阅读说明：本技术 一种基于震动分析的西瓜成熟检测方法及其装置 (Watermelon maturity detection method and device based on vibration analysis ) 是由 郑兆娥 于 2019-08-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于农业技术领域,尤其为一种基于震动分析的西瓜成熟检测方法及其装置,包含保护壳,所述保护壳的顶端安设有显示屏,所述保护壳的一侧面安设有开关,所述保护壳的内部分别安设有电池、CPU,所述保护壳的一侧面开设有充电口,通过偏心轮结构与齿条部分的齿轮切合转动将震动棍整体向上滑动时,挤压一号弹簧将震动棍向下弹回,带动测量棍向下弹时,其二号弹簧带动测量棍来回震动,二号弹簧具有减震的作用,震动时,可以有些间隙,提供测量时的间隙,通过计时器、计数器、一号压力传感器进行对西瓜震动的次数/压力、时间/压力的检测,通过显示屏上得出西瓜成熟程度的结果,直观明了,使用简单方便,且检测结果准确。(The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, in particular to a watermelon ripeness detection method and a device thereof based on vibration analysis, which comprises a protective shell, wherein a display screen is arranged at the top end of the protective shell, a switch is arranged on one side surface of the protective shell, a battery and a CPU are respectively arranged in the protective shell, a charging port is arranged on one side surface of the protective shell, when an eccentric wheel structure is in fit rotation with a gear of a rack part to slide a vibration rod integrally upwards, a spring is extruded to rebound the vibration rod downwards, when a measurement rod is driven to rebound downwards, a spring II drives the measurement rod to vibrate back and forth, the spring II has a damping function, when vibrating, a certain gap can be formed, the gap during measurement is provided, the detection of the vibration times/pressure and the time/pressure of watermelon is carried out through a timer, a counter and a pressure sensor, and the result of the ripeness degree of the watermelon is obtained through the, the method is visual and clear, simple and convenient to use and accurate in detection result.)

1. A watermelon ripeness detection method and a device thereof based on vibration analysis are characterized in that: contain protective housing (1), display screen (2) have been installed on the top of protective housing (1), switch (3) have been installed to a side of protective housing (1), battery (4), CPU (6) have been installed respectively to the inside of protective housing (1), charging mouth (5) have been seted up to a side of protective housing (1), heat dissipation aluminum plate (7) have been installed at the middle part of protective housing (1), motor (8) have been installed to the bottom inside of protective housing (1), eccentric wheel structure (9) have been installed to the inboard of motor (8), vibrations rod (19) have been installed to one side of eccentric wheel structure (9), rack portion (10) have been installed to the outer lane of vibrations rod (19), spring (11) have been installed in the upper portion outer lane of vibrations rod (19), the top of vibrations rod (19) has been installed and has been stopped position (13) No. two, vibrations rod (19) lean on the middle part to install one number and block position (12), No. two pressure sensor (17) have been installed to the bottom side of vibrations rod (19), measure rod (20) have been installed to one side of vibrations rod (19), No. two spring (13) have been installed to the outer lane of measuring rod (20), time-recorder (14), counter (15) have been installed respectively to one side of measuring rod (20), pressure sensor (16) have been installed to the bottom side of measuring rod (20), open the bottom of protective housing (1) has detection adaptation mouth (18).

2. The watermelon ripening detection method and device based on vibration analysis as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the display screen (2) is square, and a protective toughened film is arranged on the outer side of the display screen.

3. the watermelon ripening detection method and device based on vibration analysis as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the bottom ends of the vibration stick (19) and the measurement stick (20) are exposed out of the detection adaptation port (18) by 1 mm.

4. The watermelon ripening detection method and device based on vibration analysis as claimed in claim 1, wherein: no. one blocks position (12) and No. two and blocks the bottom that keeps off position (21) and all install the mount, and the circular port has all been seted up at two mount middle parts, and shakes rod (19) and penetrate.

5. The watermelon ripening detection method and device based on vibration analysis as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the measuring stick (20) is arranged at the lower end of a fixing frame, and a second spring (13) is arranged at the top end of the measuring stick (20).

6. The watermelon ripening detection method and device based on vibration analysis as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the detection adapting port (18) is in a circular truncated cone shape, the outer opening is a large opening, and soft rubber is used as the material of the detection adapting port.

7. The watermelon ripening detection method and device based on vibration analysis as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and the heat dissipation aluminum plate (7) is arranged in the middle of the protective shell (1) for a circle.

8. the watermelon ripening detection method and device based on vibration analysis as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the detection method comprises the following steps:

A. Starting the watermelon harvester, tightly attaching the detection adapting port (18) to the surface of the watermelon to be detected, slightly pressing downwards to enable the vibration stick (19) and the measurement stick (20) to retract upwards, and enabling the first spring (11) and the second spring (13) to be in a potential energy state;

B. starting to work, wherein the motor (8) works to drive the eccentric wheel structure (9) to move and drive the vibrating stick (19) to move upwards, meanwhile, the first spring (11) continuously increases elastic potential energy until the rack part (10) is not in contact with the eccentric wheel structure (9), at the moment, the vibrating stick (19) moves downwards under the action of the first spring (11) to strike the surface of the watermelon to be tested, and meanwhile, the CPU (6) controls the motor (8) to stop;

C. The vibration stick (19) strikes the surface of the watermelon to be tested to cause vibration, at the moment, the vibration is transmitted to the measurement stick (20), the measurement stick (20) is influenced to start to vibrate up and down, at the moment, the CPU starts to receive data of the second pressure sensor (17), the first pressure sensor (16), the timer (14) and the counter (15), a data curve is drawn according to the data of the second pressure sensor (17) and the first pressure sensor (16) and the data of the timer (14) and the counter (15), results are obtained according to the size, the times and the time interval of the resilience force, and the maturity probability is predicted.

Technical Field

the invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, and particularly relates to a watermelon maturity detection method and device based on vibration analysis.

Background

Watermelon (academia: Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) matsum. et Nakai) annual vine; the stems and branches are thick and strong and have obvious edges. Thick tendrils, short and soft hair, thick petiole and dense and soft hair; the leaf is paper, the outline is triangular oval, the leaf is white and green, the two sides are provided with short bristles, and the base of the leaf is heart-shaped. The same male and female plants. Both the male and female flowers are originated from the axilla of the leaf. The male flower stalk is 3-4 cm long, dense, yellow brown and long and soft; the calyx cylinder is wide and bell-shaped; the corolla is light yellow; the stamen is close to the raw, the filament is short, and the chamber is bent. Female flowers: the calyx and the corolla are the same as the male flower; ovaries, stigmatic kidney. The fruit is large, nearly spherical or elliptical, fleshy, juicy, smooth in peel, and various in color and luster and ornamentation. Most seeds, egg-shaped, black, red, smooth on both sides, blunt and round on the base, usually with slightly arched edges, in the summer of flower and fruit.

Cultivated in various regions of China, the varieties are very many, and the types of epicarp, pulp and seeds are various, and are most famous in Xinjiang, Lanzhou, Shandong Texiao, Jiangsu Dongtai and the like. The original species may come from Africa, and is widely cultivated in the world from tropical to temperate zone, and then introduced into China.

The watermelon is a fruit in summer, the pulp is sweet, and the watermelon can cool and remove summer heat; the seeds contain oil and can be used as recreation food; the pericarp is used as medicine, and has the effects of clearing heat, promoting urination and reducing blood pressure.

1. Visual inspection method

After the fruit is ripe, the peel is hard and bright, the patterns are clear, the fruit navel part and the fruit base part are contracted and sunken inwards, the fruit cloudy surface turns yellow and rough from white to yellow, most of villi on the fruit stem falls off, tendrils and withers are curled in 1-2 sections before and after the watermelon is placed, and the like, and the two sections can be used as the mark for watermelon ripening.

2. touching or clapping by hand

The ripe watermelon is smooth when touched by hands; however, the immature watermelon feels astringent when touched with hands. In addition, if the melon is held by hand and the melon is beaten or flicked by fingers, the low-voiced sound of bang, bang and bang is mostly cooked melon; on the contrary, if the sound is clattering, clattering and clattering, it is mostly a raw melon.

3. Marking method

According to the method, a certain accumulated temperature and the number of days required for the maturity of various varieties are taken as the basis, and after flowering and pollination, single melon marking is carried out. The maturation period is calculated according to the accumulated temperature or the number of days required by the maturation of each variety. By marking the date of sitting the watermelon and combining the inspection of cutting the watermelon, the adopted watermelon can reach proper maturity.

4. Specific gravity method

the specific gravity of ripe watermelon is different from that of water at normal temperature. The specific gravity of water is 1, and the specific gravity of the common ripe melon is 0.9-0.95. The watermelon is placed in water for observation. If the watermelon is completely sunk, the watermelon is a raw watermelon; the water surface is very large, which indicates that the specific gravity of the watermelon is less than 0.9 and the watermelon is over-ripe; if the water surface is not large, the melon is ripe.

In practical application, in order to accurately judge whether the watermelon is ripe, various factors are comprehensively considered, and the watermelon cannot be predicated by one factor. Harvest maturity should also be determined based on market conditions. Nine-ripe melons can be picked if supplied locally, and supplied to the market in the afternoon or the next day of the day. Eight-ripe melons can be harvested outside the selling field.

the quality of the watermelon supplied in the current market is not good enough, the picking of the raw watermelon is an important reason except for the variety nature, the mixed degradation and other factors, and the watermelon is mainly a human factor except for the lack of the identification experience of the maturity of the watermelon. Some melon farmers consider that early melons are high in price and heavy in raw melon weight, and early harvest is beneficial to later growth and fruiting, without considering the influence of raw melons on quality.

Determining the maturity of watermelon according to the days after the female flower is opened, wherein the days from the opening of the female flower to the fruit ripening of the same variety of watermelon are basically fixed under the same temperature condition, therefore, marking bars with different colors are inserted into the watermelon field every 3 days in the flowering and fruit setting period to indicate the flowering date, then the development days of each batch of fruits (marking bars with the same color) are calculated, and the harvesting period is determined. Generally, 28-30 days are needed for the female flowers of the early-maturing variety to bloom to maturity, 31-35 days are needed for the female flowers of the medium-maturing variety to bloom to maturity, and more than 35 days are needed for the female flowers of the late-maturing variety to bloom to maturity. But the temperature is different in the fruit setting period, the days from flowering to ripening are also different, the fruits ripen quickly when the temperature is high, and the fruits ripen slowly when the temperature is low. The days from the time when the female flowers bloom to the time when the watermelon varieties are introduced vary according to the temperature variation in different regions. Therefore, according to the data introduced by the variety, the melon sample is tried on the morphological characteristics to determine the proper maturity. The determination of the maturity of watermelon based on the temperature budget is a more objective and accurate method. According to the measurement, the accumulated temperature of the small fruit type varieties which are usually very early maturing from blooming to maturity is about 700 ℃, the early maturing variety is about 800 ℃, the middle maturing variety is 900-1000 ℃, and the middle maturing variety is more than 1000 ℃. The average temperature should be measured and recorded every day by using the accumulated temperature as the basis for harvesting, and the average temperature in the days from flowering to ripening or during the fruit growth period is calculated, for example, the accumulated temperature required for ripening fruits of one variety is 800 ℃, the average temperature in the days of the melon-bearing period is 25 ℃, and then the female flowers require 800 ÷ 25=32 (days) to ripen after flowering. The inherent characteristics of the variety can be displayed when the fruits of different varieties with different maturity are mature according to the appearance characteristics of the watermelon, the color of the surface of the fruit is changed from dark to bright, the skin color is aged, the patterns of the surface of the fruit are clear, the surface of the fruit is smooth to touch with hands, the ground is dark yellow, the navel of the fruit is inwards sunken, the base of the fruit is slightly contracted, the above are the morphological characteristics of the ripe watermelon, otherwise, the watermelon is fresh. According to the sound of the fruits, the ripeness degree of the fruits is determined, the fruits are beaten by hands, ripe melons are produced when the fruits emit voiced sounds of thud and thud, raw melons are produced when the fruits emit crisp sounds, and negative flesh melons are produced when the fruits knock wood. The specific gravity of the ripe raw melons is determined according to the specific gravity of the fruits, the ripe melons sink in water, the over-ripe melons float upwards, and the moderately ripe melons float on the water surface in half. It is difficult to measure the specific gravities one by one at the time of collection, and the specific gravities are generally determined by experience.

Determining the mature fruit stem with sparse fuzz and shedding as the mature fruit according to the states of the fruit stem and the tendrils; when the leaves and tendrils are normal, more than half of the curly hair on the bearing nodes is dried to be ripe melons.

Compared with the prior art:

When buying the melon people and not knowing the maturity of melon, sell the melon people and can test the maturity of other melon according to personal experience to provide the suggestion, but sell the melon people and only rely on experience can't accomplish hundreds of the assurance and select ripe melon, can influence client shopping desire like this, sell the melon people simultaneously and also can lose money, and the watermelon is when picking, if distinguish the mistake, also can cause the waste.

Disclosure of Invention

To solve the problems set forth in the background art described above. The invention provides a watermelon maturity detection method and device based on vibration analysis, which have the characteristics of accurate detection, simple and convenient use and confidence.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a watermelon ripeness detection method based on vibration analysis and a device thereof comprise a protective shell, wherein a display screen is arranged at the top end of the protective shell, a switch is arranged on one side surface of the protective shell, a battery and a CPU are respectively arranged in the protective shell, a charging port is arranged on one side surface of the protective shell, a heat dissipation aluminum plate is arranged in the middle of the protective shell, a motor is arranged in the bottom end of the protective shell, an eccentric wheel structure is arranged on the inner side of the motor, a vibration stick is arranged on one side of the eccentric wheel structure, a rack part is arranged on the outer ring of the vibration stick, a first spring is arranged on the outer ring of the upper part of the vibration stick, a second blocking position is arranged at the top end of the vibration stick, a first blocking position is arranged at the middle part of the vibration stick, a second pressure sensor is arranged at the bottom side of the vibration stick, a measurement stick, the outer ring of the measuring stick is provided with a second spring, one side of the measuring stick is provided with a timer and a counter respectively, the bottom side of the measuring stick is provided with a first pressure sensor, and the bottom end of the protective shell is provided with a detection adapting port.

preferably, the display screen is square, the protective toughened film is arranged on the outer side of the display screen, and the detection result can be displayed through the arranged display screen, so that the display screen is visual and clear.

Preferably, the bottom of vibrations rod and measurement rod all exposes and detects adaptation mouth 1mm, all exposes through the bottom of vibrations rod and measurement rod and detects adaptation mouth 1mm, is convenient for when detecting the watermelon, guarantees to laminate the watermelon surface.

Preferably, the mount has all been installed to the bottom that keeps off the position and keep off the position No. two, the circular port has all been seted up at two mount middle parts, and the vibrations rod penetrates, keep off the position through the one of installing, No. two block the position and play limiting displacement, when the gear through eccentric wheel structure and rack part is engaged and is rotated the whole upwards slip of vibrations rod, the spring of extrusion will shake the rod and kick-back downwards, when the gear through eccentric wheel structure and rack part is engaged and is rotated the whole upwards slip of vibrations rod once more, the motor stops to drive the eccentric wheel structure and rotates, it adds the resilience force and gives the measurement rod, through measuring the slight resilience force of rod to the watermelon, carry out the detection to watermelon vibrations.

Preferably, measure the rod and install a mount lower extreme, and measure the rod top and installed No. two springs, through vibrations rod decurrent elasticity, when driving and measuring the rod and bounce down, its No. two springs drive and measure the rod vibrations of making a round trip, No. two springs have the absorbing effect, and during vibrations, can be some clearances, clearance when providing the measurement, carry out the number of times/pressure to watermelon vibrations, the detection of time/pressure through the time-recorder, the counter, a pressure sensor, calculate through CPU and draw data, and draw the convenient later stage data contrast of oscillogram and research, and present the result of maturity on the display screen, directly perceived and clear.

Preferably, the shape that detects the adaptation mouth is the round platform form, and the outer mouthful is the macrostoma, and its material uses soft rubber, is the round platform form through detecting the adaptation mouth, and uses soft rubber, is favorable to the protection to the watermelon crust, convenience simple to use.

Preferably, heat dissipation aluminum plate installs at the middle part a week of protective housing, can dispel the heat through the heat dissipation aluminum plate who installs, improves life.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: when the vibrating rod integrally slides upwards through the gear engagement rotation of the eccentric wheel structure and the rack part, the first spring is extruded to rebound the vibrating rod downwards, and when the vibrating rod integrally slides upwards through the gear engagement rotation of the eccentric wheel structure and the rack part again, the motor stops driving the eccentric wheel structure to rotate, the resilience force is added to the measuring rod, when the measuring rod is driven to rebound downwards, the second spring drives the measuring rod to vibrate back and forth, the second spring has the damping function, and can have certain gaps during vibration, the gap during measurement is provided, the frequency/pressure and the time/pressure of watermelon vibration are detected through the timer, the counter and the first pressure sensor, the CPU calculates to obtain data, and draws a waveform diagram to facilitate later data comparison and research, and the result of maturity degree is displayed on the display screen, so that the watermelon vibration measuring device is visual and clear, simple to use is convenient, and the testing result is accurate, can make people's letter clothes, is the round platform form through detecting the adaptation mouth, and uses soft rubber, is favorable to the protection to the watermelon crust, and convenience simple to use can dispel the heat through the heat dissipation aluminum plate who installs, improves life.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the flow structure of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the number/pressure waveform of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a time/pressure waveform configuration of the present invention;

In the figure: 1. a protective shell; 2. a display screen; 3. a switch; 4. a battery; 5. a charging port; 6. a CPU; 7. a heat dissipation aluminum plate; 8. a motor; 9. an eccentric wheel structure; 10. a rack portion; 11. a first spring; 12. a first block bit; 13. a second spring; 14. a timer; 15. a counter; 16. a first pressure sensor; 17. a second pressure sensor; 18. detecting the adaptation port; 19. vibrating the stick; 20. a measuring stick; 21. and the second gear is blocked.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.