阅读说明：本技术 一种压电驱动的一体式光阑 (Piezoelectricity driven integral type diaphragm ) 是由 吴大伟 曹腾 李晓牛 米源 何丽媛 刘威 贾博韬 于 2019-08-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种压电驱动的一体式光阑,通过压电陶瓷的逆压电效应,施加两相电压使定圈外凸台产生行波,定圈驱动齿与动圈直接接触,通过摩擦效应将驱动齿处的椭圆运动转换为动圈的转动动圈转动,通过改变电压的相位差可以实现动圈的反向运动；动圈、固定壳体底面和滚珠三者构成轴承,避免装配额外的轴承,减小了装置的尺寸；光阑叶片与动圈通过铰接连接,与定圈内圈通过滑槽连接,由动圈的转动控制叶片单周向运动,多个叶片相互交错形成圆形的可变光圈；底盖与定圈和外壳通过螺栓连接,起到施加预压力的作用。本发明减小了光阑的体积,具有调节精度高、响应快、平稳度高和可靠性强的特点。(the invention discloses a piezoelectric-driven integrated diaphragm.A two-phase voltage is applied to enable a fixed-ring outer boss to generate a traveling wave through the inverse piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric ceramics, a fixed-ring driving tooth is directly contacted with a moving ring, the elliptic motion at the driving tooth is converted into the rotation of the rotating moving ring of the moving ring through the friction effect, and the inverse motion of the moving ring can be realized through changing the phase difference of the voltage; the moving coil, the bottom surface of the fixed shell and the balls form a bearing, so that the assembly of an additional bearing is avoided, and the size of the device is reduced; the diaphragm blades are hinged with the movable ring and connected with the inner ring of the fixed ring through a chute, the blades are controlled to move in a single circumferential direction by the rotation of the movable ring, and the blades are staggered with each other to form a circular variable aperture; the bottom cover is connected with the fixed ring and the shell through bolts, and the function of applying pre-pressure is achieved. The invention reduces the volume of the diaphragm, and has the characteristics of high adjusting precision, quick response, high stability and strong reliability.)

1. A piezoelectric-driven integrated diaphragm is characterized by comprising a bottom cover, a fixed shell, a fixed ring, a movable ring, a plurality of pre-tightening bolts, a plurality of fixed bolts, a plurality of diaphragm blades and a plurality of balls;

The bottom cover, the fixed ring and the movable ring are all annular;

the fixed shell is a hollow cylinder, the lower end of the fixed shell is opened, a plurality of bolt holes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the pre-tightening bolts are uniformly arranged on the ring surface of the lower end in the circumferential direction, and a circular through hole is formed in the center of the upper end of the fixed shell to form an annular top cover;

a second annular bulge is arranged on the outer ring of the upper end surface of the fixed ring, a third annular bulge is arranged on the inner ring of the fixed ring, a plurality of driving teeth are evenly arranged on the second annular bulge, a plurality of threaded through holes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the fixing bolts are evenly arranged on the third annular bulge along the circumferential direction, and a plurality of guide sliding grooves which are in one-to-one correspondence with the diaphragm blades are evenly arranged on the third annular bulge along the circumferential direction;

The upper end surface of the bottom cover is provided with a first annular bulge at the inner ring, the first annular bulge is provided with a plurality of inner ring through holes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the fixing bolts, and the outer ring of the bottom cover is provided with a plurality of outer ring through holes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the pre-tightening bolts;

the plurality of fixing bolts penetrate through corresponding inner ring through holes on the bottom cover and corresponding thread through holes on the third annular bulge to be in threaded connection, so that the lower end face of the fixed ring is fixed on the first annular bulge of the bottom cover;

The moving coil is arranged between the fixed coil and the top cover; the upper end surface of the moving coil and the lower end surface of the top cover are correspondingly provided with annular grooves to form ball slideways; the balls are arranged in the ball slide ways, so that the moving coil and the top cover can freely rotate; the lower end surface of the moving coil is abutted against each driving tooth on the second annular bulge of the fixed coil;

A plurality of hinge holes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the diaphragm blades are uniformly formed in the inner circle of the movable ring in the circumferential direction;

the diaphragm blade is of an annular fan-shaped blade structure, a hinged cylinder is arranged on the upper end face of one end of the diaphragm blade, and a sliding block cylinder is arranged on the lower end face of the other end of the diaphragm blade;

The plurality of diaphragm blades are arranged between the moving coil and the fixed coil to form light through holes, wherein hinged cylinders of the diaphragm blades are matched with corresponding hinged holes in the moving coil to enable the diaphragm blades to freely rotate relative to the moving coil, and sliding block cylinders of the diaphragm blades are matched with corresponding guide sliding grooves in third annular protrusions of the fixed coil to enable the diaphragm blades to slide relative to the third annular protrusions of the fixed coil;

the plurality of pre-tightening bolts penetrate through corresponding outer ring through holes in the bottom cover and are in threaded connection with corresponding bolt holes in the ring surface of the lower end of the fixed shell, so that the fixed shell and the bottom cover contain the moving ring and the fixed ring, and the plurality of pre-tightening bolts are used for adjusting the distance between the ring surface of the lower end of the fixed shell and the bottom cover and further adjusting the pre-pressure between the driving teeth on the second annular bulges of the moving ring and the fixed ring;

the lower end face of the fixed ring is adhered with an annular piezoelectric ceramic piece, and the bottom cover, the piezoelectric ceramic piece, the fixed ring, the moving ring and the fixed shell are coaxial;

The piezoelectric ceramic piece adopts a two-phase voltage excitation mode and is used for being connected with an external signal to generate vibration so as to drive the moving coil to rotate and further adjust the aperture size of the light through hole.

2. the piezoelectric driving integrated diaphragm according to claim 1, wherein the bottom cover is uniformly provided with a plurality of fan-shaped through holes which point to the center of the bottom cover and gradually taper from outside to inside, so as to reduce the weight of the bottom cover and facilitate heat dissipation.

3. The piezoelectric-driven integrated diaphragm according to claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric ceramic plate is closely adhered to the lower end face of the fixed ring by resin.

4. The piezoelectric driving integrated diaphragm according to claim 1, wherein the bottom cover, the fixed ring, the movable ring, the fixed casing, the diaphragm blades, the pre-tightening bolts and the fixing bolts are all made of high polymer materials, so as to reduce the overall mass of the integrated diaphragm.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of aerospace, in particular to a piezoelectric-driven integrated diaphragm.

Background

precision video cameras and still cameras have been widely used in important devices such as space stations, space shuttles, and are used to capture various information such as images. Due to the difference of weather, illumination angle and shooting target, the intensity of incident light can be changed greatly, which seriously affects the acquisition of target information by a camera, for example: low resolution, low definition, low contrast, etc. The diaphragm serving as a dimming system can adjust the illumination intensity of incident light by changing the size of the diaphragm, so that the quality of information acquisition is improved to the maximum extent.

disclosure of Invention

the invention aims to solve the technical problems of more parts, complex structure, large size and heavy weight of the traditional diaphragm, and provides the piezoelectric-driven integrated diaphragm.

the invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problems:

A piezoelectric-driven integrated diaphragm comprises a bottom cover, a fixed shell, a fixed ring, a movable ring, a plurality of pre-tightening bolts, a plurality of fixed bolts, a plurality of diaphragm blades and a plurality of balls;

the bottom cover, the fixed ring and the movable ring are all annular;

The fixed shell is a hollow cylinder, the lower end of the fixed shell is opened, a plurality of bolt holes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the pre-tightening bolts are uniformly arranged on the ring surface of the lower end in the circumferential direction, and a circular through hole is formed in the center of the upper end of the fixed shell to form an annular top cover;

A second annular bulge is arranged on the outer ring of the upper end surface of the fixed ring, a third annular bulge is arranged on the inner ring of the fixed ring, a plurality of driving teeth are evenly arranged on the second annular bulge, a plurality of threaded through holes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the fixing bolts are evenly arranged on the third annular bulge along the circumferential direction, and a plurality of guide sliding grooves which are in one-to-one correspondence with the diaphragm blades are evenly arranged on the third annular bulge along the circumferential direction;

The upper end surface of the bottom cover is provided with a first annular bulge at the inner ring, the first annular bulge is provided with a plurality of inner ring through holes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the fixing bolts, and the outer ring of the bottom cover is provided with a plurality of outer ring through holes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the pre-tightening bolts;

the plurality of fixing bolts penetrate through corresponding inner ring through holes on the bottom cover and corresponding thread through holes on the third annular bulge to be in threaded connection, so that the lower end face of the fixed ring is fixed on the first annular bulge of the bottom cover;

the moving coil is arranged between the fixed coil and the top cover; the upper end surface of the moving coil and the lower end surface of the top cover are correspondingly provided with annular grooves to form ball slideways; the balls are arranged in the ball slide ways, so that the moving coil and the top cover can freely rotate; the lower end surface of the moving coil is abutted against each driving tooth on the second annular bulge of the fixed coil;

a plurality of hinge holes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the diaphragm blades are uniformly formed in the inner circle of the movable ring in the circumferential direction;

The diaphragm blade is of an annular fan-shaped blade structure, a hinged cylinder is arranged on the upper end face of one end of the diaphragm blade, and a sliding block cylinder is arranged on the lower end face of the other end of the diaphragm blade;

the plurality of diaphragm blades are arranged between the moving coil and the fixed coil to form light through holes, wherein hinged cylinders of the diaphragm blades are matched with corresponding hinged holes in the moving coil to enable the diaphragm blades to freely rotate relative to the moving coil, and sliding block cylinders of the diaphragm blades are matched with corresponding guide sliding grooves in third annular protrusions of the fixed coil to enable the diaphragm blades to slide relative to the third annular protrusions of the fixed coil;

The plurality of pre-tightening bolts penetrate through corresponding outer ring through holes in the bottom cover and are in threaded connection with corresponding bolt holes in the ring surface of the lower end of the fixed shell, so that the fixed shell and the bottom cover contain the moving ring and the fixed ring, and the plurality of pre-tightening bolts are used for adjusting the distance between the ring surface of the lower end of the fixed shell and the bottom cover and further adjusting the pre-pressure between the driving teeth on the second annular bulges of the moving ring and the fixed ring;

The lower end face of the fixed ring is adhered with an annular piezoelectric ceramic piece, and the bottom cover, the piezoelectric ceramic piece, the fixed ring, the moving ring and the fixed shell are coaxial;

the piezoelectric ceramic piece adopts a two-phase voltage excitation mode and is used for being connected with an external signal to generate vibration so as to drive the moving coil to rotate and further adjust the aperture size of the light through hole.

As a further optimization scheme of the piezoelectric-driven integrated diaphragm, a plurality of fan-shaped through holes which point to the circle center and gradually become thin from outside to inside are uniformly formed in the bottom cover, so that the weight of the bottom cover is reduced, and heat dissipation is facilitated.

As a further optimization scheme of the piezoelectric-driven integrated diaphragm, the piezoelectric ceramic piece is tightly pasted on the lower end face of the fixed ring through resin.

as a further optimization scheme of the piezoelectric-driven integrated diaphragm, the bottom cover, the fixed ring, the movable ring, the fixed shell, the diaphragm blades, the pre-tightening bolts and the fixing bolts are all made of high polymer materials, so that the overall mass of the integrated diaphragm is reduced.

Compared with the prior art, the invention adopting the technical scheme has the following technical effects:

(1) The diaphragm of the invention has simple structure and small occupied space. The diaphragm integrates the stator of the ultrasonic motor and the diaphragm fixed ring, directly drives the moving ring to drive the blades to move so as to change the size of the shading hole, and does not need transmission mechanisms such as connecting rods, gears, lead screws and the like, thereby reducing the volume and weight of the whole device.

(2) the diaphragm of the invention is driven by the principle of an ultrasonic motor, and due to the special working principle, the components (except piezoelectric ceramics) of the diaphragm can be made of low-density and high-elasticity materials such as high molecular polymers, and the like, so that the integral mass of the diaphragm can be reduced by more than one time.

(3) the diaphragm adopts the working principle of an ultrasonic motor, utilizes the inverse piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric ceramics to convert the high-frequency mechanical resonance of materials into the macroscopic motion of a rotor through friction coupling transmission. The diaphragm of the invention can achieve high-precision positioning at a nanometer level and ultra-fast response at a millisecond level, and can improve the regulation precision speed and speed of incident light.

(4) The diaphragm of the invention can be used for various high-precision camera systems, and is more suitable for high-speed running equipment such as space stations, space shuttles, spacecrafts and the like due to the characteristics of small size, light weight, quick response and high precision.

drawings

Fig. 1 (a), fig. 1 (b) and fig. 1 (c) are respectively a half-section structure schematic diagram, a three-dimensional structure view and an internal matching schematic diagram of a piezoelectric-driven integrated diaphragm of the present invention;

FIG. 2 (a) and FIG. 2 (b) are schematic structural diagrams of the lower end face and the upper end face of the fixed ring of the present invention, respectively;

FIG. 3 (a) and FIG. 3 (b) are schematic structural diagrams of the upper end face and the lower end face of the moving ring of the present invention, respectively;

FIG. 4 (a) and FIG. 4 (b) are schematic structural diagrams of the lower end face and the upper end face of the bottom cover of the present invention, respectively;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a stationary housing according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of a diaphragm blade according to the present invention.

in the figure, 1-bottom cover, 2-pre-tightening bolt, 3-piezoelectric ceramic, 4-fixed ring, 5-diaphragm blade, 6-moving ring, 7-ball, 8-fixed shell, 9-light through hole, 10-driving tooth, 11-guiding chute, 12-thread through hole, 13-lower end face of fixed ring, 14-second annular boss, 15-third annular boss, 16-annular groove on moving ring, 17-upper end face of bottom cover, 18-hinge hole, 19-outer ring through hole, 20-inner ring through hole, 21-fixing bolt, 22-first annular boss, 23-annular groove on fixed shell, 24-bolt hole, 25-hinge cylinder and 26-slide block cylinder.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the invention is further explained in detail by combining the attached drawings:

the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. In the drawings, components are exaggerated for clarity.

As shown in fig. 1 (a), 1 (b), and 1 (c), the present disclosure discloses a piezoelectric-driven integrated diaphragm, which includes a bottom cover, a fixed housing, a fixed ring, a moving ring, a plurality of pre-tightening bolts, a plurality of fixed bolts, a plurality of diaphragm blades, and a plurality of balls;

The bottom cover, the fixed ring and the movable ring are all annular;

as shown in fig. 5, the fixed casing is a hollow cylinder, the lower end of the fixed casing is open, a plurality of bolt holes corresponding to the pre-tightening bolts one by one are uniformly arranged on the ring surface of the lower end of the fixed casing in the circumferential direction, and a circular through hole is arranged in the center of the upper end of the fixed casing to form an annular top cover;

As shown in fig. 2 (a) and 2 (b), a second annular protrusion is arranged on the outer ring of the upper end surface of the fixed ring, a third annular protrusion is arranged on the inner ring of the fixed ring, a plurality of driving teeth are evenly arranged on the second annular protrusion, a plurality of threaded through holes corresponding to the fixing bolts one by one are evenly arranged on the third annular protrusion along the circumferential direction, and a plurality of guide sliding grooves corresponding to the diaphragm blades one by one are evenly arranged on the third annular protrusion along the circumferential direction;

As shown in fig. 4 (a) and 4 (b), the upper end surface of the bottom cover is provided with a first annular protrusion at the inner ring thereof, the first annular protrusion is provided with a plurality of inner ring through holes corresponding to the fixing bolts one by one, and the bottom cover is provided with a plurality of outer ring through holes corresponding to the pre-tightening bolts one by one at the outer ring thereof;

the plurality of fixing bolts penetrate through corresponding inner ring through holes on the bottom cover and corresponding thread through holes on the third annular bulge to be in threaded connection, so that the lower end face of the fixed ring is fixed on the first annular bulge of the bottom cover;

the moving coil is arranged between the fixed coil and the top cover; as shown in fig. 3 (a) and 3 (b), annular grooves are correspondingly arranged on the upper end surface of the moving coil and the lower end surface of the top cover to form ball slideways; the balls are arranged in the ball slide ways, so that the moving coil and the top cover can freely rotate; the lower end surface of the moving coil is abutted against each driving tooth on the second annular bulge of the fixed coil; a plurality of hinge holes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the diaphragm blades are uniformly formed in the inner circle of the movable ring in the circumferential direction;

as shown in fig. 6, the diaphragm blade is of an annular fan-shaped structure, a hinged cylinder is arranged on the upper end face of one end of the diaphragm blade, and a slider cylinder is arranged on the lower end face of the other end of the diaphragm blade;

the plurality of diaphragm blades are arranged between the moving coil and the fixed coil to form light through holes, wherein hinged cylinders of the diaphragm blades are matched with corresponding hinged holes in the moving coil to enable the diaphragm blades to freely rotate relative to the moving coil, and sliding block cylinders of the diaphragm blades are matched with corresponding guide sliding grooves in third annular protrusions of the fixed coil to enable the diaphragm blades to slide relative to the third annular protrusions of the fixed coil;

The plurality of pre-tightening bolts penetrate through corresponding outer ring through holes in the bottom cover and are in threaded connection with corresponding bolt holes in the ring surface of the lower end of the fixed shell, so that the fixed shell and the bottom cover contain the moving ring and the fixed ring, and the plurality of pre-tightening bolts are used for adjusting the distance between the ring surface of the lower end of the fixed shell and the bottom cover and further adjusting the pre-pressure between the driving teeth on the second annular bulges of the moving ring and the fixed ring;

the lower end face of the fixed ring is adhered with an annular piezoelectric ceramic piece, and the bottom cover, the piezoelectric ceramic piece, the fixed ring, the moving ring and the fixed shell are coaxial;

the piezoelectric ceramic piece adopts a two-phase voltage excitation mode and is used for being connected with an external signal to generate vibration so as to drive the moving coil to rotate and further adjust the aperture size of the light through hole.

The fixed ring is designed into the form of an ultrasonic motor stator, and the middle of the fixed ring is provided with a light through hole. Driving teeth are uniformly arranged on the third annular boss of the fixed ring, and the teeth generate elliptic motion through an inverse piezoelectric effect to drive the moving ring; the third annular boss of the fixed ring is lower than the third annular boss, and a chute is arranged on the third annular boss and used for limiting the movement direction of one end of the diaphragm blade.

The diaphragm blade is the annular fan-shaped piece structure, and the different faces in both ends are equipped with articulated cylinder and slider cylinder respectively, and articulated cylinder forms the articulated with the movable coil, is circular motion by the movable coil drive, and the slot cooperation of slider cylinder and fixed circle inner circle is used as the slider, along spout direction linear motion. The plurality of diaphragm blades are axially overlapped between the fixed ring and the movable ring at a certain angle, and the light through hole is enlarged and reduced through rotation of the movable ring.

The moving ring is an annular thin plate, the diameter of the middle hole is the same as that of the fixed ring, and annular grooves are correspondingly arranged on the upper end face of the moving ring and the lower end face of the top cover to form ball slideways for limiting the moving freedom degree of balls and forming a thrust bearing together. The design method can replace a bearing to bear pre-pressure, reduce the number of parts and reduce the overall thickness of the device. The lower end surface of the moving coil is contacted with the driving teeth and moves through the friction effect.

the fixed shell contains the moving coil, the fixed coil, the diaphragm blades and the balls, and plays the roles of packaging, positioning and applying pre-pressure. The pre-tightening bolt connects the bottom cover with the fixed shell through the outer ring through hole and the bolt hole, and the bottom cover is not in direct contact with the fixed shell, and a certain space is reserved in the middle; by adjusting the tightness of the pre-tightening bolt, pre-pressure is applied to the fixed ring fixed on the bottom cover, and the friction driving force between the driving tooth and the driving surface is adjusted.

the piezoelectric ceramic piece is tightly pasted on the lower end face of the fixed ring through resin, and drives the fixed ring to drive the teeth to vibrate so as to drive the moving ring to rotate.

the bottom cover is evenly provided with a plurality of fan-shaped through holes which point to the circle center and gradually become thinner from outside to inside so as to lighten the weight of the bottom cover and facilitate heat dissipation.

The bottom cover, the fixed ring, the movable ring, the fixed shell, the plurality of diaphragm blades, the plurality of pre-tightening bolts and the plurality of fixing bolts are all made of high polymer materials, so that the overall mass of the integrated diaphragm is reduced.

The control method of the invention comprises the following steps: two-phase electricity with the phase difference of 90 degrees is applied to a corresponding area of the piezoelectric ceramic, traveling wave motion is generated on the excircle of the fixed ring through inverse piezoelectric effect, the movable ring is driven to rotate, and the movable ring drives one end of the diaphragm blade to rotate so as to change the size of the shading hole; the clockwise/anticlockwise rotation of the moving coil can be realized by adjusting the phase difference of the two voltages, and the enlargement and the reduction of the light-passing hole are realized.

it will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.

The above-mentioned embodiments, objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are further described in detail, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.