阅读说明：本技术 借助使用反应性粉末的增材制造法制造产品的方法及其产品 (Method for manufacturing a product by means of an additive manufacturing method using reactive powders and product thereof ) 是由 D.阿克滕 T.比斯根 T.法伊克 B.梅特曼 J.比希纳 H-J.拉斯 刘婷 于 2018-05-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：描述了由至少一种第一粉状材料借助粉末基增材制造法制造三维物体的方法,其中所述至少一种第一粉状材料包含至少一种具有第一反应性基团a)的第一化合物,其中所述第一反应性基团a)选自异氰酸酯基团、封闭型异氰酸酯基团或其混合物。还描述了根据本发明方法制成的部件以及适用于本发明方法的粉状材料。(A method for manufacturing a three-dimensional object by means of a powder-based additive manufacturing method from at least one first powdery material is described, wherein the at least one first powdery material comprises at least one first compound having a first reactive group a), wherein the first reactive group a) is selected from isocyanate groups, blocked isocyanate groups or mixtures thereof. Parts made according to the method of the invention and powdered materials suitable for use in the method of the invention are also described.)

1. Method for manufacturing a three-dimensional object from at least one first powdery material by means of a powder-based additive manufacturing method, wherein the at least one first powdery material comprises at least one first compound having a first reactive group a), wherein the first reactive group a) is selected from an isocyanate group, a blocked isocyanate group or a mixture thereof.

2. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises at least the following steps:

i. providing at least a first powdered material on at least a portion of the surface, wherein the at least first powdered material comprises at least one first compound having at least one first reactive group a) and optionally at least one further reactive group b);

Optionally treating at least a portion of the first powdered material;

optionally applying a further powdered material, wherein the further powdered material comprises a further compound, wherein the further compound optionally comprises a reactive group a) and/or optionally at least one further reactive group b);

Treating at least a portion of the powdered material applied in step i.

v. repeating steps i.through iv. at least three times with the first powdered material and/or the other powdered material to obtain a three-dimensional object;

Optionally thermally or chemically post-treating the resulting object;

Wherein in the treatment in step ii. and optionally in step iv. in the treated part of the first and optionally further powdered material at least a part of the reactive groups a) and optionally b) are reacted with each other and/or with each other to obtain the final material.

3. A method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein in the treatment in steps ii.

4. A method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first powdered material contains an amount of reactive groups in the range of from 0.1 to 25 wt% based on the total weight of the respective molecule containing reactive groups.

5. A method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the powdered materials comprises at least one first or other compound having a molecular mass in the range of 100 to 200000 g/mol.

6. A method as set forth in any one preceding claim wherein at least one of the at least one reactive group b) is selected from a hydroxyl group, an amino group, a thiol group, an epoxy group, an anhydride group, a carbamate group, a urea group, a carboxyl group, a carboxylate group, a carboxylic acid group, an isocyanate group, an ester group, a carbodiimide group, an amide group, an aldehyde group, a triazine group, a uretdione group, a cyclic carbamate group, a cyclic lactam group, a cyclic carbonate group, a thiuram group, or a combination of at least two thereof.

7. A method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first powdered material and optionally the further powdered material comprises at least one first compound having at least a first reactive group a) and optionally at least one further compound having at least one further reactive group b).

8. the method as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein at least the at least one first reactive group a) is an isocyanate group or a derivative thereof selected from blocked isocyanate groups, unblocked isocyanate groups, urethane groups, uretdione groups, urea groups, biuret groups, isocyanurate groups, carbodiimide groups, allophanate groups, iminooxadiazinedione groups and oxadiazinetrione groups or a combination of at least two of these.

9. A method as set forth in any one preceding claim wherein the at least one other reactive group is selected from b) and b) through z) an isocyanate-reactive group selected from a hydroxyl group, an amino group, a thiol group, an epoxy group, an anhydride group, a urethane group, a urea group, a carboxylic acid group, a carboxylate group, or a combination of at least two thereof.

10. A method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first powdered material has a ratio of the first compound to the at least one further compound in the range of 1:200 to 200:1 based on its total mass.

11. A method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the method further comprises at least one of the following steps:

applying additional powdered material to at least a portion of the material treated in step ii. or iv and repeating step ii.;

Repeating steps i.or iii.1 to 10000 times in any order, in each case in combination with steps ii.or iv.;

separating the three-dimensional object from the substrate surface;

Removing and optionally recycling the powdery material that was not treated in step ii.

Heat treating the three-dimensional object at a temperature in the range of 100 to 350 ℃.

12. A part obtainable by a process as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11.

13. A powdered material comprising at least one first compound having a first reactive group a) and at least one further compound having a further reactive group b), wherein the powdered material is suitable for use in a method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11.

14. The powdered material as claimed in claim 13, wherein the melting point of the first compound differs from the melting point of the at least one further compound by not more than 50 ℃.

15. The powdery material as claimed in any one of claims 13 or 14, wherein at least one of the compounds selected from the first compound or one of the other compounds is soluble in a melt of at least one of the other compounds.

16. A powdered material according to any one of claims 13-15, wherein at least one of the at least two compounds is present as a separate powder on the surface of the powder particles of one of the respective further compounds.

17. The pulverulent material as claimed in any of claims 13 to 16, wherein the pulverulent material has a mixed melting point which differs from the melting point of the first compound and the melting point of the respective other compound by in each case at least 2 ℃.

Example 1 laser sintering of TPU powder in combination with micronized IPDI trimer

Commercially available laser sintered powder Luvosint X92A-1 (from Lehmann & Voss & Co) based on thermoplastic polyurethane having a Shore hardness of A92 was mixed with micronized IPDI terpolymers (Desmodur Z, Covestro, see also EP2159238A 1) at 90:10% by weight at room temperature (i.e. without molten material). For this purpose, the corresponding weight proportions of the substances are weighed out and mixed together intimately for 60 minutes at 30 revolutions per minute in a drum mixer filled to 30%. This was sintered in Sharebot Snowwhite with the same process parameters as the pure TPU powder in comparative example 1. Slightly higher shrinkage occurred in laser sintering compared to pure TPU powder.

With the above parameters, small flakes of 20 mm diameter and (approximately 0.2 mm) powder layer thickness were sintered, which were composed on the one hand of pure TPU according to comparative example 1 and of a mixture of 90% by weight TPU and 10% by weight micronized IPDI according to example 1. Then in a rheometer (TA Instruments ARES) The sintered flakes were examined for melt viscosity and their storage modulus in shaking. The measurement frequency was 1 Hz, the measurement temperature was 170 ℃ and the shear rate was 1/s. The following table lists the values after a measurement time of 2 minutes.