阅读说明：本技术 一种驴用富硒饲料及其制备方法 (Selenium-rich feed for donkeys and preparation method thereof ) 是由 尹逊芳 孙鹏 刘金国 于华亮 周生超 贾立英 于 2019-08-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请公开的一种驴用富硒饲料及其制备方法,所述驴用富硒饲料包括以下重量配比的组分：玉米40-60重量份,豆粕20-30重量份,米糠粕10-20重量份,预混料2-5重量份；其中,所述预混料中原料包括磷酸氢钙、石粉、载体、食盐、赖氨酸、诱食剂、硫酸镁、驴用多维、驴用多矿、酵母硒和亚硒酸钠。本申请提供的一种驴用富硒饲料及其制备方法,提高驴奶的硒含量,进而提高奶驴产奶质量、提高饲养驴的经济价值。(the application discloses a selenium-rich feed for donkeys and a preparation method thereof, wherein the selenium-rich feed for donkeys comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of corn, 20-30 parts of bean pulp, 10-20 parts of rice bran meal and 2-5 parts of premix; wherein the premix comprises calcium hydrogen phosphate, stone powder, carrier, salt, lysine, phagostimulant, magnesium sulfate, donkey multivitamin, donkey polymineral, yeast selenium and sodium selenite. The selenium-rich feed for donkeys and the preparation method thereof improve the selenium content of donkey milk, further improve the milk production quality of milk donkeys and improve the economic value of donkey feeding.)

1. the selenium-rich feed for donkeys is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:

40-60 parts of corn, 20-30 parts of bean pulp, 10-20 parts of rice bran meal and 2-5 parts of premix;

wherein the premix comprises calcium hydrogen phosphate, stone powder, carrier, salt, lysine, phagostimulant, magnesium sulfate, donkey multivitamin, donkey polymineral, yeast selenium and sodium selenite.

2. the selenium-rich feed for donkey as claimed in claim 1, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:

55 parts of corn, 26 parts of bean pulp, 15 parts of rice bran meal and 4 parts of premix.

3. The selenium-rich feed for donkey as claimed in claim 1, wherein the premix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

15-25 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 20-30 parts of stone powder, 15-25 parts of carrier, 10-20 parts of salt, 2-5 parts of lysine, 0.02-0.05 part of phagostimulant, 5-10 parts of magnesium sulfate, 3-6 parts of donkey multivitamin, 3-6 parts of donkey polymineral, 0.3-0.8 part of yeast selenium and 0.02-0.05 part of sodium selenite.

4. The selenium-rich feed for donkey as claimed in claim 3, wherein the weight ratio of the raw materials in the premix is as follows: 20 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 26.27 parts of stone powder, 20 parts of carrier, 14 parts of salt, 2 parts of lysine, 0.04 part of phagostimulant, 8 parts of magnesium sulfate, 4.7 parts of donkey multivitamin, 4.5 parts of donkey polymineral, 0.5 part of yeast selenium and 0.03 part of sodium selenite.

5. The selenium-enriched feed for donkey as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vitamins for donkey include vitamin A, vitamin D3 and vitamin E;

the multi-mineral for donkey comprises iron, copper, manganese, zinc, cobalt and calcium.

6. a preparation method of selenium-rich feed for donkeys is characterized by comprising the following steps:

Respectively crushing corn, bean pulp and rice bran meal;

obtaining corn, bean pulp, rice bran meal and premix according to the raw material proportion of any one of claims 1-5;

mixing corn, bean pulp and rice bran meal, adding premix and mixing uniformly;

And (3) feeding the uniformly mixed corn, bean pulp, rice bran meal and premix into a compression chamber of a granulator for compression to generate granulated feed.

7. The method for preparing the selenium-enriched feed for donkey as claimed in claim 6, wherein the method further comprises the following steps before the raw materials are obtained:

cleaning the impurities in the corn, the bean pulp and the rice bran pulp.

8. The method for preparing the selenium-enriched feed for donkey according to claim 6, wherein before the uniformly mixed corn, bean pulp, rice bran meal and premix are fed into a compression chamber of a granulator and are pressed to form granulated feed, the method further comprises the following steps:

And (3) tempering and processing the uniformly mixed corn, bean pulp, rice bran meal and premix compound at the temperature lower than 80 ℃.

9. The method for preparing the selenium-rich feed for donkey as claimed in claim 6, further comprising: the granulated feed is cooled by a cooler, and standard granulated feed is screened out by a screening device.

10. The method for preparing the selenium-rich feed for donkey as claimed in claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps:

And mixing to prepare a premix.

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of livestock feed, in particular to selenium-rich feed for donkeys and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Donkey, Equidae, genus donkey, smaller than both horse and zebra, thin neck skin, small and firm hoof, strong constitution, and strong resistance. The donkey is firm, resistant to rough, not easy to get ill, and has the advantages of sexual emotion and warm temperament, bitter taste and fatigue resistance, listening to enable use and the like.

And the donkey is an economic animal with strong stress resistance, strong disease resistance, coarse feeding resistance, low feeding cost and good meat quality. For example, the donkey meat has complete amino acid composition, and the content of 8 essential amino acids and 10 non-essential amino acids is very rich; the donkey hide can be used as colla Corii Asini raw material; donkey milk is close to human milk and tastes fresh and sweet.

The milk yield of the donkey in the lactation period in one day is as follows: 1-1.5 kg, 2.4-7 kg at most, and 1 ton at most in one milk production period, thus having great economic value. The donkey milk is natural and rich in selenium, the selenium content is 5 times of that of common cow milk, and the selenium has the functions of stimulating the generation of human immune protein antibodies, eliminating substances which are not beneficial to human bodies, improving the human immunity and has the anticancer effect; donkey milk is rich in essential fatty acids such as linoleic acid and linolenic acid; the donkey milk contains 1/5 of milk in cholesterol, belongs to natural low-fat and low-cholesterol organic food, and is the preferred food for diabetes and hypertension; the donkey milk belongs to whey protein dairy products and has high biological value. Therefore, the development of breeding of milk donkeys has great potential.

disclosure of Invention

The application provides a selenium-rich feed for donkeys and a preparation method thereof, which can improve the selenium content of donkey milk, further improve the milk production quality of the milk donkeys and improve the economic value of raising donkeys.

the application provides a selenium-rich feed for donkey, selenium-rich feed for donkey includes the following components by weight ratio:

40-60 parts of corn, 20-30 parts of bean pulp, 10-20 parts of rice bran meal and 2-5 parts of premix;

Wherein the premix comprises calcium hydrogen phosphate, stone powder, carrier, salt, lysine, phagostimulant, magnesium sulfate, donkey multivitamin, donkey polymineral, yeast selenium and sodium selenite.

Optionally, in the selenium-rich feed for donkey, the selenium-rich feed for donkey comprises the following components in parts by weight:

55 parts of corn, 26 parts of bean pulp, 15 parts of rice bran meal and 4 parts of premix.

Optionally, in the selenium-rich feed for donkey, the weight ratio of the raw materials in the premix is as follows:

15-25 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 20-30 parts of stone powder, 15-25 parts of carrier, 10-20 parts of salt, 2-5 parts of lysine, 0.02-0.05 part of phagostimulant, 5-10 parts of magnesium sulfate, 3-6 parts of donkey multivitamin, 3-6 parts of donkey polymineral, 0.3-0.8 part of yeast selenium and 0.02-0.05 part of sodium selenite.

optionally, in the selenium-rich feed for donkey, the weight ratio of the raw materials in the premix is as follows:

20 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 26.27 parts of stone powder, 20 parts of carrier, 14 parts of salt, 2 parts of lysine, 0.04 part of phagostimulant, 8 parts of magnesium sulfate, 4.7 parts of donkey multivitamin, 4.5 parts of donkey polymineral, 0.5 part of yeast selenium and 0.03 part of sodium selenite.

optionally, in the selenium-rich feed for donkey, the vitamins for donkey comprise vitamin A, vitamin D3 and vitamin E;

The multi-mineral for donkey comprises iron, copper, manganese, zinc, cobalt and calcium.

In a second aspect, the application also provides a preparation method of the selenium-rich feed for donkeys, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:

Respectively crushing corn, bean pulp and rice bran meal;

Obtaining corn, bean pulp, rice bran meal and premix according to any one of the raw material proportions;

Mixing corn, bean pulp and rice bran meal, adding premix and mixing uniformly;

And (3) feeding the uniformly mixed corn, bean pulp, rice bran meal and premix into a compression chamber of a granulator for compression to generate granulated feed.

Optionally, in the preparation method of the selenium-rich feed for donkey, the method further comprises the following steps before the raw materials are obtained:

Cleaning the impurities in the corn, the bean pulp and the rice bran pulp.

Optionally, in the preparation method of the selenium-enriched feed for donkeys, before the uniformly mixed corn, soybean meal, rice bran meal and premix are fed into a compression chamber of a granulator and pressed into granulated feed, the method further comprises:

And (3) tempering and processing the uniformly mixed corn, bean pulp, rice bran meal and premix compound at the temperature lower than 80 ℃.

optionally, in the preparation method of the selenium-rich feed for donkey, the method further comprises the following steps: the granulated feed is cooled by a cooler, and standard granulated feed is screened out by a screening device.

Optionally, in the preparation method of the selenium-rich feed for donkey, the method comprises the following steps:

And mixing to prepare a premix.

according to the selenium-rich feed for donkeys and the preparation method thereof, the premix is used for improving the selenium, vitamin and mineral content of the feed. Selenium-enriched yeast and sodium selenite are added into the premix to improve the selenium content in the feed, the selenium yeast is an organic selenium source developed by utilizing yeast, inorganic selenium is added in the yeast fermentation process, the inorganic selenium is absorbed by yeast cells, and high-valence selenium is reduced into Se through a series of reduction reactions^2-Finally, mainly takes part in protein synthesis in the forms of selenomethionine, selenocysteine and the like, can stimulate the activity of fiber decomposing bacteria, change the digestion of fiber and change the acetic acid and propionic acid proportion of the rumen of the ruminant, thereby realizing the regulation and control of the rumen fermentation and further improving the production performance of the ruminant,the selenium content in the donkey milk is increased from 0.0067mg/Kg to 0.024 mg/Kg. And selenium and vitamin E cooperate to protect cell membranes, prevent unsaturated fatty acid from being oxidized, supplement vitamin A, D, E and meet the nutritional requirements of donkey on vitamins.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention, as claimed.

Drawings

in order to more clearly explain the technical solution of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without any creative effort.

Fig. 1 is a structural flow chart of a preparation method of the selenium-rich feed for donkeys, which is provided by the embodiment of the application.

Detailed Description

the selenium-rich feed for donkeys and the preparation method thereof, provided by the embodiment of the application, can be used for improving the selenium content of donkey milk, further improving the milk production quality of milk donkeys and improving the economic value of donkey feeding.

In order to make the technical solutions in the present description better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present description will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present description, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present description, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present description.

The selenium-rich feed for donkeys provided by the embodiment of the application comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of corn, 20-30 parts of bean pulp, 10-20 parts of rice bran meal and 2-5 parts of premix;

Wherein the premix comprises calcium hydrogen phosphate, stone powder, carrier, salt, lysine, phagostimulant, magnesium sulfate, donkey multivitamin, donkey polymineral, yeast selenium and sodium selenite.

In the corn, the content of crude protein reaches 8.5%, the content of crude fiber reaches 2.6%, and the content of lysine reaches 0.36%. In the soybean meal, the content of crude protein reaches 45%, the content of crude fiber reaches 5.9%, and the content of lysine reaches 2.68%. In the rice bran meal, the content of crude protein reaches 15.1%, the content of crude fiber reaches 7.5%, and the content of lysine reaches 0.72%. The selenium-rich feed for donkeys provided by the embodiment of the application has the advantages that the content of crude protein reaches 19%, the content of crude fiber reaches 4.17%, and the content of lysine reaches 0.94%.

In the embodiment of the application, the weight ratio of the raw materials in the premix is as follows: 15-25 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 20-30 parts of stone powder, 15-25 parts of carrier, 10-20 parts of salt, 2-5 parts of lysine, 0.02-0.05 part of phagostimulant, 5-10 parts of magnesium sulfate, 3-6 parts of donkey multivitamin, 3-6 parts of donkey polymineral, 0.3-0.8 part of yeast selenium and 0.02-0.05 part of sodium selenite.

In the embodiment of the application, the carrier can be selected from rice hull powder, corn flour and the like; lysine can be selected from lysine 70; the phagostimulant is an additive for improving the palatability of the feed and enhancing the appetite of the fed animals, such as ledaxiang; the donkey vitamins comprise vitamin A, vitamin D3, vitamin E and the like; the multi-minerals for donkey include iron, copper, manganese, zinc, cobalt, calcium and the like.

Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a preparation method of the selenium-rich feed for donkeys, which is provided by the embodiment of the application. As shown in the attached drawing 1, the preparation method of the selenium-rich feed for donkey provided by the embodiment of the application comprises the following steps:

Respectively crushing corn, bean pulp and rice bran meal;

obtaining corn, bean pulp, rice bran meal and premix according to the raw material proportion of any one of claims 1-5;

mixing corn, bean pulp and rice bran meal, adding premix and mixing uniformly;

And (3) feeding the uniformly mixed corn, bean pulp, rice bran meal and premix into a compression chamber of a granulator for compression to generate granulated feed.

The corn, the bean pulp and the rice bran meal are crushed mainly to control the granularity of the materials. According to the variety to be produced, the sieve sheet of the pulverizer is replaced in time, and the hammer sheet, the sieve sheet, the current, the noise and the pulverizing path are monitored and confirmed at any time, so that the pulverized material is ensured to enter the corresponding proportioning bins; the crushing quality directly influences the yield and the power consumption of feed production, and the power consumption also influences the inherent quality and the feeding effect of the feed; the crushed particle size is different with the difference of animals, and when the crushed particle size does not meet the requirements of livestock and poultry, the digestion and absorption of the livestock and poultry after eating the feed are influenced; and when the materials which do not meet the requirement of granularity are produced, the feed quality and the production efficiency are seriously influenced. Before production, whether a sieve sheet of the crusher is damaged or not, the main direction and the abrasion condition of a toothed plate and whether a hammer sheet is incomplete or not are checked, the size of a feeding controller is adjusted according to the properties of materials to be crushed, and the like, so that abnormity is found and corrected in time.

Mixing corn, bean pulp and rice bran meal, namely, unloading various raw materials which are weighed and batched into a mixer according to a batching scale, adding grease according to needs, and setting mixing time according to the performance of equipment to ensure that all components are uniformly mixed to achieve the required mixing uniformity.

The raw materials of the mixed premix are mixed with calcium hydrophosphate, mountain flour, a carrier, salt, lysine, a phagostimulant, magnesium sulfate, multi-vitamin for donkey, multi-mineral for donkey, yeast selenium and sodium selenite according to the raw material ratio in the premix.

Further, in this embodiment of the present application, before obtaining the raw material, the method further includes: cleaning the impurities in the corn, the bean pulp and the rice bran pulp.

impurities in the feed raw materials not only affect the quality of feed products, but also directly relate to feed processing equipment and personal safety, can cause the damage of the whole equipment when serious, and affect the smooth production of the feed, so the impurities are removed in time. In the feed raw materials, the impurities of the animal protein feed, the mineral feed and the trace element medicament additive are all finished in the production of the raw materials, and generally do not need to be cleaned in a feed factory. Liquid materials (such as grease and the like) are often cleaned by arranging a filter in a discharge or feed tank pipe. The feed raw materials which need to be cleaned are mainly grain feed and byproducts processed by the grain feed, and stones, soil, bag pieces, ropes, metal impurities and the like in the grain feed are mainly cleaned. The impurities in the corn, the bean pulp and the rice bran meal are cleaned mainly by screening and magnetic separation equipment. For example, the screening equipment such as a cylindrical pre-cleaning sieve is used for mainly removing large and long impurities such as stones, mud blocks, gunny bags and the like in the raw materials, such as a grid sieve at the auxiliary material feeding port; the subsequent trommel screen removes fine impurities from the raw material. Magnetic separation equipment such as permanent magnetic drums in the crusher and the granulator mainly removes metal impurities such as raw iron.

Whether the quality is changed or not is checked during feeding, corresponding treatment measures are taken in time when the raw materials are found to be abnormal, and unqualified raw materials are strictly required to be selected in time and cannot enter the next procedure. If the corn is easily polluted by the mould to generate toxin, mould grains are removed; the inferior soybean meal with abnormal color, bad smell and mildewed and caked blocks also can not be used as a feed raw material. The raw materials are accurately conveyed to the corresponding proportioning bins after being cleaned and purified. The bottom of the bucket elevator, the scraper conveyor, the screw conveyor and the buffer section of the chute are easy to generate the residue of the old materials and cross contamination, and the parts are required to be cleaned regularly.

Further, in the preparation method of the selenium-enriched feed for donkeys provided in the embodiment of the present application, before the uniformly mixed corn, soybean meal, rice bran meal and premix are fed into a compression chamber of a granulator and pressed to form granulated feed, the method further comprises: and (3) tempering and processing the uniformly mixed corn, bean pulp, rice bran meal and premix compound at the temperature lower than 80 ℃.

the material is sent into the compression chamber of the granulator after being magnetically separated and tempered from the bin to be granulated and is pressed into granulated feed, magnetic separation equipment must be regularly cleaned to avoid iron impurities from damaging the granulator, the steam quantity, the feeding speed, the rotating speed and the like are adjusted according to the requirement of the variety of the granules during tempering, and the ring die (the aperture, the compression ratio, the material and the like) is selected according to the quality requirement of the feed variety on the granules.

The adjustment of steam quantity and feeding quantity during tempering is related to the feed quality and the production efficiency, and the residence time of tempering has influence on the quality of tempering and granulating. This process also has a significant effect on the heat sensitive nutritional ingredients vitamin a, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin C and folic acid. Therefore, the temperature for modifying and molding the granules is generally not more than 80 ℃, so that the activity of the beta-glucanase can be ensured, and the digestibility and the sterilization effect of the feed can be ensured.

Further, in the preparation method of the selenium-rich feed for donkeys provided by the embodiment of the application, the method further comprises the following steps: the granulated feed is cooled by a cooler, and standard granulated feed is screened out by a screening device.

The granulated feed is cooled by a cooler, and standard granulated finished materials are screened out by screening equipment. During cooling, the material level device and the air quantity of the fan of the cooler are adjusted according to factors such as variety, indoor temperature and humidity, season and the like, so that the qualified particle temperature is reached. The particles to be crushed according to the variety requirement are crushed into proper particle size by a crusher.

according to the selenium-rich feed for donkeys and the preparation method thereof, the premix is used for improving the selenium, vitamin and mineral content of the feed. Selenium-enriched yeast and sodium selenite are added into the premix to improve the selenium content in the feed, the selenium yeast is an organic selenium source developed by utilizing yeast, inorganic selenium is added in the yeast fermentation process, the inorganic selenium is absorbed by yeast cells, and high-valence selenium is reduced into Se through a series of reduction reactions^2-Finally, mainly takes part in protein synthesis in the forms of selenomethionine, selenocysteine and the like, can stimulate the activity of fiber decomposing bacteria, change the digestion of fiber and change the acetic acid and propionic acid proportion of the rumen of the ruminant, thereby realizing the regulation and control of rumen fermentation, further improving the production performance of the ruminant and increasing the selenium content in donkey milk from 0.0067mg/Kg to 0.024 mg/Kg. And selenium and vitamin E cooperate to protect cell membranes, prevent unsaturated fatty acid from being oxidized, supplement vitamin A, D, E and meet the nutritional requirements of donkey on vitamins.

the present application is described in further detail below with reference to specific examples, but the present application is not limited thereto.