阅读说明：本技术 ***固定装置及其应用的溜井疏堵系统和方法 (blasting fixing device and orepass dredging and blocking system and method applying same ) 是由 史秀志 喻智 陈新 霍晓锋 张军辉 张宗国 苟永刚 饶帝军 张世安 于 2019-09-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种爆破固定装置及其应用的溜井疏堵系统和方法,爆破固定装置包括立杆和设置在立杆上的至少一组伞形支撑机构；立杆的顶部设置用于固定炸药包的支撑平台；伞形支撑机构包括若干围绕立杆成伞形布置的斜撑杆,伞形支撑机构在张开状态下,斜撑杆一端连接于立杆上,另一端通过炸药包以及装置自重的重力作用抵接支撑于爆破通道的内壁上。本发明使用伞形支撑机构对炸药包进行固定,将炸药包上升输送至堵塞物位置下方后,利用伞形支撑机构的单向支撑结构将炸药包支撑固定在溜井内部进行疏堵爆破,本发明的溜井疏堵系统和方法在炸药运输过程更为平稳,爆破方式更具有破坏力,同时起爆过程仅损坏价格低廉的伞形支撑机构,成本更低。(the invention discloses a blasting fixing device and an orepass dredging and blocking system and method applying the same, wherein the blasting fixing device comprises a vertical rod and at least one group of umbrella-shaped supporting mechanisms arranged on the vertical rod; a supporting platform for fixing an explosive bag is arranged at the top of the vertical rod; the umbrella-shaped supporting mechanism comprises a plurality of inclined supporting rods which are arranged around the vertical rods in an umbrella shape, one ends of the inclined supporting rods are connected to the vertical rods in an open state, and the other ends of the inclined supporting rods are supported on the inner wall of the blasting channel in an abutting mode under the gravity action of the self weight of the explosive package and the device. According to the chute blockage removing system and method, the explosive bag is fixed by using the umbrella-shaped supporting mechanism, after the explosive bag is lifted and conveyed to the position below the blockage, the explosive bag is supported and fixed in the chute by using the one-way supporting structure of the umbrella-shaped supporting mechanism for blockage removing blasting.)

1. blasting fixing device, its characterized in that: comprises a vertical rod (3) and at least one group of umbrella-shaped supporting mechanisms (2) arranged on the vertical rod (3);

A supporting platform (31) for fixing an explosive package is arranged at the top of the upright rod (3);

The umbrella-shaped supporting mechanism (2) comprises a plurality of inclined supporting rods (21) which are arranged around the vertical rods (3) in an umbrella shape, one ends of the inclined supporting rods (21) are connected to the vertical rods (3) in an opening state of the umbrella-shaped supporting mechanism (2), and the other ends of the inclined supporting rods are supported on the inner wall of the blasting channel in an abutting mode under the gravity action of the self weight of the explosive package and the device.

2. The blasting fixing device according to claim 1, wherein one end of the inclined strut (21) is slidably hinged on the vertical rod (3) along the axial direction of the vertical rod (3), the non-hinged position of the inclined strut (21) forms a supporting triangle with the vertical rod (3) through a connecting rod (22), and two ends of the connecting rod (22) are fixedly hinged with the inclined strut (21) and the vertical rod (3) respectively.

3. The utility model provides a drop shaft dredging system which characterized in that: comprising a blasting fixture according to claim 1 or 2, placed on a lifting device (6), which lifting device (6) is arranged in the chute below the chute blockage by means of a telescopic floor (61) that is telescopic in the horizontal direction.

4. the shaft dredging and blocking system of claim 3, wherein the ends of the inclined supporting rods (21) of the umbrella-shaped supporting mechanism (2) are fixedly hinged on the same sliding sleeve (23), the sliding sleeve (23) is sleeved on the vertical rod (3) and is connected with the vertical rod (3) through a spring (24) arranged along the axial direction of the vertical rod, and the spring (24) provides the tendency of the umbrella-shaped supporting mechanism to keep an open state.

5. The shaft dredging and blocking system according to claim 3, wherein the ends of the inclined struts (21) of the umbrella-shaped support mechanism (2) are fixedly hinged to independent sliding blocks (26), the sliding blocks (26) connected with all the inclined struts (21) are slidably embedded in a plurality of sliding grooves (33) arranged along the axial direction of the vertical rod (3), springs (24) are arranged in the sliding grooves (33) along the axial direction of the vertical rod to connect the sliding blocks (26) and the vertical rod (3), the springs (24) provide a tendency corresponding to the outward opening of the inclined struts (21), and all the springs (24) together provide a tendency that the umbrella-shaped mechanism keeps an open state.

6. A shaft dredging system according to claim 4 or 5, wherein all diagonal braces (21) of the umbrella-shaped support mechanism (2) are kept in a folded state by slipknot tying binding ropes (25), and slipknot rope ends of the binding ropes (25) extend into a shaft communication channel where the lifting device (6) is located.

7. the shaft dredging and blocking system of claim 5, wherein a stop block (27) for limiting the sliding block (26) to move under the action of a spring (24) is arranged in the sliding groove (33) of the upright (3), the inclined strut (21) is used for limiting the sliding block (26) to be kept in a folded state through the stop block (27), the sliding block (26) is connected with an electric driving piece with a remote control module (210) arranged in the upright, and the limit of the stop block (27) on the sliding block (26) is released through the electric driving piece.

8. The orepass dredging system of claim 3, wherein the lifting device (6) adopts a scissor lifting structure and comprises a lifting base (62), a scissor mechanism (63), a lifting oil cylinder (64) and a lifting platform (65);

the lifting base (62) is arranged on the telescopic bottom plate (61), one end of the scissor mechanism (63) is arranged on the lifting base (62), the other end of the scissor mechanism is connected with the lifting platform (65), the lifting oil cylinder (64) drives the scissor mechanism (63) to vertically stretch, and a vertical rod socket (66) used for vertical rod insertion of the blasting fixing device is arranged on the lifting platform (65).

9. The shaft dredging system according to claim 3, wherein the explosive package (1) is a shaped explosive package, and the explosive package (1) is fixed on the supporting platform (31) through a soft cushion.

10. a method for dredging and blocking an ore pass is characterized by comprising the following steps: the shaft dredging system of claims 3-9 is adopted, and comprises the following specific steps:

Firstly, estimating the thickness of a plug;

Secondly, mounting explosives, calculating the explosive quantity required by the explosive package according to the thickness of the plug estimated in the first step, and fixing the explosive package with the arranged detonating detonator on a supporting platform of the blasting fixing device;

Thirdly, installing the blasting fixing device, and placing the whole blasting fixing device on the lifting device after keeping the umbrella-shaped supporting mechanism of the blasting fixing device in a folding state;

Fourthly, conveying the explosive charges, wherein an operator controls the telescopic bottom plate to extend out of the chute in the chute, the blasting fixing device on the lifting device extends out of the chute, and the lifting device is controlled to lift the blasting fixing device upwards along the chute until the explosive charges contact the bottom of a blocking object, and the lifting position of the explosive charges can be observed by an unmanned aerial vehicle with a camera in the process;

Fifthly, fixing the explosive bag, removing the umbrella-shaped supporting mechanism after the explosive bag contacts the bottom of the blockage, enabling the umbrella-shaped supporting mechanism to be in an open state, and supporting and fixing the blasting fixing device and the explosive bag below the blockage through the inclined strut;

And sixthly, detonating the explosive package, withdrawing the lifting device, pulling the detonating tube of the detonating detonator to a safe position, detonating the explosive package, and finishing the blocking blasting treatment of the chute.

Technical Field

the invention belongs to the mine blasting technology, and particularly relates to a blasting fixing device and an ore pass dredging and blocking system and method applied to the blasting fixing device.

Background

Mines often dig a series of winches between the main hoist system and the work surface to effect the transfer of ore and debris in the ore development system. However, in the process of transferring the ores and the waste rocks, the large rock blocks move slowly under the action of the rough wall surface of the chute, then the large rock blocks are blocked in the chute, the small rock blocks cover the large rock blocks and are gradually compacted and stacked, and finally, slag blockage, arching and other abnormal phenomena are formed in the chute. The abnormal drop shaft state brings great threat to the normal production of the mine and the operation of mine workers. Under the condition, the mine must adopt proper measures to dredge the chute so as to ensure the normal production of the mine.

The water flushing dredging method and the blasting dredging method are the most widely applied draw shaft dredging methods at present. The water-flushing dredging method is characterized in that water is injected into the ore pass from the upper ore pass communication channel, the friction force of slag is gradually reduced after water injection, the dead weight of the slag is gradually increased, and the slag saturated with water falls along the ore pass, so that the purpose of dredging and blocking the ore pass is finally achieved. However, the water-jet dredging method is influenced by the water injection amount and the water injection time, and is easy to generate safety risks such as debris flow and the like.

The blasting dredging method is a method for disintegrating, destroying and loosening a blocking body by using explosion energy, and comprises a detonation treatment method, a bare explosive charge support rod blasting method, a mining rocket tube blasting method, a drilling blasting method, a hydrogen balloon blasting method, a gas hose blasting method, an unmanned aerial vehicle blasting method and the like. Wherein, the detonation treatment method and the naked explosive charge support rod blasting method have larger operation risk and poor blasting effect. The drilling blasting method needs to accurately judge the drilling position, and has high operation difficulty and complex operation procedure. The blasting method of rocket tube, hydrogen balloon, gas hose and unmanned aerial vehicle for mining use is to transport the explosive to the designated position by the flying carriers such as rocket projectile, hydrogen balloon, gas hose and unmanned aerial vehicle, but the explosive carrying capacity is relatively small, the cost is high, and the dredging effect for the ore pass with large blocking volume is poor.

disclosure of Invention

The technical problem solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the problems of high operation difficulty and high cost of the blasting dredging means adopted in the conventional mine dredging, the blasting fixing device used in draw shaft blocking blasting and the draw shaft dredging system and method applied by the same are provided.

The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:

The blasting fixing device comprises a vertical rod 3 and at least one group of umbrella-shaped supporting mechanisms 2 arranged on the vertical rod 3;

The top of the upright rod 3 is provided with a supporting platform 31 for fixing an explosive package;

The umbrella-shaped supporting mechanism 2 comprises a plurality of inclined supporting rods 21 which are arranged around the vertical rods 3 in an umbrella shape, one ends of the inclined supporting rods 21 are connected to the vertical rods 3 in an open state of the umbrella-shaped supporting mechanism 2, and the other ends of the inclined supporting rods 21 are supported on the inner wall of the blasting channel in an abutting mode under the gravity action of the self weight of the explosive charge and the device.

Furthermore, one end of the inclined strut 21 is slidably hinged to the vertical rod 3, the sliding direction of the inclined strut is along the axial direction of the vertical rod 3, a non-hinged position of the inclined strut 21 forms a supporting triangle with the vertical rod 3 through a connecting rod 22, and two ends of the connecting rod 22 are fixedly hinged to the inclined strut 21 and the vertical rod 3 respectively.

The invention further discloses an ore pass dredging and blocking system comprising the blasting fixing device, wherein the blasting fixing device is arranged on the lifting device 6, and the lifting device 6 is arranged in an ore pass communication channel below an ore pass blockage through a telescopic bottom plate 61 which is telescopic along the horizontal direction.

Preferably, the ends of the inclined supporting rods 21 of the umbrella-shaped supporting mechanism 2 are all fixedly hinged on the same sliding sleeve 23, the sliding sleeve 23 is sleeved on the upright 3 and is connected with the upright 3 through springs 24 arranged along the axial direction of the upright, and the springs 24 provide the tendency of the umbrella-shaped supporting mechanism to keep an open state.

As another preferable scheme, the end parts of the inclined struts 21 of the umbrella-shaped supporting mechanism 2 are fixedly hinged on independent sliding blocks 26, the sliding blocks 26 connected with all the inclined struts 21 are slidably embedded in a plurality of sliding grooves 33 arranged along the axial direction of the upright stanchion 3, springs 24 are arranged in the sliding grooves 33 along the axial direction of the upright stanchion to connect the sliding blocks 26 and the upright stanchion 3, the springs 24 provide a tendency corresponding to the outward opening of the inclined struts 21, and all the springs 24 together provide a tendency for the umbrella-shaped mechanism to maintain an open state.

In the above-described aspect of the present invention, all the diagonal braces 21 of the umbrella-shaped support mechanism 2 are kept in the collapsed state by the tying rope 25 tied by a knot, and the knot end of the tying rope 25 extends into the chute communication passage in which the lifting device 6 is located.

Or, a stop 27 for limiting the movement of the slide block 26 under the action of the spring 24 is arranged in the slide groove 33 of the upright rod 3, the inclined strut 21 is used for limiting the folded state of the slide block 26 through the stop 27, the slide block 26 is connected with an electric driving piece with a remote control module 210 arranged in the upright rod, and the limit of the stop 27 on the slide block 26 is released through the electric driving piece.

further, the lifting device 6 adopts a scissor lifting structure, and comprises a lifting base 62, a scissor mechanism 63, a lifting cylinder 64 and a lifting platform 65;

The lifting base 62 is arranged on the telescopic bottom plate 61, one end of the scissor mechanism 63 is arranged on the lifting base 62, the other end of the scissor mechanism 63 is connected with the lifting platform 65, the lifting oil cylinder 64 drives the scissor mechanism 63 to vertically stretch, and the lifting platform 65 is provided with a vertical rod socket 66 for vertical rod insertion of the blasting fixing device.

further, the explosive bag 1 is a shaped explosive bag, and the explosive bag 1 is fixed on the supporting platform 31 through a soft cushion.

The invention also discloses a method for dredging the chute by adopting the chute dredging system, which comprises the following steps:

Firstly, estimating the thickness of a plug;

Secondly, mounting explosives, calculating the explosive quantity required by the explosive package according to the thickness of the plug estimated in the first step, and fixing the explosive package with the arranged detonating detonator on a supporting platform of the blasting fixing device;

Thirdly, installing the blasting fixing device, and placing the whole blasting fixing device on the lifting device after keeping the umbrella-shaped supporting mechanism of the blasting fixing device in a folding state;

Fourthly, conveying the explosive charges, wherein an operator controls the telescopic bottom plate to extend out of the chute in the chute, the blasting fixing device on the lifting device extends out of the chute, and the lifting device is controlled to lift the blasting fixing device upwards along the chute until the explosive charges contact the bottom of a blocking object, and the lifting position of the explosive charges can be observed by an unmanned aerial vehicle with a camera in the process;

fifthly, fixing the explosive bag, removing the umbrella-shaped supporting mechanism after the explosive bag contacts the bottom of the blockage, enabling the umbrella-shaped supporting mechanism to be in an open state, and supporting and fixing the blasting fixing device and the explosive bag below the blockage through the inclined strut;

And sixthly, detonating the explosive package, withdrawing the lifting device, pulling the detonating tube of the detonating detonator to a safe position, detonating the explosive package, and finishing the blocking blasting treatment of the chute.

Compared with the conventional dredging method for the draw shaft, the blasting fixing device provided by the invention fixes the explosive bag by using the umbrella-shaped supporting mechanism, supports and fixes the explosive bag in the draw shaft by using the one-way supporting structure of the umbrella-shaped supporting mechanism after the explosive bag is lifted and conveyed below the blocking object position, and performs blasting by combining the energy-collecting explosive bag different from the traditional explosive bag to form a damage mechanism under the combined action of the explosion energy and the metal jet, so that the utilization rate of the explosion energy is obviously improved, the damage to the plugging body of the draw shaft is obviously enhanced compared with the common blasting dredging method, and the blasting negative effect is obviously reduced. The chute dredging system and the chute dredging method provided by the invention have the advantages that the explosive transportation process is more stable, the blasting mode has more destructive power, and only the umbrella-shaped supporting mechanism with low price is damaged in the detonation process, so that the cost is lower, and the chute dredging system and the method are extremely suitable for dredging the blocked chute.

In conclusion, the blasting fixing device and the chute dredging and blocking system and method applied by the blasting fixing device are simple, convenient, practical, safe, reliable, low in cost and obvious in effect, and have wide popularization and application values in the field of mines.

the blasting fixing device not only can be used for dredging and blasting the chute, but also can be used for fixing and blasting the inside of other channels.

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the embodiments.

drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view illustrating the operation of the blasting fixing device according to the first embodiment.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an opened state of an umbrella-shaped supporting mechanism of the blasting fixing device according to the first embodiment.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view illustrating a collapsed state of the umbrella-shaped supporting mechanism of the blasting fixing device according to the first embodiment.

Fig. 4 is a top view of the umbrella-shaped support mechanism of the blasting fixture in an open state according to the first embodiment.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the orepass dredging system in the second embodiment.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the lifting device in the second embodiment.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the installation of the diagonal brace of the blasting fixing device in the third embodiment.

Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating installation of a stay of the blasting fixture according to the third embodiment.

Reference numbers in the figures: 1-explosive package, 11-detonating tube, 2-umbrella-shaped supporting mechanism, 21-diagonal brace, 22-connecting rod, 23-sliding sleeve, 24-spring, 25-bundling rope, 26-sliding block, 27-baffle block, 28-motor, 29-power supply, 210-remote control module, 3-vertical rod, 31-supporting platform, 32-connecting sleeve rod, 33-sliding chute, 4-blockage, 5-channel, 51-lower connecting channel, 52-sliding chute, 53-upper connecting channel, 6-lifting device, 61-telescopic bottom plate, 62-lifting base, 63-scissor mechanism, 64-lifting cylinder, 65-lifting platform and 66-vertical rod socket.

Detailed Description