阅读说明：本技术 一种基于多能互补的冷水性海珍品海上养殖平台 (cold water precious marine culture platform based on multi-energy complementation ) 是由 鲍献文 鲍献忠 鲍奕霖 于 2019-09-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于多能互补的冷水性海珍品离岸海上养殖平台,利用退役的中大型远洋散货船,在船体龙骨两侧设置圆柱体透水结构,将船体中部有效空间按养殖品种要求进行隔离,形成养殖单元体,在甲板层高度或顶棚以下高度安装空调管道和终端排风机系统,取水系统提取的海水作为海水空调的冷源或热源,为平台提供集中式供冷暖系统；养殖平台的更新水源来自经空调系统冷量交换后的海水,通过控制养殖水体与外海的温度差和水位差,实现养殖水体和污染物的自动排海；平台抽取低温海水和照明等的能源依托可再生能源供电系统。本发明的有益效果是可实现深远海养殖的全要素可测、全过程可视和全链条自动控制的功能。(the invention discloses a cold water precious marine offshore culture platform based on multi-energy complementation, which utilizes retired medium-large ocean bulk cargo ships, wherein cylindrical water permeable structures are arranged on two sides of a keel of a ship body, the effective space in the middle of the ship body is isolated according to the requirements of culture varieties to form culture unit bodies, an air conditioning pipeline and a terminal exhaust fan system are arranged at the height of a deck layer or below a ceiling, seawater extracted by a water taking system is used as a cold source or a heat source of a seawater air conditioner, and a centralized cooling and heating system is provided for the platform; the updated water source of the culture platform is from seawater after cold exchange of the air conditioning system, and automatic sea drainage of the culture water body and pollutants is realized by controlling the temperature difference and the water level difference between the culture water body and the open sea; energy sources such as low-temperature seawater and illumination are extracted by the platform and depend on a renewable energy power supply system. The invention has the advantages of realizing the functions of full element measurement, full process visualization and full chain automatic control of deep and open sea culture.)

1. the utility model provides a cold water nature precious marine product offshore aquaculture platform based on multipotency is complementary which characterized in that:

1) adopting a retired medium-large ocean transport bulk cargo ship, opening a plurality of round holes at the bottom of the ship on two sides of a keel of a ship body, and welding cylindrical steel cylinders with slightly large sizes by depending on the edges of the round holes; the cylinder is processed into a permeable structure on the side surface close to the ship bottom, and a cylinder steel cylinder is welded and fixed with the ship body, so that the smooth exchange between the space outside the cylinder and the seawater outside the ship bottom is ensured;

2) isolating the effective space in the middle of the ship body according to the requirement of culture varieties to form culture unit bodies;

3) the bottom of each culture unit is horizontally isolated, so that the seawater at the bottom of each unit can smoothly flow and is communicated with the open sea through a water permeable structure;

4) the internal structure of each culture unit can be secondarily isolated by a soft or hard structure according to the requirements of culture varieties, culture stages and the like;

5) A detachable transparent or semitransparent heat insulation ceiling is built on a deck or above the deck of the ship body, and the ceiling and the ship body can form a closed space to realize the control of the environmental temperature;

6) an air conditioning pipeline and a terminal exhaust fan system are arranged at the height of the deck layer or below a ceiling and used for adjusting the environmental temperature of the space of the breeding unit, the air conditioning pipeline is connected with a seawater air conditioning host system arranged at the tail part of the ship body, and the breeding unit, the living unit and other special units form a centralized cooling (heating) system;

7) The seawater extracted by the water taking system is used as a cold source or a heat source of a seawater air conditioner, cold air and warm air are conveyed through an air conditioning pipeline and an exhaust fan, the space environment temperature and the comfort level of a living space of the platform culture unit are improved, and the seawater passing through the seawater air conditioning system is used as updating water of the culture platform and is conveyed to each culture unit through a water conveying pipeline;

8) the water temperature of the platform culture unit is determined by culture varieties and different culture stages, the temperature of the culture water serving as the cold water-based seafood is generally required to be controlled below 18 ℃, and the culture water temperature and the space environment temperature can be automatically controlled; in order to enable the culture seawater to be automatically discharged out of the ship body, the temperature of the culture water body is lower than that of the open sea water body, and the low-temperature culture water body has the characteristic of high density; the updated water is injected from the upper part of each culture unit, so that the water level can be effectively adjusted; the automatic sea drainage of the culture water from the ship bottom permeable structure can be realized by adjusting the water level difference and the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the platform; the culture water body at the bottom layer of the culture unit and the culture discharge are carried to automatically discharge from the sea in the space between the ship bottom and the partition plate, so that the update circulation of the water body is realized, and the environmental quality of the culture water body is ensured;

9) the energy for pumping low-temperature seawater by the platform depends on a renewable energy power supply system, the system adopts combined power supply of offshore wind energy and solar energy, a solar panel is arranged on a heat insulation ceiling and close to the inboard side of a ship, a fan is arranged on the side of a ship board, an electric energy storage device is established at the stern or the bow, and if special weather such as cloudy weather or no wind occurs, the system is supplied with power by a diesel auxiliary engine;

10) the platform establishes a culture air supply and oxygen supply system, an air supply terminal system is arranged at the bottom of the culture unit, bubbles generated by the air supply terminal can prolong the time of suspending bait in water during bait throwing, the ingestion efficiency is improved, and the system can supply oxygen to the culture unit at regular time at ordinary times; in order to reduce the influence of culture discharged water bodies, feed residues and the like on the marine environment, the bottom space of the platform is provided with lighting equipment such as an underwater LED (light emitting diode) and the like to provide illumination to promote the growth of algae, and abalones, sea cucumbers and the like are cultured in the bottom space of the platform.

2. the cold water precious marine culture platform based on multipotency complementation, according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (a), the step (b),

1) the method comprises the following steps that a medium-large ocean bulk cargo ship is adopted, a plurality of circular holes with the diameter of 60-150 cm are opened on two sides of a keel of the ship, the number of the circular holes is not more than 6, a cylindrical steel cylinder with the slightly larger size of 2-3 cm is welded and fixed on the basis of the periphery of each circular hole, and the side surface, 1.0-1.8 m away from the bottom of the ship, of the lower portion of the cylindrical steel cylinder is processed into a small circular hole water-permeable structure to ensure smooth exchange with an open sea water body;

2) The cylindrical steel cylinder and the reinforcing structure thereof are utilized to isolate the effective space in the middle of the ship body according to the requirement of breeding varieties to form a breeding unit body;

3) the bottom or partial bottom of each culture unit is horizontally isolated by a round hole or a steel plate with a net structure, and the distance between the isolation plate and the bottom of the ship body is 1.0-1.8 m, so that the seawater at the bottom of each unit can smoothly flow and is communicated with the open sea through a cylindrical steel cylinder permeable structure;

4) The internal structure of each culture unit can be subjected to secondary isolation by a net or a steel plate according to the requirements of culture varieties, culture stages and the like;

5) A detachable transparent or semitransparent heat insulation ceiling is built on a deck or above the deck of the ship body, the ceiling and the ship body can form a closed space, the environment temperature is controllable, and the environment temperature of the culture unit is controlled to be lower than 22 ℃ in summer;

6) an air conditioning pipeline and a terminal exhaust fan system are arranged at the height of a deck layer or below a ceiling and used for adjusting the environmental temperature of the space of the culture unit, the air conditioning pipeline is connected with a seawater air conditioning host system arranged at the tail of the ship body, another set of seawater air conditioning unit is arranged at the head of the ship body for standby, and the culture unit, the personnel living unit, the special unit (such as ice making) and the like form a centralized cooling (heating) system;

7) the water intake pipe with adjustable depth extends from the bottom of the ship body, seawater extracted by the water intake system is used as a cold source or a heat source of a seawater air conditioner, cold air and warm air are conveyed through an air conditioning pipeline and an exhaust fan, the space environment temperature of the platform breeding unit and the comfort level of a living space are improved, the seawater passing through the seawater air conditioning system is used as updating water of the breeding platform and is conveyed to each breeding unit through a water conveying pipeline, whether the water intake system and the air conditioning system work or not is determined by the temperature of a breeding water body, the platform space environment temperature and the like, and the seawater can be automatically regulated and controlled;

8) the water temperature of the platform culture unit is determined by culture varieties and different culture stages, and the temperature of the water used as the cold water-based seafood culture water is generally required to be controlled below 18 ℃; in order to ensure that the culture seawater can be automatically discharged out of the ship body, the temperature of the culture water body is lower than that of the open sea water body by more than 2 ℃, and the low-temperature culture water body has the characteristic of high density; the updated water is injected from the upper part of each culture unit, so that the water level can be effectively adjusted; the automatic sea drainage of the culture water from the ship bottom permeable structure can be realized by adjusting the water level difference and the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the platform; the aquaculture water body carries aquaculture discharge and is automatically discharged from the sea in the space between the ship bottom and the partition plate, so that the water body is updated and circulated, and the environment quality of the aquaculture water body is ensured;

9) Energy sources such as low-temperature seawater extraction, ventilation and illumination of the platform depend on a renewable energy source power supply system, the system adopts combined power supply of offshore wind energy and solar energy, a solar panel is installed on a heat insulation ceiling and close to the inboard side of a ship, a fan of the wind energy system is installed on the side of a ship board deck, and an electric energy storage device is established at the stern or the bow; if the system is in cloudy days or in special weather such as no wind and the like, the diesel auxiliary engine supplements power supply;

10) in order to save energy, the air supply and oxygen supply system for cultivation adopts a magnetic suspension type host system, an air supply terminal net is arranged at the bottom of a cultivation unit, bubbles generated by air supply during bait throwing can prolong the time of suspending bait in water, improve ingestion efficiency, regularly supply oxygen at ordinary times, and in order to reduce the influence of cultivation discharged water, feed residues and the like on the marine environment, the bottom space of a platform is provided with lighting equipment such as an underwater LED (light-emitting diode) and the like to promote the growth of algae, and precious marine products such as abalone, sea cucumber and the like are cultivated in the bottom;

11) the platform can utilize cold water resources in the yellow sea in summer and early autumn to develop cold water-based precious marine product cultivation, the platform can utilize natural water in the yellow sea to develop cultivation in early spring and late autumn, the platform can utilize warm water in the yellow sea to cultivate in winter, and the platform only needs to be shifted appropriately, so that the cross-year cultivation can be realized, and the individual quality of the cultivated product is ensured.

Technical Field

the invention belongs to the technical field of marine culture equipment, is designed by fully utilizing the temperature distribution characteristics of a summer yellow sea cold water mass and a winter yellow sea warm flow water body, and relates to a cold water precious marine culture platform offshore based on multi-energy complementation.

background

The yellow sea temperature profile is unique in that there is a stable low temperature in summer (about 25m) below the seasonal thermocline<8 ℃ water body, the scale of which is macro (about 5 multiplied by 10)¹²m³). Meanwhile, in winter, under the action of yellow sea warm current, tongue-shaped warm water (6-12 ℃) with vertical and consistent temperature exists in the middle of the yellow sea. The annual cycle characteristic of the temperature provides an rare natural culture place for the cultivation of cold water seafood (such as salmon and trout, stichopus japonicus and the like) in the yellow sea area at the middle latitude. And the yellow sea warm flow and the yellow sea cold water mass water bodies are from the open sea, the seawater cleanliness is high, and a high-quality water source is provided for the cultivation of precious marine products. The yellow sea is one of famous large tidal range sea areas in the world, the tidal current flow rate is high, typhoon in summer and cold tide in winter frequently occur, and factors such as artificial interference caused by high-strength offshore fishing operation in China are added, so that obviously, the raft type or net cage equipment is adopted to carry out marine culture in the middle cold water cluster sea area of the yellow sea at a high risk. Therefore, a novel marine energy-saving culture platform with controllable risks is constructed, an intensive culture-saving mode is developed, and the method is a key technical link to be solved urgently by comprehensively utilizing the yellow sea cold water mass resources and developing the large-scale offshore culture of cold water precious marine products.

disclosure of Invention

the invention aims to provide a cold water precious marine culture platform based on multi-energy complementation. The energy-saving, safe and environment-friendly offshore cold water-based precious marine product cultivation mode can be realized by means of the platform.

the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

1) A marine bulk cargo ship is adopted, a plurality of round holes are opened at the bottom of the ship on two sides of a keel of the ship, and cylindrical steel cylinders with slightly larger diameter are welded on the edges of the round holes. The cylinder is processed into a water permeable structure on the side surface close to the ship bottom, and is welded and fixed with the ship body and the bracket through a cylindrical steel cylinder, and the smooth exchange between the space outside the cylinder and the seawater outside the ship bottom is ensured;

2) Horizontally isolating the effective space in the ship body according to the culture requirement to form a plurality of mariculture unit bodies;

3) The mariculture units (or ballast water spaces at the bottom of a bulk carrier) are vertically separated in layers, and the upper spaces are culture units. The division board adopts the structure of permeating water, ensures that the unit seawater of breeding can flow into lower floor's bottom space through the division board. The bottom spaces are communicated with each other, and seawater of the culture unit can smoothly flow along the bottom spaces through the isolation plates and is communicated with the open sea through the cylindrical water permeable structure;

4) the internal structure of each culture unit can be secondarily isolated by adopting a soft or hard structure according to the requirements of culture varieties, culture stages and the like;

5) a detachable transparent or semitransparent heat insulation ceiling is built on a deck or above the deck of the ship body, the ceiling and the ship body can form a closed space, and the requirement that the space environment temperature is controllable is met;

6) An energy efficient seawater air conditioning system design (2012105142047.6; CN 102997493A) makes full use of the characteristics of the cold water mass in yellow sea in summer and the warm water mass in yellow sea in winter, and can improve the energy-saving effect to the maximum extent. The water intake pipe with adjustable depth extends from the bottom of the ship body, and the seawater extracted by the water intake system is used as a cold source (summer) or a heat source (winter) of the energy-saving seawater air conditioner. The seawater air conditioning system is built in the space at the two sides of the bow and the stern to form a main-auxiliary configuration, the main machine works at ordinary times, and the auxiliary machine is reserved;

7) an air conditioning pipeline and a terminal fan system are arranged at the height below the deck layer or the ceiling and used for adjusting the ambient temperature in the ceiling. The air-conditioning pipeline is connected with a main (auxiliary) machine system of the energy-saving seawater air-conditioning system arranged at the tail (head) part of the ship body, and forms a centralized cold (warm) supply system with the external space of the culture unit, the living space of people and other special units (such as ice making and the like). Cold air or warm air is conveyed through an air conditioning pipeline and a fan system, and the space environment temperature of the platform culture unit and the comfort level of the living space of people are improved. The temperature of the seawater after cold exchange of the seawater air-conditioning system is generally suitable for the requirement of cold water type precious marine product cultivation (partial cold or warm seawater can be mixed when necessary), and the seawater is a renewed water source of the cultivation platform and is transported to each cultivation unit by a seawater pipeline on the platform;

8) the water body temperature of the culture unit is determined by culture species and can be properly adjusted by depending on the temperature of the updated water. In order to enable the seawater of the culture unit to be automatically discharged out of the ship body, the temperature of the water body of the culture unit is lower than that of the seawater outside the ship, and the low-temperature seawater has the characteristic of high density. Meanwhile, the updated water body is injected from each culture unit, so that the seawater level of the culture units can be improved. Adjusting the water level difference and the temperature difference between the seawater of the culture unit and the external seawater, wherein culture discharge materials carried by the culture water body at the bottom layer can pass through the isolation plate, flow along the bottom space and automatically discharge the water through the cylindrical permeable structure, so that water body updating circulation and waste discharge are realized, and the environment quality of the culture water body is ensured;

9) energy sources required by deep seawater extraction, air conditioner fan working, illumination and the like are mainly supported by a renewable energy power supply system on the platform. The system adopts the combined power supply of offshore wind energy and solar energy, the solar panel is arranged on the heat insulation ceiling and close to the ship board, the wind power fan is arranged on the side of the ship board, and the electric energy storage device is built in the stern or the bow cabin. If special weather such as cloudy days or no wind occurs, the platform system is supplied with power by the auxiliary diesel engine of the ship;

10) The platform is designed to establish a cultivation air supply (oxygen supply) system, an air supply terminal system is arranged at the bottom of the cultivation unit, and air outlets are uniformly distributed in a net shape. The air bubbles generated by the air supply terminal can increase the time of the bait in the suspended water during bait throwing, improve the bait ingestion efficiency, and the system can supply oxygen for the culture unit at regular time. In order to reduce the influence of culture discharged water bodies, feed residues and the like on the marine environment, the bottom space of the platform is provided with lighting equipment such as an underwater LED (light emitting diode) to promote the growth of algae, and seafood such as abalone, sea cucumber and the like are cultured in the bottom space of the platform, so that the utilization rate of the feed is promoted, and the emission of nitrogen and phosphorus is reduced as far as possible. The platform can realize the three-dimensional, environment-friendly and ecological concepts of offshore breeding;

11) The platform can utilize cold water resources in summer and early autumn of the yellow sea to develop offshore cold water-based precious marine product culture, can utilize natural water bodies in the yellow sea to develop culture in early spring and late autumn, and can utilize warm water bodies in the yellow sea to culture in winter. The platform only needs to be shifted properly and is close to the position of the seawater temperature required by cultivation, so that an annual cultivation plan is realized, and series problems of transition in winter and the like are conveniently solved;

12) the service life of the ship can be prolonged by using the retired medium-large ocean ship. The constructed culture platform completely realizes the control of marine culture risks and culture environment. The platform design fully utilizes the seasonal variation characteristics of the yellow sea resources, and overcomes the difficulty of trans-annual culture transition. The platform adopts a closed design concept, and can realize functions of full-element measurement, full-process visualization and full-chain automatic control of deep and open sea culture.

Further, in the present invention,

1) the ocean transportation bulk cargo ship is adopted, a plurality of circular holes with the aperture of 60-150 cm are opened on two sides of a keel of a ship body, the number of the circular holes is not more than 6, and the size and the number of the circular holes depend on the ship type. Welding and fixing a cylindrical steel cylinder with the slightly larger size of 2-3 cm by depending on the periphery of each circular hole, and processing a small circular hole water-permeable structure on the side surface of the lower end of the cylindrical steel cylinder, which is 1.0-1.8 m away from the bottom of the ship, so as to ensure smooth exchange with the open sea water body;

2) The cylindrical steel cylinder and the reinforcing structure thereof are utilized to isolate the effective space in the hull according to the culture requirement, so as to form a culture unit body for culture or breeding;

3) the bottom or partial bottom of each culture unit is horizontally isolated by a round hole or a steel plate with a net structure, and the distance between the isolation plate and the bottom of the ship body is 1.0-1.8 m, so that the seawater at the bottom of each culture unit can smoothly flow and is communicated with the open sea through a water permeable structure;

4) the internal structure of each culture unit can be secondarily isolated by adopting structures such as a soft net or a steel plate according to the requirements of culture varieties, culture stages and the like;

5) A detachable transparent or semitransparent heat insulation ceiling is built on a deck or above the deck of the ship body, the ceiling and the ship body can form a closed space, the environment temperature is controllable, and the external environment temperature of the culture unit is controlled to be not higher than 22 ℃ in summer;

6) An air conditioning pipeline and a terminal exhaust fan system are arranged at the height below a deck layer or a ceiling and used for adjusting the environmental temperature of the space of the culture unit, the air conditioning pipeline is connected with a seawater air conditioning host system arranged at the tail of the ship body, another set of seawater air conditioning unit is arranged at the head of the ship body for standby, and the culture unit, the personnel living unit, the low-temperature ice making unit and the like form a centralized cooling system for cooling in summer. In winter, a seawater air conditioning unit is utilized to supply heat for a culture unit, a living unit and the like;

7) The seawater extracted by the water taking system is used as a summer cold source or a winter heat source of the seawater air conditioner, cold air (summer) and warm air (winter) are conveyed through an air conditioning pipeline and an exhaust fan, the space environment temperature of the platform culture unit and the comfort level of a living space are improved, and the seawater passing through the seawater air conditioning system is used as updating water of the culture unit and conveyed to each culture unit through a water conveying pipeline. Whether the water taking system and the air conditioning system work is determined by the temperature of the culture water body, the environmental temperature of the platform space and the like, and the working mode of the seawater air conditioner is automatically controlled;

8) the water temperature of the platform culture unit is determined by culture varieties and different culture stages, and the temperature of the water used as the cold water-based precious marine product culture water is generally controlled to be below 18 ℃. In order to ensure that the culture seawater can be automatically discharged out of the ship body, the temperature of the culture water body is lower than that of the open sea water body by more than 2 ℃, so that the low-temperature culture water body is ensured to have high density characteristic. On the other hand, the updating water body is injected from the upper part of each culture unit, and the water level of the culture water body is controlled to be 3-5 cm higher than the water level of the open sea. The automatic sea drainage of the culture water from the water permeable structure of the ship bottom cylindrical steel cylinder can be realized by regulating and controlling the water level difference and the temperature difference of the water bodies inside and outside the platform. The aquaculture water and the discharge carried by the aquaculture water pass through the isolation plate, follow the bottom space, and automatically discharge the aquaculture water through the cylindrical water permeable structure, so that the water renewal cycle and the aquaculture waste discharge are realized, and the environment quality of the aquaculture water is ensured;

9) energy sources of low-temperature seawater extraction, ventilation, monitoring, illumination and the like of the platform depend on a renewable energy power supply system, the system adopts combined power supply of offshore wind energy and solar energy, a solar panel is installed on a heat insulation ceiling and close to a ship inboard side, a fan of a wind power system is installed on the ship inboard side, and an electric energy storage device is established in the stern (or bow) space. If the system is in cloudy days or in special weather such as no wind and the like, the diesel auxiliary engine supplements power supply;

10) in order to save energy, the cultivation air supply (oxygen supply) system can adopt a magnetic suspension type host system, and an air supply terminal system is arranged at the bottom of the cultivation unit. The air bubbles generated by air supply during bait feeding can prolong the time of bait suspension in water, improve the ingestion efficiency and regularly supply oxygen to the culture unit at ordinary times. In order to reduce the influence of culture discharged water, feed residues and the like on the marine environment, the bottom space of the platform is provided with an underwater LED and other lighting equipment to provide a light source to promote the growth of algae, and seafood such as abalone, sea cucumber and the like are cultured in the bottom space of the platform, so that the utilization rate of culture feed is improved, and nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants are reduced to be discharged to the sea;

11) the platform can utilize the yellow sea cold water resources in summer and early autumn to carry out offshore cold water precious marine product culture. In early spring and late autumn, the platform can utilize natural water in yellow sea to develop culture. In winter, the platform only needs to be moved properly, and yellow sea warm current water is used for cultivation. The scheme can realize the annual culture and ensure the individual weight and quality of the cultured products.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a culture platform hull;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cultivation platform.

Detailed Description

the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.

Based on the temperature characteristics of the yellow sea cold water mass and the yellow sea warm flow water body, the offshore cold water marine precious marine culture platform based on multi-energy complementation is as follows:

1) a retired medium-sized and large-sized bulk cargo transportation ship (18-ten-thousand tons, 25-ten-thousand tons and 40-ten-thousand-ton-level) is adopted, a plurality of circular holes with the aperture of 60-150 cm are opened on two sides of a keel of a ship body, the number and the size of the circular holes can be determined according to the size and the structure of the ship body, the number of the circular holes is generally not more than 6, and a cylinder steel cylinder with slightly larger size (2-3 cm) is welded on the periphery of each circular hole. The cylindrical steel cylinder is welded and fixed, and the side surface of the lower end (1.0-1.8 m away from the bottom of the ship) of the cylindrical steel cylinder is processed into a small round hole or a permeable structure with other shapes, so that smooth exchange with the open sea water body is ensured;

2) The cylindrical steel cylinder and the reinforcing structure thereof are utilized to isolate the effective space in the middle of the ship body according to the requirement of breeding varieties to form a breeding unit body for mariculture, seedling culture and the like;

3) the bottom or partial bottom of each culture unit is horizontally isolated by a round hole or a steel plate with a net structure, and the distance between an isolation plate and the bottom of the ship body is 1.0-1.8 m, so that the seawater at the bottom of each unit body can smoothly flow and is communicated with the open sea through a water permeable structure of a cylindrical steel cylinder;

4) the internal structure of each culture unit can be subjected to secondary isolation of a soft structure (such as a net) or a hard structure (such as a steel plate) according to the requirements of culture varieties, culture stages and the like;

5) a detachable transparent or semitransparent heat insulation ceiling is built on a deck or above the deck of the ship body, the ceiling and the ship body can form a closed space, and the controllable environmental temperature is realized. The air conditioner controls the environment temperature of the culture unit to be lower than 22 ℃ in summer. The device can be automatically or semi-automatically folded or disassembled according to the temperature of air in different seasons, but the temperature of the water body of the culture unit and the environment temperature of the space of the water body of the culture unit are ensured to meet the culture requirements;

6) an air conditioning pipeline and a terminal exhaust fan system are arranged at the height of the deck layer or below the ceiling and used for adjusting the environmental temperature of the space of the culture unit, and the air conditioning pipeline is connected with a seawater air conditioning host system arranged at the tail of the ship body (the head of the ship body is provided with another set of air conditioning unit for standby). The cultivation unit, the living unit and other special units (such as low-temperature ice making) form a summer centralized cooling system and a winter heating system;

7) the water intake pipe with adjustable depth is extended from the bottom of the ship body (the depth is vertically distributed depending on the temperature of the seawater), the seawater extracted by the water intake system is used as a cold source (summer) or a heat source (winter) of the seawater air conditioner, and cold air (summer) and warm air (winter) are conveyed through an air conditioner pipeline and an exhaust fan, so that the space environment temperature of the platform culture unit and the comfort level of a living space are improved. The seawater after passing through the seawater air conditioning system is used as the updated water of the culture platform and is transported to each culture unit by a water pipeline. Whether the water taking system and the air conditioning system work is determined by the temperature of the culture water body, the environmental temperature of the platform space and the like, and the working mode can be automatically controlled;

8) the water temperature of the platform culture unit is determined by culture varieties and different culture stages of culture, and the culture water temperature of the cold water precious marine products generally needs to be controlled below 18 ℃. In order to ensure that the culture seawater can be automatically discharged out of the ship body, the temperature of the culture water body is preferably lower than that of the open sea water body by more than 2 ℃, so that the low-temperature culture water body is ensured to have high density characteristic. On the other hand, the updating water body is injected from the upper part of each culture unit, and the water level of the culture water body of the control platform is 3-5 cm higher than the water level of the open sea. The automatic sea drainage of the culture water from the water permeable structure of the ship bottom cylindrical steel cylinder can be realized by regulating and controlling the water level difference and the temperature difference of the water bodies inside and outside the platform. The aquaculture water carries the discharge to pass through the isolation plate, follows along the bottom space, and automatically drains through the cylindrical permeable structure, so that the water body is refreshed and circulated, the aquaculture waste is drained, and the aquaculture water quality is ensured;

9) energy sources of low-temperature seawater extraction, ventilation, monitoring, illumination and the like of the platform depend on a renewable energy power supply system, the system adopts combined power supply of offshore wind energy and solar energy, a solar panel is installed on a heat insulation ceiling and close to a ship inboard side, a fan of a wind power system is installed on the ship inboard side, and an electric energy storage device is established in the stern (or bow) space. If the system is in cloudy days or in special weather such as no wind and the like, the diesel auxiliary engine supplements power supply;

10) the platform can realize continuous large-scale offshore mariculture of cold-water precious marine products for one year or more in a yellow sea area. In summer, the low-temperature water bodies in the middle and lower layers of the yellow sea are extracted, part of cold energy is extracted from the sea water, a centralized cooling mode is adopted, the temperature and the humidity of the space environment of each culture unit are regulated, and the comfort level of the living area environment is improved. Meanwhile, a continuously updated water body is provided for the culture unit, and the water body temperature and the water quality required by the cold-water precious marine products are ensured. In winter, the yellow sea warm flow brings high-temperature and high-salinity seawater, the seawater with higher temperature is extracted to serve as the hot end of the seawater air conditioner to provide required warm air for the living area of people, and the temperature of the yellow sea warm flow is also suitable for the requirement of cold water precious marine product cultivation. In winter, the seawater of the culture unit is naturally cooled, so that the temperature of a culture water body is easily lower than that of the seawater outside, partial culture seawater is automatically discharged from the bottom of a ship, and the water body is ensured to be updated in time;

11) the platform is arranged into a transverse multi-unit and longitudinal multi-layer structure, and can establish a multi-variety and three-dimensional ecological breeding technology according to the breeding material and energy circulation theory to provide a solution. The controllability design of the platform also provides a foundation for the comprehensive monitoring and control of the culture ecosystem.

the platform system provided by the invention relies on the characteristics of the temperature change of the yellow sea, realizes an energy-saving, safe, environment-friendly and three-dimensional offshore breeding mode of cold water-based seafood, can provide a large-scale and risk-controllable new marine breeding way, and not only provides a new breeding mode for the yellow sea-specific cold water-based seafood (such as stichopus japonicus and the like) in China, but also provides an innovative platform for the autonomous breeding of the cold water-based fish (such as salmon and trout and the like) in China due to the shortage of marine resources. The method fully utilizes the unique resources of the summer yellow sea cold water mass and the winter yellow sea warm current, realizes the continuous cycle offshore marine culture of the cold water seafood for one or more years, and makes up the technical defect that the field needs to be transferred in winter in the current culture field.

fig. 1 is a schematic view of a hull of a culture platform. Fig. 2 is an internal structure of a cultivation platform. According to the invention, the cylindrical steel cylinder water permeable device is designed at the bottom of the ship body, and the control method for automatically discharging the culture water of each unit of the platform into the sea is realized by utilizing the difference between the water level and the temperature of the internal culture water and the external seawater. And thirdly, the platform is designed and installed with a wind power and solar energy complementary power generation and storage device by utilizing the space size to supply power for pumping, ventilating, lighting and the like of the platform, so that the energy conservation and emission reduction of the platform are realized. On the basis, the three-dimensional design structure in the platform is combined, the internal flow of the aquaculture water body is controlled according to the material components of the aquaculture water body, the platform for realizing multiple varieties, three-dimensional and ecological aquaculture modes is constructed, and the aquaculture concepts of energy conservation, emission reduction, cyclic utilization and environmental protection of the offshore aquaculture platform are realized by utilizing solar energy, wind energy and ocean energy in a multi-energy complementary manner.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all simple modifications, equivalent variations and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.