阅读说明：本技术 具有多个电池单池的电池单元和这种电池单元的应用 (Battery cell having a plurality of battery cells and use of such a battery cell ) 是由 A.西格特 S.克里斯勒 于 2019-06-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种具有多个电池单池(2)的电池单元,所述电池单池完全容纳在电池单元(1)的壳体(3)中,壳体构造用于多个电池单池(2)的热隔绝,其中壳体(3)的第一壳体壁(31)构造为真空隔绝板元件(310),并且壳体(3)的第二壳体壁(32)构造为得到支撑的真空隔绝元件(320)。(The invention relates to a battery unit having a plurality of battery cells (2) which are completely accommodated in a housing (3) of the battery unit (1), which housing is designed for the thermal insulation of the plurality of battery cells (2), wherein a first housing wall (31) of the housing (3) is designed as a vacuum insulation plate element (310) and a second housing wall (32) of the housing (3) is designed as a supported vacuum insulation element (320).)

1. A battery unit having a plurality of battery cells (2) which are completely accommodated in a housing (3) of the battery unit (1), said housing being designed for thermal insulation of the plurality of battery cells (2),

Characterized in that the first housing wall (31) of the housing (3) is configured as a vacuum insulation plate element (310) and the second housing wall (32) of the housing (3) is configured as a supported vacuum insulation element (320).

2. The battery cell of claim 1, wherein the vacuum insulation plate member (310) comprises an outer cover (311) constructed of aluminum having a wall thickness (312) of less than 200 microns.

3. The battery cell according to claim 2, characterized in that the envelope (311) of the vacuum insulation plate element (310) is constructed as a film (313) or comprises evaporated aluminum (314).

4. The battery cell according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the supported vacuum insulation element (320) comprises an outer cover (321) constructed of stainless steel having a wall thickness (322) of between 0.5 and 1 mm.

5. The battery unit according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the supported vacuum insulation element (320) is furthermore configured for fastening on a vehicle, or in that the supported vacuum insulation element (320) comprises a retaining element (325) which is configured for fastening the battery unit (1) on a vehicle.

6. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the plurality of battery cells (2) are each of prismatic design.

7. The battery unit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the first housing wall (31) configured as a vacuum insulation plate element (310) is arranged on the largest side (21) jointly configured by a plurality of battery cells (2) or on the largest side (22) of a battery cell (2).

8. The battery unit according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the second housing wall (32) of the vacuum insulation element (320) configured to be supported is arranged on the smallest side (23) which is jointly configured by a plurality of battery cells (2).

9. The battery unit according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the housing (3) comprises a plurality of first housing walls (31) and a plurality of second housing walls (32), respectively.

10. The battery unit according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the battery cells (2) are each configured as an average temperature battery cell (20).

11. The battery unit according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the battery unit (1) is a battery module or a battery pack.

12. Use of a battery unit according to any of claims 1-11, characterized in that the battery cell (2) is operated at a temperature of 50 ℃ to 80 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a battery unit having a plurality of battery cells of the type according to the independent claim.

The invention also relates to the use of such a battery cell.

Background

As is known from the prior art, a battery module can be formed from a plurality of individual battery cells, which can be connected to one another in an electrically conductive manner in series and/or in parallel.

Further, a plurality of battery modules are arranged together as a unit of an upper stage, i.e., a battery pack.

Such a battery pack may also include additional components, such as a battery management system or a thermal management system.

In particular the battery cell with solid electrolyte, is operated in an operating temperature having a value in the range between 50 ℃ and 80 ℃. In order to obtain optimum power in such cells with solid electrolyte, which are also referred to as average temperature cells, they should be insulated or heated accordingly in order to achieve an operating temperature of 50 ℃ to 80 ℃.

For this purpose, it is known from the prior art that the battery module or the battery pack can furthermore have a thermally insulating structure or an external heating element or an external cooling element, which can be arranged in the plane of the battery pack or also in the plane of the battery module.

In particular, a correspondingly designed insulation is advantageous in order to achieve operating temperatures of between 50 ℃ and 80 ℃.

Disclosure of Invention

The battery cell having the features of the independent claim has the advantage that a reliably thermally insulated battery cell can be provided, which in particular also has a small or minimal number of thermal bridges to the surroundings of the battery cell.

For this purpose, a battery unit having a plurality of battery cells is provided.

The plurality of battery cells is completely accommodated in the housing of the battery unit.

The housing of the battery unit is designed for thermal insulation of a plurality of battery cells.

According to the invention, the first housing wall of the housing is designed as a vacuum insulation plate element and the second housing wall of the housing is designed as a supported vacuum insulation element.

Advantageous embodiments and refinements of the device specified in the independent claims are possible by the measures mentioned in the dependent claims.

the housing of a battery cell, which housing comprises thermal insulation, generally has the disadvantage that the largest part of the heat is transferred from the housing interior to the surroundings via the purely insulating surface, and the second largest part of the heat is transferred from the housing interior to the surroundings via mechanical and/or electrical guides.

In this case, with the battery cell according to the invention it is possible to provide reliable insulation by combining a first housing wall designed as a vacuum insulation plate element and a second housing wall designed as a supported vacuum insulation element.

In this case, a vacuum insulation panel element is to be understood as an insulation element and in particular an insulation panel element, in the interior of which a vacuum is arranged, so that a comparatively high insulation effect can be achieved.

The vacuum insulation panel element comprises in particular a core and a cover surrounding the core and often additionally a so-called getter.

The core is usually constructed as a porous or loose material and serves as a support for the vacuum and may be constructed, for example, as open-cell plastic foam, a microfibrous material, perlite (Perlit) or fumed silica (pyrogene Kiesels ä ure).

The housing furthermore serves to prevent gases from being able to enter the vacuum insulation plate element, thus maintaining the vacuum, and can be constructed, for example, as an aluminum composite film, a metallized plastic film or evaporated aluminum.

The getter can be constructed as an additional component and serves to combine hydrogen or other gas molecules so that a vacuum can be maintained.

In this case, a supported vacuum insulation element is to be understood as an insulating element and in particular an insulating plate element, in the interior of which a vacuum is arranged, so that a comparatively high insulating effect can be achieved.

such a supported vacuum insulation element comprises in particular a core and a casing surrounding the core.

It is possible here that the core, such as the vacuum insulation plate element, also comprises such a mentioned filling substance.

The housing is configured here for maintaining a vacuum.

In contrast to the vacuum insulation panel element, the supported vacuum insulation panel element is constructed in such a way that it is mechanically stable.

For this purpose, the housing can be constructed, for example, from a mechanically comparatively stable substance, or the supported vacuum insulation element can furthermore comprise additional mechanical support elements.

The supported vacuum insulation element can be constructed, for example, from two half-shells, which are connected to one another by the formation of a vacuum.

In this case, it is stated to this end that the vacuum insulation plate element has the advantage that such an element can have a comparatively small weight and a comparatively small wall thickness.

As a result, the vacuum insulation panel elements in particular only form comparatively small thermal bridges.

Vacuum insulation panel elements are usually not mechanically loadable, so that mechanical guides for holding elements are required in order to connect the battery unit, for example, with the bottom of the vehicle, thereby forming an additional thermal bridge.

In this case, it is stated for this purpose that the supported vacuum insulation element has the advantage that it is comparatively mechanically loadable.

The supported vacuum insulation element furthermore has the advantage that, for example, mechanical guides, which are held, for example, on a vehicle, can be dispensed with, since the insulation element itself is mechanically loadable and can therefore be clamped against the floor of the vehicle.

The supported vacuum insulation element generally has a higher weight than the vacuum insulation plate element and is also relatively expensive.

The battery unit according to the present invention having the vacuum insulation plate member and the supported vacuum insulation member can thus overcome the respective disadvantages and combine the advantages.

In particular, the weight of the battery cell can be reduced and the insulating effect can be improved.

Advantageously, the vacuum insulation plate element comprises an outer envelope constructed of aluminum and having a wall thickness of less than 200 microns.

For example, the outer envelope of the vacuum insulation plate element can be constructed here from a composite of aluminum films and has a wall thickness of in particular 100 μm.

Preferably, the envelope of the vacuum insulation panel element is configured as a membrane.

It is also possible for the vacuum insulation plate element to be constructed with aluminum by evaporation or coating.

It is thereby advantageously possible to form a vacuum insulation panel element which forms only a comparatively small thermal bridge between the battery cells inside the housing and the surroundings of the battery cells.

Suitably, the supported vacuum insulation element comprises a housing constructed of stainless steel having a wall thickness of between 0.5 mm and 1 mm.

It is thereby reliably possible to construct a mechanically stable supported vacuum insulation element.

According to an advantageous aspect of the invention, the supported vacuum insulation element can furthermore be designed for fastening to a vehicle.

Furthermore, the supported vacuum insulation element may also comprise a retaining element, which is configured for fastening on the vehicle.

It is thereby possible to dispense with guides for the holding elements through the respective insulating element as far as possible.

It is possible here, for example, that the battery unit can be connected to the floor of the vehicle.

The plurality of battery cells is expediently each of prismatic design.

The prismatic construction of the battery cells offers the advantage that the battery cells can be arranged relatively compactly and compactly.

Preferably, the prismatic battery cells are arranged adjacent to one another in the longitudinal direction of the battery unit.

Furthermore, it is also possible to design the battery cells as so-called pocket cells (Beutelzellen), which may also be referred to in the english language as "pouch-Zellen".

Preferably, the pouch cells are arranged adjacent to one another in the longitudinal direction of the battery unit.

Expediently, the first housing wall, which is designed as a vacuum insulation plate element, is arranged on the largest side which is jointly designed from a plurality of battery cells.

This offers the advantage that the largest side, which is formed jointly by a plurality of battery cells, can be reliably insulated, as a result of which comparatively little heat is transferred to the surroundings via this largest side.

It is also expedient if the first housing wall, which is designed as a vacuum insulation plate element, is arranged on the largest side of the battery cell.

This arrangement is advantageous, for example, if a plurality of battery cells are arranged adjacent to one another in the longitudinal direction of the battery unit with their largest side faces, respectively, so that comparatively little heat is transferred to the surroundings via these largest side faces of the battery cells.

Advantageously, the second housing wall of the vacuum insulation element, which is designed to be supported, is arranged on the smallest side face, which is jointly designed by a plurality of battery cells.

This provides the advantage that the supported vacuum insulation element can be placed on as small a side as possible, whereby heat losses can be reduced.

In other words, this means that, as far as possible, a supported vacuum insulation element is arranged on the smallest side of the battery cell structure, which is formed jointly by several battery cells or also by only one battery cell, in order to connect the battery unit, for example, to a vehicle, and a vacuum insulation plate element is arranged on the remaining side in order to provide sufficient insulation.

This has the advantage, inter alia, that correspondingly larger or largest sides can be covered with comparatively light vacuum insulation plate elements.

Expediently, the housing comprises a plurality of first housing walls and a plurality of second housing walls, respectively, in order to ensure reliable insulation and at the same time also enable a mechanical connection, for example, to a vehicle.

The battery cells can be designed as a battery module.

The battery module comprises a plurality of battery cells which are electrically connected in series and/or in parallel with one another.

Furthermore, the battery unit may also be configured as a battery pack. The battery pack here comprises a plurality of battery modules which are connected to one another in an electrically conductive manner and optionally a monitoring and control system or also a temperature control system.

According to a particularly preferred aspect of the invention, the battery cells are each designed as average-temperature battery cells. The average-temperature battery cell usually comprises a solid electrolyte and, as already described at the outset, has an optimum operating temperature of between 50 ℃ and 80 ℃.

With the battery unit according to the invention, it is possible for the average-temperature battery cell to be operated in an optimum temperature range.

The subject matter of the invention is also the use of the battery unit just described, in which the battery cells are operated at a temperature of 50 ℃ to 80 ℃.

Drawings

Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and set forth in detail in the description that follows. Wherein:

Fig. 1 schematically shows an embodiment of a battery cell according to the invention in an exploded view.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 schematically shows an embodiment of a battery cell 1 according to the invention in an exploded view.

The battery unit 1 has a plurality of battery cells 2, which are shown together in fig. 1 as a cuboid for the sake of simplified illustration. The battery cell 2 is preferably designed as an average temperature battery cell 20.

In this case, it is seen in particular that, when the battery unit 1 is in the form of a battery module, the cuboid can in this case describe a plurality of battery cells 2 which are connected to one another in an electrically conductive manner, on the one hand, or the cuboid can in this case also describe a plurality of battery modules which are connected to one another in an electrically conductive manner and each have a plurality of battery cells 2.

Furthermore, the battery unit 1 has a housing 3.

The plurality of battery cells 2 is completely accommodated in the housing 3 of the battery unit 1.

The housing 3 of the battery unit 1 is designed for thermal insulation of a plurality of battery cells 2.

To this end, the housing 3 of the battery unit 1 includes a first housing wall 31 configured as a vacuum insulation plate member 310.

Furthermore, the housing 3 of the battery unit 1 comprises for this purpose a second housing wall 32, which is designed as a supported vacuum insulation element 320.

For this purpose, fig. 1 shows that the housing 3 comprises a plurality of first housing walls 31 and a plurality of second housing walls 32.

The vacuum insulation plate element 310 here comprises in particular an outer envelope 311 constructed from aluminum.

The outer jacket 311 here has a wall thickness 312 of less than 200 μm. Further, the outer cover 311 of the vacuum insulation plate member 310 may be configured as a film 313 or include evaporated (aufgedampft) aluminum 314.

Preferably, the supported vacuum insulation element 320 here comprises an outer envelope 321 constructed from stainless steel.

The outer jacket 321 here has a wall thickness 322 of between 0.5 mm and 1 mm.

As can be seen from fig. 1, the supported vacuum insulation element 320 can be designed for fastening to a vehicle, wherein in the exemplary embodiment according to fig. 1 the supported vacuum insulation element 320 can comprise a retaining element 325 for this purpose, which retaining element is designed for fastening the battery unit 1 to a vehicle.

Fig. 1 also shows that the first housing wall 31, which is designed as a vacuum insulation plate element 310, is arranged on the largest side 21 jointly formed by a plurality of battery cells 2.

Furthermore, vacuum insulation plate elements 310 can also be arranged on the largest side 22 of the individual battery cells 2.

In this case, the figure also shows, in particular, that the second housing wall 32 of the vacuum insulation element 320, which is designed to be supported, is arranged on the smallest side 23, which is jointly designed from a plurality of battery cells 2. The smallest side 23 can also be formed, for example, by only one battery cell 2.