阅读说明：本技术 一种汽车轮毂实时在线的无损检测装置 (Real-time online nondestructive test device for automobile hub ) 是由 张建寰 张秋婷 于 2019-10-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种汽车轮毂实时在线的无损检测装置,涉及汽车轮毂检测。固定座、光学系统、柱面透镜、激发超声波的激光器、接收超声的波激光器固定在光学实验平台上,电机设在固定座的左端“L”型结构上,固定座右端部分的中心设有通孔,电机的转轴穿过通孔；转轴的右端固定连接有转盘,转盘上设有若干个圆形的定位柱,柱面镜和激发超声波的激光器于一轴上依次排列,柱面镜的固定位置在固定的待测轮毂的外径所在范围内；光学系统与接收超声波的激光器在另一轴线上依次排列,光学系统位于待检测轮毂右侧且与柱面镜并排放置,接收超声波的激光器与数据处理系统连接。将待检测轮毂固定在转盘上,转动一周即可完成对轮毂360度无损探伤检测,检测结果准确。(A real-time online nondestructive testing device for automobile hubs relates to automobile hub testing. The device comprises a fixed seat, an optical system, a cylindrical lens, a laser for exciting ultrasonic waves and a laser for receiving ultrasonic waves, wherein the fixed seat, the optical system, the cylindrical lens, the laser for exciting the ultrasonic waves and the laser for receiving the ultrasonic waves are fixed on an optical experiment platform; the right end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a rotating disc, a plurality of round positioning columns are arranged on the rotating disc, a cylindrical mirror and a laser for exciting ultrasonic waves are sequentially arranged on a shaft, and the fixing position of the cylindrical mirror is in the range of the outer diameter of the fixed hub to be tested; the optical system and the laser for receiving the ultrasonic waves are sequentially arranged on the other axis, the optical system is positioned on the right side of the hub to be detected and is arranged side by side with the cylindrical mirror, and the laser for receiving the ultrasonic waves is connected with the data processing system. The hub to be detected is fixed on the turntable, 360-degree nondestructive inspection of the hub can be completed by rotating for one circle, and the detection result is accurate.)

1. A real-time online nondestructive testing device for automobile hubs is characterized by comprising an optical experiment platform, a fixed seat, a motor, a rotating shaft, a rotating disc, an optical system, a cylindrical lens, a laser for exciting ultrasonic waves, a wave laser for receiving the ultrasonic waves and a data processing system; the device comprises a fixed seat, an optical system, a cylindrical lens, a laser for exciting ultrasonic waves and a laser for receiving ultrasonic waves, wherein the fixed seat, the optical system, the cylindrical lens, the laser for exciting the ultrasonic waves and the laser for receiving the ultrasonic waves are fixed on an optical experiment platform; the right end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a turntable, a plurality of round positioning columns are arranged on the turntable, and the positioning columns are used for fixing the automobile hub to be detected on the turntable so as to facilitate detection; the cylindrical mirror and the laser for exciting the ultrasonic waves are sequentially arranged on one shaft, the cylindrical mirror is positioned on the horizontal left side of the laser for exciting the ultrasonic waves, and the fixed position of the cylindrical mirror is within the range of the fixed outer diameter of the automobile hub to be tested; the optical system and the laser for receiving ultrasonic waves are sequentially arranged on the other axis, the optical system is positioned on the right side of the automobile hub to be detected and is arranged side by side with the cylindrical mirror, the laser for receiving ultrasonic waves is connected with the data processing system, and the data processing system is used for processing the received data to obtain the damage condition of the automobile hub.

2. The device according to claim 1, wherein at least 3 positioning posts are provided.

3. The device for real-time online nondestructive testing of the automobile hub according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the number and diameter of the positioning columns are the same as those of threaded mounting holes of the automobile hub to be tested, and the length of the positioning columns is equal to the width of the automobile hub.

4. The device according to claim 1, wherein a rubber ring is further disposed between the turntable and the automobile hub to be detected, the rubber ring is used for reducing a contact area between the turntable and the automobile hub, unnecessary abrasion to the back end of the automobile hub due to rotation of the turntable is avoided, and meanwhile, the rubber ring is also used for enhancing friction and fixing the automobile hub.

5. The device for the real-time online nondestructive testing of the automobile hub according to claim 4, characterized in that the diameter of the rubber ring is equal to the outer diameter of the automobile hub to be tested.

6. The device according to claim 1, wherein the laser for receiving the ultrasonic waves is lower than the laser for exciting the ultrasonic waves and is fixed within the range of the outer diameter of the automobile hub to be tested.

7. The real-time online nondestructive testing device for the automobile hub according to claim 1, wherein the data processing system comprises a photoelectric converter, an amplifier, an oscilloscope and a computer; the laser beam emitted by the laser for receiving ultrasonic waves is reflected by the surface of the automobile hub to be detected and then carries ultrasonic signals, the photoelectric converter converts the reflected optical signals into electric signals and transmits the electric signals to the amplifier for signal amplification, the amplified signals are displayed on the oscilloscope, the oscilloscope is connected with the computer through a serial port and transmits data to the computer, and after the computer performs data processing such as Fourier transform and filtering by using matlab, the damage condition of the automobile hub is obtained by analyzing the amplitude characteristics of a waveform frequency domain.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of automobile hub detection, in particular to a real-time online nondestructive detection device for automobile hubs.

Background

China is a large population country, and with the rapid development of Chinese economy in recent years, the quantity of automobile sales in China is gradually increased. The annual sales volume of automobiles in China in 2010 is 1800 more than ten thousand, in 2011, 1850 ten thousand, and in 2014, the annual sales volume of automobiles in China breaks through 2100 ten thousand. The aluminum alloy wheel hub has the advantages of light weight, attractive appearance, good heat dissipation performance and prolonged service life of tires, and is widely applied to the field of cars. The sales volume of automobiles increases, and the utilization rate of automobile hubs is promoted to increase. The manufacturing process of the aluminum alloy wheel hub comprises a low-pressure casting method, a forging method, impact forming and the like, compared with the original steel wheel hub, the aluminum alloy wheel hub has low hardness and poor toughness, the aluminum alloy wheel hub is easy to knock and crack in the vehicle running process, and the wheel hub is easy to break under the high-speed running state of the wheel, so that the life safety of a driver is seriously influenced. Therefore, the method has very important significance for real-time online nondestructive detection of the automobile hub.

At present, the nondestructive testing of the hub is mainly completed by a machine vision method, a light source is arranged at a specific position, light emitted by the light source is projected to the surface of the hub through a certain angle, an optical system captures an image and then the image is subjected to signal conversion through an image acquisition card, an image processing system performs image processing, and the signals of gray scale, color, texture and the like of the image are analyzed through a series of operations, so that the damage condition of the surface of the hub is determined.

However, the method can only detect the surface damage of the hub, cannot detect the damage condition inside the hub, has incomplete detection content, has higher requirement on the projection angle of light, and is inconvenient to operate.

Chinese patent CN201821516967.5 discloses an on-line hub detection device, which includes a lead chamber for nondestructive detection, a feeding ear chamber for feeding a hub into the lead chamber, a discharging ear chamber for receiving the hub led out from the lead chamber, a power roller line and a material ejection cylinder, wherein the power roller line five is arranged at the inlet of the feeding ear chamber to feed the hub into the feeding ear chamber; the first power roller line is arranged at the outlet of the discharging ear room so as to lead the hub out of the discharging ear room; the power roller line II, the power roller line III and the power roller line IV are sequentially arranged in a U shape, the power roller line II is adjacent to the side face of the power roller line I, and the power roller line IV is adjacent to the side face of the power roller line V, so that the power roller line forms a roller loop line; the material ejecting cylinder is arranged on the side face of the first power roller line and is right opposite to the second power roller line so as to push the hub on the first power roller line to the second power roller line. And the annular circulation is completed through the assembly roller loop line, so that the repeated detection is facilitated.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a real-time online nondestructive testing device for automobile hubs, which can realize omnibearing nondestructive testing inside and outside automobile hubs.

The device comprises an optical experiment platform, a fixed seat, a motor, a rotating shaft, a turntable, an optical system, a cylindrical lens, a laser for exciting ultrasonic waves, a wave laser for receiving the ultrasonic waves and a data processing system;

The fixing seat, the optical system, the cylindrical lens, the laser for exciting ultrasonic waves and the laser for receiving ultrasonic waves are fixed on the optical experiment platform, the left end of the fixing seat is of an L-shaped structure, a through hole is formed in the center of the right end part of the fixing seat, the motor is arranged on the L-shaped structure at the left end of the fixing seat, and a rotating shaft of the motor penetrates through the through hole; the right end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a turntable, a plurality of round positioning columns are arranged on the turntable, and the positioning columns are used for fixing the automobile hub to be detected on the turntable so as to facilitate detection; the cylindrical mirror and the laser for exciting the ultrasonic waves are sequentially arranged on one shaft, the cylindrical mirror is positioned on the horizontal left side of the laser for exciting the ultrasonic waves, and the fixed position of the cylindrical mirror is within the range of the outer diameter of the automobile hub of the fixed automobile to be detected; the optical system and the laser for receiving ultrasonic waves are sequentially arranged on the other axis, the optical system is positioned on the right side of the automobile hub to be detected and is arranged side by side with the cylindrical mirror, the laser for receiving ultrasonic waves is connected with the data processing system, and the data processing system is used for processing the received data to obtain the damage condition of the automobile hub.

At least 3 positioning columns can be arranged; the number and the diameter of the positioning columns can be the same as those of the threaded mounting holes of the automobile hub to be detected, and the length of the positioning columns can be equal to the width of the automobile hub.

A rubber ring can be arranged between the turntable and the automobile hub to be detected, the rubber ring is used for reducing the contact area between the turntable and the automobile hub, unnecessary abrasion to the back end of the hub caused by rotation of the turntable is avoided, meanwhile, the rubber ring can enhance the friction force, and further strengthen the fixing effect on the hub; the diameter of the rubber ring can be equal to the outer diameter of the hub.

The height of the laser for receiving the ultrasonic waves is slightly lower than that of the laser for exciting the ultrasonic waves and the laser is fixed in the outer diameter range of the automobile hub to be tested.

The data processing system can comprise a photoelectric converter, an amplifier, an oscilloscope and a computer; the automobile hub damage monitoring system comprises a laser, a photoelectric converter, an amplifier, an oscilloscope, a computer and a computer, wherein a laser beam emitted by the laser for receiving ultrasonic waves is reflected by the surface of an automobile hub and carries ultrasonic signals, the photoelectric converter converts the reflected optical signals into electric signals and transmits the electric signals to the amplifier for signal amplification, the amplified signals are displayed on the oscilloscope, the oscilloscope is connected with the computer through a serial port and transmits data to the computer, the computer performs data processing such as Fourier transform and filtering through matlab, and then the automobile hub damage condition is obtained through analyzing the amplitude characteristics of a waveform frequency domain.

the working principle of the invention is given below:

Firstly, the automobile hub to be tested is placed on a turntable, and the positioning column is used for positioning the automobile hub. The motor is started, the motor drives the turntable to rotate, so that the turntable drives the fixed automobile hub to rotate, the laser for exciting ultrasonic waves is started at the same time, laser emitted by the laser for exciting the ultrasonic waves converts a point light source into a line light source through a cylindrical lens (cylindrical lens) and emits the line light source onto the surface of the automobile hub to generate ultrasonic waves, and the part is a subsystem for generating the ultrasonic waves. And then starting a laser for receiving the ultrasonic waves, wherein the laser for receiving the ultrasonic waves also irradiates a laser beam to the surface of the wheel hub, and a light beam emitted by the laser for receiving the ultrasonic waves interacts with an ultrasonic wave reflected wave generated by the wheel hub. The laser beam sent by the received ultrasonic waves is reflected by the surface of the wheel hub and then carries ultrasonic signals, and the data processing system receives the ultrasonic signals and analyzes and processes the ultrasonic signals to complete the detection of the internal and external damage conditions of the automobile wheel hub.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: laser beams are directly irradiated to the surface of the automobile hub through a laser for exciting ultrasonic waves to generate ultrasonic waves, and the ultrasonic waves can be transmitted in a solid body, so that the damage conditions inside and outside the automobile hub can be detected. In the subsystem for generating the ultrasonic wave, a point light source of a laser for exciting the ultrasonic wave forms a line light source through a cylindrical lens, and the line length of the line light source is the same as the radius of the automobile hub. Through setting up rotatory carousel, will wait to detect wheel hub and fix on the carousel, the carousel drives wheel hub and rotates a week, can accomplish 360 degrees nondestructive inspection detections to wheel hub, and the testing result is accurate.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

The various labels in the figure include: fixing base 1, motor 2, pivot 3, carousel 4, rubber circle 5, automobile wheel hub 6, reference column 7, optical system 8, cylindrical mirror 9, laser instrument 10, data processing system 11, the laser instrument 12 of receiving the ultrasonic wave of arousing the ultrasonic wave, optics experiment platform 13.

Detailed Description

The following examples will further illustrate the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, the optical experiment platform comprises an optical experiment platform 13, a fixed seat 1, a motor 2 and a turntable 4, wherein the fixed seat 1 is fixed on the optical experiment platform 13, the motor 2 is arranged on an L-shaped structure at the left end of the fixed seat 1, a through hole is arranged in the center of the right end part of the fixed seat 1, and a rotating shaft 3 of the motor 2 penetrates through the through hole. The right-hand member fixedly connected with carousel 4 of pivot 3, be equipped with a plurality of circular shape reference columns 7 on the carousel 4, the quantity and the diameter of reference column 7 are the same with the quantity and the diameter of the threaded mounting hole of the automobile wheel hub 6 that awaits measuring. And a circular rubber ring 5 is also arranged on the right end face of the turntable 4. The diameter of rubber circle 5 equals with the external diameter that waits to detect automobile wheel hub 6, rubber circle 5 place in carousel 4 with the centre of automobile wheel hub 6 reduces carousel 4 and automobile wheel hub 6's area of contact, avoids causing unnecessary wearing and tearing to automobile wheel hub back end because of the carousel rotates, and simultaneously, direct contact between rubber circle 5 and the automobile wheel hub 6 of rubber material, frictional force increases, further fixes automobile wheel hub 6, makes things convenient for subsequent detection. A laser 10 for exciting ultrasonic waves is further fixed on the optical experiment platform 13, a cylindrical lens 9 is further arranged on the horizontal left side of the laser 10 for exciting ultrasonic waves, and the cylindrical lens is arranged in the middle of the turntable and the laser for exciting ultrasonic waves; the fixed position of the cylindrical mirror 9 is in the range of the outer diameter of the fixed automobile hub 6 to be tested, the cylindrical mirror 9 and the laser 10 for exciting the ultrasonic waves are sequentially arranged on the same shaft, the point light source emitted by the laser 10 for exciting the ultrasonic waves is converted into a line light source by the cylindrical mirror 9 and is irradiated on the automobile hub 6 to be tested, and the ultrasonic waves are excited on the automobile hub through the action of the thermoelastic. The optical experiment platform 13 is further fixedly provided with an optical system 8, the optical system 8 is located on the right side of the automobile hub 6 to be detected and is arranged side by side with the cylindrical mirror 9, a laser 12 for receiving ultrasonic waves is further fixedly arranged on the horizontal right side of the optical system 8, the optical system 8 and the laser 12 for receiving ultrasonic waves are sequentially arranged on the same axis, the optical experiment platform 13 is further provided with a data processing system 11, and the laser 12 for receiving ultrasonic waves is connected with the data processing system 11.

The data processing system 11 comprises a photoelectric converter, an amplifier, an oscilloscope and a computer; the photoelectric converter converts an optical signal into an electric signal and transmits the electric signal to the amplifier for signal amplification, the amplified signal is displayed on the oscilloscope, the oscilloscope is connected with the computer through a serial port to transmit data to the computer, data processing such as Fourier transform, filtering and the like is carried out by the matlab, and finally the damage condition of the automobile hub is obtained by analyzing the amplitude characteristics of a waveform frequency domain.

During the operation of this embodiment, will wait to detect automobile wheel hub 6 and place on carousel 4, insert the screw thread mounting hole of automobile wheel hub 6 with reference column 7 and fix a position automobile wheel hub 6. And starting the motor 2, and driving the turntable 4 to rotate by the rotating shaft 3 so as to drive the fixed automobile hub 6 to rotate. Starting a laser 10 for exciting ultrasonic waves, changing a point light source into a linear light source by a laser beam through a cylindrical mirror 9 and irradiating the linear light source on the surface of the automobile hub 6 to enable the automobile hub 6 to generate ultrasonic waves, starting a laser 12 for receiving the ultrasonic waves, directly irradiating the laser beam of the laser 12 for receiving the ultrasonic waves on the surface of the automobile hub 6 after the laser beam passes through an optical system 8, and enabling the laser beam and ultrasonic reflected waves generated by the automobile hub 6 to interact with each other. The laser beam that receives ultrasonic wave 12 and beat carries ultrasonic signal after being reflected by automobile wheel hub 6 surface, the photoelectric converter of data processing system 11 turns into the light signal and turns into the electricity signal transmission to the amplifier and carries out the signal amplification and show on the oscilloscope, the oscilloscope is connected with the computer through the serial ports and transmits data to the computer, through computer data processing, can be to the detection of automobile wheel hub internal and external damage condition through the amplitude characteristics of analysis waveform frequency domain at last, the carousel drives automobile wheel hub and rotates a week, can accomplish 360 degrees nondestructive inspection detections to automobile wheel hub.