil reclamation and route-making integrated construction method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the river bottom of the water inlet river channel (6) is higher than the highest point of the strip field (2) by more than 20 cm, and the water storage depth is more than 1 m.

7. The large-scale coastal saline-alkali soil reclamation and route-making integrated construction method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the normal water level of the drainage river channel (7) is more than 20 cm lower than the field surface height of the strip field (2).

8. The large-scale coastal saline-alkali soil reclamation and route-making integrated construction method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and the intake and exhaust integrated system is also provided with a plurality of gate wells communicated with the water service pipe (3).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of saline-alkali soil reclamation, in particular to a large-scale coastal saline-alkali soil reclamation and route entry and drainage integrated construction method.

Background

in recent years, with the increasing urgency of economic development and urban construction on land resource demand, saline-alkali soil development and utilization projects are developed vigorously, but the characteristics of high salt content, low nutrient content, poor soil structure and the like of the saline-alkali soil seriously affect the agriculture and forestry production and ecological environment construction of regions, and the improvement and greening of the saline-alkali soil is an internationally recognized 'worldwide problem'. However, China is a large population country, the harm of saline-alkali soil of a lot of lands is increasingly serious along with human activities in the existing saline-alkali soil of 0.97 hundred million hectares, and the comprehensive treatment, development and utilization of the saline-alkali soil have important significance at present when land resources are increasingly deficient.

Chinese patent 'drainage method of saline-alkali soil' with bulletin number of centimeter N106211839B discloses a drainage method, which is characterized in that a hydrophobic membrane and drainage pipes which are longitudinally and transversely distributed are additionally arranged to supply and drain water, and then the salt content of a soil layer is ensured. The scheme is suitable for saline-alkali soil with small area, but when the saline-alkali soil with large area, such as more than 5000 mu of scale, is reformed, the required construction cost is greatly increased, and the relevance among various saline-alkali soil is not great.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a large-scale coastal saline-alkali land reclamation and route-entry and route-discharge integrated construction method which has the effect of large-scale improvement.

the technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a large-scale coastal saline-alkali land reclamation and route entry and drainage integrated construction method comprises the following steps:

1. Dividing the coastal saline-alkali soil with more than 5000 mu into a plurality of unit blocks, and dividing the unit blocks into 8-10 strip fields; a tractor-ploughing road is arranged between every two adjacent unit blocks, and the strip fields are divided by ridges;

2. laying a route-feeding and route-discharging integrated system below the strip field; the water inlet and outlet integrated system comprises a water inlet gate, a water service pipe and a water outlet gate, wherein the water service pipe is arranged below the strip field, and the head end and the tail end of the water service pipe are respectively connected with the water inlet gate and the water outlet gate; a plurality of PVC water conveying pipes communicated with the strip field are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the water through pipe;

3. Excavating an inlet river channel on one side of each unit block, excavating a drainage river channel on the other side of each unit block, wherein the normal water level of the inlet river channel is higher than the field height of the strip field, the normal water level of the drainage river channel is lower than the field height of the strip field, the inlet river channels among the unit blocks are communicated through inverted siphon pipes, and the drainage river channels are communicated with each other;

4. The inlet gate is arranged between the water inlet river channel and the water service pipe, the outlet gate is arranged between the drainage river channel and the water service pipe, and the opening and closing machine and the remote control device are additionally arranged on the inlet gate and the drainage gate.

by adopting the technical scheme, the large-scale coastal saline-alkali soil with the area of more than 5000 mu is divided into a plurality of unit blocks which exist independently, and the tractor-ploughing path is additionally arranged among the unit blocks so as to facilitate the passage of large agricultural vehicles. Meanwhile, each unit block is divided into 8-10 strip fields, and the strip fields are distinguished through ridges so as to ensure that each strip field has a relatively independent space. The water inlet river channel and the drainage river channel are excavated on the two opposite sides of each unit block respectively, meanwhile, a water inlet and outlet integrated system is arranged between each strip field and the two river channels, water service pipes in the water inlet and outlet integrated system are embedded below the strip fields, and the two water service pipes are communicated with the water inlet river channel and the water outlet river channel through a water inlet gate and a water outlet gate.

Through the addition of the remote control device and the opening and closing piece, the water inlet and the water discharge of the water inlet gate and the water outlet gate are controlled. The water pipe supplies water and drains water to the gaps in the field through a PVC water delivery pipe. Because the water inlet riverway and the water discharge riverway are arranged in a staggered way relative to the heights of the strip fields, when water needs to be fed and the water inlet gate is opened, the water discharge gate is closed, and river water can be automatically and directly discharged into the strip fields; when needing the drainage, close the gate of intaking, begin the discharge gate, the water level in the strip field can be discharged into in the water pipe because of gravity reason, finally discharges on the drainage river course automatically. The water inlet pipe and the water discharge pipe are shared, and the water can be automatically discharged due to the gravity relation, so that the water supply and the water discharge are not required to be carried out by adopting extra power, and the energy consumption is greatly reduced.

on the other hand is because the saline and alkaline degree of water in the saline and alkaline land soil is higher, can lead to finally outer water salt alkalinity rising along with the contact of fresh water source of intaking and field piece in the planting process, if used repeatedly will influence the rice growth, therefore because the water intake river course and the independent establishment of drainage river course and the settlement of water head, avoided the drainage that the salinity rises can not discharge into the water intake river course in, and then ensure that the fresh water in the water intake river course can continue to water the strip field.

The invention is further provided with: in the step 2, a sand-settling inspection well is arranged at the junction of the middle parts of every two PVC water conveying pipes and the water conveying pipe.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the setting of desilting inspection shaft can will follow the river along the strip field and drain into the silt or all the other foreign matters through closing in and collect the processing, and later stage is sent the people and is carried out the regular collection processing to guarantee the quality of water of river.

The invention is further provided with: and a closure sleeve can be detachably sleeved on the port of each PVC water delivery pipe.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the sleeve pipe that dams that adds on the PVC raceway can seal the upper end of PV li be the raceway in the manual work after the completion of intaking to the strip field to avoid the river backward flow, only need when later stage needs the drainage demolish this sleeve pipe that dams, open discharge gate and can realize the drainage.

The invention is further provided with: when the water service pipe is laid: firstly, performing preliminary arrangement on the strip field, and burying the original river channel on the strip field; and then laying the water pipe below the existing road, wherein the water pipe adopts a double-wall corrugated pipe, and yellow sand is filled on the outer periphery of the water pipe during laying.

through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, carry out landfill processing with current river course between the field pieces in the strip field, change into arable land and utilize, current road itself has certain stable characteristics simultaneously, carries out landfill water service pipe in current road below, has avoided the extra excavation of road

And (4) construction, so that the utilization efficiency of the cultivated land is improved by 10-20%. On the other hand, water inlet or water discharge inside the water service pipe is not under pressure, and water inlet and water discharge are carried out by adopting a double-wall corrugated pipe, the outer wall of the double-wall corrugated pipe is in an annular corrugated structure, so that the annular rigidity of the pipe is greatly enhanced, the resistance of the pipe to soil load is enhanced, and meanwhile, the outer side of the water service pipe is subjected to positioning protection by yellow sand so as to reduce the pressure of soil on the outer side.

The invention is further provided with: PVC water pipes are arranged on the left side and the right side of the water through pipe every 80 meters.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through laying the PVC raceway toward both sides promptly not having 80 meters to guarantee to move back strip field most scope and supply water, also avoid using too much and lead to construction cost's rising simultaneously.

The invention is further provided with: the river bottom of the water inlet river channel is higher than the highest point of the strip field by more than 20 cm, and the water storage depth is more than 1 m.

By adopting the technical scheme, the height of the river bottom of the water inlet river channel is higher than that of the strip field by more than 20 cm, so that the water pipe can be supplied all the time when the water level of the river bed of the water inlet river channel is reduced, and further the strip field is supplied with water.

The invention is further provided with: the normal water level of the drainage riverway is more than 20 cm lower than the field surface height of the strip field.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the normal water level of drainage river course is less than the field face height in strip field to ensure that strip field can be with the automatic clean emission of river in the strip field when the drainage, avoid the river backward flow and lead to the higher river of salt content to influence strip field once more.

The invention is further provided with: and the intake and exhaust integrated system is also provided with a plurality of gate wells communicated with the water service pipe.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the setting of gate well can play local current-limiting or the effect of holding back to carry out certain operation to strip field or water service pipe, ensure that the water service pipe can carry out routine maintenance, ensure the permanent use of whole integrated system of advancing the row.

In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the river water is integrated with water inlet and drainage on the water service pipe, so that irrigation of the strip field is greatly optimized, consumption of other materials is reduced, and production cost is reduced. On the other hand, through the height difference among the water inlet riverway, the strip fields and the drainage riverway, the fresh water in the water inlet riverway can be ensured to irrigate the strip fields, and the salt content in the strip fields is continuously reduced; meanwhile, the discharged river water can be automatically discharged independently, the influence on the salt content of the fresh water in the water inlet river channel is avoided, and the soil quality can be continuously improved and improved through the construction method.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a part of a coastal saline-alkali land after being divided;

Fig. 2 is a schematic partial sectional view of the intake and discharge integrated system, which is used to show the relationship between the water pipe and the PVC water pipe.

in the figure: 1. a unit block; 2. strip-field; 3. a water pipe; 4. PVC water delivery pipes; 5. a closure sleeve; 6. a water intake riverway; 7. and (4) draining a river channel.

Detailed Description

The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to FIGS. 1-2.

A large-scale coastal saline-alkali land reclamation and route entry and drainage integrated construction method comprises the following steps:

Step 1, dividing the large-scale coastal saline-alkali soil with the area of more than 5000 mu into a plurality of unit blocks 1, wherein generally, a single unit block 1 is preferably 500 mu, and meanwhile, the single unit block 1 is divided into 8-10 strip fields 2, so that the land and land shapes can be better in quantity, and the actual condition of the saline-alkali soil is divided. A tractor-ploughing path is arranged between each unit block 1, and the width of the tractor-ploughing path is preferably controlled to be about 3 m. Meanwhile, ridges are formed between each strip field 2 for dividing so that people can walk.

and 2, paving an inlet and outlet integrated system below each strip field 2, wherein the inlet and outlet integrated system comprises a water inlet gate, a water service pipe 3, a water outlet gate, a sand settling inspection well and a gate well. The water service pipe 3 is arranged below the strip field 2, and the water inlet gate and the water outlet gate are respectively arranged on the water service pipe 3 for two days, namely the front end and the rear end of the strip field 2. The left side and the right side of each 80 meters of the water service pipe 3 are respectively provided with a PVC water delivery pipe 4, the front end of each PVC water delivery pipe 4 is arranged in the field blocks of the strip fields 2 on the two sides, and the front end of each PVC water delivery pipe 4 is sleeved with a closure sleeve 5 for sealing the PVC water delivery pipe 4. A sand-settling inspection well is arranged at the junction between the middle of each two PVC water conveying pipes 4 and the water through pipe 3 and is used for collecting the sand carried by river water from the strip field 2. On the other hand, the gate well can be arranged beside the sand-settling inspection well or is independently arranged on the water service pipe 3 and is used for intercepting the water service pipe 3 so as to ensure that the sand-settling inspection well or the water service pipe 3 can be corrected.

And 3, opening an inlet river channel 6 and an outlet river channel at two sides of each unit block 1, wherein the inlet river channel 6 is positioned at one side of the inlet gate to be communicated with the water service pipe 3, the outlet river channel is positioned at one side of the outlet gate, and the inlet river channel 6, the outlet river channel and the tractor-ploughing path cannot be influenced, such as bridges, holes and the like can be built. The water inlet channel 6 supplies water to the strip fields 2, and the water discharge channel 7 discharges water to the strip fields 2. Intake river course 6 can be through draw water pump station and outside water source ground intercommunication, can be connected through falling the siphon or the box culvert mode between the adjacent intake river course 6 simultaneously, and intake river course 6's river bottom elevation sets up to be higher than whole strip field 2 peak more than 20 centimetres, and the retaining degree of depth is greater than 1 meter, and intake river course 6 area is according to the water conservancy calculation of field irrigation water consumption. It should be noted that in areas with uneven rainfall or areas with water shortage, the water demand of the water source area can be satisfied with the irrigation quantity for 7 days, and the conditional area can be connected with a nearby fresh water reservoir or a new fresh water reservoir can be built.

On the other hand, the drainage rivers 7 are all connected in series and are connected with the outer drainage rivers in the whole project area, and particularly, if the unexpected drainage rivers are influenced by peripheral ocean tides, a large-scale drainage pump station needs to be built, so that the river is prevented from flowing backwards. The normal water level of the drainage channel 7 needs to be kept 20 cm below the field surface. The river course 6 of intaking, strip field 2, have certain difference in height between the drainage river course 7 three, and then can supply water or the drainage to water service pipe 3 automatically through the relation of gravity, and the three mutual independence is seted up, has avoided because the moisture salinity and alkalinity is higher in the saline and alkaline land soil, can lead to finally outer row water salt alkalinity rising along with the contact of the field piece in fresh water source of intaking and strip field 2 in the planting process, and will influence the emergence of the problem of the growth of plant because used repeatedly.

And 4, additionally arranging a hoist, a remote control device and a video monitoring device on the existing water inlet gate and the existing water discharge gate, and installing a control system and application software in a data machine room to realize remote and automatic control. The device and the system software only need to uniformly monitor and control the on-off of the river water inlet and the river water outlet, so that the system in the prior art can be directly adopted, and meanwhile, the scheme has no substantial relation, so that the description and the explanation are not needed.

When the unit block 1 is irrigated, a main water inlet river channel water guide pump station is opened, the pump station lifts water to an existing water inlet river channel 6, the water level of the water inlet river channel 6 reaches about 2.8 meters (the elevation of the field surface is about 2.3 meters), a head end water inlet gate of a water service pipe 3 is opened, a tail end water outlet gate is closed, water of the water inlet river channel 6 automatically flows into the water service pipe 3, water flows into strip fields 2 on two sides through a PVC water pipe 4, the head end water inlet gate of the water service pipe 3 is closed after the water quantity meets the requirement, and a cut-off sleeve 5 with the length of 50 centimeters is vertically sleeved on the PVC water pipe 4.

When water is drained, a water drainage pump gate of the total water drainage river outside the planting area is opened, so that the water level of the water drainage river channel 7 in the unit block 1 is reduced to about 1.3 m. Then the closure sleeve 5 sleeved at the PVC water delivery pipe 4 is pulled out, and the drainage gate at the tail end of the water service pipe 3 is opened. The water in the field is converged into the water service pipe 3 through the PVC water delivery pipe 4 and discharged into the drainage river 7, after the drainage is finished, the drainage gate at the tail end of the water service pipe 3 is closed, and the closure sleeve 5 is vertically sleeved on the PVC water delivery pipe 4.