阅读说明：本技术 地震噪声压制方法及装置 (Seismic noise suppression method and device ) 是由 曹思远 潘晓 马媛媛 孙晓明 江雨濛 陈思远 于 2019-08-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种地震噪声压制方法及装置,该方法包括根据噪声的频带范围对地震记录剖面进行带通滤波,确定第一及第二地震记录剖面,对第一地震记录剖面中每个地震道的时频谱进行频移及同步挤压小波变换；将频移时频谱的能量划分为第一能量区域及第二能量区域,确定与第一地震记录剖面对应的反射波信号,确定地震记录剖面的反射波信号。本发明对于同频同相的反射波信号与噪声,利用频移将同一时刻分散于低频频率间隔内的能量集中至高频频率区间,在高频频率区间内利用未被噪声影响的能量区域对噪声所在的能量区域进行拟合预测,从而将反射波信号与噪声较好的分离开来,取得了较好的信噪分离结果,能够提高噪声压制的效果。(The invention discloses a method and a device for suppressing seismic noise, wherein the method comprises the steps of carrying out band-pass filtering on a seismic recording section according to the frequency band range of noise, determining a first seismic recording section and a second seismic recording section, and carrying out frequency shift and synchronous extrusion wavelet transform on the time-frequency spectrum of each seismic channel in the first seismic recording section; the energy of the frequency spectrum at the time of frequency shift is divided into a first energy region and a second energy region, a reflected wave signal corresponding to the first seismic recording section is determined, and a reflected wave signal of the seismic recording section is determined. According to the invention, for reflected wave signals and noises with same frequency and same phase, energy dispersed in a low-frequency interval at the same time is concentrated to a high-frequency interval by using frequency shift, and an energy area not influenced by the noises is used for carrying out fitting prediction on an energy area where the noises are located in the high-frequency interval, so that the reflected wave signals and the noises are well separated, a good signal-noise separation result is obtained, and the effect of noise suppression can be improved.)

1. a seismic noise suppression method, comprising:

performing band-pass filtering on the seismic recording section according to the frequency band range of the noise in the seismic recording section to determine a first seismic recording section and a second seismic recording section; the first seismic recording section is a filtered seismic recording section comprising noise, and the second seismic recording section is a seismic recording section except the first seismic recording section in the seismic recording sections; the frequency and the phase of a reflected wave signal of the seismic recording section and the noise at the same moment are the same;

performing frequency shift and synchronous extrusion wavelet transform on the time frequency spectrum of each seismic channel in the first seismic recording section, and determining the frequency shift time frequency spectrum after the synchronous extrusion wavelet transform; the energy of each moment in the frequency spectrum is positioned in the same high-frequency interval during frequency shifting;

according to the time distribution range of the noise, dividing the extracted energy of the frequency spectrum in the frequency shift after synchronous extrusion wavelet transform into a first energy region which is not influenced by the noise and a second energy region where the noise is located;

fitting and predicting the reflected wave energy of the second energy area according to the energy of the first energy area, and determining the reflected wave energy corresponding to the second energy area;

Replacing the energy of the second energy area by using the reflected wave energy, performing synchronous extrusion wavelet inverse transformation and frequency shift recovery on the frequency shift time frequency spectrum of each seismic channel after energy replacement, and determining the reflected wave signal corresponding to each seismic channel in the first seismic record profile;

Determining a reflected wave signal corresponding to the first seismic recording section from the reflected wave signal corresponding to each seismic trace in the first seismic recording section;

And determining the reflected wave signal of the seismic recording section according to the reflected wave signal corresponding to the first seismic recording section and the second seismic recording section.

2. The seismic noise suppression method of claim 1, wherein determining the first seismic recording section and the second seismic recording section by band-pass filtering the seismic recording sections according to a frequency band range of noise in the seismic recording sections comprises:

determining the frequency band range of noise in the seismic recording section according to the frequency spectrum of the seismic recording section;

And performing band-pass filtering on the seismic recording section according to the frequency band range of the noise to determine a first seismic recording section and a second seismic recording section.

3. The seismic noise suppression method of claim 1, wherein the step of performing frequency shift and simultaneous squeeze wavelet transform on the time-frequency spectrum of each seismic trace in the first seismic recording section to determine a frequency-shifted time-frequency spectrum after the simultaneous squeeze wavelet transform comprises:

Performing frequency shift on the time frequency spectrum of each seismic channel in the first seismic recording section, and determining the frequency shift time frequency spectrum of each seismic channel;

performing continuous wavelet transform on the frequency shift time frequency spectrum of each seismic channel, and determining the time frequency spectrum after the continuous wavelet transform;

And synchronously extruding the time frequency spectrum after the continuous wavelet transform, and determining the time frequency spectrum after the synchronous extrusion wavelet transform.

4. the seismic noise suppression method according to claim 1, wherein dividing the extracted energy of the frequency-shifted time spectrum after the synchronous wavelet transform into a first energy region unaffected by noise and a second energy region in which the noise is present, according to a time distribution range of the noise, comprises:

extracting the energy of the frequency spectrum in the frequency shift after synchronous extrusion wavelet transform;

determining the time distribution range of noise according to the seismic recording section and the extracted energy of the frequency shift time spectrum after synchronous extrusion wavelet transform;

according to the time distribution range of noise, dividing the energy of the frequency shift time spectrum after synchronous extrusion wavelet transform into a first energy region and a second energy region.

5. the seismic noise suppression method of claim 1, wherein replacing the energy of the second energy region with reflected wave energy, performing synchronous squeeze wavelet inverse transform and frequency shift recovery on the frequency shifted time spectrum of each seismic trace after energy replacement, and determining a reflected wave signal corresponding to each seismic trace in the first seismic recording section comprises:

Replacing the energy of the second energy area by using the reflected wave energy, performing synchronous extrusion wavelet inverse transformation on the frequency shift time frequency spectrum of each seismic channel after energy replacement, and determining the frequency shift time frequency spectrum after synchronous extrusion wavelet inverse transformation;

and performing frequency shift recovery on the frequency shift time frequency spectrum subjected to synchronous extrusion wavelet inverse transformation, and determining a reflected wave signal corresponding to each seismic channel in the first seismic record section.

6. the seismic noise suppression method of claim 1, wherein determining a reflected wave signal corresponding to the first seismic recording section from reflected wave signals corresponding to each seismic trace in the first seismic recording section comprises:

And adding the reflected wave signals corresponding to each seismic channel in the first seismic recording section to obtain the reflected wave signals corresponding to the first seismic recording section.

7. the seismic noise suppression method of claim 1, wherein determining the reflected wave signal of the seismic recording section from the reflected wave signal corresponding to the first seismic recording section and the second seismic recording section comprises:

And adding the reflected wave signal corresponding to the first seismic recording section and the second seismic recording section to obtain the reflected wave signal of the seismic recording section.

8. A seismic noise suppression device, comprising:

the band-pass filtering module is used for performing band-pass filtering on the seismic recording section according to the frequency band range of the noise in the seismic recording section and determining a first seismic recording section and a second seismic recording section; the first seismic recording section is a filtered seismic recording section comprising noise, and the second seismic recording section is a seismic recording section except the first seismic recording section in the seismic recording sections; the frequency and the phase of a reflected wave signal of the seismic recording section and the noise at the same moment are the same;

The frequency shift and synchronous extrusion wavelet transform module is used for performing frequency shift and synchronous extrusion wavelet transform on the time frequency spectrum of each seismic channel in the first seismic recording section and determining the frequency shift time frequency spectrum after synchronous extrusion wavelet transform; the energy of each moment in the frequency spectrum is positioned in the same high-frequency interval during frequency shifting;

the energy dividing module is used for dividing the extracted energy of the frequency shift time spectrum subjected to synchronous extrusion wavelet transform into a first energy region which is not influenced by noise and a second energy region where the noise is located according to the time distribution range of the noise;

The fitting prediction module is used for fitting and predicting the reflected wave energy of the second energy area according to the energy of the first energy area and determining the reflected wave energy corresponding to the second energy area;

the synchronous extrusion wavelet inverse transformation and frequency shift recovery module is used for replacing the energy of the second energy region by reflected wave energy, carrying out synchronous extrusion wavelet inverse transformation and frequency shift recovery on the frequency shift time spectrum of each seismic channel after energy replacement, and determining reflected wave signals corresponding to each seismic channel in the first seismic record section;

A partial reflected wave signal determination module for determining a reflected wave signal corresponding to the first seismic recording section based on the reflected wave signal corresponding to each seismic trace in the first seismic recording section;

and the reflected wave signal determining module is used for determining the reflected wave signal of the seismic recording section according to the reflected wave signal corresponding to the first seismic recording section and the second seismic recording section.

9. a computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method of any one of claims 1 to 7 when executing the computer program.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program for executing the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of oil geophysical exploration and denoising, in particular to a seismic noise suppression method and device.

background

this section is intended to provide a background or context to the embodiments of the invention that are recited in the claims. The description herein is not admitted to be prior art by inclusion in this section.

noise signals in seismic surveys can cause severe distortion and interference to the seismic signals, and noise suppression is often required. The common seismic noise suppression method generally performs time-frequency filtering or threshold processing according to the characteristic difference between the seismic signal and the noise in a time domain and a frequency domain, so as to achieve the purpose of separating the seismic signal from the noise.

For seismic signals and noise with the same frequency and the same phase at the same time, the time-frequency spectrum of the total signal is not equal to the sum of the time-frequency spectrum of the seismic signals and the time-frequency spectrum of the noise. It can be seen that the conventional seismic noise suppression method has certain limitations in dealing with the problem, and it is difficult to obtain a good noise suppression effect.

Therefore, the existing seismic noise suppression method has the problem of poor noise suppression effect.

Disclosure of Invention

the embodiment of the invention provides a seismic noise suppression method, which is used for improving the noise suppression effect and comprises the following steps:

Performing band-pass filtering on the seismic recording section according to the frequency band range of the noise in the seismic recording section to determine a first seismic recording section and a second seismic recording section; the first seismic recording section is a filtered seismic recording section comprising noise, and the second seismic recording section is a seismic recording section except the first seismic recording section in the seismic recording sections; the frequency and the phase of a reflected wave signal of the seismic recording section and the noise at the same moment are the same;

performing frequency shift and synchronous extrusion wavelet transform on the time frequency spectrum of each seismic channel in the first seismic recording section, and determining the frequency shift time frequency spectrum after the synchronous extrusion wavelet transform; the energy of each moment in the frequency spectrum is positioned in the same high-frequency interval during frequency shifting;

According to the time distribution range of the noise, dividing the extracted energy of the frequency spectrum in the frequency shift after synchronous extrusion wavelet transform into a first energy region which is not influenced by the noise and a second energy region where the noise is located;

Fitting and predicting the reflected wave energy of the second energy area according to the energy of the first energy area, and determining the reflected wave energy corresponding to the second energy area;

Replacing the energy of the second energy area by using the reflected wave energy, performing synchronous extrusion wavelet inverse transformation and frequency shift recovery on the frequency shift time frequency spectrum of each seismic channel after energy replacement, and determining the reflected wave signal corresponding to each seismic channel in the first seismic record profile;

Determining a reflected wave signal corresponding to the first seismic recording section from the reflected wave signal corresponding to each seismic trace in the first seismic recording section;

and determining the reflected wave signal of the seismic recording section according to the reflected wave signal corresponding to the first seismic recording section and the second seismic recording section.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a seismic noise suppression device, which is used for improving the noise suppression effect and comprises the following components:

The band-pass filtering module is used for performing band-pass filtering on the seismic recording section according to the frequency band range of the noise in the seismic recording section and determining a first seismic recording section and a second seismic recording section; the first seismic recording section is a filtered seismic recording section comprising noise, and the second seismic recording section is a seismic recording section except the first seismic recording section in the seismic recording sections; the frequency and the phase of a reflected wave signal of the seismic recording section and the noise at the same moment are the same;

the frequency shift and synchronous extrusion wavelet transform module is used for performing frequency shift and synchronous extrusion wavelet transform on the time frequency spectrum of each seismic channel in the first seismic recording section and determining the frequency shift time frequency spectrum after synchronous extrusion wavelet transform; the energy of each moment in the frequency spectrum is positioned in the same high-frequency interval during frequency shifting;

The energy dividing module is used for dividing the extracted energy of the frequency shift time spectrum subjected to synchronous extrusion wavelet transform into a first energy region which is not influenced by noise and a second energy region where the noise is located according to the time distribution range of the noise;

The fitting prediction module is used for fitting and predicting the reflected wave energy of the second energy area according to the energy of the first energy area and determining the reflected wave energy corresponding to the second energy area;

The synchronous extrusion wavelet inverse transformation and frequency shift recovery module is used for replacing the energy of the second energy region by reflected wave energy, carrying out synchronous extrusion wavelet inverse transformation and frequency shift recovery on the frequency shift time spectrum of each seismic channel after energy replacement, and determining reflected wave signals corresponding to each seismic channel in the first seismic record section;

a partial reflected wave signal determination module for determining a reflected wave signal corresponding to the first seismic recording section based on the reflected wave signal corresponding to each seismic trace in the first seismic recording section;

And the reflected wave signal determining module is used for determining the reflected wave signal of the seismic recording section according to the reflected wave signal corresponding to the first seismic recording section and the second seismic recording section.

The embodiment of the invention also provides computer equipment which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program which is stored on the memory and can run on the processor, wherein the processor realizes the seismic noise suppression method when executing the computer program.

An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program for executing the above-mentioned seismic noise suppression method is stored.

In the embodiment of the invention, under the condition that the frequency and the phase of the reflected wave signal and the noise at the same moment are the same, the time frequency spectrum of each seismic channel is shifted from low frequency to high frequency by using frequency shift processing, namely, the energy dispersed in a low-frequency interval at the same moment is concentrated into a high-frequency interval, and then in the high-frequency interval, the energy area where the noise is located is subjected to fitting prediction by using the energy area which is not influenced by the noise, so that the reflected wave signal and the noise are well separated, the reflected wave signal of the whole seismic recording section is finally obtained, a good signal-noise separation result is obtained, and the effect of noise suppression can be improved.

drawings

in order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an implementation of a seismic noise suppression method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a step 101 in a seismic noise suppression method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an implementation of step 102 in a seismic noise suppression method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a step 103 in a seismic noise suppression method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a step 105 of a seismic noise suppression method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating an implementation of step 106 in a seismic noise suppression method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a functional block diagram of a seismic noise suppression device provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a block diagram of a bandpass filtering module 701 in the seismic noise suppression apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a block diagram illustrating a frequency shift and synchronous squeeze wavelet transform module 702 of a seismic noise pressure apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a block diagram illustrating an energy partitioning module 703 in the seismic noise suppression apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 11 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a synchronous squeeze wavelet inverse transform and frequency shift recovery module 705 in the seismic noise pressure apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a partial reflected wave signal determination module 706 in the seismic noise suppression apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic illustration of a particular seismic trace provided by an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a frequency-shifted time spectrum of a particular seismic trace after synchronous squeeze wavelet transform, where the frequency-shifted time spectrum is obtained after synchronous squeeze wavelet transform according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating reflected wave signals from a particular seismic trace according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a time-frequency spectrum corresponding to a reflected wave signal of a particular seismic trace according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 17 is a schematic illustration of a particular seismic recording section provided by an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of reflected wave signals for a particular seismic recording profile provided by an embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are provided to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.

Fig. 1 shows an implementation flow of a seismic noise suppression method provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and for convenience of description, only the parts related to the embodiment of the present invention are shown, and detailed descriptions are as follows:

As shown in fig. 1, a seismic noise suppression method includes:

Step 101, performing band-pass filtering on the seismic recording section according to the frequency band range of noise in the seismic recording section, and determining a first seismic recording section and a second seismic recording section; the first seismic recording section is a filtered seismic recording section comprising noise, and the second seismic recording section is a seismic recording section except the first seismic recording section in the seismic recording sections; the frequency and the phase of a reflected wave signal of the seismic recording section and the noise at the same moment are the same;

102, performing frequency shift and synchronous extrusion wavelet transform on the time frequency spectrum of each seismic channel in the first seismic recording section, and determining the frequency shift time frequency spectrum after the synchronous extrusion wavelet transform; the energy of each moment in the frequency spectrum is positioned in the same high-frequency interval during frequency shifting;

103, dividing the extracted energy of the frequency shift time spectrum subjected to synchronous extrusion wavelet transform into a first energy region which is not influenced by noise and a second energy region where the noise is located according to the time distribution range of the noise;

104, fitting and predicting the reflected wave energy of the second energy area according to the energy of the first energy area, and determining the reflected wave energy corresponding to the second energy area;

105, replacing the energy of the second energy area with the reflected wave energy, performing synchronous extrusion wavelet inverse transformation and frequency shift recovery on the frequency shift time spectrum of each seismic channel after energy replacement, and determining the reflected wave signal corresponding to each seismic channel in the first seismic recording section;

step 106, determining a reflected wave signal corresponding to the first seismic recording section according to the reflected wave signal corresponding to each seismic channel in the first seismic recording section;

step 107, determining the reflected wave signal of the seismic recording section according to the reflected wave signal corresponding to the first seismic recording section and the second seismic recording section.

the frequency and the phase of the reflected wave signal of the seismic recording section and the noise at the same moment are the same, namely the reflected wave signal and the noise are the same-frequency and same-phase signals at the same moment. In general, the frequency spectrum of a seismic recording section has some frequency bands mainly containing reflected wave signals, some frequency bands mainly containing noise, and some frequency bands containing both reflected wave signals and noise.

And determining a band-pass filter adaptive to the frequency band range of the noise through the frequency band range of the noise in the seismic recording section, and performing band-pass filtering on the seismic recording section by using the band-pass filter adaptive to the frequency band range of the noise to determine a first seismic recording section and a second seismic recording section. Wherein the first seismic recording section is a filtered seismic recording section and the first seismic recording section contains complete noise. And the second seismic recording section is a seismic recording section other than the first seismic recording section in the seismic recording section, and therefore, the second seismic recording section does not contain noise. Namely, the seismic recording section is divided into a first seismic recording section containing noise and a second seismic recording section containing no noise by means of band-pass filtering.

after the seismic recording section is divided into a first seismic recording section containing noise and a second seismic recording section not containing noise, for each seismic channel in the first seismic recording section containing noise, frequency shift processing is carried out on the time frequency spectrum of each seismic channel, so that the energy of each moment in the time frequency spectrum after frequency shift is located in the same high-frequency interval.

The high-frequency interval is a preset high-frequency interval, and those skilled in the art can understand that the high-frequency interval can be preset according to actual conditions and specific requirements. For example, the high frequency interval is preset to be a frequency interval of 30 hz to 150 hz, and those skilled in the art can understand that the high frequency interval may also be preset to be other high frequency intervals besides the frequency interval of 30 hz to 150 hz, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present invention.

Specifically, when performing frequency shift processing on the time-frequency spectrum of each seismic channel, the frequency shift may be performed specifically by the following formula:

X(f)＝S(f+f₀)；

Wherein, X (f) represents the time frequency signal before frequency shift of each seismic channel, f represents the frequency of the time frequency signal before frequency shift of each seismic channel, f₀denotes the amount of frequency shift, S (f + f)₀) And representing the time-frequency signal of each seismic channel after frequency shift.

and after frequency shifting the time frequency spectrum of each seismic channel in the first seismic recording section, performing synchronous extrusion wavelet transform on the frequency-shifted time frequency spectrum of each seismic channel. The synchronous extrusion wavelet transform refers to rearranging wavelet coefficients in the frequency domain direction on the basis of continuous wavelet transform, so that the reversibility of the wavelet coefficients is maintained, and the time-frequency resolution can be improved. The method roughly comprises three steps: (1) performing continuous wavelet transform on the signals to obtain wavelet coefficients; (2) calculating to obtain instantaneous frequency according to the wavelet coefficient; (3) and recombining the frequency axis through a rearrangement method to obtain a recombined frequency estimation value. In the embodiment of the invention, synchronous extrusion wavelet transformation is carried out on the frequency shift time frequency spectrum of each seismic channel to obtain the frequency shift time frequency spectrum after the synchronous extrusion wavelet transformation of each seismic channel.

After the frequency shift time spectrum after synchronous extrusion wavelet transform is determined, the energy of the frequency shift time spectrum after synchronous extrusion wavelet transform is extracted, and then the energy of the frequency shift time spectrum after synchronous extrusion wavelet transform is divided into two parts according to the time distribution range of noise, namely a first energy region which is not influenced by the noise and a second energy region where the noise is located.

After dividing the energy of the frequency shift time spectrum after synchronous extrusion wavelet transform into a first energy region and a second energy region, the energy of the first energy region which is not affected by noise can be used to perform fitting prediction on the reflected wave energy of the second energy region where the noise is located. After fitting, the reflected wave energy corresponding to the second energy region can be determined, at this time, the reflected wave energy in the second energy region where the noise is located is separated from the noise.

specifically, the fitting method may include a linear fitting method, a polynomial fitting method, and other fitting methods, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the fitting method may also include other fitting methods besides the linear fitting and the polynomial fitting described above, and this is not particularly limited by the embodiment of the present invention.

in view of the fact that frequency shift and synchronous extrusion wavelet transform processing are performed before reflected wave energy is obtained, in order to recover an original effective signal, energy of a second energy region needs to be replaced by reflected wave energy, and a frequency spectrum of each seismic channel after energy replacement is subjected to inverse processing to that of the original effective signal, namely, a frequency shift time frequency spectrum of each seismic channel after energy replacement is subjected to synchronous extrusion wavelet inverse transformation, and a frequency spectrum of each seismic channel after synchronous extrusion wavelet inverse transformation is subjected to frequency shift recovery, so that a reflected wave signal corresponding to each seismic channel in a first seismic recording section is obtained. Specifically, when the frequency shift recovery is performed on the frequency shift time spectrum after the synchronous extrusion wavelet inverse transformation, the frequency shift amount at this time is equal to the frequency shift amount at the time of frequency shift, and the direction is opposite, that is, the frequency shift amount at the time of frequency shift recovery is-f₀. At this point, the effective reflected wave signal for each seismic trace in the first seismic recording section has been separated from the noise.

and determining a reflected wave signal corresponding to one seismic channel in the first seismic recording section, performing the processing on each other seismic channel in the first seismic recording section to respectively obtain the reflected wave signals corresponding to all the seismic channels in the first seismic recording section, and further obtaining the reflected wave signal corresponding to the first seismic recording section according to the reflected wave signals corresponding to all the seismic channels in the first seismic recording section.

the reflected wave signal obtained at this time is a reflected wave signal corresponding to the first seismic-record cross section containing noise, and this part of the reflected wave signal is not a reflected wave signal having a complete seismic-record cross section. Since the second seismic recording section obtained in the past is a seismic recording section that does not contain any noise at all, the second seismic recording section can be considered as another part of the reflected wave signals that are effective in the seismic recording section. At this time, the reflected wave signal of the seismic recording section can be determined based on the reflected wave signal corresponding to the first seismic recording section and the second seismic recording section. The reflected wave signal obtained at this time is the effective reflected wave signal with complete seismic recording section.

In the embodiment of the invention, under the condition that the frequency and the phase of the reflected wave signal and the noise at the same moment are the same, the time frequency spectrum of each seismic channel is shifted from low frequency to high frequency by using frequency shift processing, namely, the energy dispersed in a low-frequency interval at the same moment is concentrated into a high-frequency interval, and then in the high-frequency interval, the energy area where the noise is located is subjected to fitting prediction by using the energy area which is not influenced by the noise, so that the reflected wave signal and the noise are well separated, the reflected wave signal of the whole seismic recording section is finally obtained, a good signal-noise separation result is obtained, and the effect of noise suppression can be improved.

Fig. 2 shows an implementation flow of step 101 in the seismic noise suppression method provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and for convenience of description, only the parts related to the embodiment of the present invention are shown, and detailed descriptions are as follows:

In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, in step 101, performing band-pass filtering on the seismic recording section according to a frequency band range of noise in the seismic recording section, and determining a first seismic recording section and a second seismic recording section includes:

Step 201, determining a frequency band range of noise in a seismic recording section according to a frequency spectrum of the seismic recording section;

step 202, performing band-pass filtering on the seismic recording section according to the frequency band range of the noise, and determining a first seismic recording section and a second seismic recording section.

when the band-pass filtering is performed on the seismic recording section by using the frequency band range of the noise, the frequency spectrum of the seismic recording section may be analyzed first, and the frequency band range of the noise in the seismic recording section may be determined based on the analysis result of the frequency spectrum of the seismic recording section. And finally, performing band-pass filtering on the seismic recording section by using the band-pass filter of the seismic recording section, thereby dividing the seismic recording section into a first seismic recording section containing noise and a second seismic recording section containing no noise.

in the embodiment of the invention, the frequency band range of the noise in the seismic recording section is determined according to the frequency spectrum of the seismic recording section, and then the band-pass filtering is carried out on the seismic recording section according to the frequency band range of the noise to determine the first seismic recording section and the second seismic recording section, so that the noise suppression effect can be further improved.

fig. 3 illustrates an implementation flow of step 102 in the seismic noise suppression method provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and for convenience of description, only the portion related to the embodiment of the present invention is illustrated, and the following details are described below:

in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, step 102, performing frequency shift and synchronous squeeze wavelet transform on a time-frequency spectrum of each seismic trace in a first seismic recording section, and determining a frequency-shifted time-frequency spectrum after the synchronous squeeze wavelet transform includes:

Step 301, performing frequency shift on the time frequency spectrum of each seismic channel in the first seismic recording section, and determining the frequency shift time frequency spectrum of each seismic channel;

step 302, performing continuous wavelet transform on the frequency shift time frequency spectrum of each seismic channel, and determining the time frequency spectrum after the continuous wavelet transform;

And step 303, synchronously extruding the time frequency spectrum after the continuous wavelet transform, and determining the time frequency spectrum after the synchronous wavelet transform.

when the frequency shift, the synchronous extrusion wavelet transform and other processing are carried out on the time frequency spectrum of each seismic channel in the first seismic recording section, the frequency shift processing is firstly carried out on the time frequency spectrum of each seismic channel, and the frequency shift time frequency spectrum of each seismic channel is determined. In this case, the energy at each time in the frequency-shifted time spectrum after the frequency shift is in the same high frequency band.

And after the frequency shift time frequency spectrum of each seismic channel is obtained, performing continuous wavelet transform processing on the frequency shift time frequency spectrum of each seismic channel to obtain a time frequency spectrum after continuous wavelet transform. Specifically, the time-frequency spectrum after continuous wavelet transform can be determined by the following formula:

wherein WX (a, b) represents wavelet coefficient of time frequency spectrum after continuous wavelet transform, a represents scale factor for measuring frequency-dependent expansion and contraction, b represents translation time factor, S₁() Representing the frequency-shifted time spectrum, Φ, of each seismic trace^*the mother function of the continuous wavelets is represented, e represents time, and j represents an imaginary unit.

And further obtaining the instantaneous frequency of the time-frequency spectrum after continuous wavelet transform according to the calculation:

Where ω (a, b) represents the instantaneous frequency of the time-frequency spectrum after continuous wavelet transform, i represents an imaginary unit,the partial derivative to b is indicated.

then, taking the instantaneous frequency omega (a, b) as the center, synchronously extruding the time frequency spectrum obtained after the continuous wavelet transform to obtain the time frequency spectrum after the synchronous extrusion wavelet transform:

wherein, T (ω)₀and b) represents the time-frequency spectrum after synchronous squeeze wavelet transform, omega₀Represents the center frequency of extrusion, a_lrepresenting the range of the extrusion scale,. DELTA.omega.representing the extrusion frequency interval, a_idenotes the scale index, Δ a denotes the scale interval, and i denotes the imaginary unit.

In the embodiment of the invention, the time frequency spectrum of each seismic channel in the first seismic recording section is firstly subjected to frequency shift, the frequency shift time frequency spectrum of each seismic channel is determined, then continuous wavelet transform is carried out on the frequency shift time frequency spectrum of each seismic channel, the time frequency spectrum after continuous wavelet transform is determined, finally the time frequency spectrum after continuous wavelet transform is synchronously extruded, the time frequency spectrum after synchronous extrusion is determined, and the effect of noise suppression can be further improved.

Fig. 4 shows an implementation flow of step 103 in the seismic noise suppression method provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and for convenience of description, only the parts related to the embodiment of the present invention are shown, and detailed descriptions are as follows:

in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, step 103, according to a time distribution range of noise, dividing the extracted energy of the frequency shift time spectrum after the synchronous wavelet transform into a first energy region not affected by the noise and a second energy region where the noise is located, includes:

Step 401, extracting the energy of the frequency spectrum when the frequency shift is carried out after the synchronous extrusion wavelet transform;

step 402, determining the time distribution range of noise according to the seismic recording section and the energy of the extracted frequency spectrum during frequency shift after synchronous extrusion wavelet transform;

Step 403, dividing the energy of the frequency shift time spectrum after the synchronous extrusion wavelet transform into a first energy region and a second energy region according to the time distribution range of the noise.

When the energy of the frequency shift time spectrum after the synchronous extrusion wavelet transform is divided, firstly, the energy of the frequency shift time spectrum after the synchronous extrusion wavelet transform is extracted, and then the extracted energy of the frequency shift time spectrum after the synchronous extrusion wavelet transform is compared with the seismic recording section, so that the time distribution range of the noise in the seismic recording section is determined. And dividing the energy of the frequency shift time spectrum subjected to synchronous extrusion wavelet transform into a first energy region affected by noise and a second energy region unaffected by the noise according to the time distribution range of the noise.

in the embodiment of the invention, the energy of the frequency shift time spectrum after the synchronous extrusion wavelet transform is extracted, the time distribution range of the noise is determined according to the seismic recording section and the extracted energy of the frequency shift time spectrum after the synchronous extrusion wavelet transform, and then the energy of the frequency shift time spectrum after the synchronous extrusion wavelet transform is divided into the first energy region and the second energy region according to the time distribution range of the noise, so that the noise suppression effect can be further improved.

Fig. 5 shows an implementation flow of step 105 in the seismic noise suppression method provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and for convenience of description, only the parts related to the embodiment of the present invention are shown, and detailed descriptions are as follows:

in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, step 105, replacing the energy of the second energy region with the reflected wave energy, performing synchronous squeeze wavelet inverse transformation and frequency shift recovery on the frequency shift time frequency spectrum of each seismic trace after the energy replacement, and determining a reflected wave signal corresponding to each seismic trace in the first seismic recording section includes:

Step 501, replacing energy of a second energy area with reflected wave energy, performing synchronous extrusion wavelet inverse transformation on the frequency shift time frequency spectrum of each seismic channel after energy replacement, and determining the frequency shift time frequency spectrum after synchronous extrusion wavelet inverse transformation;

And 502, performing frequency shift recovery on the frequency shift time spectrum subjected to synchronous extrusion wavelet inverse transformation, and determining a reflected wave signal corresponding to each seismic channel in the first seismic recording section.

In the high-frequency interval in which energy is concentrated, the energy of the second energy region is replaced by the reflected wave energy obtained by fitting prediction, and the distribution of other energy (energy of the first energy region) is not changed. And performing synchronous extrusion wavelet inverse transformation on the frequency shift time frequency spectrum of each replaced seismic channel, and further determining the frequency shift time frequency spectrum after the synchronous extrusion wavelet inverse transformation to obtain a time domain signal. The time domain signal at this time is a high frequency signal after frequency shift. The synchronous wavelet inverse transform is the inverse process of the synchronous wavelet transform, and is not described in detail here.

after the frequency shift time spectrum after the synchronous extrusion wavelet inverse transformation is determined, the frequency shift time spectrum (high-frequency signal) after the synchronous extrusion wavelet inverse transformation is restored to the frequency range of the original seismic recording section through frequency shift restoration, and accordingly reflected wave signals corresponding to each seismic channel (in the frequency range) in the first seismic recording section are obtained.

In the embodiment of the invention, the energy of the second energy region is replaced by the reflected wave energy, the synchronous extrusion wavelet inverse transformation is carried out on the frequency shift time frequency spectrum of each seismic channel after the energy replacement, the frequency shift time frequency spectrum after the synchronous extrusion wavelet inverse transformation is determined, the frequency shift recovery is carried out on the frequency shift time frequency spectrum after the synchronous extrusion wavelet inverse transformation, and the reflected wave signal corresponding to each seismic channel in the first seismic recording section is determined, so that the noise suppression effect can be further improved.

fig. 6 shows an implementation flow of step 106 in the seismic noise suppression method provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and for convenience of description, only the parts related to the embodiment of the present invention are shown, and detailed descriptions are as follows:

In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 6, step 106, determining a reflected wave signal corresponding to the first seismic recording section from the reflected wave signal corresponding to each seismic trace in the first seismic recording section, includes:

Step 601, adding the reflected wave signals corresponding to each seismic trace in the first seismic recording section to obtain the reflected wave signals corresponding to the first seismic recording section.

And performing the processing on each seismic channel in the first seismic recording section to obtain reflected wave signals corresponding to all seismic channels in the first seismic recording section, and further adding the reflected wave signals corresponding to all seismic channels in the first seismic recording section to obtain the reflected wave signals corresponding to the first seismic recording section.

In an embodiment of the invention, the reflected wave signal corresponding to the first seismic recording section is not a reflected wave signal with a complete seismic recording section. Since the second seismic recording section obtained in the past is a seismic recording section that does not contain any noise at all, the second seismic recording section can be considered as another part of the reflected wave signals that are effective in the seismic recording section. At this time, the reflected wave signal corresponding to the first seismic recording section can be added to the second seismic recording section, and the reflected wave signal of the seismic recording section can be obtained. The reflected wave signal obtained at this time is a complete and effective reflected wave signal of the seismic recording profile.

In the embodiment of the invention, the reflected wave signal corresponding to the first seismic recording section is added with the second seismic recording section to obtain the reflected wave signal of the seismic recording section, so that the effect of noise suppression can be further improved.

in an embodiment of the present invention, step 107, determining a reflected wave signal of the seismic recording section according to the reflected wave signal corresponding to the first seismic recording section and the second seismic recording section, includes:

And adding the reflected wave signal corresponding to the first seismic recording section and the second seismic recording section to obtain the reflected wave signal of the seismic recording section.

The second seismic recording section is another portion of the reflected wave signal that is valid in the seismic recording section, given that the reflected wave signal corresponding to the first seismic recording section is not a complete reflected wave signal of the seismic recording section. At this time, after the reflected wave signal corresponding to the first seismic-recording section is obtained, the reflected wave signal corresponding to the first seismic-recording section and the second seismic-recording section are added to obtain the reflected wave signal of the seismic-recording section. The reflected wave signal obtained at this time is a complete and effective reflected wave signal of the seismic recording profile.

in the embodiment of the invention, the reflected wave signal corresponding to the first seismic recording section is added with the second seismic recording section to obtain the reflected wave signal of the seismic recording section, so that the noise suppression effect can be further improved.

Embodiments of the present invention also provide a seismic noise suppression apparatus, as described in the following embodiments. Since the principle of solving the problems of the devices is similar to that of the seismic noise suppression method, the implementation of the devices can be referred to the implementation of the method, and repeated details are not repeated.

fig. 7 shows functional modules of a seismic noise suppression device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and only parts related to the embodiment of the present invention are shown for convenience of description, and detailed description is as follows:

Referring to fig. 7, each module included in the seismic noise suppression device is used to execute each step in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 1, and specific reference is made to fig. 1 and the related description in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 1, which is not repeated herein. In the embodiment of the invention, the seismic noise suppression device comprises a band-pass filtering module 701, a frequency shift and synchronous extrusion wavelet transform module 702, an energy partitioning module 703, a fitting prediction module 704, a synchronous extrusion wavelet inverse transform and frequency shift recovery module 705, a partial reflected wave signal determination module 706 and a reflected wave signal determination module 707.

The band-pass filtering module 701 is used for performing band-pass filtering on the seismic recording section according to the frequency band range of the noise in the seismic recording section and determining a first seismic recording section and a second seismic recording section; the first seismic recording section is a filtered seismic recording section comprising noise, and the second seismic recording section is a seismic recording section except the first seismic recording section in the seismic recording sections; the frequency and phase of the reflected wave signal of the seismic recording section are the same as those of the noise at the same time.

a frequency shift and synchronous squeeze wavelet transform module 702, configured to perform frequency shift and synchronous squeeze wavelet transform on a time-frequency spectrum of each seismic trace in the first seismic recording profile, and determine a frequency-shifted time-frequency spectrum after the synchronous squeeze wavelet transform; the energy at each time in the frequency spectrum at the frequency shift lies in the same high frequency interval.

the energy dividing module 703 is configured to divide the extracted energy of the frequency shift time spectrum after the synchronous squeeze wavelet transform into a first energy region that is not affected by noise and a second energy region where the noise is located according to a time distribution range of the noise.

and a fitting prediction module 704, configured to perform fitting prediction on the reflected wave energy of the second energy region according to the energy of the first energy region, and determine the reflected wave energy corresponding to the second energy region.

And a synchronous extrusion wavelet inverse transformation and frequency shift recovery module 705, configured to replace energy of the second energy region with reflected wave energy, perform synchronous extrusion wavelet inverse transformation and frequency shift recovery on the frequency shift time spectrum of each seismic channel after energy replacement, and determine a reflected wave signal corresponding to each seismic channel in the first seismic recording profile.

a partial reflected wave signal determination module 706 for determining a reflected wave signal corresponding to the first seismic recording section based on the reflected wave signal corresponding to each seismic trace in the first seismic recording section;

And a reflected wave signal determining module 707, configured to determine a reflected wave signal of the seismic recording section according to the reflected wave signal corresponding to the first seismic recording section and the second seismic recording section.

in the embodiment of the present invention, for the case that the frequency and the phase of the reflected wave signal are the same at the same time, the frequency shift and synchronous squeeze wavelet transform module 702 uses the frequency shift process to shift the time-frequency spectrum of each seismic trace from low frequency to high frequency, that is, the energy dispersed in the low frequency interval at the same time is concentrated into the high frequency interval, and in the high frequency interval, the fitting prediction module 704 uses the energy region not affected by the noise to perform fitting prediction on the energy region where the noise is located, so as to separate the reflected wave signal from the noise well, and finally, the reflected wave signal determination module 707 obtains the reflected wave signal of the whole seismic recording profile, and obtains a better signal-to-noise separation result, and can improve the effect of noise suppression.

fig. 8 shows a structural schematic diagram of a bandpass filter module 701 in the seismic noise suppression device provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and only shows a part related to the embodiment of the present invention for convenience of description, and details are as follows:

in an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 8, each unit included in the band-pass filtering module 701 is configured to execute each step in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 2, specifically refer to fig. 2 and the related description in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 2, and are not described herein again. In the embodiment of the present invention, the band-pass filtering module 701 includes a noise band range determining unit 801 and a band-pass filtering unit 802,

A noise band range determination unit 801, configured to determine a frequency band range of noise in the seismic recording section according to the frequency spectrum of the seismic recording section.

The band-pass filtering unit 802 is configured to perform band-pass filtering on the seismic recording section according to the frequency band range of the noise, and determine a first seismic recording section and a second seismic recording section.

in the embodiment of the present invention, the noise frequency band range determining unit 801 determines the frequency band range of the noise in the seismic recording section according to the frequency spectrum of the seismic recording section, and then the band-pass filtering unit 802 performs band-pass filtering on the seismic recording section according to the frequency band range of the noise to determine the first seismic recording section and the second seismic recording section, which can further improve the noise suppression effect.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure of a frequency shift and simultaneous squeeze wavelet transform module 702 in a seismic noise pressure apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and for convenience of description, only the parts related to the embodiment of the present invention are shown, and detailed descriptions are as follows:

In an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 9, each unit included in the frequency shift and synchronous compression wavelet transform module 702 is configured to execute each step in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 3, and please refer to fig. 3 and the related description in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 3 specifically, which is not described herein again. In the embodiment of the present invention, the frequency shift and synchronous squeeze wavelet transform module 702 includes a frequency shift unit 901, a continuous wavelet transform unit 902, and a synchronous squeeze unit 903.

and a frequency shifting unit 901, configured to frequency shift the time-frequency spectrum of each seismic trace in the first seismic recording profile, and determine the frequency-shifted time-frequency spectrum of each seismic trace.

And a continuous wavelet transform unit 902, configured to perform continuous wavelet transform on the frequency-shifted time spectrum of each seismic trace, and determine a time spectrum after the continuous wavelet transform.

and the synchronous extrusion unit 903 is configured to perform synchronous extrusion on the time-frequency spectrum after the continuous wavelet transform, and determine the time-frequency spectrum after the synchronous extrusion wavelet transform.

In the embodiment of the invention, the frequency shift unit 901 shifts the time frequency spectrum of each seismic channel in the first seismic recording section to determine the frequency-shifted time frequency spectrum of each seismic channel, the continuous wavelet transform unit 902 performs continuous wavelet transform on the frequency-shifted time frequency spectrum of each seismic channel to determine the time frequency spectrum after continuous wavelet transform, the synchronous extrusion unit 903 performs synchronous extrusion on the time frequency spectrum after continuous wavelet transform to determine the time frequency spectrum after synchronous extrusion wavelet transform, and the effect of noise suppression can be further improved.

fig. 10 shows a schematic structure of an energy division module 703 in the seismic noise suppression apparatus provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and only shows a part related to the embodiment of the present invention for convenience of description, and details are as follows:

in an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 10, each unit included in the energy partitioning module 703 is used to execute each step in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 4, specifically please refer to fig. 4 and the related description in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 4, which is not described herein again. In this embodiment of the present invention, the energy dividing module 703 includes an energy extracting unit 1001, a noise time distribution range determining unit 1002, and an energy dividing unit 1003.

an energy extraction unit 1001 is configured to extract energy of the frequency-shifted time spectrum after the synchronous squeeze wavelet transform.

The noise time distribution range determining unit 1002 is configured to determine a time distribution range of noise according to the seismic recording section and the extracted energy of the frequency shift time spectrum after synchronous squeeze wavelet transform.

An energy dividing unit 1003, configured to divide the energy of the frequency shift time spectrum after the synchronous squeeze wavelet transform into a first energy region and a second energy region according to a time distribution range of noise.

in the embodiment of the present invention, the energy extraction unit 1001 extracts the energy of the frequency shift time spectrum after the synchronous extrusion wavelet transform, the noise time distribution range determination unit 1002 determines the time distribution range of the noise according to the seismic recording profile and the extracted energy of the frequency shift time spectrum after the synchronous extrusion wavelet transform, and the energy division unit 1003 divides the energy of the frequency shift time spectrum after the synchronous extrusion wavelet transform into the first energy region and the second energy region according to the time distribution range of the noise, so that the effect of noise suppression can be further improved.

Fig. 11 shows a schematic structure of an inverse synchronous squeeze wavelet transform and frequency shift recovery module 705 in a seismic noise pressure device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and for convenience of description, only the parts related to the embodiment of the present invention are shown, and detailed descriptions are as follows:

in an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 11, each unit included in the synchronous squeeze wavelet inverse transform and frequency shift recovery module 705 is configured to perform each step in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 5, and please refer to fig. 5 and the related description in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 5 specifically, which is not described herein again. In this embodiment of the present invention, the synchronous extrusion wavelet inverse transform and frequency shift recovery module 705 includes a synchronous extrusion wavelet inverse transform unit 1101 and a frequency shift recovery unit 1102.

The synchronous extrusion wavelet inverse transformation unit 1101 is configured to replace energy of the second energy region with reflected wave energy, perform synchronous extrusion wavelet inverse transformation on the frequency shift time frequency spectrum of each seismic trace after energy replacement, and determine the frequency shift time frequency spectrum after the synchronous extrusion wavelet inverse transformation.

And a frequency shift recovery unit 1102, configured to perform frequency shift recovery on the frequency-shifted time spectrum after the synchronous extrusion wavelet inverse transformation, and determine a reflected wave signal corresponding to each seismic trace in the first seismic recording profile.

In the embodiment of the invention, the synchronous extrusion wavelet inverse transformation unit 1101 replaces the energy of the second energy region with the reflected wave energy, performs synchronous extrusion wavelet inverse transformation on the frequency shift time frequency spectrum of each seismic channel after energy replacement, determines the frequency shift time frequency spectrum after the synchronous extrusion wavelet inverse transformation, and the frequency shift recovery unit 1102 performs frequency shift recovery on the frequency shift time frequency spectrum after the synchronous extrusion wavelet inverse transformation, determines the reflected wave signal corresponding to each seismic channel in the first seismic recording section, thereby further improving the effect of noise suppression.

fig. 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure of a part of the reflected wave signal determination module 706 in the seismic noise suppression device according to the embodiment of the present invention, and only shows a part related to the embodiment of the present invention for convenience of description, and the details are as follows:

In an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 12, each unit included in the partial reflected wave signal determining module 706 is configured to perform each step in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 6, specifically refer to fig. 6 and the related description in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 6, and are not described herein again. In an embodiment of the present invention, the partial reflected wave signal determining module 706 includes a partial reflected wave signal determining unit 1201.

A partial reflected wave signal determining unit 1201, configured to add the reflected wave signals corresponding to each seismic trace in the first seismic recording section to obtain a reflected wave signal corresponding to the first seismic recording section.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the partial reflected wave signal determining unit 1201 adds the reflected wave signals corresponding to each seismic trace in the first seismic recording section to obtain the reflected wave signal corresponding to the first seismic recording section, so that the noise suppression effect can be further improved.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the reflected wave signal determination module includes:

and the reflected wave signal determining unit is used for adding the reflected wave signal corresponding to the first seismic recording section and the second seismic recording section to obtain the reflected wave signal of the seismic recording section.

In the embodiment of the invention, the reflected wave signal determining unit adds the reflected wave signal corresponding to the first seismic recording section and the second seismic recording section to obtain the reflected wave signal of the seismic recording section, so that the effect of noise suppression can be further improved.

the embodiment of the invention also provides computer equipment which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program which is stored on the memory and can run on the processor, wherein the processor realizes the seismic noise suppression method when executing the computer program.

an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program for executing the above-mentioned seismic noise suppression method is stored.

FIG. 13 shows a schematic representation of a particular seismic trace provided by an embodiment of the invention, showing only those portions relevant to an embodiment of the invention for ease of illustration, as detailed below:

as shown in fig. 13, the specific seismic trace is a seismic trace containing surface waves (noise), and the abscissa is the seismic trace number in the common shot trace set, and the unit is meter; the ordinate is time in seconds(s).

Fig. 14 shows a schematic diagram of a frequency-shifted time spectrum of a particular seismic trace after synchronous squeeze wavelet transform, where the frequency-shifted time spectrum is obtained after synchronous squeeze wavelet transform, and for convenience of description, only the relevant parts of the seismic trace according to the embodiment of the present invention are shown, and detailed below:

as shown in fig. 14, the frequency-shifted time spectrum after wavelet transform is synchronously squeezed for the specific seismic trace. As can be seen from a comparison of fig. 14 and fig. 13, the surface wave (noise) mainly occurs in the time range of 1.4 seconds to 3.2 seconds, and it can be determined that the time distribution range of the noise is approximately 1.4 seconds to 3.2 seconds. And the time frequency spectrum is analyzed, so that the surface wave has the characteristic of low-frequency strong amplitude.

Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of a reflected wave signal of a specific seismic trace according to an embodiment of the present invention, and for convenience of explanation, only the portion related to the embodiment of the present invention is shown, and the details are as follows:

as shown in fig. 15, the reflected wave signal of the specific seismic trace, i.e. the effective reflected wave signal, is separated from the surface wave (noise).

Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram illustrating a time spectrum corresponding to a reflected wave signal of a specific seismic trace according to an embodiment of the present invention, and for convenience of explanation, only the portion related to the embodiment of the present invention is shown, and the detailed description is as follows:

As shown in fig. 16, which shows the time-frequency spectrum of the reflected wave signal separated from the specific seismic trace, it can be known from comparing fig. 16 and fig. 15 that the energy of the surface wave is suppressed, and the reflected wave energy in the same frequency band at the same time as the surface wave is retained, and a good noise suppression effect is obtained for the specific seismic trace including the surface wave.

FIG. 17 shows a schematic representation of a particular seismic recording section provided by an embodiment of the invention, showing only those parts relevant to an embodiment of the invention for ease of illustration, detailed as follows:

As shown in fig. 17, this particular seismic recording section is a seismic recording section that contains surface waves (noise). As can be seen from fig. 17, the surface wave exhibits a broom-like, i.e., strong amplitude low frequency characteristic.

Fig. 18 shows a schematic diagram of a reflected wave signal of a specific seismic recording section provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and for convenience of explanation, only the part related to the embodiment of the present invention is shown, and the details are as follows:

As shown in fig. 18, a specific seismic recording profile including a surface wave (noise) is processed, that is, a reflected wave signal of the specific seismic recording profile is obtained after an effective reflected wave signal is separated from the surface wave. As can be seen from comparing fig. 18 and 17, the reflected wave signal and the surface wave have been effectively separated, the continuity of the in-phase axis is enhanced, the reflected wave signal and the noise having the same frequency and phase at the same time are effectively separated, and a good noise suppression effect is obtained.

in summary, in the embodiment of the present invention, for the case that the frequency and the phase of the reflected wave signal are the same at the same time, the frequency shift process is used to shift the time-frequency spectrum of each seismic trace from the low frequency to the high frequency, that is, the energy dispersed in the low frequency interval at the same time is concentrated into the high frequency interval, and then in the high frequency interval, the energy region where the noise is located is predicted by fitting using the energy region not affected by the noise, so as to separate the reflected wave signal from the noise well, and finally obtain the reflected wave signal of the whole seismic recording section, obtain a good signal-noise separation result, and improve the noise suppression effect.

As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.

The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

these computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

these computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.