阅读说明：本技术 金属基复合材料连续搅拌摩擦挤压生产方法及其生产装置 (Continuous stirring friction extrusion production method and production device for metal matrix composite ) 是由 裴久杨 于 2019-10-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种金属基复合材料连续搅拌摩擦挤压生产方法及其生产装置,在经过矫直的基体金属杆料上加工凹槽并向凹槽中添加增强体,利用压料轮将复合坯料压入挤压轮的环形沟槽并夹紧,由挤压轮的旋转带动坯料向搅拌头运动,利用搅拌头的旋转对压料轮和模腔之间环形沟槽内的坯料进行至少一次搅拌摩擦加工,经过搅拌的坯料受到挡料块的阻挡后改变流动方向,由模具的内孔挤出,形成连续大长度的金属基复合材料型线材产品。(the invention provides a continuous friction stir extrusion production method of a metal matrix composite material and a production device thereof, wherein a groove is processed on a straightened matrix metal rod material, a reinforcing body is added into the groove, a material pressing wheel is used for pressing a composite blank into an annular groove of an extrusion wheel and clamping the composite blank, the rotation of the extrusion wheel drives the blank to move towards a stirring head, the rotation of the stirring head is used for carrying out at least one time of friction stir processing on the blank in the annular groove between the material pressing wheel and a die cavity, the flow direction of the stirred blank is changed after the stirred blank is blocked by a material blocking block, and the blank is extruded from an inner hole of the die to form a continuous long metal matrix composite material type wire rod product.)

1. The continuous stirring friction extrusion production method of the metal matrix composite material is characterized in that,

The method comprises the following steps:

step one, straightening a metal rod material through a straightening device;

Step two, slotting the straightened metal rod material;

Adding a reinforcement into the grooved metal rod material;

step four, the material pressing wheel is matched with the extrusion wheel to tightly press the reinforcement body in the groove of the metal rod material;

Fifthly, continuously feeding materials by matching the material pressing wheel and the extrusion wheel;

Step six, performing friction stir processing by at least one stirring head, wherein the working end of the stirring head is positioned on the feeding stroke of the extrusion wheel;

seventhly, finally sending the stirred blank into an inner hole of an extrusion die arranged in a die cavity at the tail end of the feeding stroke for final extrusion discharging;

and step eight, cooling the metal matrix composite material type wire extruded by the extrusion die.

2. The continuous friction stir extrusion process of claim 1, wherein:

In the working process, the inside of the extrusion wheel and the die cavity are forcibly cooled by adopting a cooling medium.

3. The continuous friction stir extrusion process of claim 1, wherein:

and cooling in the step eight is cooling by spraying a cooling medium.

4. The production apparatus for continuous friction stir extrusion of a metal matrix composite according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein,

the method comprises the following steps: the device comprises a rack (21), a stirring device (22) fixed on the rack, an extrusion wheel (23) freely rotatably assembled on the feeding side of the rack (21), a shoe base (24) fixedly assembled on the discharging side of the extrusion wheel (23), a mold cavity (25) fixed in the shoe base (24), an extrusion mold (27) fixed in the discharging cavity of the mold cavity (25) and a pressing wheel (29) matched with the extrusion wheel (23) for pressing;

The pressing wheel (29) is positioned on the feeding side of the blank (20), the rolled metal rod material is embedded into a groove (232) of the extrusion wheel (23), the rotation of the extrusion wheel (23) is continuous feeding power, and the included angle alpha between the central connecting line of the pressing wheel (29) and the extrusion wheel (23) and the extrusion direction of the product is 90-180 degrees;

the stirring device (22) is arranged on the rack (21), a stirring head (26) of the stirring device extends into a groove (232) of the extrusion wheel (23) in the front stroke of the feeding hole of the die cavity (25), and the included angle between the stirring head and the surface of the groove (232) is 80-90 degrees;

the die cavity (25) is arranged at the tail end of the feeding stroke of the extrusion wheel (23), the inlet of the discharging cavity of the die cavity (25) is connected with the tail end of the feeding stroke of the extrusion wheel (23), and the extrusion die (27) is assembled at the outlet of the discharging cavity of the die cavity (25) for extrusion discharging.

5. the continuous friction stir extrusion apparatus for producing metal matrix composites as claimed in claim 4, wherein:

the extrusion wheel (23) is a circular ring-shaped part, an annular groove (232) is formed in the outer circumferential surface of the extrusion wheel, through holes (231) parallel to the axis are formed in the end face of the extrusion wheel, and the through holes (231) are annularly and uniformly distributed by taking the axis of the extrusion wheel (23) as the center; the annular groove (232) is of a necking structure, namely the size W of the position with the largest width is larger than the size L of the width of the opening, and the difference value of the two sizes is 1-6 mm.

6. The continuous friction stir extrusion apparatus for producing metal matrix composites as claimed in claim 4, wherein:

the center of the die cavity (25) is provided with a through hole (251), the end surface adjacent to the extrusion wheel (23) is an arc surface (252), the arc surface (252) is provided with a material blocking block (253) and a sinking groove (254), and at least one side surface of the sinking groove (254) is a plane and is flush with the end surface (255) of the material blocking block (253); the cambered surface (252) is matched with the outer circumferential surface of the extrusion wheel, the material blocking block (253) extends into the groove (232) of the extrusion wheel (23), the shape of the end surface (255) is consistent with the section shape of the stirring area (30) where the stirring head (26) is located, and the size of the end surface is smaller than or equal to that of the stirring area; the end face of the opposite side of the cambered surface (252) is provided with holes (256), the inner wall of the through hole (251) is provided with uniform distribution holes (257), the holes (256) are communicated with the uniform distribution holes (257), and a cooling medium (28) enters from the holes (256) and is sprayed out from the uniform distribution holes (257) to be directly sprayed on the finished wire rods.

7. The continuous friction stir extrusion apparatus for producing metal matrix composites according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein:

The diameter D of the shaft shoulder of the stirring head (26) is smaller than the opening width L of the groove (232) of the extrusion wheel (23), and the difference value of the diameter D and the opening width L is 0.5-4 mm.

8. The continuous friction stir extrusion apparatus for producing metal matrix composites as claimed in claim 6, wherein:

The upper end face and the lower end face of the extrusion die (27) are parallel, the center of the extrusion die is provided with a shaped hole, the shape of the extrusion die is the same as that of the sinking groove (254), and the extrusion die and the sinking groove are in transition fit.

Technical Field

the invention relates to the technical field of advanced manufacturing, in particular to a method and equipment for processing a large-length ultrafine-grained metal matrix composite material and a wire.

Background

with the continuous progress of nanotechnology and the urgent need of light weight, the research and application fields of nano reinforcement reinforced light alloy composite materials are gradually expanded. At present, research on a nano reinforcement reinforced light alloy composite material mainly focuses on improving the dispersibility, interface combination and the like of a reinforcement, and has little attention on light metal matrix tissues, and a metal matrix is refined into an ultrafine grain or nanocrystalline tissue by using deformation methods such as equal channel Extrusion (ECAP), High Pressure Torsion (HPT), Friction Stir (FSP), high reduction controlled rolling and the like, so that a composite material taking a nano material as a reinforcement and an ultrafine grain or nanocrystalline light metal as a matrix is developed, and the development of a light metal matrix composite material with high temperature superplasticity and room temperature high strength is expected. In recent years, Friction Stir Processing (FSP) has attracted more and more attention, and compared with ultrafine grain materials prepared by other SPDs, FSP ultrafine grain materials have uniform and stable structure and excellent mechanical properties, and the method can be applied to prepare metal matrix composite materials. There is no ideal solution for the preparation of long-length metal-based composite material and wire rod with ultra-fine crystal grains, uniform and stable structure and excellent mechanical property.

disclosure of Invention

in view of the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a Continuous Friction Stir Extrusion (CFSE), which is a processing method combining Friction Stir Processing (FSP) and Continuous Extrusion (Continuous Extrusion), for preparing an ultra-fine grain metal-based composite material with refined grains and uniform and stable structure.

The technical means adopted by the invention are as follows:

The continuous stirring friction extrusion production method of the metal matrix composite material comprises the following steps:

Step one, straightening a metal rod material through a straightening device;

step two, slotting the straightened metal rod material;

adding a reinforcement into the grooved metal rod material;

Step four, the material pressing wheel is matched with the extrusion wheel to tightly press the reinforcement body in the groove of the metal rod material;

Fifthly, continuously feeding materials by matching the material pressing wheel and the extrusion wheel;

Step six, performing friction stir processing by at least one stirring head, wherein the working end of the stirring head is positioned on the feeding stroke of the extrusion wheel;

seventhly, finally sending the stirred blank into an inner hole of an extrusion die arranged in a die cavity at the tail end of the feeding stroke for final extrusion discharging;

and step eight, cooling the metal matrix composite material type wire extruded by the extrusion die.

further, in the above-mentioned case,

in the working process, the inside of the extrusion wheel and the die cavity are forcibly cooled by adopting a cooling medium.

Further, in the above-mentioned case,

and cooling in the step eight is cooling by spraying a cooling medium.

the production device of the continuous stirring friction extrusion production method of the metal matrix composite material comprises the following steps: the device comprises a rack, a stirring device fixed on the rack, an extrusion wheel freely rotatably assembled on the feeding side of the rack, a shoe base fixedly assembled on the discharging side of the extrusion wheel, a die cavity fixed in the shoe base, an extrusion die fixed in the discharging cavity of the die cavity and a pressing wheel matched with the extrusion wheel for pressing;

The pressing wheel is positioned on the feeding side of the blank, the extruded metal rod is embedded into the groove of the extrusion wheel, the rolling of the extrusion wheel is the continuous feeding power, and the included angle alpha between the central connecting line of the pressing wheel and the extrusion direction of the product is between 90 and 180 degrees;

the stirring device is arranged on the frame, and a stirring head of the stirring device extends into a groove of the extrusion wheel in the stroke in front of the feeding hole of the die cavity, and the included angle between the stirring head of the stirring device and the surface of the groove wheel groove is 80-90 degrees;

The die cavity is arranged at the tail end of the feeding stroke of the extrusion wheel, the inlet of the discharging cavity of the die cavity is connected with the tail end of the feeding stroke of the extrusion wheel, and the extrusion die is assembled at the outlet of the discharging cavity of the die cavity to extrude and discharge.

Furthermore, the extrusion wheel is a circular ring-shaped part, the outer circumferential surface of the extrusion wheel is provided with an annular groove, the end surface of the extrusion wheel is provided with through holes parallel to the axis, and the through holes are uniformly distributed in a ring shape by taking the axis of the extrusion wheel as the center; the annular groove is of a necking structure, namely the size W of the maximum width position is larger than the size L of the opening width, and the difference value of the two sizes is 1-6 mm.

Further, in the above-mentioned case,

The center of the die cavity is provided with a through hole, the end surface close to the extrusion wheel is an arc surface, the arc surface is provided with a material blocking block and a sink groove, and at least one side surface of the sink groove is a plane and is flush with the end surface of the material blocking block; the cambered surface is matched with the outer circumferential surface of the extrusion wheel, the material blocking block extends into a groove of the extrusion wheel, the shape of the end surface is consistent with the shape of the section of a stirring area where the stirring head is located, and the size of the end surface is smaller than or equal to the size of the stirring area; the end face opposite to the cambered surface is provided with holes, the inner wall of the through hole is provided with uniformly distributed holes, the holes are communicated with the uniformly distributed holes, and a cooling medium enters from the holes, is sprayed out from the uniformly distributed holes and is directly sprayed on a finished blank.

Further, in the above-mentioned case,

the diameter D of the shaft shoulder of the stirring head is smaller than the opening width L of the groove of the extrusion wheel, and the difference value of the diameter D and the opening width L is 0.5-4 mm.

Further, in the above-mentioned case,

the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the extrusion die are parallel, the center of the extrusion die is provided with a shaped hole, the shape of the shaped hole is the same as that of the sinking groove, and the extrusion die and the sinking groove are in transition fit.

According to the technical scheme, the groove is machined in the straightened base metal rod material, the reinforcing body is added into the groove, the rod material is pressed into the annular groove by the pressing wheel and clamped tightly, the blank is driven to move towards the stirring head by the rotation of the extrusion wheel, the blank in the annular groove between the pressing wheel and the die cavity is subjected to at least one stirring friction machining by the rotation of the stirring head, the flow direction of the stirred blank is changed after the stirring blank is blocked by the blocking block, and the blank is extruded from the inner hole of the die to form a continuous long metal-based composite material wire rod product.

compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. the invention can be used for preparing the metal matrix composite material which has refined crystal grains and uniform and stable structure and takes the ultrafine crystal metal as a matrix and the nano particles as a reinforcing phase.

2. cooling medium is introduced into the extrusion wheel and the die cavity, and the temperature of the stirring area and the extrusion area can be controlled through the flow of the cooling medium, so that the size of crystal grains is controlled.

3. the necking structure of the extrusion wheel groove can effectively clamp the composite blank, and the stability of the stirring processing process is ensured.

4. The continuous feeding is realized by the rotation of the extrusion wheel, and the long composite material type wire rod can be produced.

5. Through two strong shearing deformations of stirring friction processing and continuous extrusion, the crystal grains are refined, and the reinforcing bodies are uniformly distributed.

6. The shape of the product does not depend on raw materials, and continuous extrusion of metal matrix composite products with different shapes and specifications can be realized by replacing the die.

drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall production line structure of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a production apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged view of the working area of the mixing head of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a partial enlarged sectional view of the mold cavity structure of the present invention.

fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the extrusion wheel of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the extrusion wheel groove of the present invention.

fig. 7 is a schematic perspective view of an extrusion die according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic axial-view perspective view of a mold cavity according to the present invention.

fig. 9 is a schematic perspective view of the other axial side view of fig. 8.

In the figure: 21. a frame; 22. a stirring device; 23. an extrusion wheel; 231. a through hole; 232. a trench; 24. A boot base; 25. a mold cavity; 251. a through hole; 252. a cambered surface; 253. a material blocking block; 254. sinking a groove; 255. An end face; 256. an aperture; 257. uniformly distributing holes; 26. a stirring head; 27. extruding the die; 28. a cooling medium; 29. a material pressing wheel; 30. a stirring zone; 31. a metal matrix composite type wire; 32. a straightening unit; 33. milling cutters; 34. and (4) a hopper.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. Any specific values in all examples shown and discussed herein are to be construed as exemplary only and not as limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.

in the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the directional terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are used for convenience of description and simplicity of description only, and in the absence of any contrary indication, these directional terms are not intended to indicate and imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention: the terms "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the respective component itself.

Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

it should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to define the components, and are only used for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meanings unless otherwise stated, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited.

As shown in fig. 1, the continuous friction stir extrusion production method of the metal matrix composite comprises the following steps:

Step one, straightening a metal rod material through a straightening device;

step two, slotting the straightened metal rod material;

step three, injecting a reinforcement into the grooved metal rod material groove;

Step four, the material pressing wheel is matched with the extrusion wheel to tightly press the reinforcement body in the groove of the metal rod material;

Fifthly, continuously feeding materials by matching the material pressing wheel and the extrusion wheel;

Step six, performing friction stir processing by at least one stirring head, wherein the working end of the stirring head is positioned on the feeding stroke of the extrusion wheel;

seventhly, finally sending the stirred blank into an inner hole of an extrusion die arranged in a die cavity at the tail end of the feeding stroke for final extrusion discharging;

and step eight, cooling the metal matrix composite material type wire extruded by the extrusion die.

further, in the above-mentioned case,

in the working process, the inside of the extrusion wheel and the die cavity are forcibly cooled by adopting a cooling medium.

further, in the above-mentioned case,

and cooling in the step eight is cooling by spraying a cooling medium.

as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the production apparatus of the continuous friction stir extrusion production method of metal matrix composite material comprises: the device comprises a frame 21, a stirring device 22 fixed on the frame, an extrusion wheel 23 freely rotatably assembled on the feeding side of the frame 21, a shoe 24 fixedly assembled on the discharging side of the extrusion wheel 23, a die cavity 25 fixed in the shoe 24, an extrusion die 27 fixed in the discharging cavity of the die cavity 25 and a material pressing wheel 29 matched with the extrusion wheel 23 for pressing;

the material pressing wheel 29 is positioned at the feeding side of the blank 20, the extruded metal rod material is embedded in the groove 232 of the extrusion wheel 23, the rolling of the extrusion wheel 23 is the continuous feeding power, and the included angle alpha between the central connecting line of the material pressing wheel 29 and the extrusion wheel 23 and the extrusion direction of the product is between 90 and 180 degrees;

The stirring device 22 is arranged on the frame 21, and a stirring head 26 of the stirring device extends into a groove 232 of the extrusion wheel 23 positioned in the front stroke of the feeding hole of the die cavity 25 and forms an included angle with the surface of a wheel groove of the groove 232;

The die cavity 25 is arranged at the tail end of the feeding stroke of the extrusion wheel 23, the inlet of the discharging cavity of the die cavity 25 is connected with the tail end of the feeding stroke of the extrusion wheel 23, and the extrusion die 27 is assembled at the outlet of the discharging cavity of the die cavity 25 for extrusion discharging. Within the range of 80-90 degrees.

Further, as shown in fig. 5 and 6,

the extrusion wheel 23 is a circular ring-shaped part, the outer circumferential surface is provided with an annular groove 232, the end surface is provided with a through hole 231 parallel to the axis, and the through holes 231 are uniformly distributed in a ring shape by taking the axis of the extrusion wheel 23 as the center; the annular groove 232 is of a necking structure, namely the size W of the maximum width position is larger than the size L of the opening width, and the difference value of the two sizes is 1-6 mm.

further, as shown in FIGS. 4, 8 and 9,

A through hole 251 is formed in the center of the die cavity 25, the section adjacent to the extrusion wheel 23 is an arc surface 252, a material blocking block 253 and a sinking groove 254 are arranged on the arc surface 252, and at least one side surface of the sinking groove 254 is a plane and is flush with the end surface 255 of the material blocking block 253; the cambered surface 252 is matched with the outer circumferential surface of the extrusion wheel, the material stop block 253 extends into the groove 232 of the extrusion wheel 23, the shape of the end surface 255 is consistent with the cross section of the stirring area 30 where the stirring head 26 is located, and the size of the end surface is smaller than or equal to the size of the stirring area; the end face on the opposite side of the cambered surface 252 is provided with holes 256, the inner wall of the through hole 251 is provided with uniformly distributed holes 257, the holes 256 are communicated with the uniformly distributed holes 257, and the cooling medium 28 enters from the holes 256, is sprayed out from the uniformly distributed holes 257 and is directly sprayed on a finished blank.

Further, as shown in fig. 3,

The diameter D of the shaft shoulder of the stirring head 26 is smaller than the opening width L of the groove 232 of the extrusion wheel 23, and the difference value of the diameter D and the opening width L is 0.5-4 mm.

Further, as shown in fig. 7,

The upper and lower end faces of the extrusion die 27 are parallel, the center is provided with a shaped hole, the shape of the shaped hole is the same as that of the sinking groove 254, and the two are in transition fit.

According to the invention adopting the technical scheme, the groove is processed on the straightened base metal rod material 20, the reinforcing body is added into the groove, the rod material 20 is pressed into the annular groove 232 and clamped by the pressure wheel 29, the rotation of the extrusion wheel 23 drives the blank to move towards the stirring head 26, the blank in the annular groove 232 between the pressure wheel 29 and the die cavity 25 is subjected to at least one stirring friction processing by the rotation of the stirring head 26, the flow direction of the stirred blank is changed after the stirring of the blank is blocked by the material blocking block 253, and the blank is extruded from the inner hole of the extrusion die 27 to form the continuous long metal-based composite material type wire rod product 31.