阅读说明：本技术 一种水电站施工支洞储氢系统及储氢方法 (Hydropower station construction branch tunnel hydrogen storage system and hydrogen storage method ) 是由 李玲 桂绍波 陈锐 郑涛平 金德山 彭志远 陈笙 于 2019-09-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种水电站施工支洞储氢系统及方法,所述系统包括水电站的施工支洞,施工支洞设置于山体地表线以下,包括氢气传输系统、置换吹扫系统和防火防爆系统：氢气传输系统用于存储制氢系统输送的氢气并将存储的氢气通过管路系统传输至氢气燃料电池；隔离检修系统用于为氢气传输系统进行氮气置换和/或充水置换；防火防爆系统设置于施工支洞内壁四周,用于为施工支洞储氢系统提供防火防爆设施。本发明利用水电站施工支洞储氢,隔离性好,既节省了成本又有效利用了空间；可直接应用于地下水电站,对氢气能源在水电站中的开发利用和推广具有重要意义。(The invention discloses a hydropower station construction branch tunnel hydrogen storage system and a method, wherein the system comprises a construction branch tunnel of a hydropower station, the construction branch tunnel is arranged below a mountain surface line and comprises a hydrogen transmission system, a replacement purging system and a fireproof and explosion-proof system: the hydrogen transmission system is used for storing the hydrogen transmitted by the hydrogen production system and transmitting the stored hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel cell through the pipeline system; the isolation maintenance system is used for performing nitrogen replacement and/or water filling replacement on the hydrogen transmission system; the fireproof and explosion-proof system is arranged around the inner wall of the construction branch tunnel and is used for providing fireproof and explosion-proof facilities for the construction branch tunnel hydrogen storage system. The invention stores hydrogen by utilizing the hydropower station construction branch tunnel, has good isolation, saves the cost and effectively utilizes the space; the method can be directly applied to underground hydropower stations, and has important significance for development, utilization and popularization of hydrogen energy in the hydropower stations.)

1. The utility model provides a power station construction branch tunnel hydrogen storage system, includes power station's construction branch tunnel (1), its characterized in that: the construction branch tunnel (1) is arranged below a mountain surface line and comprises a hydrogen transmission system, a replacement purging system and a fireproof and explosion-proof system:

The hydrogen transmission system is used for storing the hydrogen transmitted by the hydrogen production system and transmitting the stored hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel cell through the pipeline system;

the isolation maintenance system is used for performing nitrogen replacement and/or water filling replacement on the hydrogen transmission system;

The fireproof and explosion-proof system is arranged around the inner wall of the construction branch tunnel (1) and used for providing fireproof and explosion-proof facilities for the construction branch tunnel hydrogen storage system.

2. The hydropower station construction branch tunnel hydrogen storage system according to claim 1, wherein: the hydrogen transmission system comprises a plurality of hydrogen storage tanks (3), and each hydrogen storage tank (3) is provided with a valve communicated with the hydrogen production system and a valve communicated with the hydrogen fuel cell.

3. The hydropower station construction branch tunnel hydrogen storage system according to claim 1, wherein: the replacement purging system comprises hydrogen container grids (4) and a nitrogen container grid (5), the number of the hydrogen container grids is the same as that of the hydrogen storage tank (3), the output end of each hydrogen container grid (4) is connected with a hydrogen fuel cell, a replacement pipeline is arranged between each nitrogen container grid (5) and the hydrogen storage tank (3), and a nitrogen conveying branch valve communicated with a nitrogen conveying pipeline main valve (6.16) and the hydrogen storage tank (3) is arranged on the replacement pipeline.

4. the hydropower station construction branch tunnel hydrogen storage system according to claim 1, wherein: the fire and explosion protection system comprises a ventilation hole (2) which is arranged at the top of a construction branch hole (1) and communicated with the external space on a mountain surface line, a fan (9) is arranged at the bottom of the ventilation hole (2), and the fire and explosion protection system further comprises a fire prevention wall (8) and a hydrogen concentration alarm instrument (10) which are arranged around the construction branch hole (1).

5. The hydropower station construction branch tunnel hydrogen storage system according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom slope of the construction branch tunnel (1) is smooth, and surrounding rocks of the cavern are stable.

6. the hydropower station construction branch tunnel hydrogen storage system according to claim 2, wherein: the bottom of each hydrogen storage tank (3) is provided with a sewage draining exit which collects sewage of the construction branch tunnel (1) through a sewage draining pipe (11).

7. The hydropower station construction branch tunnel hydrogen storage system according to claim 3, wherein: the hydrogen packaging grid (4) is fixed by a special frame, and a plurality of high-pressure hydrogen steel cylinder interfaces are combined in parallel by adopting a gas collecting pipe.

8. The hydropower station construction branch tunnel hydrogen storage system according to claim 4, wherein: the firewall (8) is a non-combustible solid wall, and the height of the firewall is not less than 2.5 m.

9. A hydrogen storage method of the hydropower station construction branch tunnel hydrogen storage system according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein the method comprises the following steps: comprising a hydrogen conveying step and a replacement purging step,

hydrogen gas transmission: the hydrogen transmission system transmits the hydrogen received from the hydrogen production system to the hydrogen fuel cell;

replacement purging: closing a valve of a hydrogen production system and a hydrogen transmission system, starting a hydrogen packaging grid (4) in a replacement purging system to supply gas to a hydrogen fuel cell, starting a connecting valve between a nitrogen packaging grid (5) and a hydrogen storage tank (3) in an isolation maintenance system, conveying nitrogen to the hydrogen storage tank (3), performing nitrogen replacement maintenance, closing the connecting valve between the nitrogen packaging grid (5) and the hydrogen storage tank (3) in the isolation maintenance system after completion, opening a valve of the hydrogen production system and the hydrogen transmission system, conveying hydrogen to the hydrogen storage tank (3), and entering a hydrogen transmission step.

10. The hydrogen storage method of the hydropower station construction branch tunnel hydrogen storage system according to claim 9, characterized in that: when the hydrogen transmission system comprises a plurality of hydrogen storage tanks (3), the replacement purging steps of each hydrogen storage tank (3) are carried out in sequence.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower, in particular to a hydropower station construction branch tunnel hydrogen storage system and a hydrogen storage method.

Background

China has abundant water resources, and hydropower construction achieves the remarkable achievement, so that the economic and social benefits are remarkable, but certain problems which cannot be ignored exist. If the electricity load of the power transmission area of part of water power stations is not coordinated with natural runoff, the water abandoning phenomenon of the power stations in the flood season is serious, and the electricity quantity of the water abandoning in Sichuan is up to 350 hundred million kilowatts in 2020 by incomplete estimation, and the Sichuan water and electricity are under huge absorption pressure.

In recent years, research on water electrolysis hydrogen production technology is increasingly paid attention and supported worldwide. Therefore, the hydropower station is used for producing hydrogen by electrolysis, the problem of water and electricity consumption in the case of surplus electric power can be effectively solved, the utilization rate of water resources can be improved, and the water abandonment of the hydropower station in the flood season can be reduced. At present, hydrogen storage cost is high, requirements on fire prevention and explosion prevention are high, hydrogen production capacity of a hydropower station is high, and a hydropower station hydrogen storage technology becomes a problem to be solved urgently.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art, and provides a hydropower station construction branch tunnel hydrogen storage system and a hydrogen storage method, namely, the temporary construction branch tunnel in the construction period is used as a hydropower station hydrogen storage and inspection station, the isolation is good, the cost is saved, the space is effectively utilized, and the system and the method have important significance for popularization and application of hydrogen energy in hydropower stations.

in order to achieve the purpose, the hydropower station construction branch tunnel hydrogen storage system comprises a construction branch tunnel of a hydropower station, and is characterized in that the construction branch tunnel is arranged below a mountain surface line and comprises a hydrogen transmission system, a replacement purging system and a fireproof and explosion-proof system:

The hydrogen transmission system is used for storing the hydrogen transmitted by the hydrogen production system and transmitting the stored hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel cell through the pipeline system;

The isolation maintenance system is used for performing nitrogen replacement and/or water filling replacement on the hydrogen transmission system;

The fireproof and explosion-proof system is arranged around the inner wall of the construction branch tunnel and used for providing fireproof and explosion-proof facilities for the construction branch tunnel hydrogen storage system.

Furthermore, the hydrogen transmission system comprises a plurality of hydrogen storage tanks, and each hydrogen storage tank is provided with a valve communicated with the hydrogen production system and a valve communicated with the hydrogen fuel cell.

Furthermore, the replacement purging system comprises hydrogen container grids and a nitrogen container grid, wherein the number of the hydrogen container grids is the same as that of the hydrogen storage tank, the input end of each hydrogen container grid is connected with the hydrogen storage tank, and the output end of each hydrogen container grid is connected with the hydrogen fuel cell.

Furthermore, the replacement purging system comprises hydrogen container grids and a nitrogen container grid, the number of the hydrogen container grids is the same as that of the hydrogen storage tank, the output end of each hydrogen container grid is connected with the hydrogen fuel cell, a replacement pipeline is arranged between each nitrogen container grid and the hydrogen storage tank, and a nitrogen conveying branch valve communicated with the hydrogen storage tank is arranged on each replacement pipeline.

Furthermore, the bottom slope of the construction branch tunnel is smooth, and surrounding rocks of the cavern are stable.

Furthermore, the bottom of each hydrogen storage tank is provided with a drain outlet, and the drain outlet collects sewage of the construction branch hole through a drain pipe.

Furthermore, the hydrogen container grid is fixed by a special frame, and a gas collecting pipe is adopted to combine a plurality of high-pressure hydrogen steel cylinder interfaces in parallel.

further, the fire-proof wall is a non-combustible solid wall with the height not less than 2.5 m.

The invention also provides a hydrogen storage method based on the hydropower station construction branch tunnel hydrogen storage system, which is characterized by comprising a hydrogen transmission step and a replacement purging step,

Hydrogen gas transmission: the hydrogen transmission system transmits the hydrogen received from the hydrogen production system to the hydrogen fuel cell;

Replacement purging: closing a valve of the hydrogen production system and the hydrogen transmission system, starting a hydrogen packaging grid in the replacement purging system to supply gas to the hydrogen fuel cell, opening a connecting valve between the nitrogen packaging grid and the hydrogen storage tank in the isolation maintenance system, conveying nitrogen to the hydrogen storage tank, performing nitrogen replacement maintenance, closing the connecting valve between the nitrogen packaging grid and the hydrogen storage tank in the isolation maintenance system after completion, opening a valve of the hydrogen production system and the hydrogen transmission system, conveying hydrogen to the hydrogen storage tank, and entering the step of hydrogen transmission.

Preferably, when the hydrogen gas transfer system includes a plurality of hydrogen storage tanks, the replacement purge step of each hydrogen storage tank is performed sequentially.

compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) The technology of the invention utilizes the hydropower station construction branch tunnel to store hydrogen, has good isolation, saves the cost and effectively utilizes the space.

(2) The technology of the invention can be directly applied to underground hydropower stations, and has important significance for development, utilization and popularization of hydrogen energy in hydropower stations.

drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydropower station construction branch tunnel hydrogen storage system of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the position of the construction branch tunnel in the hydropower station.

In the figure: the construction branch tunnel 1, the ventilation tunnel 2, the hydrogen storage tank 3, the hydrogen packaging grid 4, the nitrogen packaging grid 5, the valves 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.11, 6.13, 6.15, the sewage valves 6.7, 6.8, 6.9, the nitrogen conveying branch valves 6.10, 6.12, 6.14, the nitrogen conveying pipeline main valve 6.16, the grounding wire 7, the firewall 8, the fan 9, the hydrogen concentration alarm 10, the sewage pipe 11, the pressure gauge 12 and the flowmeter 13.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical scheme and the beneficial effects of the invention more clearly understood, the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the hydrogen storage system for a construction branch tunnel of a hydropower station comprises a construction branch tunnel 1 arranged below a mountain surface line in the hydropower station. The construction branch hole 1 comprises a hydrogen transmission system, a replacement purging system and a fire and explosion prevention system. The hydrogen transmission system is used for storing the hydrogen transmitted by the hydrogen production system and transmitting the stored hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel cell through the pipeline system; the isolation maintenance system is used for performing nitrogen replacement and/or water filling replacement on the hydrogen transmission system; the fireproof and explosion-proof system is arranged around the inner wall of the construction branch tunnel 1 and used for providing fireproof and explosion-proof facilities for the construction branch tunnel hydrogen storage system. Construction branch tunnel requires smooth bottom slope and good stability of chamber surrounding rock.

The hydrogen transmission system comprises a plurality of hydrogen storage tanks 3, wherein the number of the hydrogen storage tanks 3 is three in the embodiment, and the design pressure is 1.0-20 MPa. The number and specification of the hydrogen storage tanks 3 are determined by the hydrogen production scale of the power station, and vertical or horizontal hydrogen storage tanks can be selected according to the height of the construction branch hole 1. Each hydrogen storage tank 3 is provided with a valve communicating with the hydrogen production system and a valve communicating with the hydrogen fuel cell. The three hydrogen storage tanks 3.1, 3.2 and 3.2 are respectively communicated with a hydrogen production system through valves 6.1, 6.2 and 6.3 and communicated with a hydrogen fuel cell through valves 6.4, 6.5 and 6.6. Pressure gauges 12 and flow meters 13 are respectively arranged on pipelines between the three hydrogen storage tanks 3.1, 3.2 and the valves 6.4, 6.5 and 6.6. The pressure gauge 12 is used for monitoring the air pressure at the outlet of the hydrogen storage tank 3 and the air pressure of the hydrogen conveying pipeline; the flow meter 13 is used for monitoring the hydrogen output flow of the outlet of the hydrogen storage tank 3. The bottoms of the three hydrogen storage tanks 3.1, 3.2 and 3.2 are respectively provided with a drain outlet which is respectively communicated with a drain pipe 11 through drain valves 6.7, 6.8 and 6.9, and the drain pipe 11 is used for collecting and draining sewage of the construction branch hole 1.

The replacement purging system comprises hydrogen container grids 4 and a nitrogen container grid 5 which are the same in number as the hydrogen storage tanks 3. The hydrogen packaging grid 4 is fixed by a special frame, and a plurality of high-pressure hydrogen steel cylinder interfaces are combined in parallel by adopting a gas collecting pipe. The output ends of the three hydrogen container lattices 4.1, 4.2 and 4.2 are respectively connected with a hydrogen fuel cell through valves 6.11, 6.13 and 6.15, a replacement pipeline is arranged between the nitrogen container lattice 5 and the hydrogen storage tank 3, a nitrogen conveying pipeline main valve 6.16 and nitrogen conveying branch valves 6.10, 6.12 and 6.14 which are respectively communicated with the three hydrogen storage tanks 3.1, 3.2 and 3.2 are arranged on the replacement pipeline, and pressure gauges 12 are also respectively arranged on pipelines of the hydrogen storage tanks 3.1, 3.2 and the nitrogen conveying branch valves 6.10, 6.12 and 6.14.

the fire-proof and explosion-proof system comprises a ventilation hole 2 which is arranged on the top of a construction branch hole 1 and communicated with the external space on the mountain surface line, a fan 9 is arranged at the bottom of the ventilation hole 2, and the fan 9 is used for ventilation of the construction branch hole. The fire-proof and explosion-proof system further comprises a fire wall 8, a grounding wire 7 and a hydrogen concentration alarm 10 which are arranged around the construction branch tunnel 1. The hydrogen concentration alarm 10 is used for detecting the hydrogen concentration of the construction branch hole. The firewall 8 is a non-combustible solid wall with the height not less than 2.5 m. When the concentration of hydrogen in the construction branch hole reaches or exceeds a preset alarm value of 50ppm, the hydrogen concentration alarm instrument 10 immediately gives out sound and light alarm and drives the fan 9, so that safety cut-off measures can be taken in time.

The fire-proof and explosion-proof system is an independent unit, and the hydrogen transmission system and the replacement purging system are switched by a valve. The hydrogen gas transfer system is an independent operation system in units of each hydrogen storage tank 3, and when it is operated, the replacement purge system is brought out of operation. When one of the hydrogen storage tanks 3 is overhauled, the hydrogen container grid 4 is started for standby operation, the hydrogen storage tank 3 exits from the hydrogen transmission system, and the replacement purging system is put into use. And when the maintenance is finished, the replacement purging system can be withdrawn.

Based on the system, the invention also provides a hydrogen storage method, which comprises a hydrogen transmission step and a replacement purging step, wherein the hydrogen transmission step comprises the following steps: the hydrogen transmission system transmits the hydrogen received from the hydrogen production system to the hydrogen fuel cell; replacement purging: closing a valve of a hydrogen production system and a hydrogen transmission system, starting a hydrogen packaging grid 4 in a replacement purging system to supply gas to a hydrogen fuel cell, starting a connecting valve between a nitrogen packaging grid 5 and a hydrogen storage tank 3 in an isolation maintenance system, conveying nitrogen to the hydrogen storage tank 3, carrying out nitrogen replacement maintenance, closing the connecting valve between the nitrogen packaging grid 5 and the hydrogen storage tank 3 in the isolation maintenance system after completion, opening a valve of the hydrogen production system and the hydrogen transmission system, conveying hydrogen to the hydrogen storage tank 3, and entering a hydrogen transmission step.

The specific process comprises the following steps:

Hydrogen gas transmission: when the hydrogen transmission system is started to operate, the valves 6.1-6.3 are opened to receive hydrogen of the hydrogen production device; opening valves 6.4-6.6, and conveying hydrogen; and 6.7-6.16 closing the valve.

Replacement purging: when the replacement purge system of the hydrogen storage tank 3.1 is started, the hydrogen storage tank 3.1 is first isolated: and (3) closing the valve 6.1, stopping supplying gas to the hydrogen production device, monitoring an outlet pressure gauge 12 of the hydrogen storage tank 3.1, and closing the valve 6.4 when the pressure is reduced to be below 0.8 Mpa. The valve 6.15 is opened to start the spare hydrogen container 4.3 to supply gas for the hydrogen fuel cell. Then, the hydrogen storage tank 3.1 is overhauled: the evacuation door of the hydrogen storage tank 3.1 is opened until the pressure drops to 0.2Mpa, and then the evacuation door is closed. The drain outlet at the bottom of the hydrogen storage tank 3.1 is connected with a replacement pipeline of the nitrogen container grid 5, firstly, a valve 6.16 on the nitrogen container grid 5 is opened, a valve 6.10 of a nitrogen conveying pipeline is opened, a port valve 6.7 at the bottom of the hydrogen storage tank 3.1 is opened for nitrogen replacement, and when the content of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank 3.1 is less than or equal to 2 percent, the replacement is stopped. And (4) closing the valve 6.16 and the valve 6.10, cutting off nitrogen replacement, performing water filling replacement in the same operation, and performing tightness and related inspection work on the hydrogen storage tank 3.1. After the test and maintenance are finished, the water in the hydrogen storage tank 3.1 is drained, the drained water is drained to a drainage pipe 11 of the construction branch tunnel through a drainage outlet of the hydrogen storage tank, the nitrogen replacement work is repeated, and after the nitrogen replacement is qualified, a valve 6.4 between the hydrogen storage tank 3.1 and the hydrogen transmission system is opened again.

the maintenance and isolation work of the hydrogen storage tanks 3.2 and 3.3 can be carried out in sequence according to the steps.

it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.

Those not described in detail in this specification are within the skill of the art.