阅读说明：本技术 一种汽水引射式减温减压装置及方法 (steam-water injection type temperature and pressure reducing device and method ) 是由 张锡乾 吴冲 卫平波 杨彭飞 耿宣 李志锋 于 2019-09-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种汽水引射式减温减压装置及方法,包括高温高压蒸汽入口管道1、减温水入口管道2、旋转雾化器3、拉法尔喷嘴4、接受室8、混合管10和扩压管12；所述高温高压蒸汽入口管道1的出口与拉法尔喷嘴4连接,所述减温水入口管道2的出口与旋转雾化器3相连,所述旋转雾化器3的出口和拉法尔喷嘴4的出口均与接受室8的一端相连通；所述接受室8另一端依次与混合管10和扩压管12相连接。通过本发明进行蒸汽的减温减压,有效缩短了蒸汽和水的混合时间,同时缩短了混合管和扩压管的长度,降低了运行成本和能耗。(the invention relates to a steam-water injection type temperature and pressure reducing device and a method, comprising a high-temperature high-pressure steam inlet pipeline 1, a temperature reducing water inlet pipeline 2, a rotary atomizer 3, a Laval nozzle 4, a receiving chamber 8, a mixing pipe 10 and a diffuser pipe 12; the outlet of the high-temperature high-pressure steam inlet pipeline 1 is connected with a Laval nozzle 4, the outlet of the desuperheating water inlet pipeline 2 is connected with a rotary atomizer 3, and the outlet of the rotary atomizer 3 and the outlet of the Laval nozzle 4 are both communicated with one end of a receiving chamber 8; the other end of the receiving chamber 8 is connected with a mixing pipe 10 and a diffuser pipe 12 in sequence. The invention can reduce the temperature and pressure of the steam, effectively shorten the mixing time of the steam and the water, shorten the length of the mixing pipe and the diffuser pipe, and reduce the operation cost and the energy consumption.)

1. The utility model provides a soda injection formula pressure and temperature reduction device which characterized in that: comprises a high-temperature high-pressure steam inlet pipeline (1), a temperature-reducing water inlet pipeline (2), a rotary atomizer (3), a Laval nozzle (4), a receiving chamber (8), a mixing pipe (10) and a diffuser pipe (12); the outlet of the high-temperature high-pressure steam inlet pipeline (1) is connected with the Laval nozzle (4), the outlet of the desuperheating water inlet pipeline (2) is connected with the rotary atomizer (3), and the outlet of the rotary atomizer (3) and the outlet of the Laval nozzle (4) are both communicated with one end of the receiving chamber (8); the other end of the receiving chamber (8) is connected with a mixing pipe (10) and a diffuser pipe (12) in sequence.

2. The steam-water injection type temperature and pressure reducing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rotary atomizer (3) is composed of a plurality of guide vanes (14) with the same rotation direction and angle, an outer cylindrical cylinder (15) and an inner cylindrical cylinder (16).

3. The steam-water injection type temperature and pressure reducing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the included angle between the guide vane (14) and the axis of the rotary atomizer (3) is 15-75 degrees.

4. the steam-water injection type temperature and pressure reducing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the receiving chamber (8), the mixing tube (10) and the diffuser tube (12) are integrated in the form of a Laval tube.

5. A steam-water injection type temperature and pressure reducing method adopts the steam-water injection type temperature and pressure reducing device of any one of claims 1 to 4, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:

S1, allowing high-temperature and high-pressure steam to enter the Laval nozzle (4) through the high-temperature and high-pressure steam inlet pipeline (1), and forming a low-pressure and reflux area (7) in the receiving chamber (8) after the high-temperature and high-pressure steam is sprayed out;

s2, the desuperheated water enters the rotary atomizer (3) through the desuperheated water inlet pipeline (2) and is atomized into small liquid drops, the small liquid drops rotate at high speed at the periphery of the Laval nozzle (4), and the small liquid drops are injected into the receiving chamber (8) due to the low pressure formed in the step S1;

steam sprayed from the S3 nozzle and temperature-reduced water droplets in the step S2 are contacted and mixed in a reflux area (7) of the receiving chamber (8) for heat exchange, and high-temperature and high-pressure steam is changed into superheated steam with relatively low temperature and pressure;

s4 the mixture of desuperheated water droplets and superheated steam generated in step S3 enters the mixing pipe (10) from the receiving chamber (8) to further mix and transfer heat, thereby further reducing the temperature of the steam;

S5 the steam generated in step S4 enters the diffuser pipe (12) from the mixing pipe (10), the speed of the steam is reduced, the pressure is increased, and the steam suitable for use is formed.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of steam temperature and pressure reduction, in particular to a low-energy-consumption steam-water injection type temperature and pressure reduction device and method.

Background

The temperature and pressure reducing device reduces high-temperature and high-pressure steam into low-pressure and low-temperature superheated steam or saturated steam which can meet the requirements of equipment. Taking a denitration urea hydrolyzer of a thermal power plant as an example, the steam required by the hydrolyzer is about 0.7MPa and 165 ℃, but the auxiliary steam of a boiler of the power plant is basically 0.8-3.0MPa, and the temperature is basically 280-350 ℃; if the high-temperature high-pressure steam directly enters the urea hydrolyzer, the equipment of the hydrolyzer is broken down or even damaged, and the service life of the hydrolyzer is greatly shortened; and meanwhile, urea cannot be completely decomposed into ammonia gas and carbon dioxide, so that urea resources are wasted, and the efficiency of the hydrolyzer is reduced. Taking the steam at the outlet of the superheater of the boiler in the thermal power plant as an example, the steam generated by the boiler enters the steam turbine to do work after being further heated by the heater, but the steam turbine is sensitive to the temperature and the pressure of the steam, and if the steam parameter is greater than the upper limit of the steam parameter required by the steam turbine, the steam turbine is damaged, and meanwhile, great potential safety hazards can be caused. The temperature and pressure must be reduced to the appropriate range by the desuperheating and depressurizing device.

The traditional temperature and pressure reducing device has the problems of small flow adjustable range, large noise vibration and the like, and also has the problems of complex structure, large volume, high precision requirement of part components, high energy consumption of system operation and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a steam-water injection type temperature and pressure reducing device and method.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a steam-water injection type temperature and pressure reducing device comprises a high-temperature high-pressure steam inlet pipeline, a temperature reducing water inlet pipeline, a rotary atomizer, a Laval nozzle, a receiving chamber, a mixing pipe and a diffuser pipe; the outlet of the high-temperature high-pressure steam inlet pipeline is connected with a Laval nozzle, the outlet of the desuperheating water inlet pipeline is connected with a rotary atomizer, and the outlet of the rotary atomizer and the outlet of the Laval nozzle are both communicated with one end of a receiving chamber; the other end of the receiving chamber is sequentially connected with the mixing pipe and the diffuser pipe.

In the steam-water injection type temperature and pressure reducing device, the rotary atomizer is composed of a plurality of guide vanes with the same rotation direction and angle, an outer cylindrical cylinder and an inner cylindrical cylinder.

In the steam-water injection type temperature and pressure reducing device, the included angle between the guide vane and the axis of the rotary atomizer is 15-75 degrees.

According to the steam-water injection type temperature and pressure reducing device, the receiving chamber, the mixing pipe and the diffuser pipe are integrally in a Laval pipe form.

A steam-water injection type temperature and pressure reducing method adopts the steam-water injection type temperature and pressure reducing device and comprises the following steps:

S1, allowing high-temperature and high-pressure steam to enter a Laval nozzle through a high-temperature and high-pressure steam inlet pipeline, and spraying the steam to form a low-pressure and reflux area in the receiving chamber;

s2, allowing the desuperheating water to enter the rotary atomizer through the desuperheating water inlet pipeline and be atomized into small droplets, rotating at a high speed around the Laval nozzle, and injecting the small droplets into the receiving chamber due to the low pressure formed in the step S1;

steam sprayed by the nozzle S3 and temperature-reduced water droplets in the step S2 are contacted and mixed in a return zone of the receiving chamber to exchange heat, and high-temperature and high-pressure steam is changed into superheated steam with relatively low temperature and pressure;

S4 the mixture of desuperheated water droplets and superheated steam generated in step S3 from the receiving chamber enters a mixing pipe to further mix and transfer heat, thereby further reducing the temperature of the steam;

S5 the steam generated in step S4 enters the diffuser pipe from the mixing pipe, the steam speed is reduced, the pressure is increased, and the steam suitable for use is formed.

the small temperature-reducing water droplets are partially evaporated in the receiving chamber and are continuously evaporated in the mixing pipe, and the temperature of the high-temperature high-pressure steam is reduced through a secondary evaporation process.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

The rotary atomizer is used for atomizing the desuperheating water, the structure is simple and stable, the number of desuperheating water inlets and corresponding pipeline connections are reduced, and the number of desuperheating water atomizing devices is reduced;

because the receiving chamber has a reflux area, the contact time of the steam and the desuperheating water in the receiving chamber is prolonged, the heat transfer effect is better, the temperature and the pressure can be reduced in a short time and a short distance, and the temperature and the pressure are close to the designed values when the mixture of the steam and the desuperheating water enters the mixing pipe, so that the lengths of the mixing pipe and the diffuser pipe can be shortened; moreover, the receiving chamber, the mixing pipe and the diffuser pipe are integrally in a Laval pipe form, and the characteristics that the Laval pipe enables the steam pressure to be reduced and the flow speed to be increased are utilized, so that the steam and the temperature-reducing water droplets are violently mixed in the receiving chamber and the mixing pipe and are fully contacted to carry out strong energy and momentum conversion, the mixing time of the steam and the water is effectively shortened, and the lengths of the mixing pipe and the diffuser pipe are also shortened; compared with the temperature and pressure reducing device with the same specification, the length of the mixing pipe and the diffuser pipe can be shortened by about 30 percent;

The invention can adjust the flow of high-temperature and high-pressure steam by adjusting the size of the Laval nozzle, and adjust the flow of the desuperheating water, thereby accurately reducing the final steam temperature and pressure to the designed values, improving the desuperheating and depressurizing precision and simultaneously increasing the adjustable range of the steam flow;

The steam-water injection type temperature and pressure reduction method is adopted, the pressure and temperature reduction processes are carried out in the device at the same time, and compared with a mode of reducing pressure and then cooling, the operation process is simplified;

the steam-water injection type temperature and pressure reducing method is adopted, the overall structure of the temperature and pressure reducing device is simplified, the use of complex structural accessories and auxiliary devices in the temperature and pressure reducing process is reduced, and the device has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in operation, small overall size and small occupied space after installation; meanwhile, because no mechanical transmission part is arranged in the device, the device has simple structure, stable operation and convenient maintenance, and reduces the operation cost and energy consumption.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the apparatus for reducing temperature and pressure according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of a preferred structure of the rotary atomizer of the present invention.

reference numerals: 1-high temperature high pressure steam inlet pipeline, 2-desuperheating water inlet pipeline, 3-rotary atomizer, 4-Laval nozzle, 5-Laval nozzle throat, 6-Laval nozzle outlet cross section, 7-reflux zone, 8-receiving chamber, 9-receiving chamber and mixing pipe interface, 10-mixing pipe, 11-mixing pipe and diffuser pipe interface, 12-diffuser pipe, 13-diffuser pipe outlet interface, 14-guide vane, 15-outer cylinder, 16-inner cylinder, A-high temperature high pressure steam inlet, B-desuperheating water inlet, C-steam outlet.

Detailed Description

Example 1 of the invention: as shown in fig. 1, a steam-water injection type temperature and pressure reducing device comprises a high-temperature high-pressure steam inlet pipeline 1, a temperature reducing water inlet pipeline 2, a rotary atomizer 3, a laval nozzle 4, a receiving chamber 8, a mixing pipe 10 and a diffuser pipe 12; the outlet of the high-temperature high-pressure steam inlet pipeline 1 is connected with a Laval nozzle 4, the outlet of the desuperheating water inlet pipeline 2 is connected with a rotary atomizer 3, and the outlet of the rotary atomizer 3 and the outlet of the Laval nozzle 4 are both communicated with one end of a receiving chamber 8; the other end of the receiving chamber 8 is sequentially connected with a mixing pipe 10 and a diffuser pipe 12; the receiving chamber 8, the mixing tube 10 and the diffuser tube 12 are integral in the form of a laval tube. Wherein the outlet cross section 6 of the laval nozzle 4 can be arranged in the receiving chamber 8.