阅读说明：本技术 特厚煤层工作面初采初放期间深孔预裂***方法 (Deep hole presplitting blasting method during initial mining and initial setting period of working face of extra-thick coal seam ) 是由 边俊奇 刘少杰 何福胜 赵启安 兰晓江 陈志平 李国辉 靳造造 亢鹏飞 马腾 王 于 2019-07-21 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及特厚煤层放顶煤采煤方法,具体为特厚煤层工作面初采初放深孔预裂爆破方法。解决缺少提高特厚煤层初采初放期间煤炭回收率方法的问题。本发明给出一种特厚煤层工作面初采初放期间深孔预裂爆破方法,采用深孔循环爆破技术,在打眼、装药过程中均使用了创新手段,爆破后破坏了顶板的完整性,使得顶煤岩层及时垮落,形成煤矸垫层,缩短放顶煤距离,大幅度提高煤炭回收率；两端头的顶煤冒放性得到改善,机头机尾可各多回收一个支架的顶煤资源。初次放煤步距降低了17m。因此增加了经济效益。(the invention relates to a top coal caving coal mining method for an extra-thick coal seam, in particular to a preliminary mining and preliminary caving deep hole presplitting blasting method for a working face of the extra-thick coal seam. The method solves the problem of lacking a method for improving the coal recovery rate during the initial mining and initial discharge of the ultra-thick coal seam. The invention provides a deep hole presplitting blasting method during the initial mining and initial setting period of a working surface of an extra-thick coal seam, which adopts a deep hole circulating blasting technology, adopts innovative means in the processes of drilling and charging, destroys the integrity of a top plate after blasting, causes a top coal rock layer to collapse in time, forms a coal gangue cushion layer, shortens the distance of setting top coal and greatly improves the recovery rate of coal; the top coal caving performance of the two ends is improved, and the top coal resources of one bracket can be respectively recovered from the machine heads and the machine tails. The primary coal caving step is reduced by 17 m. Thereby increasing economic efficiency.)

1. A deep hole presplitting blasting method during the initial mining and initial setting period of a working surface of an extra-thick coal seam is characterized by comprising the following steps:

firstly), carrying out first deep hole presplitting blasting on a full working face before cutting, specifically comprising the following steps:

1) carrying out blasthole construction by adopting a jumbolter with a phi 42 alloy steel drill bit, constructing a blasthole between adjacent supports, wherein the specification of the blasthole is phi 42mm multiplied by 17000mm, the spacing is 1.75m, the blasthole is vertical to a top plate, and the blasthole is arranged at the position 200mm outwards from the top cutting line of the supports;

2) constructing a powder loading tube, filling 300mm loess at one end of a PVC tube with the diameter of 40mm multiplied by 4000mm, sequentially loading 3 rolls of gunpowder, 1 roll of blasting fuse, 3 rolls of gunpowder, 1 roll of blasting fuse and water stemming from the other end, finally filling the PVC tube with the loess, simultaneously drawing the detonator leads in the three rolls of blasting fuses to the tube mouth, conveying the powder loading tube to the bottom of the blasthole, and drawing the detonator leads out of the blasthole;

3) Constructing a plugging pipe, filling 250mm loess at one end of a PVC pipe with the diameter of 40mm multiplied by 4000mm, then filling 6 bags of water stemming, finally filling the PVC pipe with the loess, tamping, penetrating the plugging pipe into a blast hole, and conveying the plugging pipe to the tail part of a charging pipe;

4) Plugging blastholes with loess, and detonating once every five blastholes;

Secondly) propelling a 5-meter full working face to carry out second deep hole presplitting blasting, which specifically comprises the following steps:

1) carrying out blasthole construction by adopting a jumbolter with a phi 42 alloy steel drill bit, constructing a blasthole between adjacent supports, wherein the specification of the blasthole is phi 42mm multiplied by 8000mm, the spacing is 1.75m, the blasthole is vertical to a top plate, and the blasthole is arranged at the position 200mm outwards from the top cutting line of the supports;

2) constructing a powder loading tube, filling 300mm loess at one end of a PVC tube with the diameter of 40mm multiplied by 4000mm, sequentially loading 3 rolls of gunpowder, 1 roll of blasting fuse, 3 rolls of gunpowder, 1 roll of blasting fuse and water stemming from the other end, finally filling the PVC tube with the loess, simultaneously drawing the detonator leads in the three rolls of blasting fuses to the tube mouth, conveying the powder loading tube to the bottom of the blasthole, and drawing the detonator leads out of the blasthole;

3) plugging blastholes with loess, and detonating once every five blastholes;

thirdly), propelling the full working face of 3 meters for third deep hole presplitting blasting, which specifically comprises the following steps:

1) Carrying out blasthole construction by adopting a jumbolter with a phi 42 alloy steel drill bit, constructing a blasthole between adjacent supports, wherein the specification of the blasthole is phi 42mm multiplied by 10000mm, the spacing is 1.75m, the blasthole is vertical to a top plate, and the blasthole is arranged at the position 200mm outwards from the top cutting line of the supports;

2) constructing a powder loading tube, filling 300mm loess at one end of a PVC tube with the diameter of 40mm multiplied by 4000mm, sequentially loading 3 rolls of gunpowder, 1 roll of blasting fuse, 3 rolls of gunpowder, 1 roll of blasting fuse and water stemming from the other end, finally filling the PVC tube with the loess, simultaneously drawing the detonator leads in the three rolls of blasting fuses to the tube mouth, conveying the powder loading tube to the bottom of the blasthole, and drawing the detonator leads out of the blasthole;

3) And plugging the blast holes with loess, and detonating once every five blast holes.

Technical Field

the invention relates to a top coal caving coal mining method for an extra-thick coal seam, in particular to a preliminary mining and preliminary caving deep hole presplitting blasting method for a working face of the extra-thick coal seam.

background

With the gradual mining of coal resources in each mining area of a mine, the caving coal working face gradually faces the conditions of heading towards a goaf and stoping of an island working face, and is influenced by the adjacent goaf, the caving coal working face has poor caving performance of top coal during the primary mining and primary caving period, and the recovery rate of the coal resources during the primary mining and primary caving period is low. Due to the lack of corresponding measures, coal caving is not carried out generally 30-40m before initial mining, only coal mining is carried out, the coal mining height is 2-4m under general conditions, and the loss of coal bodies is huge due to the fact that coal is only mined during initial mining and coal caving is not carried out.

Disclosure of Invention

the invention solves the problem that a method for improving the coal recovery rate during the initial mining and initial discharge period of an ultra-thick coal seam is lacked, and provides a deep hole presplitting blasting method during the initial mining and initial discharge period of a working surface of the ultra-thick coal seam.

the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: the deep hole presplitting blasting method during the initial mining and initial setting period of the working surface of the extra-thick coal seam is realized by the following steps:

firstly), carrying out first deep hole presplitting blasting on a full working face before cutting, specifically comprising the following steps:

1) carrying out blasthole construction (safer, faster and more efficient than the traditional construction drilling) by adopting a jumbolter with a phi 42 alloy steel drill bit, constructing a blasthole between adjacent supports, wherein the specification of the blasthole is phi 42mm multiplied by 17000mm, the distance is 1.75m, the blasthole is vertical to a top plate, and the blasthole is arranged at the position 200mm outwards of a support top cutting line (the hinged position of a hydraulic support top beam and a shield beam);

2) Constructing a powder loading tube, filling 300mm loess at one end of a PVC tube with the diameter of 40mm multiplied by 4000mm, sequentially loading 3 rolls of gunpowder, 1 roll of blasting fuse, 3 rolls of gunpowder, 1 roll of blasting fuse and water stemming from the other end, finally filling the PVC tube with the loess, simultaneously drawing the detonator leads in the three rolls of blasting fuses to the tube mouth, conveying the powder loading tube to the bottom of the blasthole, and drawing the detonator leads out of the blasthole;

3) constructing a plugging pipe, filling 250mm loess at one end of a PVC pipe with the diameter of 40mm multiplied by 4000mm, then filling 6 bags of water stemming, finally filling the PVC pipe with the loess, tamping, penetrating the plugging pipe into a blast hole, and conveying the plugging pipe to the tail part of a charging pipe;

4) Plugging blastholes with loess, and detonating once every five blastholes;

Secondly) propelling a 5-meter full working face to carry out second deep hole presplitting blasting, which specifically comprises the following steps:

1) carrying out blasthole construction by adopting a jumbolter with a phi 42 alloy steel drill bit, constructing a blasthole between adjacent supports, wherein the specification of the blasthole is phi 42mm multiplied by 8000mm, the spacing is 1.75m, the blasthole is vertical to a top plate, and the blasthole is arranged at the position 200mm outwards from the top cutting line of the supports;

2) constructing a powder loading tube, filling 300mm loess at one end of a PVC tube with the diameter of 40mm multiplied by 4000mm, sequentially loading 3 rolls of gunpowder, 1 roll of blasting fuse, 3 rolls of gunpowder, 1 roll of blasting fuse and water stemming from the other end, finally filling the PVC tube with the loess, simultaneously drawing the detonator leads in the three rolls of blasting fuses to the tube mouth, conveying the powder loading tube to the bottom of the blasthole, and drawing the detonator leads out of the blasthole;

3) plugging blastholes with loess, and detonating once every five blastholes;

Thirdly), propelling the full working face of 3 meters for third deep hole presplitting blasting, which specifically comprises the following steps:

1) carrying out blasthole construction by adopting a jumbolter with a phi 42 alloy steel drill bit, constructing a blasthole between adjacent supports, wherein the specification of the blasthole is phi 42mm multiplied by 10000mm, the spacing is 1.75m, the blasthole is vertical to a top plate, and the blasthole is arranged at the position 200mm outwards from the top cutting line of the supports;

2) constructing a powder loading tube, filling 300mm loess at one end of a PVC tube with the diameter of 40mm multiplied by 4000mm, sequentially loading 3 rolls of gunpowder, 1 roll of blasting fuse, 3 rolls of gunpowder, 1 roll of blasting fuse and water stemming from the other end, finally filling the PVC tube with the loess, simultaneously drawing the detonator leads in the three rolls of blasting fuses to the tube mouth, conveying the powder loading tube to the bottom of the blasthole, and drawing the detonator leads out of the blasthole;

3) And plugging the blast holes with loess, and detonating once every five blast holes.

the invention provides a deep hole presplitting blasting method during the initial mining and initial setting period of a working surface of an extra-thick coal seam, which adopts a deep hole circulating blasting technology, adopts innovative means in the processes of drilling and charging, destroys the integrity of a top plate after blasting, causes a top coal rock layer to collapse in time, forms a coal gangue cushion layer, shortens the distance of setting top coal and greatly improves the recovery rate of coal; the top coal caving performance of the two ends is improved, and the top coal resources of one bracket can be respectively recovered from the machine heads and the machine tails. After the working face is pushed for 6 meters, a large amount of top coal at the middle front part of the working face begins to fall; when the working face is pushed for 15 meters, coal is normally discharged from the middle part of the working face to the machine head, and the rock can be directly pushed; after the working face is pushed by 25.1 meters, the coal is normally discharged from the rear part of the working face to the nose, the rock is directly jacked, and then the working face starts to enter the normal top coal caving fully-mechanized coal mining cycle operation, and the primary coal discharging step distance is reduced by 17 m. Thereby increasing economic efficiency.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the method of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 1.

In the figure: 1-blast hole, 2-roof rock stratum, 3-coal bed, 4-cut hole, 5-belt lane and 6-material lane.

Detailed Description

The deep hole presplitting blasting method during the initial mining and initial setting period of the working surface of the extra-thick coal seam is realized by the following steps:

Firstly), carrying out first deep hole presplitting blasting on a full working face before cutting, specifically comprising the following steps:

1) carrying out blasthole construction (safer, faster and more efficient than the traditional construction drilling) by adopting a jumbolter with a phi 42 alloy steel drill bit, constructing a blasthole between adjacent supports, wherein the specification of the blasthole is phi 42mm multiplied by 17000mm, the distance is 1.75m, the blasthole is vertical to a top plate, and the blasthole is arranged at the position 200mm outwards of a support top cutting line (the hinged position of a hydraulic support top beam and a shield beam);

2) constructing a powder loading tube, filling 300mm loess at one end of a PVC tube with the diameter of 40mm multiplied by 4000mm, sequentially loading 3 rolls of gunpowder, 1 roll of blasting fuse, 3 rolls of gunpowder, 1 roll of blasting fuse and water stemming from the other end, finally filling the PVC tube with the loess, simultaneously drawing the detonator leads in the three rolls of blasting fuses to the tube mouth, conveying the powder loading tube to the bottom of the blasthole, and drawing the detonator leads out of the blasthole;

3) constructing a plugging pipe, filling 250mm loess at one end of a PVC pipe with the diameter of 40mm multiplied by 4000mm, then filling 6 bags of water stemming, finally filling the PVC pipe with the loess, tamping, penetrating the plugging pipe into a blast hole, and conveying the plugging pipe to the tail part of a charging pipe;

4) Plugging blastholes with loess, and detonating once every five blastholes;

secondly) propelling a 5-meter full working face to carry out second deep hole presplitting blasting, which specifically comprises the following steps:

1) Carrying out blasthole construction by adopting a jumbolter with a phi 42 alloy steel drill bit, constructing a blasthole between adjacent supports, wherein the specification of the blasthole is phi 42mm multiplied by 8000mm, the spacing is 1.75m, the blasthole is vertical to a top plate, and the blasthole is arranged at the position 200mm outwards from the top cutting line of the supports;

2) Constructing a powder loading tube, filling 300mm loess at one end of a PVC tube with the diameter of 40mm multiplied by 4000mm, sequentially loading 3 rolls of gunpowder, 1 roll of blasting fuse, 3 rolls of gunpowder, 1 roll of blasting fuse and water stemming from the other end, finally filling the PVC tube with the loess, simultaneously drawing the detonator leads in the three rolls of blasting fuses to the tube mouth, conveying the powder loading tube to the bottom of the blasthole, and drawing the detonator leads out of the blasthole;

3) Plugging blastholes with loess, and detonating once every five blastholes;

thirdly), propelling the full working face of 3 meters for third deep hole presplitting blasting, which specifically comprises the following steps:

1) Carrying out blasthole construction by adopting a jumbolter with a phi 42 alloy steel drill bit, constructing a blasthole between adjacent supports, wherein the specification of the blasthole is phi 42mm multiplied by 10000mm, the spacing is 1.75m, the blasthole is vertical to a top plate, and the blasthole is arranged at the position 200mm outwards from the top cutting line of the supports;

2) constructing a powder loading tube, filling 300mm loess at one end of a PVC tube with the diameter of 40mm multiplied by 4000mm, sequentially loading 3 rolls of gunpowder, 1 roll of blasting fuse, 3 rolls of gunpowder, 1 roll of blasting fuse and water stemming from the other end, finally filling the PVC tube with the loess, simultaneously drawing the detonator leads in the three rolls of blasting fuses to the tube mouth, conveying the powder loading tube to the bottom of the blasthole, and drawing the detonator leads out of the blasthole;

3) and plugging the blast holes with loess, and detonating once every five blast holes.