阅读说明：本技术 预收式全工况伞状扩体装置及其使用方法 (Pre-retracting type full-working-condition umbrella-shaped body expanding device and using method thereof ) 是由 刘晓理 于 2019-09-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了预收式全工况伞状扩体装置及其使用方法,若干根锚筋贯穿伞状扩体装置,伞状扩体装置包括由若干根折叠杆组成的伞状折叠杆组,以及从前向后依次套设在锚筋上的荷载转换装置、拉筋盘、穿筋盘；伞状折叠杆组为正向折叠或反向折叠；荷载转换装置用于将锚筋所承受的拉力转换为对拉筋盘和整个伞状扩体装置的压力；当锚筋有多根时,各锚筋及折叠杆均环绕拉筋盘、穿筋盘的中轴线分布；折叠杆通过箍筋或第一膜袋实现周向拉结：当通过第一膜袋周向拉结时,第一膜袋通过若干的固定装置与每根折叠杆固定。本申请用以实现适合所有工况伞状扩体装置的预收缩锁定、解锁及扩体结构对中的目的。(the invention discloses a pre-retracting type full-working-condition umbrella-shaped expansion device and a use method thereof.A plurality of anchor bars penetrate through the umbrella-shaped expansion device, and the umbrella-shaped expansion device comprises an umbrella-shaped folding bar group consisting of a plurality of folding bars, and a load conversion device, a lacing wire disc and a lacing wire disc which are sequentially sleeved on the anchor bars from front to back; the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is folded forward or reversely; the load conversion device is used for converting the tensile force born by the anchor bars into the pressure to the lacing wire disc and the whole umbrella-shaped expansion device; when a plurality of anchor bars are arranged, all the anchor bars and the folding rods are distributed around the central axes of the lacing wire disc and the bar penetrating disc; the folding rod realizes circumferential drawknot through the stirrup or the first film bag: when the first film bag is circumferentially pulled and knotted, the first film bag is fixed with each folding rod through a plurality of fixing devices. The application is used for achieving the purposes of pre-shrinking locking, unlocking and expanding structure centering of the umbrella-shaped expanding device suitable for all working conditions.)

1. the full operating mode umbelliform of receipts formula expands a body device in advance, a plurality of anklebones (1) insert the full operating mode umbelliform of receipts formula expands a body device in advance, the full operating mode umbelliform of receipts formula expands a body device in advance includes the umbelliform folding rod group of constituteing by a plurality of folding rods to and establish load conversion device (2), lacing wire dish (3), wear muscle dish (4) on the anklebone (1) in proper order backward in the past, its characterized in that:

The umbrella-shaped folding rod group is folded in the forward direction or the reverse direction;

the front end of each anchor bar (1) movably penetrates through the bar penetrating disc (4) and the lacing wire disc (3) from back to front;

the load conversion device (2) is fixed at the front end of the anchor bar (1), and the load conversion device (2) is in contact with the lacing wire disc (3) and cannot penetrate through the lacing wire disc (3); the load conversion device (2) is used for converting the tensile force borne by the anchor bar (1) into the pressure to the lacing wire disc (3) and the whole umbrella-shaped expansion device;

each folding rod comprises a long rod (5) and a short rod (6), the rear end of the long rod (5) is hinged with the front end of the short rod (6) through a middle hinge (39), the front end of the long rod (5) is hinged with the tendon stretching disc (3) through a front hinge device (7), and the rear end of the short rod (6) is hinged with the tendon penetrating disc (4) through a rear hinge device (8);

when the anchor bars (1) are provided with a plurality of anchor bars, all the anchor bars (1) and the folding rods are distributed around the central axes of the tie bar plate (3) and the bar penetrating plate (4); when only one anchor bar (1) is arranged, the anchor bar (1) is positioned on the central axis of the lacing wire disc (3) and the bar penetrating disc (4);

The folding rod is circumferentially pulled through a stirrup (18) or a first film bag (95):

When the folding rods are circumferentially pulled and connected through the stirrups (18), each folding rod is fixedly connected with each layer of stirrups (18);

when the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is circumferentially pulled and knotted through the first film bag (95), the first film bag (95) is fixedly connected with each folding rod, the first film bag (95) is sleeved outside the umbrella-shaped folding rod group, the rear end of the first film bag (95) is connected with the tendon penetrating disc (4), and the front end of the first film bag is connected with the tendon penetrating disc (3).

2. the pre-retracting all-condition umbrella-shaped body expanding device according to claim 1, wherein the tendon pulling disc (3) can move in the front-back direction by taking the structural member (21) as a slide rail, and/or the tendon penetrating disc (4) can move in the front-back direction by taking the anchor tendon (1) and/or the structural member (21) as a slide rail;

wherein the construction member (21) has a structure of: a plurality of structural members (21) are arranged on the lacing wire disc (3) and the lacing wire disc (4) in a penetrating way, the front ends of the structural members (21) are fixed on the lacing wire disc (3) or movably penetrate through the lacing wire disc (3) and extend forwards, and the rear ends of the structural members (21) are fixed on the lacing wire disc (4) or movably penetrate through the lacing wire disc (4) and extend backwards;

the connection structure of the construction member (21) is: the plurality of structural components (21) are distributed around the central axes of the lacing wire disc (3) and the rib penetrating disc (4), or the structural components are sleeved outside the anchor bars, or the structural components (21) are positioned on the central axes of the lacing wire disc (3) and the rib penetrating disc (4) and are surrounded by the plurality of anchor bars (1) and the plurality of folding rods.

3. The pre-retracting all-condition umbrella-shaped expanding device according to claim 2,

reset springs are arranged at one or more positions of the front side of the lacing wire disc (3), between the lacing wire disc (3) and the lacing wire disc (4) and the rear side of the lacing wire disc (4), when the folding state of the umbrella-shaped folding rod set is unlocked, the middle hinge (39) is far away from the central axes of the lacing wire disc (3) and the lacing wire disc (4) under the effect of the resilience force of the reset springs, and the umbrella-shaped folding rod set is recovered to an expansion state;

When the construction member (21) movably penetrates through the lacing wire disc (3) and extends forwards, a return spring is arranged between the lacing wire disc (3) and the lacing wire disc (4) and/or on the front side of the lacing wire disc (3): when the front side of the lacing wire disc (3) is provided with the return spring, the lacing wire disc further comprises a first guide plate (10): the guide plate (10) is fixedly connected to a structural component (21) on the front side of the return spring, or the guide plate (10) and a guide cap (22) on the front side of the lacing wire disc (3) are combined;

when the structural member (21) movably penetrates through the tendon-penetrating disc (4) and extends backwards, a return spring is arranged between the tendon-stretching disc (3) and the tendon-penetrating disc (4) and/or at the rear side of the tendon-penetrating disc (4); when the rear side of the rib penetrating disc (4) is provided with the return spring, the rib penetrating disc further comprises a rear supporting plate (9): the rear supporting plate (9) is fixedly connected to a structural component (21) or an anchor bar (1) at the rear side of the return spring;

When only the anchor bars (1) are used as sliding rails for the bar penetrating disc (4) to move back and forth and a return spring is arranged at the rear side of the bar penetrating disc (4), the anchor bars (1) at the rear side of the return spring are fixedly connected with a rear supporting plate (9);

when the structural member (21) movably penetrates through the lacing wire disc (3) and extends forwards, and the folding state of the umbrella-shaped folding rod group needs to be locked in front of the lacing wire disc (3) but a return spring is not arranged in front of the lacing wire disc (3), a front anchor plate (122) is arranged; the front anchor plate (122) is fixed at the front end of the structural member (21), or the front anchor plate (122) and a guide cap (22) positioned on the front side of the lacing wire disc (3) are combined;

when the structural member (21) movably penetrates through the rebar penetration disc (4) and extends backwards, the folding state of the umbrella-shaped folding rod group needs to be locked behind the rebar penetration disc (4) but a return spring is not arranged behind the rebar penetration disc (4), a rear anchor plate (123) is arranged; the rear anchor plate (123) is fixed at the rear end of the structural member (21) or on the anchor bar (1) at the rear side of the bar penetrating disc (4);

when only the anchor bar (1) is used as a sliding rail for the rib penetrating disc (4) to move back and forth, the folding state of the umbrella-shaped folding rod group needs to be locked behind the rib penetrating disc (4) but a return spring is not arranged behind the rib penetrating disc (4), a rear anchor plate (123) is arranged, and the rear anchor plate (123) is fixed on the anchor bar (1) at the rear side of the rib penetrating disc (4);

When the construction member (21) movably penetrates through the lacing wire disc (3) and extends forwards, but a return spring and a first guide plate (10) are not arranged in front of the lacing wire disc (3), and a front anchor plate (122) is not arranged, the extension section is used as a sliding rail for the lacing wire disc (3) to move forwards and backwards;

When the construction member (21) movably penetrates through the tendon penetrating disc (4) and extends backwards, but a return spring and a rear supporting plate (9) are not arranged behind the tendon penetrating disc (4), and a rear anchor plate (123) is not arranged, the extending section is used as a sliding rail for the tendon penetrating disc (4) to move forwards and backwards.

4. the pre-retracting all-condition umbrella-shaped expanding device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein when the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is folded in the positive direction: arranging a plurality of limiting devices, wherein the limiting devices are positioned on the rear side of the lacing wire disc (3) and/or the front side of the lacing wire disc (4); the limiting device comprises one or more of a front limiting device (14), a rear limiting device (15) and an integral limiting device (25); the limiting device is used for adjusting the distance between the lacing wire disc (3) and the reinforcement penetrating disc (4), and is matched with a return spring to shape the geometric shape of the umbrella-shaped folding rod group after the expansion is recovered before cement slurry is solidified; the limiting device cannot penetrate through the lacing wire disc (3) and the bar penetrating disc (4);

When the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is reversely folded: the device also comprises a plurality of limiting and backstopping combination devices, wherein the limiting and backstopping combination devices are positioned on the front side of the lacing wire disc (3) and/or the rear side of the lacing wire disc (4); the limiting and retaining combined device comprises a front retaining device (101), a front reverse limiting device (99), a rear retaining device (102) and a rear reverse limiting device (100); the front reverse limiting device (99) and the rear reverse limiting device (100) are used for adjusting the distance between the lacing wire disc (3) and the reinforcement penetrating disc (4), and are matched with a return spring to shape the geometric shape of the umbrella-shaped folding rod group after the expansion is recovered before cement paste is solidified; when the lacing wire disc (3) moves forwards, the lacing wire disc can pass through the front retaining device (101) in a single direction, but is blocked by the front reverse limiting device (99); when the bar penetrating disc (4) moves backwards, the bar penetrating disc can pass through the back stopping device (102) in a single direction but is blocked by the back reverse limiting device (100);

or the limiting device is combined with the construction component (21); or the front reverse limiting device (99) and/or the rear reverse limiting device (100) are combined with the construction component (21); or the front reverse limiting device (99) and the guide cap (22) are arranged in a combining way; or the hoop (18) or the first film bag (95) is used for replacing the limiting device; or the stirrup (18) or the first film bag (95) is used for replacing the front reverse limiting device (99) and/or the rear reverse limiting device (100);

When the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is folded in the positive direction, the structural component (21) is used as a sliding rail, and the lacing wire disc (3) is only allowed to slide back and forth, the front limiting device (14) is only arranged at the rear side of the lacing wire disc (3), and the rear end of the structural component (21) is fixed with the lacing wire disc (4); or only installing an integral limiting device (25) and fixing the rear end of the integral limiting device with the bar penetrating disc (4); when the bar penetrating disc (4) is allowed to slide back and forth, the rear limiting device (15) is arranged on the front side of the bar penetrating disc (4), and the front end of the structural member (21) is fixed with the bar pulling disc (3); or only installing an integral limiting device (25) and fixing the front end of the integral limiting device with the lacing wire disc (3); when the lacing wire disc (3) and the lacing wire disc (4) are allowed to slide back and forth, the front limiting device (14) and the rear limiting device (15) are installed at the same time, or only the integral limiting device (25) is installed.

when the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is reversely folded, the structural component (21) is used as a sliding rail, and the lacing wire disc (3) is only allowed to slide back and forth, the front reverse limiting device (99) is only arranged on the front side of the lacing wire disc (3), or the front reverse limiting device (99) and the load conversion device (2) are combined, and the rear end of the structural component (21) is fixed with the lacing wire disc (4); when the bar penetrating disc (4) is allowed to slide back and forth, the rear reverse limiting device (100) is only arranged on the rear side of the bar penetrating disc, and the front end of the structural member (21) is fixed with the bar pulling disc (3); when the lacing wire disc (3) and the lacing wire disc (4) are allowed to slide back and forth, the front reverse limiting device (99) and the rear reverse limiting device (100) are installed at the same time;

When only the anchor bar (1) is used as a sliding rail for the front and back movement of the bar penetrating disc (4), the front end of the anchor bar (1) is fixed with the bar pulling disc (3), and a rear limiting device (15) is arranged on the anchor bar (1) on the front side of the bar penetrating disc (4); or a rear reverse limiting device (100) is arranged on the anchor bar (1) at the rear side of the bar penetrating disc (4).

5. the pre-shrinking type full-working-condition umbrella-shaped body expanding device according to claim 4, further comprising a plurality of grouting pipes (19) and/or a second film bag (71) sleeved outside the umbrella-shaped body expanding device, wherein the grouting pipes (19) are positioned in the umbrella-shaped body expanding device or respectively positioned in the umbrella-shaped body expanding device, outside the umbrella-shaped body expanding device or penetrate through the umbrella-shaped body expanding device from back to front, or the grouting pipes (19) are integrally arranged with the structural members (21) or the anchor bars (1); the rear end of the second film bag (71) is connected with the tendon-penetrating disc (4) or the rear supporting plate (9), and the front end is connected with the tendon-stretching disc (3) or the first guide plate (10).

6. the pre-retracting all-condition umbrella-shaped body expanding device according to claim 5, further comprising a front film bag (75), wherein the front film bag (75) is used for protecting the load conversion device (2); when the rotary spraying drill rod penetrates through the umbrella-shaped expanding device and undertakes the advanced rotary spraying work, the rotary spraying drill rod also comprises an inner membrane bag (133); the front end of the front membrane bag (75) is provided with no opening or the opening is sealed by any one of the guide cap (22), the guide plate (10) and the front anchor plate (122), and the rear end of the front membrane bag is connected with one of the lacing wire disc (3), the guide plate (10), the front end of the second membrane bag (71) and the front end of the first membrane bag (95); the front end of the inner film bag (133) is connected with the lacing wire disc (3), the rear end of the inner film bag is connected with the tendon penetrating disc (4), and the inner film bag is positioned on the outer side of the jet grouting drill rod, and on the inner sides of all anchor tendons (1), the umbrella-shaped folding rod group and the structural member (21).

7. The pre-retracting type full-working-condition umbrella-shaped body expanding device according to claim 1, characterized in that when the anchor bars (1) are steel strands in a declined state, a hole expanding section centering bracket (90) is further arranged; when the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is folded in the forward direction, the reaming section centering support (90) is a forward folding support folding rod group which is connected with the umbrella-shaped folding rod group in parallel and assembled in the reverse direction, or a support folding rod group which is connected with the umbrella-shaped folding rod group in series; when the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is reversely folded, the reaming section centering support (90) is a reverse folding support folding rod group which is connected with the umbrella-shaped folding rod group in parallel and reversely assembled, or a support folding rod group which is connected with the umbrella-shaped folding rod group in series; the support folding rod group comprises at least three support folding rods which form included angles with each other, stirrups (18) are arranged, and the stirrups (18) are fixedly connected with each support folding rod; the support folding rod comprises a support long rod (5-2) and a support short rod (6-2) which are mutually hinged through a middle hinge (39), and the support long rod (5-2) and the support short rod (6-2) are both hinged with a support lacing wire disc (3-2) or a support lacing wire disc (4-2).

8. the use method of the pre-retracting all-condition umbrella-shaped dilating device based on any one of claims 1 to 7 is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step A: pre-shrinking the umbrella-shaped expanding device: after the umbrella-shaped expansion device is assembled and before the umbrella-shaped expansion device is implanted into a drill hole, the anchor bars (1), the load conversion device (2) and the lacing wire disc (3) slide forwards relative to the lacing wire disc (4) through external force, and the middle hinges (39) are close to the central axes of the lacing wire disc (3) and the lacing wire disc (4), so that the pre-shrinkage of the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is realized;

and B: locking the pre-contraction state of the umbrella-shaped expanding device: when the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is pre-contracted to be within the axial projection range of the lacing wire disc (3), the contraction state of the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is locked;

And C: pushing the umbrella-shaped expanding device: the umbrella-shaped expanding body device applies thrust to enter a drill hole by a propelling mechanism under the condition that the pre-shrinking procedure is completed until the umbrella-shaped expanding body device enters a preset expanding section;

Step D: and (3) re-expanding the umbrella-shaped body expanding device: after the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is implanted into the reaming section, the locking state is unlocked, the lacing wire disc (3) slides backwards relative to the lacing wire disc (4) under the action of the reset elasticity of the reset spring, and the middle hinge (39) is far away from the central axes of the lacing wire disc (3) and the lacing wire disc (4), so that the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is opened again; the method of releasing the locked state is to release the distance lock or the angle lock.

9. The use method of the pre-retracting all-condition umbrella-shaped expanding device according to claim 8,

the pre-shrinking method of the umbrella-shaped expanding device is a post-assembling method or a first assembling method:

A post-assembly method: the method comprises the steps of compressing or tensioning a return spring in advance, carrying out temporary shaping, then completing the assembly and contraction of the umbrella pile expanding device, and then removing the temporary shaping of the return spring; the method has the advantages that the return spring deforms in front, and actively deforms under the action of external force, but does not passively deform under the driving of the lacing wire disc and the lacing wire disc, and the umbrella pile expanding device does not need to overcome the resistance of the return spring when contracting;

Firstly, the method comprises the following steps: firstly, the assembly of the umbrella-shaped expanding device is completed, and then the pre-contraction of the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is carried out; the method is characterized in that after the return spring is deformed, the return spring is driven by the lacing wire disc and the bar penetrating disc to generate passive deformation, and the umbrella pile expanding body device must overcome the resistance of the return spring when being contracted;

The pre-contraction state locking method of the umbrella-shaped expanding device comprises the following steps:

locking is carried out on the premise that each layer of stirrups is fixedly connected with each folding rod, and the locking mode is distance locking or angle locking; the distance locking comprises longitudinal distance locking and transverse distance locking; the method for locking the longitudinal distance is any one of the following methods: locking the distance between the first guide plate (10) or the front anchor plate (122) and the lacing wire disc (3), locking the distance between the lacing wire disc (3) and the lacing wire disc (4), and locking the distance between the lacing wire disc (4) and the rear support plate (9) or the rear anchor plate (123); the method for locking the transverse distance is any one of the following methods: locking the distance between the middle hinges (39), locking the distance from the middle hinges (39) to the central axis of the lacing wire disc and the lacing wire disc, locking the distance between the long rods, locking the distance between the short rods, and locking the distance from the long rod or the short rod to the central axis of the lacing wire disc and the lacing wire disc;

The angle locking method is any one of the following methods: locking an included angle between the long rod (5) and the short rod (6), locking an included angle between the long rod (5) and the lacing wire disc (3), and locking an included angle between the short rod (6) and the lacing wire disc (4);

The propulsion method of the umbrella-shaped body expanding device is a direct pushing method or an indirect pushing method:

Direct push-out method: the pushing mechanism pushes the rear end face of any non-guide cap or the rigid or semi-rigid component of the first guide plate or the front anchor plate in the umbrella-shaped body expanding device forwards, so that the umbrella-shaped body expanding device is pushed; when the guide cap is arranged, the guide cap or the first guide plate or the front anchor plate is connected with other components in the umbrella-shaped body expanding device, and the umbrella-shaped body expanding device pushes or drives the guide cap to advance;

indirect pushing method: the pushing mechanism pushes the rear end of the guide cap or the bottom surface of the slot hole of the guide cap or the pilot plate or the front anchor plate or the load conversion device forwards, and the guide cap or the pilot plate or the front anchor plate or the load conversion device is connected with other components in the umbrella-shaped body expanding device to drag the umbrella-shaped body expanding device to advance;

the re-expanding method of the umbrella-shaped body expanding device comprises the following steps: the distance locking or the angle locking is released, the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is re-opened under the action of the reset elasticity of the reset spring and is immediately limited by a limiting device or a front reverse limiting device (99) and a rear reverse limiting device (100).

10. the use method of the pre-retracting all-condition umbrella-shaped expanding body device according to claim 9, wherein the distance locking or angle locking method comprises the following steps: bolt method, pin bolt method, jet grouting separation method, electromagnetic control method, rope tying method, hot melting method, air bag or liquid bag method, slip casting pipe locking method, cover method, ejector pin method, rope coiling method, pneumatic or hydraulic pin method, and hoop locking method.

Technical Field

the invention relates to the field of geotechnical engineering anchoring, in particular to a pre-retracting type full-working-condition umbrella-shaped body expanding device and a using method thereof.

Background

The applicant has applied for the umbrella-shaped enlarged head in the post-planting mode and the self-carrying mode before the application. The post-implantation type umbrella-shaped enlarged head anchor rod cable means that holes are drilled and enlarged in advance, then the umbrella-shaped body expanding device and the anchor rod cable are implanted into the holes, and then grouting is carried out; or only drilling holes in advance, then implanting the umbrella-shaped body expanding device, the hole expanding sprayer and the anchor rod cable into the holes together, and then performing rotary spraying hole expanding, rotary spraying hole washing, grouting or rotary spraying grouting; or pre-drilling and reaming, then implanting the umbrella-shaped expanding device, the spraying tool and the anchor rod cable into the hole, and then carrying out jet grouting and hole washing, grouting or jet grouting. A self-carrying umbrella-shaped enlarged head anchor rod cable is characterized in that an umbrella-shaped body expanding device and an anchor rod cable are carried into a drill hole while a rotary jet drilling hole is drilled, and rotary jet reaming, rotary jet hole washing, grouting or rotary jet grouting is carried out after the drill hole reaches a preset depth. Generally speaking, in the process of implanting the umbrella-shaped enlarged head into the drilled hole, the film bag of the coat should be prevented from scratching the hole wall, however, in the existing umbrella-shaped enlarged heads, only the film bag type self-carrying umbrella enlarged head adopts a hydraulic expansion measure, and the film bag type post-implantation umbrella enlarged head adopts a pipe ruler control measure, so that the wall supporting situation of the middle hinge part can be avoided. The rest umbrella-shaped expanding heads belong to the counterfort implantation type, and the pre-shrinkage and non-counterfort implantation type umbrella-shaped expanding heads have a larger blank, and the systematic research and development is not carried out in the prior umbrella-shaped expanding head technology.

disclosure of Invention

the invention aims to provide a pre-retracting type full-working-condition umbrella-shaped expanding body device and a using method thereof, so as to solve the defects in the prior art, realize the locking and unlocking suitable for an end-bearing type anchor rod cable umbrella-shaped expanding head and reduce the difficulty in anchor cable recovery.

the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

The full operating mode umbelliform of formula of receiving in advance expands a body device, and a plurality of anklebones insert the full operating mode umbelliform of formula of receiving in advance and expand a body device, and the umbelliform of formula of receiving in advance expands a body device and includes the umbelliform folding rod group of compriseing a plurality of folding rods to and establish load conversion device, lacing wire dish, wear the muscle dish on the anklebone in proper order backward in the past: the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is folded forward or reversely; the front end of each anchor bar movably penetrates through the bar penetrating disc and the bar pulling disc from back to front; the load conversion device is fixed at the front end of the anchor bar, is in contact with the lacing wire disc and cannot penetrate through the lacing wire disc; the load conversion device is used for converting the tensile force born by the anchor bars into the pressure to the lacing wire disc and the whole umbrella-shaped expansion body device; each folding rod comprises a long rod and a short rod, the rear end of the long rod is hinged with the front end of the short rod through a middle hinge, the front end of the long rod is hinged with the lacing wire disc through a front hinge device, and the rear end of the short rod is hinged with the lacing wire disc through a rear hinge device; when a plurality of anchor bars are arranged, all the anchor bars and the folding rods are distributed around the central axes of the lacing wire disc and the bar penetrating disc; when only one anchor bar is arranged, the anchor bar is positioned on the central axis of the lacing wire disc and the bar penetrating disc; the folding rod realizes circumferential drawknot through the stirrup or the first film bag: when the hoop reinforcement is circumferentially tied, each folding rod is fixedly connected with each layer of hoop reinforcement; when the first film bags are circumferentially tied, the first film bags are fixedly connected with each folding rod, the first film bags are sleeved outside the umbrella-shaped folding rod group, the rear ends of the first film bags are connected with the rib penetrating disc, and the front ends of the first film bags are connected with the rib pulling disc.

In the present application, all the forward and backward directions are forward and backward directions of the drilling direction in the construction, in other words, the direction pointed by the tip of the guide cap or the tip of the umbrella-shaped body expanding device or the drill tip is forward, and vice versa. The umbrella-shaped folding rod group is assembled in the forward direction, namely the lacing wire disc is in the front and the lacing wire disc is in the back, and the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is assembled in the reverse direction, namely the lacing wire disc is in the back and the lacing wire disc is in the front. The condition that the middle hinge is positioned between the lacing wire disc and the lacing wire disc is forward folding, otherwise, reverse folding is adopted, namely: when the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is in a folding (i.e. furled) state and is assembled in a forward direction, the middle hinge positioned between the lacing wire disc and the lacing wire disc is folded in the forward direction, and the middle hinge positioned on the front side of the lacing wire disc or the rear side of the lacing wire disc is folded in a reverse direction; when the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is assembled reversely, the middle hinge is positioned between the lacing wire disc and is folded forwards, and the middle hinge is positioned at the rear side of the lacing wire disc or the front side of the lacing wire disc and is folded backwards.

the anchor bar is a main bar material which is used for transmitting and bearing external drawing load in an anchor rod or an anchor cable structure, and mainly comprises steel bars, a steel bar cage or a steel pipe which form the anchor rod, steel strands which form the anchor cable, and other bundled special fiber material anchor rods, or fiber reinforced composite tensile materials such as glass fibers and the like, wherein the steel bars can be ordinary threaded steel bars, finish-rolled threaded steel bars, round steel and the like. The umbrella-shaped body expanding device can be assembled on a construction site, and anchor bars can be arranged on the rear side of the umbrella-shaped body expanding device in a segmented mode so as to be convenient for factory production, namely the anchor bars in the range of the umbrella-shaped body expanding device are processed and assembled in a professional production plant, and are welded (on the premise that the material of the anchor bars, namely the strength and the deformation property, is not influenced) or mechanically connected with the anchor bars on the rear side of the umbrella-shaped body expanding device after being transported to an engineering construction site, wherein the mechanical connection mode comprises conical threaded connection, straight threaded sleeve connection, cold extrusion sleeve connection and the like, and is shown in figure 1. The lacing wire disc and the lacing wire disc can be made of metal materials such as steel and the like, and can also be made of non-metal materials such as glass fiber and nylon.

The load conversion device has the function of converting the tension of the anchor bar into the pressure on the anchor bar disc and the whole body expanding device, aiming at different anchor bar types, the load conversion device can adopt reinforcing steel bars, steel rings and the like to be bound and welded at the front end of the anchor bar (on the premise of not influencing the material of the anchor bar, namely the strength and the deformation property), and can also adopt screw thread type steel bar connecting sleeves, or a nut matched with the external thread of the anchor bar, or a specially made straight thread or conical thread bearing body, or an anchorage device, a clamp, an anchor clip and the like, or a steel extrusion sleeve matched with the anchor bar can be adopted and is extruded and installed on the anchor bar by a special extrusion machine to be used as a load conversion device, on the premise that the strength and the connection strength of the anchor bars are allowed, the anchor bars and the lacing wire discs can be directly fixedly connected in a welding mode, a threaded connection mode and the like, and the fixed connection is used for replacing the function of the load conversion device.

Although the front hinge device and the rear hinge device can be made into the special-shaped situations (the first left hinge and the first right hinge are parallel to the paper surface and the second left hinge and the second right hinge are vertical to the paper surface) as shown in fig. 47 or other similar hinge seats, hinge rings, hinge balls, hinge grooves and the like, the front hinge device and the rear hinge device are preferably made into the hinge rod situation shown in fig. 1 from the aspects of manufacturing and construction standardization, engineering quality and manufacturing cost. The long rod, the short rod, the front hinge rod and the rear hinge rod can be made of various materials such as steel, engineering plastics, glass fiber and the like. Each of the long rod, the short rod, the front hinge rod and the rear hinge rod can adopt a single rod or double rods no matter whether the folding rods are folded in the forward direction (shown in figures 1 and 4) or in the reverse direction (shown in figures 29 and 44). The connection between the front hinge rod and the lacing wire disc and the connection between the rear hinge rod and the lacing wire disc can adopt insertion type threaded connection or buckling connection, back pull type connection, welding, bonding and the like, but the non-welding and bonding modes are preferred so as to adjust the orientation of the folding rod, and the rear hinge rod can also be reversely mounted (for example, when the umbrella-shaped expanding device is reversely folded, as shown in figure 33), even transversely mounted; from the mechanical point of view, as well as from the standpoints of standardized construction and construction quality guarantee, the connection of the front hinge rod and the lacing wire disc is preferably in plug-in threaded connection, and the connection of the rear hinge rod and the lacing wire disc is preferably in bolt back-pull connection (including reverse back-pull); meanwhile, the connecting part of the front hinge rod and the lacing wire disc or the connecting part of the rear hinge rod and the lacing wire disc is additionally provided with an elastic device, so that the hinge rod can be properly rotated in the transverse direction to adjust the orientation of the folding rod while being fixed and not moving forwards and backwards, and the elastic device can adopt a spring or an elastic cushion and the like.

all the folding rods are circumferentially tied through a plurality of layers of stirrups, and each folding rod is fixedly connected with each layer of stirrups; or the first film bag with high strength is used to replace the stirrup, and the first film bag is fixed with each folding rod. The fixed connection between the folding rod and the stirrup is usually a fixing measure using a positioning element and a rope clip. The positioning piece is arranged on the long rod and the short rod of the folding rod and used for longitudinally and radially fixing the stirrup, and the rope clamp is used for circumferentially fixing the stirrup. The positioning piece can be positioned at the outer side of the long rod and the short rod, and also can be positioned at the inner side of the long rod and the short rod, the installation mode can adopt welding, bonding, screw fixation or other modes, and the shape can be O-shaped, U-shaped, L-shaped, short-limb-shaped and the like. The stirrup can be formed by independently connecting each layer of positioning piece into a hoop, or connecting each layer of positioning piece into a net hoop or a spiral hoop, the stirrup can be made of steel wire ropes, high-strength fiber ropes or other flexible tensile materials, or rigid materials such as W-shaped folding rods or N-shaped folding rods, wherein the W-shaped folding rods or the N-shaped folding rods are correspondingly hinged or slidably hinged with the long rods and the short rods (the connecting mode has the functions of the positioning piece and the rope clamp on the premise of sufficient strength); the end of the steel wire rope can be connected end to end by adopting a rope clamp or fixed independently, the steel wire rope and the folding rods are good in fixing effect and mechanical property, the rope clamp can be installed on two sides of each folding rod at the intersection position, can adopt a bolt locking type, a sleeve extrusion type or an opening piece extrusion type and the like, can also adopt modes such as rope tying and the like, and can also adopt a mode of binding flexible materials such as a steel wire rope and the like to a positioning piece by adopting a binding wire.

the umbrella-shaped expanding head is also called as an umbrella-shaped expanding body structure and comprises five essential elements, namely a lacing wire disc, a load conversion device, an umbrella-shaped folding rod group and a grouting consolidation body (concrete). As the expanding structure of the engineering mechanics significance, including two aspects of reinforcing steel bar and concrete, the umbrella-shaped folding rod group plays a role of stressed reinforcing steel bar in the concrete, each layer of stirrup is fixedly connected with all folding rods, the bending deformation of the folding rods when the umbrella-shaped expanding head is stressed forms tangential restraint, radial restraint and longitudinal restraint, and the umbrella-shaped folding rod cage structure plays a role of fixing the folding rods (stressed reinforcing steel bars) into a cage and forming a stressed framework in the umbrella-shaped expanding head, as shown in figure 34, the umbrella-shaped folding rod cage structure completely conforms to the current national reinforced concrete design and construction specifications, and has excellent compression stability. Therefore, the present invention has the advantage that the stirrups are fixedly connected to the folding rods all the way through at all the intersections of the stirrups with the folding rods, regardless of whether the umbrella-shaped folding rod assembly is in a contracted state or an expanded state, and after grouting to form the expansion structure. This is completely different from the "diameter-variable steel reinforcement cage" in the prior art, and the winding and unwinding of the vertical reinforcement frame in the prior art is realized by drawing and unwinding the spiral stirrups with both ends of the spiral stirrups, and the spiral stirrups need to slide back and forth in the winding and unwinding passages, so the spiral stirrups cannot form tangential restraint on the vertical reinforcements (if the tangential restraint is implemented, the spiral stirrups cannot be wound, which is a dilemma and is an inherent defect of the diameter-variable method and structure), and the intersections of the spiral stirrups and the vertical reinforcements cannot be fixed in practice although the names of the intersections are fixed points, so the "stirrups" in the "diameter-variable steel reinforcement cage" (CN109356151A) do not play a role which the stirrups of the true steel reinforcement cage should have at all.

The umbrella-shaped expansion head improves the compression-resistant bearing capacity of the expansion head of the anchor rod cable and the capacity of transmitting and diffusing load by times compared with the semi-rigid expansion heads (including various expansion heads with bags and without ribs) or the 'pseudo reinforcement cage' concrete expansion heads on the market in the past; the anti-pulling force of various reinforcement-free expansion heads or 'pseudo reinforcement cage' expansion head anchor cables in the prior art always needs to depend on the participation of frictional resistance factors, the umbrella-shaped expansion body device enables the expansion head anchor cables to completely break away the frictional resistance factors, the anti-pulling force which is improved in multiples can be obtained only by depending on the end bearing force provided by the rock-soil body at the bottom of the umbrella-shaped expansion head, and the frictional resistance factors do not need to be considered in design and calculation. The invention is not only suitable for conventional small-diameter anchor rods or anchor cables, but also suitable for medium-diameter to large-diameter anchor piles, such as long spiral drilled piles or screw-rod-type drilled piles arranged in the vertical, inclined or nearly horizontal direction, rotary drilled piles, dug piles, down-the-hole impact drilled piles, punched or convoluted drilled piles, multi-section disc concrete piles and other bottom-expanding piles or body-expanding piles; the invention is suitable for grouting or rotary spraying grouting process as well as concrete pouring process.

preferably, when the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is re-expanded to the designed size in the reaming section, the stirrups are also just straightened and tensioned, so when the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is assembled in a professional production plant or on a construction site, the length of each layer and each section of stirrups is adjusted except that the position of the limiting device is adjusted according to the designed size of the umbrella-shaped folding rod group, both ends of each section of stirrups are fixed by the rope clips to avoid the transverse sliding of the stressed tendons, the vertical tendons do not transversely slide along the stirrups due to the absence of transverse restraint as shown in fig. 35, and the stirrups are fixed by the rope clips and cannot transversely slide as shown in fig. 34. Of course, when the stirrup is woven by using flexible tensile materials such as steel wires and the like to form a diamond network connected to the folding rod positioning piece in an oblique and alternate manner (as shown in fig. 41), especially when the stirrup is woven by a hook method instead of an embossing method, even if measures such as knotting are not taken, the stirrup is woven to play a role in restraining the folding rod instead of the rope clamp, and at this time, the rope clamp measures can not be specially implemented.

in some cases, when the first film bag is made of a high-strength material (such as carbon fiber, high-strength nylon, aramid fiber, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, and the like), the size of the first film bag is equivalent to that of the umbrella-shaped folding rod group, and the first film bag can be tightly attached to the umbrella-shaped folding rod group, and each folding rod is fixed to the first film bag by densely distributed fixing devices, the first film bag can play a role of replacing a stirrup, and a stirrup measure can not be specially implemented any more, as shown in fig. 31 and 33, the fixing device can fix the first film bag to the folding rod by using screws, rivets, and the like, and can bind the film bag to the folding rod by using binding wires, steel wires, high-strength fiber ropes, and the like, and can adopt a longitudinal anti-slip measure, such as the folding rod with ribs or welding or adding rib-shaped protrusions to a smooth component.

further, the lacing wire disc can move along the front-back direction by taking the structural component as a slide rail, and/or the lacing wire disc can move along the front-back direction by taking the anchor rib and/or the structural component as a slide rail; wherein the structure of the construction member is: a plurality of structural members are arranged on the lacing wire disc and the lacing wire disc in a penetrating way, the front ends of the structural members are fixed on the lacing wire disc or movably penetrate through the lacing wire disc and extend forwards, and the rear ends of the structural members are fixed on the lacing wire disc or movably penetrate through the lacing wire disc and extend backwards; the plurality of structural members are distributed around the central axis of the lacing wire disc and the lacing wire disc, or the structural members are sleeved outside the anchor bars (such as shown in fig. 12 and 56), or the structural members are positioned on the central axis of the lacing wire disc and surrounded by the plurality of anchor bars and the plurality of folding rods (such as shown in fig. 58). The structural member can be a solid strip, a hollow tube or a cylinder, and the material can be steel, such as steel bars, steel pipes or square steel, and can also be engineering plastics, aluminum materials, glass fibers and the like.

when only the anchor bars are used as the sliding rails for the rib penetrating disc to move back and forth: two cases are included: no back splint (or back slab) condition: only a lacing wire disc and a lacing wire disc are arranged, an internal reset spring is arranged between the lacing wire disc and the lacing wire disc, and the lacing wire disc is fixed at the same time, so that the lacing wire disc slides back and forth under the control of the internal reset spring (for example, as shown in fig. 21, 44, 45 and 54); with a rear fascia (or rear anchor plate): additionally arranging a rear supporting plate (or a rear anchor plate), arranging an internal reset spring between the lacing wire disc and the lacing wire disc, or arranging an external reset spring between the lacing wire disc and the rear supporting plate, and simultaneously fixing the lacing wire disc to ensure that the lacing wire disc slides back and forth under the control of the internal reset spring or the external reset spring or under the combined control of the internal reset spring and the external reset spring, for example, as shown in fig. 22, 23, 63 (forward folding) and 42 (reverse folding). The anchor bars and the lacing wire disc can be directly fixed by adopting threaded connection or welding, bonding, buckling connection and pin shaft connection, or indirectly fixed by fixing the load conversion device and the lacing wire disc (such as shown in figure 64), and the like, and a pushing piece can be arranged on the rear side of the lacing wire disc and is matched with the load conversion device in front and back to be used as a fixing measure (such as shown in figure 1) between the anchor bars and the lacing wire disc; the pushing piece is a component which is fixed on the anchor bar or the rigid grouting pipe in a part of post-planting working conditions and used for pushing the umbrella-shaped expanding device into the drilled hole, the pushing piece is equivalent to a reducing step between a small-diameter section and a large-diameter section of the rotary jet drill rod in a self-carrying working condition, and the pushing piece cannot penetrate through a hole of the pushed component, through which the anchor bar or the grouting pipe penetrates; on the premise of not influencing the resilience of the return spring, the pushing piece can be arranged at any position on the anchor bar/rigid grouting pipe including the rear side of the lacing wire disc and can push any part; the pushing piece can also play a role of a front limiting device during forward folding or a front stopping device during reverse folding to participate in the formation of a three-hinge static structure; the pushing part can be a nut matched with the external thread of the anchor bar/rigid grouting pipe, a cold extrusion sleeve, a clamp matched with the transverse rib of the anchor bar/rigid grouting pipe, an anchorage device, a welded steel bar and the like, or a welding seam (on the premise of not influencing the anchor bar material and the bearing performance) between the anchor bar/rigid grouting pipe and a certain part of the umbrella-shaped expansion device, pin shaft connection, screw thread connection, buckle connection and the like.

when a plurality of structural components are arranged on the lacing wire disc and the lacing wire disc in a penetrating way to serve as the lacing wire disc and the sliding rail for the fore-and-aft movement of the lacing wire disc: two cases are included: the conditions of no front guide plate (or front anchor plate) and no rear support plate (or rear anchor plate) are as follows: only a lacing wire disc and a lacing wire disc are arranged, an internal reset spring is arranged between the lacing wire disc and the lacing wire disc, and the lacing wire disc is fixed at the same time, so that the lacing wire disc slides back and forth under the control of the internal reset spring, for example, as shown in fig. 56; or fixing the lacing wire disc to enable the lacing wire disc to slide back and forth under the control of an internal return spring, for example as shown in fig. 59; or the lacing wire disc and the lacing wire disc are not fixed, so that the lacing wire disc and the lacing wire disc can slide back and forth under the control of an internal reset spring, for example, as shown in fig. 25 (forward folding), fig. 32 (reverse folding) and fig. 46 (forward folding); the condition of a pilot plate (or a front anchor plate) and a rear supporting plate (or a rear anchor plate) is as follows: additionally arranging a first guide plate (or a front anchor plate) or a rear support plate (or a rear anchor plate) or simultaneously arranging the first guide plate (or the front anchor plate) and the rear support plate (or the rear anchor plate), arranging an internal reset spring between the lacing wire disc and the lacing wire disc, or arranging an external reset spring on the front side of the lacing wire disc and the rear side of the lacing wire disc, and simultaneously fixing the lacing wire disc to ensure that the lacing wire disc slides back and forth under the control of the internal reset spring or the external reset spring or under the combined control of the internal reset spring and the external reset spring, for example, as shown in fig. 12 (forward folding) and fig. 55 (reverse folding); or fixing the lacing wire disc to make the lacing wire disc slide back and forth under the control of an internal return spring or an external return spring or under the combined control of the internal return spring and the external return spring, for example, as shown in fig. 10 (forward folding) and fig. 30 (reverse folding); or the lacing wire disc and the lacing wire disc are not fixed, so that the lacing wire disc and the lacing wire disc can slide back and forth under the control of an internal reset spring or an external reset spring or under the combined control of the internal reset spring and the external reset spring, for example, as shown in fig. 27 (forward folding) and fig. 29 (reverse folding).

When the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is folded in the positive direction (as shown in figures 1 and 4): the front end of the structural component and the lacing wire disc can be fixedly connected by welding or bonding, and can also adopt modes such as threaded connection and buckle connection, and can also be back-pull connection, namely the structural component movably penetrates through the lacing wire disc, but the front end of the structural component is provided with a fixing part I, the fixing part I is in contact with the lacing wire disc and cannot penetrate through the lacing wire disc, the fixing part I can be a steel bar, a nut, a nylon ring and the like, and the fixing part I and the structural component can be connected by threads or welding, bonding, buckle connection, pin shaft connection and the like, as shown in figure 8. The rear end of the structural component and the fixed connection of the bar penetrating disc can be welded or bonded, threaded connection, buckle connection and the like can also be in back pull connection, namely the structural component movably penetrates through the bar penetrating disc, a fixing part II is arranged at the rear end of the structural component, the fixing part is in contact with the bar penetrating disc and cannot penetrate through the bar penetrating disc, the fixing part II can be a steel bar, a nut, a nylon ring and the like, and the fixing part II and the structural component can be in threaded connection or welded, bonded, buckled connection, pin connection and the like, as shown in fig. 7.

when the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is reversely folded (as shown in fig. 29 and fig. 45): the front end of the structural component and the lacing wire disc can be fixedly connected by welding or bonding, or by adopting a threaded connection mode, a buckling connection mode and the like, or the structural component can movably penetrate through the lacing wire disc, but a fixing part IV is arranged at the rear side of the lacing wire disc, the fixing part IV is in contact with the lacing wire disc and cannot penetrate through the lacing wire disc, the fixing part can be a steel bar, a nut, a nylon ring and the like, and the fixing part IV and the structural component can be connected by threads or welding, bonding, a buckling connection mode, a pin shaft connection and the like, as shown in figure 55. The rear end of the structural component can be fixedly connected with the bar penetrating disc by welding or bonding, or can be in threaded connection, buckling connection and the like, or the structural component can movably penetrate through the bar penetrating disc, but the front side of the bar penetrating disc is provided with a fixing piece III; the fixing piece III is in contact with the reinforcement penetrating disc and cannot penetrate through the reinforcement penetrating disc, the fixing piece III can be a steel bar, a nut, a nylon ring and the like, and the fixing piece III and the structural member are in threaded connection or welding, bonding, buckling connection, pin shaft connection and the like, as shown in figure 30. When the fixing member iv is used together with the fixing member iii, it may be incorporated as one integral member, and may be incorporated with the structural member, for example, as shown in fig. 29.

furthermore, when the folding state of the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is unlocked, the middle hinge is far away from the central axes of the lacing wire disc and the lacing wire disc under the action of the resilience force of the return spring, and the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is restored to an expanded state;

When the structural component movably penetrates through the lacing wire disc and extends forwards, a return spring is arranged between the lacing wire disc and/or on the front side of the lacing wire disc; when the reset spring is arranged on the front side of the lacing wire disc, a first guide plate is fixedly connected to a structural component on the front side of the reset spring, or the first guide plate and a guide cap positioned on the front side of the lacing wire disc are combined;

when the structural component movably penetrates through the tendon-penetrating disc and extends backwards, a return spring is arranged between the tendon-pulling disc and the tendon-penetrating disc and/or at the rear side of the tendon-penetrating disc; when a return spring is arranged at the rear side of the tendon-penetrating disc, a rear supporting plate (for example, as shown in fig. 12) is fixedly connected to a structural member or an anchor tendon at the rear side of the return spring;

When only the anchor bars are used as the sliding rails for the tendon-penetrating disc to move back and forth and the return spring is arranged at the rear side of the tendon-penetrating disc, the anchor bars at the rear side of the return spring are fixedly connected with the rear supporting plate, wherein the anchor bars are in a forward folding state such as shown in fig. 22 and 23, and in a reverse folding state such as shown in fig. 42.

When the structural member movably penetrates through the lacing wire disc and extends forwards, and the folding state of the umbrella-shaped folding rod group needs to be locked in front of the lacing wire disc but a return spring is not arranged in front of the lacing wire disc, a front anchor plate is additionally arranged and fixed at the front end of the structural member, or the front anchor plate and a guide cap positioned on the front side of the lacing wire disc are combined;

When the structural member movably penetrates through the rib penetrating disc and extends backwards, and the folding state of the umbrella-shaped folding rod group needs to be locked behind the rib penetrating disc but a return spring is not arranged behind the rib penetrating disc, a rear anchor plate is additionally arranged and fixed at the rear end of the structural member or on an anchor rib at the rear side of the rib penetrating disc;

When only the anchor bar is used as the sliding rail for the front and back movement of the bar penetrating disc, the folded state of the umbrella-shaped folding bar group needs to be locked behind the bar penetrating disc but a return spring is not arranged behind the bar penetrating disc, a rear anchor plate is arranged and fixed on the anchor bar at the rear side of the bar penetrating disc (for example, as shown in fig. 63).

when the structural member movably penetrates through the lacing wire disc and extends forwards, but a return spring and a first guide plate are not arranged in front of the lacing wire disc, and a front anchor plate is not arranged, the extending section is used as a sliding rail for the lacing wire disc to move forwards and backwards (for example, as shown in fig. 64);

When the structural member movably penetrates through the rib penetrating disc and extends backwards, but a return spring and a rear supporting plate are not arranged behind the rib penetrating disc, and a rear anchor plate is not arranged behind the rib penetrating disc, the extending section serves as a sliding rail for the rib penetrating disc to move forwards and backwards (for example, as shown in fig. 66);

the rear supporting plate or the rear anchor plate, and the front guide plate or the front anchor plate are generally in an integral circular shape, an annular shape or a split circular plate shape. The rear supporting plate or the rear anchor plate, the pilot plate or the front anchor plate can be made of the same or different materials as the lacing wire disc and the lacing wire disc. The rear supporting plate or the rear anchor plate, the pilot plate or the front anchor plate can be fixedly connected with the structural component and the anchor bar by welding (on the premise of not influencing the bearing performance of the anchor bar) or bonding, or by adopting a mode of threaded connection, buckle connection and the like, or by clamping the front guiding plate or the rear supporting plate by a structural component such as a front fixing part or a rear fixing part or a limiting device and the like, the fixing part or the limiting device can be connected with the structural component by threads or welding, bonding, buckle connection, pin shaft connection and the like, and the fixing part or the limiting device can be a reinforcing steel bar, a nut, a nylon ring and the like.

Further, when the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is folded in the positive direction: arranging a plurality of limiting devices, wherein the limiting devices are positioned on the rear side of the lacing wire disc and/or the front side of the lacing wire disc; the limiting device comprises one or more of a front limiting device, a rear limiting device and an integral limiting device; the limiting device is used for adjusting the distance between the lacing wire disc and the lacing wire disc, and is matched with the return spring to shape the geometric shape of the umbrella-shaped folding rod group after the expansion is recovered before the cement paste is solidified; the limiting device cannot penetrate through the lacing wire disc and the lacing wire disc; when the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is reversely folded: the limiting and retaining combined device is positioned on the front side of the lacing wire disc and/or the rear side of the lacing wire disc; the limiting and retaining combined device comprises a front retaining device, a front reverse limiting device, a rear retaining device and a rear reverse limiting device; the front reverse limiting device and the rear reverse limiting device are used for adjusting the distance between the lacing wire disc and the reinforcement penetrating disc, and are matched with a return spring to shape the geometric shape of the umbrella-shaped folding rod group after the expansion is recovered before the cement paste is solidified; when the lacing wire disc moves forwards, the lacing wire disc can pass through the front retaining device in a single direction, but is blocked by the front reverse limiting device; when the bar penetrating disc moves backwards, the bar penetrating disc can pass through the back stopping device in a single direction, but is blocked by the back reverse limiting device. In the scheme, or the limiting device is combined with the construction component, for example, as shown in fig. 12 and 57; or incorporating a forward reverse stop and/or a rearward reverse stop with the construction element, such as shown in fig. 29; or the front reverse limiting device is combined with the guide cap, for example, as shown in FIG. 58; or the stirrup or the first film bag is used instead of the limiting device, but provided that the stirrup or the first film bag has enough rigidity; or the stirrup or the first film bag is used for replacing the front reverse limiting device and/or the rear reverse limiting device, as shown in fig. 56, but the premise is that the stirrup or the first film bag has enough rigidity, and in this case, the umbrella-shaped expansion device takes a concave posture at the rear central part, which is unfavorable for bearing load and is generally not recommended to use;

when the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is folded in the positive direction, the structural component is used as a sliding rail, and the lacing wire disc is only allowed to slide back and forth, the front limiting device is only arranged on the rear side of the lacing wire disc, and the rear end of the structural component is fixed with the lacing wire disc (for example, as shown in fig. 9); or only installing an integral limiting device and fixing the rear end of the integral limiting device with the bar penetrating disc; when only the tendon-passing disk is allowed to slide back and forth, the rear limiting device is installed only on the front side of the tendon-passing disk, and the front end of the construction component is fixed with the tendon-pulling disk (for example, as shown in fig. 12 and 16), or only the integral limiting device is installed and the front end of the construction component is fixed with the tendon-pulling disk; when the lacing wire disc and the lacing wire disc are allowed to slide back and forth, a front limiting device and a rear limiting device are installed at the same time, or only an integral limiting device is installed; the fixing mode of the structural component and the lacing wire disc or the lacing wire disc can be that the limiting device and the fixing part are clamped together in tandem, and also can be various modes such as the welding mode and the like.

When the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is reversely folded, the structural component is taken as a sliding rail, and the lacing wire disc is only allowed to slide back and forth, the front reverse limiting device is only arranged on the front side of the lacing wire disc, or the front reverse limiting device and the load conversion device are combined (for example, as shown in figure 62), and the rear end of the structural component is fixed with the lacing wire disc (for example, as shown in figure 30); when the tendon-passing disk is only allowed to slide back and forth, a rear reverse limiting device is only installed on the rear side of the tendon-passing disk, and the front end of the construction component is fixed with the tendon-pulling disk (for example, as shown in fig. 55); when the lacing wire disc and the lacing wire disc are allowed to slide back and forth, the front reverse limiting device and the rear reverse limiting device are installed at the same time; the fixing mode of the structural component and the lacing wire disc or the lacing wire disc can be that the reverse limiting device and the fixing piece are clamped together in tandem, and can also be various modes such as the welding mode and the like.

when the umbrella-shaped folding rod group only uses the anchor bars as the sliding rails for the tendon-penetrating disc to move back and forth, the front ends of the anchor bars are fixed with the tendon-pulling disc, and a rear limiting device (for example, shown in fig. 21 and 23) is installed on the anchor bars on the front side of the tendon-penetrating disc, or a rear reverse limiting device (for example, shown in fig. 54 and 60) is installed on the anchor bars on the rear side of the tendon-penetrating disc.

specifically, when the umbrella-shaped folding rod group adopts forward folding:

An opening reset spring I is arranged between the guide plate and the lacing bar disc, or a tensioning reset spring I is longitudinally or approximately longitudinally arranged between the lacing bar disc and the lacing bar disc on the inner side of the folding rod, or between the long rod and the short rod, or between the lacing bar disc and the long rod, or between the lacing bar disc and the rear supporting plate, or an opening reset spring IV is transversely or approximately transversely arranged between the lacing bar disc and on the inner side of the folding rod, or a tensioning reset spring IV is arranged between the lacing bar disc and the long rod, or between the lacing bar disc and the short rod on the outer side of the folding rod, or the opening reset spring I, the tensioning reset spring I, the opening reset spring II, the opening reset spring IV and the tensioning reset spring IV are randomly combined for use; see fig. 50 and 51.

the connection of the limiting device with the anchor bars, the structural components, the lacing wire discs and the bar penetrating discs can adopt various modes such as welding, screw thread or buckle connection, pin shaft connection, cold extrusion sleeving connection and the like, but the premise is that the bearing performance of the anchor bars cannot be influenced; the adjustment of the distance between the lacing wire disc and the lacing wire disc is realized by adjusting the length of the integral limiting device or the distance between the front limiting device and the rear limiting device; the limiting device can be made of various rigid or semi-rigid materials or composite materials. The integral limiting device can be sleeved on the anchor bar in a tubular shape, can be sleeved on the structural component in a tubular shape, and can be independently and fixedly arranged on the lacing wire disc and the lacing wire disc in a strip shape or a tubular shape; preferably, the front limiting device and the rear limiting device can be made of materials such as steel bars and steel rings and are fixed on the structural member in a welding mode; or a high-strength nut can be adopted and sleeved on the external thread of the structural member through the internal thread; pins or bolts can also be adopted and transversely penetrated on the structural member; the front limiting device and the rear limiting device can also be arranged on the anchor bars or the rigid grouting pipes and the like.

When the umbrella-shaped folding rod group adopts reverse folding: a tensioning return spring II is arranged between the guide plate and the lacing wire disc, or an opening return spring III is arranged between the lacing wire disc and the lacing wire disc or between the long rod and the short rod or between the lacing wire disc or the short rod and the rear supporting plate, or an opening return spring IV is transversely or approximately transversely arranged between the lacing wire disc and the lacing wire disc or between the long rod and the short rod or between the long rod and the lacing wire disc or between the long rod and the rear supporting plate or between the inside of the long rod, or a tensioning return spring IV is arranged on the outer side of the folding rod or between the lacing wire disc and the long rod, or the tensioning return spring II, the opening return spring III, the tensioning return spring III, the opening return spring IV and the tensioning return spring IV are randomly combined for use; see fig. 52 and 53.

The limiting and stopping combined device can be arranged on a structural member, an anchor bar and the like; the front retaining device and the rear retaining device can adopt spring steel sheets, or latch-shaped bayonet locks driven by springs and spring sheets, and the like, and the front retaining device and the rear retaining device can be welded or adhered with structural members and anchor bars, connected by pin shafts, connected by screws, installed by slotting and drilling, and the like. The front reverse limiting device and the rear reverse limiting device can be made of materials such as steel bars, steel rings, steel pipes and the like and are fixed on the structural member in a welding mode, or high-strength nuts are adopted and are sleeved on external threads of the structural member through internal threads; pins or bolts can also be adopted and transversely arranged on the structural member in a penetrating way; the front reverse limiting device and the rear reverse limiting device can also be arranged on the anchor bar or the rigid grouting pipe, and can also be fixed on the front guide plate, the rear supporting plate and the like.

the reset spring can be selected according to different requirements to open the reset spring and tighten the reset spring. The expanding return spring is generally a spiral compression spring, but may be a spring steel sheet or a torsion spring. The tensioning return spring is a spiral tension spring, two ends of the tensioning return spring are provided with hooks, the hooks are hooked on the hanging ring during installation, and the hanging ring is fixedly connected with the corresponding attached component; the reset spring can also be attached to other components of the non-lacing wire disc, the first guide plate and the rear support plate; the hanging ring can adopt a ring part or a hook part, can also be a special hanging ring shown in fig. 16, and the like, and the hanging ring can be fixedly connected with the corresponding component by welding or threaded connection; but the tensioning return spring can also be a spring steel sheet or a torsion spring and the like. The spiral return springs can be respectively sleeved on each anchor bar, can also be respectively sleeved on each structural component, can also be sleeved on the rigid grouting pipe, or can be integrally sleeved outside all the anchor bars and all the structural components; however, the return springs are of various types, and when reliable measures are taken to ensure that the return springs or the suspension loops or the spring seats can be independently and firmly connected with the tendon-penetrating disc, the tendon-pulling disc, the folding rods, the hinge pin shafts and the like, the return springs can be not sleeved on the structural members or the anchor bars, such as a tensioning return spring II shown in fig. 30 and a tensioning return spring I shown in fig. 21; the tensioning return spring can also be arranged at other parts, such as a tensioning return spring I and a tensioning return spring IV in the figure 50; the expanding return spring can also be arranged at other parts, such as an expanding return spring IV, an expanding return spring III and the like in FIGS. 51 and 52; the installation direction of the return spring can be longitudinal, transverse or oblique.

The guide plate and the opening return spring I or the tensioning return spring II are implemented in a matched mode, and are installed simultaneously when installed and cancelled simultaneously when cancelled; the rear supporting plate and the opening return spring II or the tensioning return spring III are also implemented in a matched mode, and are installed simultaneously when installed and cancelled simultaneously when cancelled; under the condition that the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is opened by adopting a manual external pulling anchor bar or adopting a non-spring reset principle such as a brace rod front pushing-penetrating bar disc, the opening reset spring, the tensioning reset spring and the first guide plate or the front anchor plate, the rear support plate or the rear anchor plate are cancelled.

The umbrella-shaped expanding device with the basic structural characteristics, whether folded in the forward direction or folded in the reverse direction, has the pulling resistance which is difficult to achieve by various anchor rod cable expanding heads in the prior art.

for the purpose of demonstrating the creativity of the application more clearly, the umbrella-shaped expanding body structure of the application is compared with the existing 'reducing steel bar cage' (CN109356151A) more deeply and is explained as follows:

The umbrella-shaped enlarged head is used as a real end bearing type enlarged head, and the mechanical mechanism for providing the pulling resistance for the anchor rod and the anchor cable is as follows: the outside that the anchor muscle received is drawn the load, is carried out 180 degrees reversedly by load conversion equipment, has transmitted the lacing wire dish, changes into for the pressure to the lacing wire dish, and then transmits for the umbelliform enlarged footing, changes into for the pressure to the umbelliform enlarged footing, and then the umbelliform enlarged footing carries out umbelliform diffusion with this pressure, has transmitted the ground body for umbelliform enlarged footing bottom. The uplift resistance of the end-bearing type enlarged head anchor rod anchor cable comes from two aspects: firstly, the counterforce provided by the rock-soil body; second, the compressive strength of the head itself is increased. In a first aspect, the pullout resistance of the anchor cable in the prior art anchor cable is only dependent on the friction force generated by the bore wall of the rock-soil mass in the range of the diameter of the straight bore, while the umbrella-shaped enlarged head technique changes the technique into the one for (reverse) compressive stress of the rock-soil mass in the range of the large diameter of the bore hole bottom, since the compressive strength of the rock-soil mass is far beyond its frictional resistance, whereby the pullout resistance of the anchor cable in the end-bearing property provided by the umbrella-shaped enlarged head is far beyond the pullout resistance provided by the prior art anchor cable in the various conventional frictional resistance properties, or the pullout resistance provided by the enlarged head in the half-frictional-end-bearing property provided by the so-called "pressure-bearing" enlarged head. In a second aspect, the umbrella-shaped reinforcement cage concrete expansion head provided by the umbrella-shaped expansion body device has the advantages that the stirrups form strong and powerful lateral restraint on the vertical reinforcements (stressed reinforcements), the cage forming effect is good, the rigidity is very high, the grouting consolidation body is not required to be crushed or laterally extruded when the expansion head bears pressure, and the vertical reinforcements are not required to be transversely slid and bent to lose effect due to the fact that the stirrups are not transversely restrained when the expansion head bears pressure; meanwhile, the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is also a three-hinge static steel structure, so that the pulling resistance bearing capacity of the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is far beyond the bearing capacity of various previous non-rib enlarged heads and various 'pseudo-rib cage-shaped' enlarged heads.

on the compressive structure of umbelliform enlarged footing itself, the high compressive strength of umbelliform enlarged footing itself includes two aspects: firstly, an umbrella-shaped reinforcement cage consisting of an umbrella-shaped folding rod group, stirrups, a positioning piece and a rope clip and a grouting consolidation body form a reinforced concrete structure, and the structure bears the pressure converted by a load conversion device through a lacing wire disc at the front side of the structure; secondly, the umbrella-shaped expanding body device comprises two three-hinged static fixed steel structures, and the three-hinged static fixed steel structures are based on the reinforced concrete structure, so that the compressive strength of the umbrella-shaped expanding head is greatly improved.

the stress characteristics of two three-hinged static steel structures are described in the following, and the existing structure of the reducing steel reinforcement cage (CN109356151A) is compared:

The first three-hinge static fixed structure: when the anchor bar is unbonded, the rigid structural member, the limiting device, the retaining device, the fixing piece and the like are arranged, the structural member, the long rod and the short rod form a three-hinge steel structure together, a mechanical model of the three-hinge steel structure is shown in figure 36-a, the three-hinge structure belongs to a statically determinate structure according to the structural mechanics theory, and the three-hinge structure cannot be damaged or deformed after being subjected to external force (rock-soil body counter force P) as long as the structural member, the long rod, the short rod and the hinged strength range are within the range, so that the three-hinge statically determinate structure can provide high bearing capacity and deformation resistance. Meanwhile, the three-hinge structure is independently arranged outside the anchor bar, so that the anchor bar is rigid or flexible; and also in the initial state when the tendon is not pre-stressed as shown in fig. 36-b; or the subsequent prestressing of the anchor bars as shown in fig. 36-c, causing the anchor bars to undergo elongation deformation and reach a secondary state of corresponding equilibrium; or as shown in fig. 36-d, with the excavation of the foundation pit (or the restoration of the underground water level), the pulling load acting on the anchor bars increases until the pulling load exceeds the prestress value, and the anchor bars are elongated and deformed again and reach a new balanced final state, which cannot affect the formation and the stability of the three-hinged static fixed structure. Therefore, the three-hinged static fixed structure is an ideal compression-resistant structure and force transmission structure. This is the optimal three-hinge statically determinate structure.

The second three-hinge static fixed structure: when no structural member is arranged, the anchor bar is rigid and is bonded, a load conversion device, a rigid limiting device and a backstop device or a pushing piece and the like used for replacing a front limiting device and a front backstop device are fixedly arranged on the anchor bar, a three-hinged steel structure is formed by a long rod, a short rod and the anchor bar, a mechanical model of the three-hinged steel structure is shown in a figure 37-a, and the structure is still a static structure; when the tendon is not pre-stressed, the triple-hinge structure is in an initial statically determinate state as shown in fig. 37-b; but subsequently, due to the prestress applied to the anchor bars, the anchor bars are subjected to elongation deformation and reach corresponding balance, and the three-hinge structure is then in a secondary statically determinate state shown in fig. 37-c; with the excavation of the foundation pit (or the restoration of the underground water level), the drawing load acting on the anchor bars is increased until the drawing load exceeds the prestress value, the anchor bars are elongated and deformed again, new balance is achieved, and the three-hinge structure is in a final static state shown in the graph 37-d; although the hinge base is in dynamic change due to the elongation deformation of the anchor bars, the three-hinge static fixed structure is always present and is a static fixed structure of a variable base, and the three-hinge structure cannot be damaged or deform beyond the elongation deformation of the anchor bars when being subjected to external force (rock-soil body counter force P) within the strength range of the anchor bars, the long rods, the short rods and the hinge joint. Therefore, under the condition that no structural member is configured, the long rod, the short rod and the anchor bar can still form a three-hinged static steel structure and still form a bearing structure with better mechanical property and relative stability. However, since the rigid rear limiting device or the rear stopping device arranged on the front side of the tendon penetrating disc on the anchor tendon can cause the tendon penetrating disc to intercept the external pulling load finally, so that the external pulling load cannot be transmitted to the load conversion device at the front end of the anchor tendon according to the design will, the high bearing capacity and the deformation resistance of the static structure are suboptimal compared with those of the first three-hinge static structure. In addition, when the anchor bars and the rigid members are made of non-steel materials such as glass fiber and the like, the principle and the effect of generating high bearing capacity through the triple-hinged static structure are the same.

the existing 'reducing reinforcement cage' is essentially the same as the anchor cable of the prior framework type reinforcement cage expansion head, and is a four-hinge structure consisting of three hinge rods and anchor bars or other axis components, the mechanical model of the existing 'reducing reinforcement cage' is shown in figure 38-a, and people can know from structural mechanics that the four-hinge structure is statically indeterminate, namely, the structure cannot generate resistance force, as long as slight external force action is provided, the structure can rotate and topple over, the anchor bars such as rootless wood are easily pulled out, spokes are laid down, and the reinforcement cage cannot generate anti-pulling action on the anchor bars; as shown in fig. 38-b, 38-c, and 38-d, in the whole process of the anchor bar being pulled, the four-hinged structure cannot reach balance with the external force from beginning to end, and in addition, the aforesaid problem of no constraint between the stirrup and the vertical bar exists, the plurality of vertical bars arranged in the enlarged head cannot really function as the stressed steel bar, and the compression strength and the tensile strength of the structure are not actually much higher than those of the plain concrete, that is, the bearing capacity and the deformation resistance of the structure have a great difference compared with the two three-hinged statically definite structures included in the present application. Meanwhile, the existing 'reducing steel reinforcement cage' does not have a load conversion device and a tie bar disc structure, the function positioning and the characteristics of the 'rib' are unclear, the load cannot be transferred between the anchor bar and the vertical bar frame, the pulling force borne by the anchor bar cannot be transferred to the vertical bar frame to bear, the fence cannot jump out of the frictional resistance when the pulling resistance of the anchor rope is calculated, in other words, the 'reducing steel reinforcement cage' cannot realize the end-bearing type expansion head. The umbrella-shaped expanding head provided by the umbrella-shaped expanding body device is a real end bearing type expanding head, and only end bearing force (rock-soil body counter force) can be calculated without calculating frictional resistance. The long rod, the short rod, the structural member or the anchor bar all belong to a permanently stressed member in a three-hinged static structure, the stirrup, the positioning piece, the rope clamp or the first film bag and the fixing device all belong to permanently stressed members with definite functions in a reinforced concrete structure, and the spoke, the lantern ring and other parts are specially used for temporarily locking the folded state of the umbrella-shaped expanding device and are unrelated to the permanent bearing after the umbrella-shaped expanding device is re-expanded.

for the second three-hinged static fixed structure, namely when no structural member is configured, each limiting device is divided into a front limiting device and a rear limiting device which are separately arranged on the bonded anchor bars, the front limiting device and the rear limiting device can be respectively provided with semi-rigid material threaded sleeves or extrusion sleeves matched with the anchor bars, such as nylon, hard rubber, common aluminum materials and the like, and are sleeved or extruded on the anchor bars; preferably, the rear limiting device is made of a composite material, namely, a rigid material is sleeved or extruded on the anchor bars, and is isolated between the rigid material and the bar penetrating disc by a flexible-semi-rigid material (such as a rubber and plastic ring member), the thickness of the isolating material is equal to the elongation value of the umbrella-shaped enlarged head anchor bar under the limit value of bearing the designed pulling load, so that the anchor bars can completely transmit the external load to the load conversion device at the front end of the anchor bars, the rear limiting device and the bar penetrating disc are prevented from intercepting the external pulling load, and the umbrella-shaped enlarged head anchor bar with the bonded anchor bars can exert the bearing capacity of an umbrella-shaped reinforced concrete structure and a variable base triple-hinged static structure as much as possible.

For the reverse folding umbrella-shaped folding rod group without the structural component, the steel structures of the fixing piece III and the back stopping device act as the back limiting device, but the limiting directions are opposite. The reverse folding mode of the umbrella-shaped folding rod group has the defect that the long rod, the short rod and the rear hinge rod occupy mutually and are not easy to coordinate, but the long rod, the short rod, the front hinge rod or the rear hinge rod can be implemented into double rods, the front hinge rod and the rear hinge rod are arranged in a staggered axial position, the reinforcement penetrating disc is subjected to gap treatment at the collision position of the long rod, the hinge pin shaft is segmented, and the rear hinge rod is reversely arranged or laterally arranged; because the three-hinge static fixed structure is adopted, the bearing performance of the reverse-folded umbrella-shaped expanding device is good under the condition of ensuring the strength of the anti-retreat device.

furthermore, a guide cap is arranged on the front side of the lacing wire disc. The guide cap can be fixed on the guide plate or the lacing wire disc or the structural component or the anchor bar or the fixing component or the limiting device and the like and is connected in a screw thread or buckle or screw, welding and other modes, the guide cap can also be movably sleeved on the guide plate or the lacing wire disc, or anti-falling measures (such as anti-falling boots or anti-falling stoppers and the like) are additionally adopted at the tail part of the guide cap; or the components such as the first guide plate, the front reverse limiting device or the front apron plate and the like are combined with the guide cap (the guide cap is made into a solid component), so that the components such as the first guide plate, the front reverse limiting device or the front apron plate and the like are not required to be installed, as shown in fig. 27, 30 and 58. For the rear-planting type umbrella-shaped enlarged head anchor rod cable, the front end of the guide cap is in a tip and closed shape; for the self-carrying umbrella-shaped enlarged head anchor rod cable, the front end of the guide cap is in an opening shape so as to provide the small-diameter section of the jet grouting drill rod to movably pass through. The guide cap can be conical or can be in a barrel bin shape of a front cone and a rear barrel, and can be made of cast iron, cast steel, steel plates, hard plastic and the like. The guide cap is fixedly connected with other components in various connection modes such as welding, threaded connection, bolt connection, buckle connection and the like.

The device further comprises a plurality of grouting pipes, or a plurality of grouting pipes and a second membrane bag sleeved outside the umbrella-shaped expansion device, wherein the grouting pipes can be grouting pipes or rotary spraying grouting pipes, the grouting pipes are positioned in the umbrella-shaped expansion device or respectively positioned in the umbrella-shaped expansion device, outside the umbrella-shaped expansion device or penetrate through the umbrella-shaped expansion device from back to front, or the grouting pipes are arranged with the structural members or the anchor bars in a combined manner; the rear end of the second film bag is connected with the tendon-penetrating disc or the rear supporting plate, and the front end of the second film bag is connected with the tendon-stretching disc or the pilot plate. The grouting pipe can be arranged independently, can be arranged in combination with the construction member (when the construction member is made of pipes), and can also be arranged in combination with the anchor bars (when the anchor bars are made of pipes). The condition that the grouting pipe penetrates through the umbrella-shaped expansion device refers to that the grouting pipe is sprayed in a rotary mode, and when the membrane bag is used, only a grouting mode can be adopted, and rotary spraying grouting cannot be adopted; when the grouting pipe is arranged independently, the front end of the grouting pipe usually penetrates through the tendon-penetrating disc and is connected to the tendon-stretching disc or the tendon-penetrating disc, or penetrates through the tendon-stretching disc and is connected to the guide plate or the tendon-stretching disc, slurry outlets are arranged at positions between the tendon-stretching disc and the tendon-penetrating disc, between the guide plate and the tendon-stretching disc and the like, and the slurry outlet is arranged independently at a certain position or is arranged at multiple positions simultaneously according to engineering requirements; except that a grouting pipe is arranged in the umbrella-shaped body expanding device, the grouting pipe is arranged outside the umbrella-shaped body expanding device and is mainly used for the condition that the membrane bag is used for grouting and rock-soil bodies outside the membrane bag are not reinforced by rotary jet grouting, but whether the internal grouting and the external grouting of the umbrella-shaped body expanding device are respectively carried out or not, whether grouting pipe is used for retrograde grouting or not and other specific grouting processes are determined according to specific conditions; when the invention is applied to the reinforced concrete anchor pile with medium diameter or large diameter, the grouting pipe is correspondingly a concrete pipe. The rear end of the second film bag is connected with the tendon-passing disc or the rear supporting plate, and the front end of the second film bag is connected with the tendon-pulling disc or the pilot plate. The second membrane bag is used for limiting the concretion materials such as cement conveyed by the grouting pipe in the umbrella-shaped expansion device to be solidified without overflowing, and simultaneously isolating the environment medium outside the membrane bag so as not to interfere the slurry solidification in the membrane bag.

further, the device also comprises a front film bag, wherein the front film bag is used for protecting the load conversion device; when the rotary spraying drill rod penetrates through the umbrella-shaped expansion body device and undertakes the advanced rotary spraying work, the rotary spraying drill rod also comprises an inner membrane bag; the front end of the front membrane bag is provided with no opening or the opening is sealed by a guide cap or a pilot plate or a front anchor plate, the rear end of the front membrane bag is connected with one of the lacing wire disc, the pilot plate, the front end of the second membrane bag and the front end of the first membrane bag, the front membrane bag can be positioned on the outer side of the jet grouting drill rod and the inner side of the load conversion device shown in figures 4 and 6, or positioned on the front side of the lacing wire disc or the pilot plate shown in figures 1, 3 and 23, and the load conversion device and the front end of the anchor bar are integrally covered in the front membrane bag; the front end of the inner film bag is connected with the lacing wire disc, the rear end of the inner film bag is connected with the lacing wire disc and is positioned at the outer side of the jet grouting drill rod, all anchor bars, the umbrella-shaped folding rod group and the inner side of the structural member, as shown in figures 4 and 6. The front membrane bag is used for isolating the space on the front side of the load conversion device, which needs to be filled with the consolidation material, from an external environment medium during grouting, so that the former can not be interfered by the latter to solidify slurry, and the load conversion device and the front end of the anchor bar can be protected for a long time; the inner membrane bag is used for isolating the umbrella-shaped folding rod group from the external environment from the inner side under the condition that the umbrella-shaped expanding device is penetrated by the rotary spraying drill rod and is exposed to the external environment due to an internal cavity, so that the umbrella-shaped folding rod group cannot interfere the coagulation of grout in the umbrella-shaped expanding device, and long-term protection is performed on anchor bars, the folding rod group, structural members, limiting devices and the like. When the guide cap is not needed to be installed, or the connection between the guide cap and the lacing wire disc or the guide plate is not hindered, the front film bag and the second film bag can be combined to form a film bag, and the guide cap is movably sleeved outside the front end of the film bag, as shown in fig. 39 and 40; or an anti-drop device is additionally arranged at the tail part of the guide cap, as shown in figure 39.

In the application, each membrane bag material can be widely selected from various chemical fiber fabrics, plastic films, kraft paper, non-woven fabrics, cotton cloth, wool fabrics, canvas, high polymer fiber cloth, geotextile, composite geomembrane, glass fiber cloth, carbon fiber cloth, steel wire meshes or metal fiber meshes, fiber reinforced composite materials and other flexible materials according to actual needs.

when the anchor bar is a steel strand in a downdip state, the anchor bar is also provided with a reaming section centering bracket; when the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is folded in the forward direction, the reaming section centering support is a forward folding support folding rod group which is assembled in parallel and in the reverse direction, or a support folding rod group which is connected in series (folded in the forward direction or in the reverse direction); when the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is reversely folded, the reaming section centering support is a reversely-folded support folding rod group which is connected in parallel and reversely assembled, or a support folding rod group which is connected in series (forward or reverse folding); the support folding rod group comprises at least three support folding rods which form included angles with each other. The parallel connection means that the bracket folding rod group and the umbrella-shaped folding rod group share the lacing wire disc and the rib penetrating disc; the parallel and reverse assembly refers to that the lacing wire disc of the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is used as the lacing wire disc of the reaming section centering bracket, and the lacing wire disc of the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is used as the lacing wire disc of the reaming section centering bracket; the series connection means that the bracket folding rod group is positioned in front of the umbrella folding rod group, and shares the lacing wire disc and the structural component with the umbrella folding rod group or shares the structural component without sharing the lacing wire disc (namely, a set of bracket folding rod group is separately arranged in addition), or neither the structural component nor the lacing wire disc is shared (namely, a separate structural component is additionally arranged and is connected in series with the component of the original umbrella-shaped body expanding device). The folding rod of the support can be the same as the folding rod of the umbrella-shaped folding rod group in number and specification, and can also be different in number and specification, the folding rod of the support also comprises a long support rod and a short support rod which are mutually hinged through a middle hinge, and the long support rod and the short support rod are both hinged with a lacing wire disc or a lacing wire disc of the reaming section centering support. The hole expanding section centering support can share the same set of pre-shrinking and unlocking structure with the umbrella-shaped folding rod group, or can be used in series, or can be additionally and independently provided with the pre-shrinking and unlocking structure. Reaming section centering support disposes the stirrup and with support folding rod fixed connection. The support folding rod groups connected in series can be folded in the forward direction and can also be folded in the reverse direction.

The existing various downward-inclined umbrella-shaped enlarged head anchor cables and most of the enlarged head anchor cables in the market are not centered at the hole expanding section, so that the front end of the body expanding device falls down under the action of gravity, as shown in fig. 39-b, and three hazards are caused: firstly, the anchor cable is bent at the outer opening part of the reaming section, so that the stress and deformation of each steel strand are uneven in the prestress tensioning and excavation bearing stages, and hidden danger on the supporting safety is brought; secondly, the front end of the body expanding device cannot be centered by the film bag grouting measure, and the body expanding device is not centered to cause uneven stress, so that the reduction of the bearing performance of the expanding head and the reduction of the safety coefficient are brought; thirdly, when the steel strand needs to be recovered, the bending of the outer opening part of the reaming section further increases the recovery difficulty of the steel strand. The invention adopts the measure of installing the centering bracket of the reaming section, for example, as shown in fig. 7, 39-a, 67, 68, 69 and 70, the problem of falling of the front end of the body expanding device is pertinently solved, and the folding rods of the original umbrella-shaped folding rod group are directly reversely assembled to be used as the centering bracket in fig. 7, 39-a and 69. Of course, when the length of the long rod and the short rod in the umbrella-shaped body expanding device is close to or equal to that of the short rod, the umbrella-shaped body expanding device can play a role in centering without installing a special hole expanding section centering bracket.

Furthermore, when the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is folded in a forward folding mode, the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is provided with an invagination prevention device, and invagination means that the middle hinge is offside to the inner side of a connecting line of the front hinge rod and the rear hinge rod when the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is contracted. The forward folding needs to be provided with an anti-invagination device to avoid obstacles in the process of re-opening, the anti-invagination device can be provided with corner limitation at a middle hinge, such as a baffle attached to a pin shaft of the middle hinge or a long rod or a short rod, or can be an isolating ring, a gasket, a cushion block or diameter-changing measures attached to an anchor bar or a structural member or a folding rod; certainly, on the premise that the diameter of the drill hole is allowed and the umbrella-shaped expansion body device is not passively contracted due to the diameter reduction of the drill hole in the implantation process, the umbrella-shaped expansion body device can be in a slightly expanded state by means of the arrangement of the position of the fixing piece or the adjustment of the position, the length, the rigidity and the like of the return spring when the pre-contraction state is locked, so that the installation of the anti-invagination device is avoided; and an elastic cushion block can be used, so that the middle hinge part can be automatically corrected and reset even if the middle hinge part is seriously extruded to cause invagination.

The use method of the pre-folding type all-working-condition umbrella-shaped body expanding device comprises the following steps:

step A, pre-shrinking of the umbrella-shaped body expanding device: after the umbrella-shaped expansion device is assembled and before the umbrella-shaped expansion device is implanted into a drill hole, the anchor bars, the load conversion device and the lacing wire disc slide forwards relative to the lacing wire disc through external force, and the middle hinge is close to the central axis of the lacing wire disc and the central axis of the lacing wire disc, so that the pre-shrinkage of the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is realized; step B, locking the pre-shrinking state of the umbrella-shaped expanding device: when the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is pre-contracted to be within the axial projection range of the lacing wire disc, locking the contraction state of the umbrella-shaped folding rod group; and C: pushing the umbrella-shaped expanding device: the umbrella-shaped expanding device applies thrust to enter a drill hole by a propelling mechanism under the condition that a pre-shrinking procedure is finished until the umbrella-shaped expanding device enters a preset expanding section; step D: and (3) re-expanding the umbrella-shaped body expanding device: after the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is implanted into the reaming section, the locking state is unlocked, the lacing wire disc slides backwards relative to the lacing wire disc under the action of the reset elasticity of the reset spring, and the middle hinge is far away from the central axes of the lacing wire disc and the lacing wire disc, so that the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is opened again; the method of releasing the locked state is to release the distance lock or the angle lock. In the method, the return spring is one or more of expanding return springs I, II, III and IV and tensioning return springs I, II, III and IV.

The pre-shrinking method of the umbrella-shaped expanding device is a post-assembling method or a first assembling method:

A post-assembly method: the method comprises the steps of compressing or tensioning a return spring in advance, then completing the assembly of the umbrella pile expanding device, enabling the return spring to be deformed in front and to generate active deformation under the action of external force instead of passive deformation under the driving of a tie bar disc and a tie bar penetrating disc, namely enabling the return spring to generate compression or tensioning deformation of a set amount through external force in advance, taking temporary shaping measures on the return spring, then assembling the umbrella pile expanding device, after the assembly is completed, determining that an umbrella-shaped folding rod group is pre-contracted in place, locking the pre-contracted state, and then releasing the temporary shaping measures of each return spring, wherein the method does not need to overcome the resistance of the return spring when the umbrella pile expanding device is contracted; wherein, the pre-compression or pre-tension of the return spring is generally realized by adopting a hydraulic machine or a lever type force application device; the temporary shaping of the opening reset spring generally adopts restraint measures such as reinforcing steel bars, steel wires, fiber ropes and the like, and the restraint measures such as the reinforcing steel bars, the steel wires, the fiber ropes and the like are cut off after the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is pre-contracted and locked in place; the temporary shaping of the tensioning return spring needs to adopt a support measure, and the support measure is removed after the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is pre-contracted in place and locked;

firstly, the method comprises the following steps: firstly, the assembly of the umbrella-shaped expanding device is completed, then the pre-contraction of the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is carried out, the reset spring is deformed later and is driven by the lacing wire disc and the lacing wire disc to generate passive deformation, and the umbrella pile expanding device has to overcome the resistance of the reset spring when being contracted; namely: for the screw-type anchor bar or the screw-type structure component corresponding nut-type limiting device and reverse limiting device, the nut-type limiting device, the reverse limiting device or the tool hoop/tool nut are used for spirally lifting and moving on the structure component or the anchor bar, so that the reset spring is deformed, and the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is pre-contracted in place; after the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is locked in the contraction state, the nut type limiting device and the reverse limiting device are moved and restored to the corresponding positions when the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is in the designed expansion state, or the tool hoop/the tool nut are disassembled or moved back to the positions which do not hinder the expansion of the umbrella-shaped folding rod group; for the condition of non-screw anchor bars and non-screw structural components, when the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is folded in the forward direction, a tool screw or a cylinder or a hydraulic jack can be arranged between the lacing wire disc and the lacing wire disc, and the lacing wire disc are mutually jacked open so as to contract the umbrella-shaped folding rod group and further lock the umbrella-shaped folding rod group, and the integral limiting device can also be designed into a thread telescopic type or a gas-liquid pressure telescopic type and also can be used as a tool screw or a gas-liquid cylinder; when the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is folded reversely, the method that the rib penetrating disc is pushed forwards by a tool or a drill rod, and the rib pulling disc is pulled backwards by an anchor rib or a tool bolt so as to shrink the umbrella-shaped folding rod group and lock the umbrella-shaped folding rod group can be adopted; for the self-carrying umbrella-shaped expanding device, the assembled umbrella-shaped expanding device can be arranged on a rotary spraying drill rod, the rotary spraying drill rod pushes the umbrella-shaped expanding device to drill into a soil layer hole or a mold hole, a guide plate or a guide cap, a tendon pulling disc, a tendon penetrating disc and a back supporting plate are forced to move relatively through pushing force and position limitation, so that a reset spring is deformed, and an umbrella-shaped folding rod group is contracted; when the umbrella-shaped expanding device is folded in the forward direction, the stretching plate or the rear supporting plate can be pushed by adopting the method for pre-shrinking; when the umbrella-shaped expanding device is folded reversely, the pre-shrinking by adopting the method can push a bar-penetrating disc (as shown in figure 44) or a guide plate or a guide cap part, and the retaining device is arranged and arranged at the rear position;

the pre-contraction state locking method of the umbrella-shaped expanding device comprises the following steps:

locking is carried out on the premise that each layer of stirrups is fixedly connected with each folding rod, and the locking mode is distance locking or angle locking;

The distance locking comprises longitudinal distance locking and transverse distance locking; the longitudinal distance locking method is any one of the following methods: locking the distance between the pilot plate and the lacing wire disc, locking the distance between the lacing wire disc and the lacing wire disc, and locking the distance between the lacing wire disc and the rear supporting plate; the method for locking the transverse distance is any one of the following methods: locking the distance between the middle hinges, locking the distance from the middle hinges to the central axis of the lacing wire disc and the central axis of the lacing wire disc, locking the distance between the long rods, locking the distance between the short rods, and locking the distance from the long rod or the short rod to the central axis of the lacing wire disc and the central axis of the lacing wire disc;

the angle locking method is any one of the following methods: locking an included angle between the long rod and the short rod, locking an included angle between the long rod and the lacing wire plate, and locking an included angle between the short rod and the lacing wire plate;

the propulsion method of the umbrella-shaped body expanding device is a direct pushing method or an indirect pushing method:

direct push-out method: the propelling mechanism pushes the rear end face of any non-guiding cap or the rigid or semi-rigid component of the first guide plate or the front anchor plate in the umbrella-shaped body expanding device forwards, namely: directly pushing the umbrella-shaped body expanding device; when the guide cap is arranged, the guide cap or the first guide plate or the front anchor plate is connected with other components in the umbrella-shaped body expanding device, and the umbrella-shaped body expanding device pushes or drives the guide cap to advance (in short, the guide cap is pushed backwards and forwards); for example, fig. 3, 6, 12, 23, 30, 56, 60, 62.

indirect pushing method: the propelling mechanism pushes the rear end of the guide cap or the bottom surface of the slot hole of the guide cap or the pilot plate or the front anchor plate or the load conversion device forwards, and the guide cap or the pilot plate or the front anchor plate or the load conversion device is connected with other components in the umbrella-shaped body expanding device to drag the umbrella-shaped body expanding device to advance by the guide cap or the first guide plate or the front anchor plate or the load conversion device, namely: indirectly pushing the umbrella-shaped body expanding device (in short, pulling forwards and backwards); such as shown in fig. 10, 19, 32, 58, 59, 61; in the umbrella-shaped expanding device in fig. 9, the anchor bars are used as the pushing mechanism for indirect method, and the unlocking bars are used as the pushing mechanism for direct method.

the propulsion mechanism can be a anchor bar (such as shown in fig. 10, 21, 23, 55 and 56), a rigid grouting pipe (such as shown in fig. 8, 27 and 58), a recovery rod (such as shown in fig. 16), an unlocking rod (such as shown in fig. 9) and the like, and a part of the post-implantation working condition adopts anchor bar pushing.

when the anchor bar is used for pushing, for the adhered anchor bar, the anchor bar or the load conversion device can be used for fixedly connecting with each part of the umbrella-shaped expansion body device to directly push (for example, as shown in a figure 62) or directly push in a variation mode (for example, as shown in a figure 12 and a figure 56), or an indirect method (for example, as shown in a figure 55) or indirectly push in a variation mode (for example, as shown in a figure 61), namely, the anchor bar or the load conversion device pushes a guide cap or a guide plate or a front anchor plate so as to drag the umbrella-shaped expansion body device to be implanted together; for unbonded tendons, including unbonded stranded wires, steel bars and the like, which cannot be provided with a jacking member because the anchor bar jacket (PE pipe and the like) cannot be damaged, an indirect anchor bar jacking method can be adopted, including an indirect method (for example, as shown in figures 61 and 64) of dragging an umbrella-shaped expanding device by using a load conversion device, and other direct non-anchor bar jacking methods (for example, as shown in figures 8 and 16) can also be adopted.

When the anchor bar/rigid grouting pipe is used as a propelling mechanism and is directly pushed, a pushing piece can be used, the pushing piece is fixed on the anchor bar/rigid grouting pipe and cannot pass through a hole of a pushed part through which the anchor bar/rigid grouting pipe passes, and the pushing piece can be arranged at any position on the anchor bar/rigid grouting pipe and can push any part in the umbrella-shaped expansion device on the premise of not influencing the rebound of a return spring;

because the load conversion device can move forwards relative to the lacing wire disc by the indirect pushing method, the anchor bars should be pulled backwards outside the drill holes after the umbrella-shaped expansion device is expanded again and before grouting is finished, so that the load conversion device is installed in place.

the re-expanding method of the umbrella-shaped body expanding device comprises the following steps: the distance locking or the angle locking is released, the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is re-opened under the action of the reset elasticity of the reset spring and is immediately limited by the limiting device or the front reverse limiting device and the rear reverse limiting device.

further, the distance locking or angle locking method includes a bolt method, a pin latch method, a jet grouting separation method, an electromagnetic control method, a rope tying method, a hot melting method, an air bag or liquid bag method, a grouting pipe locking method, an outer cover method, a push rod method, a rope winding method, a pneumatic or hydraulic pin method, and a hoop locking method, and can be selected at will.

compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

1. the umbrella-shaped expanding body device improves the self pressure-resistant bearing capacity of the anchor rod cable expanding head and the capacity of transferring and diffusing load; the umbrella-shaped expanding device not only can completely break up the friction factor, but also can obtain the doubly improved pulling resistance only by the end bearing force provided by the rock-soil body at the bottom of the umbrella-shaped expanding head, and does not need to consider the friction factor during design and calculation, and the corresponding using method ensures that the umbrella-shaped expanding device under all working conditions can realize pre-folding before implantation, implantation in a non-buttress state and recovery expansion after reaching a preset depth.

2. The invention avoids the engineering safety defect caused by the 'reducing reinforcement cage' lacing type reducing in the prior art, and ensures the high bearing performance and high safety of the umbrella-shaped enlarged head technology; the invention is not only suitable for conventional small-diameter anchor rods or anchor cables, but also suitable for medium-diameter or large-diameter anchor piles, such as long spiral drilled piles or screw rod type drilled piles arranged in the vertical, inclined or nearly horizontal direction, rotary drilled piles, dug piles, down-the-hole impact drilled piles, punched or convoluted drilled piles, multi-section disc concrete piles and other bottom-expanded piles or body-expanded piles; the invention is suitable for grouting or rotary spraying grouting process as well as concrete pouring process.

3. the invention realizes the structural alignment of the enlarged head hole section by additionally arranging the centering support, namely the support folding rod groups which are connected in parallel or in series, solves the problem that the enlarged head anchor cable structure is not fallen off before, changes the condition that the stress of each anchor cable is uneven in the previous prestress construction stage and the subsequent anchor cable operation stage, improves the safety degree of the enlarged head anchor cable engineering, and simultaneously reduces the difficulty of anchor cable recovery.

Drawings

the accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a front view of the structure of the present invention in a post-implantation condition in an uncollapsed state;

FIG. 2 is a top view of section A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a front elevational view of the pre-collapsed configuration of the present invention during post-implantation into a borehole;

FIG. 4 is a front view of the structure of the present invention in a self-contained mode, in an uncollapsed state;

FIG. 5 is a top view of section B-B of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a front elevational view of the structure of the present invention in a pre-collapsed condition during self-carrying into a borehole;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the present invention using a bolt method one under a post-planting type working condition and including a folding rod assembly of a reverse assembled bracket;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention using a bolt method under a post-planting type working condition;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the present invention using a bolt method under a post-planting type working condition;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the present invention using a pin latch method under a post-planting mode;

FIG. 11 is a top view at section C-C of FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention using a pin latch method under a post-planting mode;

FIG. 13 is a top view at section D-D of FIG. 12;

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a spin-spray separation method under a portable operating condition according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention using a jet spinning method under a portable working condition;

FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of the present invention implemented by an electromagnetic control method under a post-planting type working condition;

FIG. 17 is a schematic view of the present invention implemented by a longitudinal rope tying method under a self-carrying condition;

FIG. 18 is a schematic view of the present invention in its non-contracted state, as implemented by a transverse tying method under a self-contained operating condition;

FIG. 19 is a schematic view of the present invention implemented in a portable mode using a lateral roping method, in a pre-retracted state during reaming;

FIG. 20 is a top view of the present invention at section E-E;

FIG. 21 is a schematic view showing an example of the umbrella-shaped expanding device without a rear support plate in a rear-planting type working condition when the device is folded forward, implemented by a longitudinal tying method, in a state before being contracted and in a state after being re-expanded;

FIG. 22 is a schematic view of an umbrella-shaped expansion device with a rear support plate under a rear-planting working condition in a forward folding mode according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, wherein a longitudinal tying method is adopted for construction;

FIG. 23 is a schematic view of the present invention implemented in a post-implantation mode using a lateral tethering method;

FIG. 24 is a top view at section F-F of FIG. 23;

FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention using a slip casting tube locking method under a portable working condition;

FIG. 26 is a top view at section G-G of FIG. 25;

FIG. 27 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention implemented by a grouting pipe locking method under a post-planting type working condition;

FIG. 28 is a top view at section H-H of FIG. 27;

FIG. 29 is a front view of the present invention in a post-implantation mode in a reverse folded configuration;

FIG. 30 is a schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the present invention using a slip casting pipe locking method under a post-planting type working condition;

FIG. 31 is a schematic diagram showing a state after the third embodiment of the present invention is performed by using a slip casting tube locking method during reverse folding and re-tensioned;

FIG. 32 is a schematic view of the present invention implemented by a hot-melt control method under a post-planting mode during reverse folding;

FIG. 33 is a schematic view showing the state of the umbrella-shaped expanding device after the tying rope is fused and the umbrella-shaped expanding device is expanded when the umbrella-shaped expanding device is folded in the reverse direction;

FIG. 34 is a schematic view of the steady state deployment of the umbrella folding pole assembly of the present invention under pressure;

FIG. 35 is a schematic view showing the state of the vertical bars being bent and deformed when a "diameter-variable steel reinforcement cage" is pressed in the prior art;

FIG. 36-a is a three-hinge statically determinate structural mechanics model formed by an umbrella-like folding pole set with structural members of the present invention;

FIG. 36-b is a force diagram illustrating the initial state of the three-hinged static structure formed by the umbrella-shaped folding pole set with the structural members of the present invention;

FIG. 36-c is a schematic view of the secondary stress of the three-hinged static structure formed by the umbrella-shaped folding pole set with the structural members of the present invention;

FIG. 36-d is a force diagram illustrating the resulting state of the three-hinged statically determinate structure formed by the umbrella-like folding pole set with structural members of the present invention;

FIG. 37-a is a three-hinge statically determinate structural mechanics model formed by an umbrella-like folding pole set without structural members in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 37-b is a force diagram illustrating the initial state of the three-hinged static structure formed by the umbrella-shaped folding rod set without the structural member according to the present invention;

FIG. 37-c is a schematic view of the stress on the secondary state of the three-hinged static structure formed by the umbrella-shaped folding rod set without the structural member according to the present invention;

FIGS. 37-d are force diagrams illustrating the resulting state of the three-hinge statically determinate structure formed by the umbrella-shaped folding pole set without structural members according to the present invention;

FIG. 38-a is a prior art four-hinge non-statically determinate structural mechanics model;

FIG. 38-b is a force diagram illustrating the initial state of a prior art four-hinge non-statically determinate structure;

FIG. 38-c is a graph illustrating stress on a secondary state of a four-hinge non-statically determinate structure in the prior art;

FIG. 38-d is a diagram illustrating the resulting state forces of a prior art four-hinge non-statically determinate configuration;

FIG. 39-a is a diagram showing the effect of the downtilt enlarged head anchor cable of the present invention using the parallel and reverse assembled foldable rod set of the bracket as the centering bracket;

FIG. 39-b is a diagram illustrating a situation in which a downward inclination enlarged head anchor cable is dropped due to no effective centering measure in the prior art;

FIG. 40 shows an example of the connection of a guide cap, a clip, a film bag and a guide plate or a tie plate according to the present invention;

FIG. 41 is a diagonal weave web stirrup in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 42 is a schematic view of the implementation of the present invention in a retro-fit mode using air cells or liquid cells during reverse folding;

FIG. 43 is a schematic view of the invention in a relaxed state after deflation of the bladder or sac;

FIG. 44 is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the present invention using a jet spinning separation method under a portable working condition when folded in a reverse direction;

FIG. 45 is a schematic diagram of the present invention implemented by a slip casting tube locking method under a portable working condition when folded reversely;

FIG. 46 is a schematic view of the present invention implemented in a post-implantation mode using a housing method;

FIG. 47 is an illustration of a profile hinge assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 48 is an exemplary view of a folding bar, hinge bar, of the present invention folded in a forward direction;

FIG. 49 is an illustration of an inverted fold bar, hinge bar, lacing wire disk of the present invention;

FIG. 50 is an exemplary method of laying the tension return spring during forward folding according to the present invention;

FIG. 51 is a schematic view showing an example of a method for arranging the expanding return springs in the forward folding of the present invention;

FIG. 52 is a first exemplary method of positioning the tension return spring and the tension return spring during reverse folding according to the present invention;

FIG. 53 illustrates an exemplary second method for disposing the tension return spring and the tension return spring during the reverse folding according to the present invention;

FIG. 54 is a schematic diagram of the present invention implemented by a post-planting method under a backward folding condition;

FIG. 55 is a schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the present invention using a pin latch method under the post-implantation condition when the device is folded in the reverse direction.

FIG. 56 is a schematic view showing that the stirrup replaces the forward and backward limiting device, the tubular structural member is sleeved outside the anchor bar, and the bar penetrating disc slides along the tubular structural member;

FIG. 57 is an example of the incorporation of a spacing device with a structural member in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 58 is an exemplary forward/reverse limiting device and a guiding cap incorporated for pushing the umbrella-shaped expanding device by indirect pushing according to the present invention;

FIG. 59 is an example of the device of the present invention, which is reversely folded, and which uses a cylindrical structural member to cover the anchor bars under the post-implantation type working condition and pushes the umbrella-shaped expanding body through the guiding cap by indirect pushing.

FIG. 60 is a schematic view of a transverse tethering method implemented when the anchor bars and grouting pipes are arranged in combination in a post-planting mode in the case of reverse folding according to the present invention;

FIG. 61 is an example of the present invention in which a load transfer device is fixedly connected to a tubular structural member to push an umbrella-shaped expansion device by indirect pushing;

FIG. 62 is an example of the device of the present invention that when folded in the reverse direction, the cylindrical structural member is sleeved outside the anchor bars under the post-planting working condition to push the umbrella-shaped expanding body by direct pushing.

FIG. 63 is a schematic diagram of the present invention applied to a latch method under a rear-planting mode when folded forward.

FIG. 64 is a schematic view of the present invention implemented in a post-implantation mode with a cord-winding method during forward folding.

FIG. 65 is a top view at section J-J of FIG. 64;

fig. 66 is an example of a structural member passing backward through a tendon-passing disk as a tendon-passing disk slide rail when no rear support plate or rear anchor plate is provided in the present invention;

FIG. 67 is an exemplary embodiment of the present invention with a centering holder for a reaming section;

FIG. 68 is an illustration of an embodiment of the present invention incorporating a centering bracket for the reaming section;

FIG. 69 illustrates an embodiment of the present invention incorporating a pair of centering brackets with a reamer section;

FIG. 70 illustrates an embodiment of the present invention with a centering support for a reaming section;

FIG. 71 is a schematic view of the present invention implemented by a pneumatic or hydraulic pinning method under a post-planting type working condition when folded in a forward direction;

FIG. 72 is a schematic view of the present invention implemented by hoop locking under the post-planting mode when folded forward;

fig. 73 is a front and rear plan view of the detachable anchor ear shown in fig. 72.

reference numbers and corresponding part names in the drawings:

1-anchor bar, 2-load transfer device, 3-lacing wire disc, 3-2-centering support lacing wire disc, 4-2-centering support lacing wire disc, 5-long rod, 5-2-long support rod, 6-short rod, 6-2-short support rod, 7-front hinge device, 8-rear hinge device, 9-rear support plate, 10-front guide plate, 11-opening return spring I, 12-opening return spring II, 13-tensioning return spring I, 14-front limiting device, 15-rear limiting device, 16-pushing part, 17-positioning part, 18-hoop bar, 19-grouting pipe, 20-rope clip, 21-construction member, 22-guide cap, 23-a fixing piece I, 24-a composite material rear limiting device, 25-an integral limiting device, 26-a hanging ring, 27-a grout outlet, 28-an earring, 29-a connecting sleeve, 30-a pre-drilled hole, 31-a pre-reaming section, 32-a grouting consolidation body, 33-a soil-retaining structure, 34-a steel backing plate, 35-an external anchor, 36-a fixing piece II, 37-a pipe joint, 38-a PE pipe, 39-a middle hinge, 40-ultrahigh pressure jet, 41-a plane bearing, 42-a rotary spraying drill rod small-diameter section, 43-a rotary spraying drill rod large-diameter section, 44-a binding rope, 45-a knot, 46-a release channel, 47-a rope head group I, 48-an inner anchor, 49-an outer anchor, 50-a protective sleeve, 51-a rope head group II, 52-guide means, 53-tendon channel, 54-unlatching cable, 55-bolt, 56-spindle, 57-latching cable, 58-latching handle, 59-latching, 60-latching sleeve, 61-head, 62-fixed pulley, 63-unlatching lever, 64-unlatching channel, 65-bolt, 66-nut, 67-bracket, 68-step, 69-extratubular wire, 70-downthehole wire, 71-second membrane bag, 72-spoke, 73-collar, 74-slurry and exhaust channel, 75-front membrane bag, 76-spacer, 77-loop, 78-waterproof electromagnet, 79-armature, 80-return spring, 81-recovery rod, 82-latching frame I, 83-spud, 84-roller, 85-bolt frame II, 86-shell leg, 87-assembly shell, 88-anti-slip device, 89-buckle, 90-reaming section centering bracket, 91-slotted hole I, 92-slotted hole II, 93-high pressure pipe, 94-sac, 95-first film bag, 96-tensioning return spring II, 97-tensioning return spring III, 98-opening return spring III, 99-front reverse limiting device, 100-rear reverse limiting device, 101-front retaining device, 102-rear retaining device, 103-fixing device, 104-fixing device III, 105-high-strength low-melting binding rope, 106-fixing device IV, 107-electric lead, 108-electric heating device, 109-opening return spring IV, 109-4-spring piece, 109-5-torsion spring, 110-tensioning return spring IV, 111-spring seat, 112-temporary fixing device, 113-clamp screw, 114-valve, 115-outer cover, 116-front variable diameter step, 117-rear variable diameter step, 118-pull rod, 119-tying member, 120-buffer device, 121-ejector rod, 122-front concrete slab, 123-rear concrete slab, 124-blocking device, 125-windlass, 126-ejector rod seat, 127-plug pin, 128-plug pin rope, 129-support, 130-outer cylinder, 131-one-way gear, 132-bearing, 133-inner membrane bag, 134-sealing device, 135-one-way piston cylinder, 136-piston rod, 137-medium, 138-hoop, 138-1-left semi-arc, 138-2-anchor ear right half arc, 139-wedge groove, 140-wedge bulge, 141-mounting pin hole and 142-mounting pin.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not used as limitations of the present invention.