阅读说明：本技术 一种改善血液流动的透析增强型血液透析器 (Dialysis-enhanced hemodialyzer capable of improving blood flow ) 是由 丁卫平 余红亮 沈依韧 杜坤 于 2019-09-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种改善血液流动的透析增强型血液透析器,包括：透析器外壳及中空纤维管束,透析器外壳上存在血液入口接口、血液出口接口、透析液入口接口及透析液出口接口,其特点在于：透析器两端血液出入口处分别增加一块多孔圆形分流片,用于改善血液在透析器内的流动模式,分流片通过一体的支柱固定在两端透析器的头部中,分流片上有尺寸相同且均匀分布的圆孔。解决了在进行血液透析时由于现有透析器的几何结构导致的血液流动不均匀问题,通过在透析器两端血液出入口处增加多孔圆形分流片改善血液流动,使其趋于均匀,进而提高透析器的透析效率。(The invention relates to a dialysis-enhanced hemodialyzer with improved blood flow, comprising: dialyzer shell and hollow fiber tube bank, there are blood entry interface, blood export interface, dislysate entry interface and dislysate export interface on the dialyzer shell, its characteristics lie in: a porous circular splitter plate is respectively added at the blood inlet and outlet at the two ends of the dialyzer and used for improving the flow mode of blood in the dialyzer, the splitter plates are fixed in the heads of the dialyzers at the two ends through integrated support columns, and round holes which are the same in size and are uniformly distributed are arranged on the splitter plates. The problem of when carrying out hemodialysis because the blood that leads to of the geometry of current cerini dialyser cerini flows inhomogeneous is solved, improves the blood flow through increasing porous circular splitter plate in cerini dialyser cerini both ends blood access & exit department, makes it tend to evenly, and then improves the dialysis efficiency of cerini dialyser cerini.)

1. A dialysis enhanced hemodialyzer for improving blood flow comprising: dialyzer shell and hollow fiber tube bank, there are blood entry interface, blood export interface, dislysate entry interface and dislysate export interface on the dialyzer shell, its characterized in that: a porous circular splitter plate is respectively added at the blood inlet and outlet at the two ends of the dialyzer and used for improving the flow mode of blood in the dialyzer, the splitter plates are fixed in the heads of the dialyzers at the two ends through integrated support columns, and round holes which are the same in size and are uniformly distributed are arranged on the splitter plates.

2. A dialysis enhanced hemodialyzer for improving blood flow according to claim 1 wherein: the circular splitter vane is made of a dialyzer shell material in an integrated mode, a plurality of cylindrical supports are arranged on the two sides of the splitter vane and fixed in a dialyzer end cover, and the splitter vane is fixed in the dialyzer end cover by screwing the dialyzer end cover.

3. A dialysis enhanced hemodialyzer for improving blood flow according to claim 1 wherein: the thickness of the circular splitter plate is 1-3mm, the surface is smooth, fluid flow is facilitated, and the material is non-toxic and the same as that of the outer shell.

4. A dialysis enhanced hemodialyzer for improving blood flow according to claim 1 wherein: the splitter vane is perpendicular to the direction of blood flow, and the center of the splitter vane is aligned with the center of the end face of the blood inlet.

5. A dialysis enhanced hemodialyzer for improving blood flow according to claim 1 wherein: the radius of the circular splitter plate is 5mm-12mm, and the radius of the round hole on the splitter plate is 0-2 mm.

6. A dialysis enhanced hemodialyzer for improving blood flow according to claim 1 wherein: the height of the support is 2mm-5mm, and the height is adjusted according to the radius of the splitter plate.

7. A dialysis enhanced hemodialyzer for improving blood flow according to claim 1 wherein: the pillars at two sides of the circular splitter plate are in one-to-one correspondence, and the heights of the pillars are consistent or inconsistent.

8. A dialysis enhanced hemodialyzer for improving blood flow according to claim 1 wherein: the porosity of the circular splitter is 0-0.5, the porosity is 0 when the radius of the round hole on the splitter is 0, and the splitter is a non-porous splitter at the moment.

Technical Field

the invention relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to a dialysis-enhanced hemodialyzer capable of improving blood flow.

Background

Hemodialysis is mainly used for treating patients with end-stage renal diseases, and the basic principle is as follows: the method comprises the following steps of (1) draining blood in a patient to the outside of the body, and performing substance exchange on the blood and electrolyte solution (dialysate) with similar organism concentration in a dialyzer consisting of thousands of hollow fiber tubes through diffusion, ultrafiltration, adsorption and convection principles inside and outside the hollow fiber tubes, so as to remove metabolic waste in the body and maintain the balance of electrolyte and acid and alkali; at the same time, the excess water in the body is removed, and the purified blood is returned to the human body. As an essential component in the hemodialysis process, the dialyzer determines the efficiency of hemodialysis.

The dialyzer consists of a shell and an inner hollow fiber tube, blood flows in the inner cavity of the hollow fiber tube, dialysate reversely flows through the area between the fiber tubes, and uremic solutes in the blood are conveyed to the dialysate side in a diffusion or convection mode and flow out of the body along with the dialysate. The efficiency of the dialyzer depends on the adequacy of the diffusion process between the blood and the dialysate. A mismatch between the blood flow profile and the dialysate flow profile can lead to the creation of ineffective mass transfer areas, reducing the degree of diffusion between the blood and dialysate, and thus leading to reduced toxin clearance. The blood flows into the hollow fiber tube cavity through the blood inlet at the head of the dialyzer and then flows out from the blood outlet at the tail of the dialysis column. The head structure of the blood inlet and outlet at the two ends of the dialyzer can influence the flow distribution of blood in the dialysis column.

Currently, the geometry of the dialyzer in the prior art causes blood in the central region of the dialyzer header to flow into the hollow fiber tubes earlier, which in turn causes the blood to be distributed in the hollow fiber tubes in a parabolic manner, and the flow rate of blood in the central region of the hollow fiber tube bundle inside the dialyzer is much greater than that in the peripheral region. The non-uniform flow of blood limits the improvement of dialysis efficiency and prolongs the dialysis time of the patient.

In order to improve the dialysis efficiency, studies have been made on the shape of the hollow fiber tube, the dialyzer shell geometry, and the like. Regarding the shape of the fiber tube, patent document 1, CN100531871C, discloses that the dialysis efficiency is improved by filling the fiber tube of the crimped sine structure into the dialyzer shell. However, due to the flexible property of the fiber tube and the influence of the dialysate channel flow, the fiber tube is easily deformed during dialysis, and it is difficult to maintain a curled sinusoidal structure. In addition, the fiber tube with the crimped sinusoidal structure is complex in assembly method, and the fiber tube is easy to deform in the process of packaging the fiber tube with the crimped sinusoidal structure into a circular shell. Regarding the structure of the dialyzer shell, patent document 2, CN108744102A, discloses increasing the internal filtration of the dialyzer and thus the efficiency of the dialyzer by adding a pressure reducing ring consisting of spherical protrusions and arc-shaped flow guiding plates on the inner wall of the dialyzer shell. On one hand, the method makes the structure of the dialyzer shell more complex, increases the processing difficulty and leads to the increase of the cost of the dialyzer. On the other hand, due to the blocking effect of the spherical protrusions, the flow distribution of the dialysate in the peripheral area of the fiber bundle near the inner wall of the housing may be affected, and the fiber tube in the area cannot be fully dialyzed, thereby causing the reduction of the dialysis efficiency in the area. In a word, the above documents make the structure of the dialyzer more complicated, increase the manufacturing difficulty, and increase the production cost of the dialyzer.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention solves the problems: overcome prior art's not enough, provide an improve blood mobile dialysis enhancement mode hemodialyzer, solved when carrying out hemodialysis because the inhomogeneous problem of blood flow that the geometry of current dialyzer leads to improves the blood flow through increasing porous circular splitter plate in dialyzer both ends blood access & exit department, makes it tend to evenly, and then improves the dialysis efficiency of dialyzer.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the defects of the prior art is as follows:

the utility model provides an improve blood flow's dialysis enhancement mode hemodialyzer, includes porous circular splitter plate, dialyzer shell and hollow fiber tube bank, wherein has blood entry interface, blood export interface, dislysate entry interface and dislysate export interface on the dialyzer shell, its characterized in that: the porous circular splitter plate is additionally arranged at the blood inlet and outlet at the two ends of the dialyzer respectively, the splitter plate is fixed in the heads of the dialyzer at the two ends through an integrated support, round holes with the same size and uniform distribution are formed in the splitter plate, and the circular splitter plate is used for improving the flow mode of blood in the dialyzer.

Specifically, the blood inlet interface is used for connecting a blood pipeline between a patient and a dialyzer, so that the blood of the patient is conveniently led into the dialyzer under the driving of a peristaltic pump; the blood outlet interface is used for connecting a blood pipeline between the dialyzer and the patient, so that the blood with toxin removed can be conveniently returned to the patient; the dialysate inlet interface is used for connecting a dialysate pipeline between the dialyzer and the dialysate container, so that clean dialysate can be conveniently introduced into the dialyzer under the drive of the peristaltic pump; the dialysate outlet interface is used for connecting a dialysate pipeline between the dialyzer and the dialysate waste liquid container, so that the dialysate waste liquid containing toxic substances can be conveniently discharged; the fiber tube is mostly a cylindrical hollow fiber tube, a large number of small holes are formed in the tube wall, and when blood flows through the inner cavity of the hollow fiber tube, toxic substances in the blood are conveyed to the outer cavity of the fiber tube through the small holes in the tube wall and flow out of the body along with dialysate; the above circular splitter vane is made of dialyzer shell material in one piece, and a plurality of cylindrical pillars are arranged on both sides of the splitter vane to fix the splitter vane in the dialyzer end cover.

the thickness of the circular splitter plate is 1-3mm, the surface is smooth, the flow of fluid is facilitated, and the material is non-toxic and the same as that of the outer shell.

The splitter plate is perpendicular to the blood flowing direction, and the center of the splitter plate is aligned with the center of the end face of the blood inlet. The blocking effect of the splitter vane can cause the backflow of partial blood, and the alignment of the splitter vane and the end face of the blood inlet can reduce the blocking effect of the splitter vane on the blood, relieve the backflow of the blood and be beneficial to improving the flow of the blood. The invention improves the efficiency of the dialyzer by changing the head structure of the dialyzer, thereby improving the efficiency of the dialyzer, and the processing and assembling process is simple.

the radius of the circular splitter plate is 5mm-12mm, and the radius of the circular hole on the splitter plate is 0.5mm-2 mm. The round hole on the splitter plate can reduce its barrier effect to blood, and blood can flow into the fiber tube through the round hole, is favorable to further improving the flow of blood. The invention improves the efficiency of the dialyzer by changing the head structure of the dialyzer, thereby improving the efficiency of the dialyzer, and the processing and assembling process is simple.

the height of the support column is 2mm-5 mm. Can be adjusted according to the radius of the splitter plate. When the radius of the splitter vane is larger, the height of the strut is smaller due to the limitation of the head structure of the dialyzer, and when the radius of the splitter vane is smaller, the height of the strut can be properly adjusted. Taking the dialyzer blood inlet head structure as an example, when the radius of the splitter vane is greater than 8.5mm, due to the limitation of the dialyzer head structure, the space on one side of the blood inlet is smaller, the splitter vane can only be fixed at the position close to one side of the fiber tube bundle, and when the radius of the splitter vane is less than or equal to 8.5mm, the splitter vane can be fixed at the position close to one side of the blood inlet, one side of the fiber tube bundle or the middle of the dialyzer head. When the splitter plate is fixed near fiber tube bank one side, fiber tube bank one side pillar height is less than 3.5mm, blood entry one side pillar height is greater than 3.5mm, when the splitter plate is fixed near blood entry one side, blood entry one side pillar height is less than 3.5mm, fiber tube bank one side pillar height is greater than 3.5mm, when the splitter plate is fixed at cerini dialyser cerini head intermediate position, both sides pillar height is 3.5 mm. When the radius and the porosity of the splitter plate are not changed, the positions of the splitter plate on the head of the dialyzer can be adjusted by changing the heights of the pillars on the two sides of the splitter plate, so that better dialysis efficiency is realized.

The pillars at two sides of the circular splitter plate are in one-to-one correspondence, and the heights of the pillars are consistent or inconsistent.

The porosity of the circular splitter is 0-0.5, the porosity is 0 when the radius of the round hole on the splitter is 0, and the splitter is a non-porous splitter at the moment.

in the use process, blood flows through the circular porous splitter plate at the blood inlet before flowing into the hollow fiber tube bundle, the blood flow velocity in the central area is reduced, the blood flow velocity in the peripheral area is increased, the unmatched flow between the blood and the dialysate is improved under the action of the circular splitter plate, the diffusion efficiency between the blood and the dialysate is improved, and the effect of improving the dialysis efficiency is achieved. The invention improves the efficiency of the dialyzer, does not introduce non-dialyzer manufacturing materials, fully ensures the safety and rationality of the dialyzer, and the splitter vane and the strut are made of the same material with the dialyzer shell body, can not fall off, and is safe and reliable to use. The round holes uniformly distributed are formed in the splitter plate, blood can enter the hollow fiber tube bundle through the round holes and can bypass the splitter plate and flow into the hollow fiber tube bundle from the periphery of the splitter plate, so that the speed loss of the blood is reduced, and the reduction of the blood flow speed caused by the blocking effect of the splitter plate is compensated.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

(1) The dialysis enhanced dialyzer changes the geometric structure of the dialyzer, increases the porous circular splitter plates at the two end heads of the dialyzer, improves the blood flowing mode in the dialyzer, increases the contact area between dialysate outside the dialyzer and blood, has reasonable design method, can improve the dialysis efficiency, has simple and convenient production method and simple assembly method, has negligible corresponding attached production cost, and is suitable for popularization and application.

(2) According to the invention, the porous circular splitter plates are added at the two end heads of the dialyzer to improve the blood flow, and the splitter plates are made of the same material as the dialyzer shell, so that the blood is not polluted.

(3) The cylindrical pillars are arranged on two sides of the porous circular splitter plate, and can be fixed in the end cover of the dialyzer.

(4) The invention can achieve the optimal dialysis effect by adjusting the radius of the splitter plate, the height of the strut and the porosity.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a porous circular splitter of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the assembly of the present invention to add a porous circular splitter plate to the dialyzer header;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dialyzer of the present invention;

FIG. 4 shows the blood velocity field distribution near the blood inlet without and with a splitter vane, respectively;

FIG. 5 shows the blood concentration profile and dialysate concentration profile without and with a splitter vane, respectively;

Figure 6 shows the toxin concentration and clearance at the blood outlet without and with the splitter vane, respectively.

In the figure: 1 is circular splitter, 2 is circular splitter pillar, 3 is the cerini dialyser cerini end cover, 4 is the cerini dialyser cerini shell, and 5 is the hollow fiber pipe.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.