阅读说明：本技术 弹性体增强用帘线 (Cord for reinforcing elastomer ) 是由 雫孝久 安藤展广 加贺纪彦 于 2018-04-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：提供对如橡胶等弹性体的粘接性优异的弹性体增强用帘线。一种弹性体增强用帘线(10),其由捻合在一起的金属长丝(1)和树脂长丝(2)构成,其中各树脂长丝(2)由熔点或软化点为80～160℃的高分子材料制成。帘线(10)由芯和至少一层鞘层构成,其中,硫化之后,构成最外层鞘层的金属长丝(1b)之间的距离w为100μm以下。在通过连接构成最外层鞘层的金属长丝(1b)的中心形成的区域内,在帘线(10)的与轴向正交的方向的截面上,当将由除了金属长丝(1)以外的材料所占据的区域定义为间隙区域时,填充率即源自树脂长丝(2)的高分子材料(3)的面积与间隙区域的面积的比率为52～120％。(Provided is an elastomer reinforcing cord having excellent adhesion to an elastomer such as rubber. A cord (10) for reinforcing an elastomer is composed of metal filaments (1) and resin filaments (2) twisted together, wherein each resin filament (2) is made of a polymer material having a melting point or a softening point of 80 to 160 ℃. The cord (10) is composed of a core and at least one sheath layer, wherein after vulcanization, the distance w between the metal filaments (1b) constituting the outermost sheath layer is 100 [ mu ] m or less. In a region formed by connecting the centers of the metal filaments (1b) constituting the outermost sheath layer, when a region occupied by a material other than the metal filaments (1) is defined as a gap region on a cross section of the cord (10) in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction, the filling ratio, that is, the ratio of the area of the polymer material (3) derived from the resin filaments (2) to the area of the gap region is 52 to 120%.)

1. A cord for elastomer reinforcement, the cord being formed by twisting metal filaments and resin filaments, the resin filaments being made of a polymer material having a melting point or a softening point of 80 to 160 ℃,

wherein the elastomer reinforcing cord comprises a core and at least one sheath layer, and

Wherein, when the distance between the metal filaments constituting the outermost sheath layer is 100 [ mu ] m or less after vulcanization and a region occupied by a material other than the metal filaments in a region formed by connecting the centers of the metal filaments constituting the outermost sheath layer is defined as a void region in a cross section in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction, a filling ratio, which is a ratio of an area of a polymer material derived from the resin filaments to the void region, is 52 to 120%.

2. The elastomer reinforcing cord according to claim 1, wherein the filling rate is 60 to 120%.

3. The elastomer reinforcing cord according to claim 1 or 2, wherein when a cross section in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction is observed at 2mm intervals in a range of 2 times a twist pitch of the outermost sheath layer in the axial direction of the elastomer reinforcing cord, three or more voids are not communicated in the axial direction on adjacent observation surfaces.

4. The elastomer reinforcing cord according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a distance between the metal filaments constituting the outermost sheath layer is 20 μm or less.

5. The elastomer reinforcing cord according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the polymer material includes maleic acid-modified polyethylene.

6. The elastomer reinforcing cord according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the polymer material includes an ionomer.

7. The elastomer reinforcing cord according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the resin filament has a wire diameter of 0.1mm or more.

8. The elastomer reinforcing cord according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the polymer material has a melt flow rate of 7.0g/min or more as defined in JIS K7120.

9. The elastomer reinforcing cord according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the melting point or softening point of the polymer material is 130 to 160 ℃.

10. An elastomer reinforcing cord according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein said core is made by twisting together 3 metal filaments.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to an elastomer reinforcing cord (hereinafter may be simply referred to as "cord"), and to an elastomer reinforcing cord excellent in adhesion to an elastomer.

Background

As a reinforcing material for a belt portion of a tire, a steel cord made by twisting steel filaments together has been conventionally used. However, when, for example, the outer surface of the tire is damaged and the damage reaches the belt portion, and moisture or the like in the external environment enters the space between the steel filaments constituting the steel cord, rust is generated in the steel cord. For this reason, a gap is established in the steel cord so that rubber invades inside the steel cord during vulcanization to block the path of water. Among such solutions, patent document 1 proposes a composite cord made by twisting together a sheath element wire composed of 2 to 12 steel filaments around a core made of a resin filament having a melting point of 50 ℃ and less than 200 ℃. The resin filaments included in the hybrid cord are melted during vulcanization, thereby impregnating rubber into the steel filaments, thus preventing the steel filaments from rusting.

Disclosure of Invention

Problems to be solved by the invention

However, during vulcanization, the rubber flows into the region where the resin filaments exist, and an interface where the polymer material derived from the resin filaments and the rubber contact each other is established. As a result, the interface reduces the bonding strength with which the rubber and steel filaments are bonded to each other. Therefore, further improvement is required to improve the durability of the tire.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an elastomer reinforcing cord having excellent adhesion to an elastomer such as rubber.

means for solving the problems

The present inventors have conducted extensive studies to solve the above problems and have obtained the following findings. When an excessively large amount of amorphous polymer material is used with respect to the void area on the cross section of the metal cord, the polymer material inside leaks outside during vulcanization to suppress adhesion to the rubber, and some resin is exposed during a tensile test. In contrast, when an excessively small amount is used, the void is insufficiently filled to prevent water from passing therethrough; therefore, improvement of the corrosion fatigue resistance cannot be expected. Based on these findings, the present inventors have further conducted extensive studies, found that the above problems can be solved by the following constitution, and completed the present invention.

The cord for elastomer reinforcement comprises metal filaments and resin filaments twisted together, the resin filaments being made of a high molecular material having a melting point or a softening point of 80 to 160 ℃,

Wherein the elastomer reinforcing cord comprises a core and at least one sheath layer, and

Wherein, when the distance between the metal filaments constituting the outermost sheath layer is 100 [ mu ] m or less after vulcanization and a region occupied by a material other than the metal filaments in a region formed by connecting the centers of the metal filaments constituting the outermost sheath layer is defined as an interstitial region in a cross section in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction, a filling ratio, which is a ratio of an area of a polymer material derived from the resin filaments to the interstitial region, is 52 to 120%. The melting point herein means a melting peak temperature measured by heat flux differential scanning calorimetry described in JIS K7121. The softening point is a value measured by a softening point test method described in JIS K7206 (1999).

In the cord of the present invention, the polymer material derived from the resin filaments preferably occupies 60 to 120% of the interstitial regions. In the cord for reinforcing an elastomer, when a cross section in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction is observed at 2mm intervals within a range of 2 times the twist pitch of the outermost sheath layer in the axial direction of the cord for reinforcing an elastomer, three or more spaces are not communicated in the axial direction on adjacent observation surfaces. In the cord of the present invention, the distance between the metal filaments constituting the outermost sheath layer is preferably 20 μm or less. Further, in the cord of the present invention, the polymer material preferably contains maleic acid-modified polyethylene or ionomer. In the cord of the present invention, the resin filaments have a wire diameter of 0.1mm or more. In the cord of the present invention, the polymer material preferably has a melt flow rate of 7.0g/min or more as defined in JIS K7120. In the cord of the present invention, the melting point or softening point of the polymer material is preferably 130 to 160 ℃. Further, in the cord of the present invention, the core is preferably made by twisting 3 metal filaments together.

ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION

According to the present invention, an elastomer reinforcing cord having excellent adhesion to an elastomer such as rubber can be provided.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view along a direction orthogonal to the axial direction of an elastomer reinforcing cord before vulcanization according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the elastomer reinforcing cord after vulcanization in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the elastomer reinforcing cord according to comparative example 1 in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction before vulcanization.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the elastomer reinforcing cord according to comparative example 2 in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction before vulcanization.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the elastomer reinforcing cord according to example 1 in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction before vulcanization.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the elastomer reinforcing cord according to example 2 in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction before vulcanization.

Fig. 7 is a sectional view of the elastomer reinforcing cord according to example 3 in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction before vulcanization.

Fig. 8 is a sectional view of the elastomer reinforcing cord according to example 4 in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction before vulcanization.

Fig. 9 is a sectional view of the elastomer reinforcing cord according to example 5 in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction before vulcanization.

Fig. 10 is a graph showing a relationship between the filling rate and the rust development length & void development rate.

Detailed Description

The elastomer reinforcing cord of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The cord for reinforcing elastomer of the present invention comprises metal filaments and resin filaments twisted together, the resin filaments being made of a high molecular material having a melting point or a softening point of 80 to 160 ℃. Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view along a direction orthogonal to the axial direction of an elastomer reinforcing cord before vulcanization according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the cord 10 of the present invention comprises a core and at least one sheath layer. In the illustrated example, the cord 10 includes a core made by twisting three metal filaments 1a together and a sheath made by winding 9 metal filaments 1b around the core, which are twisted together. In addition, 1 resin filament 2a is placed at the center of the core, and 3 resin filaments 2b are twisted around the core. However, the structure of the cord of the present invention is not limited thereto.

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the elastomer reinforcing cord after vulcanization in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention. In the cord 10 of the present invention, the distance w between the metal filaments 1b constituting the outermost sheath layer after vulcanization is 100 μm or less. This constitution realizes a reduction in the contact area between the polymer material 3 derived from the resin filaments after vulcanization and an elastic body such as rubber. As a result, the adhesive strength of the cord 10 and the elastomer to be adhered to each other is prevented from being lowered, and thus the durability of the article is not impaired. The distance w between the metal filaments 1b constituting the outermost sheath layer is suitably 20 μm or less.

In a cross section in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the cord 10 of the present invention, a filling ratio defined as a ratio of an area of the polymer material 3 derived from the resin filaments 2a and 2b after vulcanization to a void region defined as a region occupied by a material other than the metal filaments 1a,1b within a region formed by connecting centers of the respective metal filaments 1b constituting the outermost sheath layer is 52 to 120%. When the ratio of the polymer material 3 to the gap region is less than 52%, the gap inside the cord 10 cannot be completely filled, and rust formation in the metal filaments 1a and 1b cannot be effectively prevented. On the other hand, when the ratio of the polymer material 3 to the gap region exceeds 120%, a higher amount of the polymer material 3 flows out of the outermost sheath layer and hinders adhesion between the cord 10 and the elastomer. Preferably, the filling rate is 60 to 120%, and 50% or more of the surface area of the metal filament 1b constituting the outermost sheath layer is in contact with the elastomer.

When the cross section of the cord 10 of the present invention in the direction orthogonal to the axial direction is observed at 2mm intervals within a range of 2 times the twist pitch of the outermost sheath layer, it is preferable that three or more voids among adjacent observation surfaces are not communicated in the axial direction. In other words, it is preferable that the voids in the gap region are not communicated by 6mm or more in the cord axial direction. The connected voids in the gap region can form water passage paths, leading to the development of rust in the metal filaments 1a and 1 b. In contrast, the cord 10 in the aforementioned state forms a blocking system in the gap region, and thus can effectively prevent the development of rust in the axial direction.

In the cord 10 of the present invention, the polymer material forming the resin filaments 2a and 2b is not particularly limited as long as the melting point or softening point of the polymer material is 80 to 160 ℃, preferably 130 to 160 ℃. Examples of polymeric materials that can be used include ionomers, acid-modified resins, and combinations thereof. As the acid-modified resin, among them, resins modified with acid anhydride such as dimer acid, maleic acid, or itaconic acid are preferable. The maleic acid-modified resin can improve the adhesion to the metal filaments 1a and 1 b.

Examples of the maleic acid-modified resin include maleic anhydride-modified styrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer (SEBS), maleic acid-modified polyethylene, maleic anhydride-modified ultra-low density polyethylene, maleic anhydride-modified ethylene-butene-1 copolymer, maleic anhydride-modified ethylene-propylene copolymer, maleic anhydride-modified ethylene-octene, and maleic anhydride-modified propylene, and the like. Among them, maleic acid-modified polyethylene is particularly preferable.

In the cord 10 of the present invention, the resin filaments 2a and 2b preferably contain an ionomer. The ionomer helps to smooth the surface of the resin filaments 2a and 2b, thereby improving fiber spinnability, and also helps to make the resin filaments 2a and 2b more easily slidable in the twisting machine.

Specific examples of ionomers include zinc ion neutralized ionomers such as1554、1557、1650、1652、1702、1706. And1855, etc., and sodium ion neutralized ionomers such as1555、1601、1605、1707、1856. And AM7331, and the like, all manufactured by Du Pont-Mitsui polychemics co. Other examples thereof include lithium ion-neutralized ionomers such as7930, etc., and sodium ion neutralized ionomers such as8120, all manufactured by DuPont. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more thereof.

As a commercially available specific product, the high molecular material for the resin filaments 2a and 2b in the cord 10 according to the present invention may be, for example, Tuftec manufactured by Asahi Kasei Corporation^TMIncluding M1943, M1911 and M1913. Other examples thereof include: ADMER^TMComprising LB548, NF518, QF551, QF500, and QE060, Hi-Wax^TMComprising 4051E, 4252E, and 1105A, TAFMER^TMIncluding MH7010 and MH7020, both manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Incorporated; NUCREL manufactured by Du Pont-Mitsui Polychemicals Co., Ltd^TMSeries and Elvaloy^TMSeries; MODIC manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation^TMSeries; manufactured by Arkema s.aA series of,Series ofSeries; REXPEARL manufactured by Japan Polyethylene Corporation^TMSeries; manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Company, LimitedSeries; fluorine-based ionomers manufactured by Asahi Kasei Corporation; ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer manufactured by NUC Corporation. These may be used alone or in a mixture of two or more thereof.

In the cord 10 of the present invention, the diameter of the resin filaments 2a and 2b is preferably 0.1mm or more. When the diameter of the resin filaments 2a and 2b is less than 0.1mm, the resin filaments may be broken while being twisted with the metal filaments 1a and 1b, making it difficult to produce a cord having a desired structure. The upper limit of the wire diameter of the resin filaments 2a and 2b is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately determined so that the polymer material occupies 52 to 120% of the interstitial region after vulcanization.

In the cord 10 of the present invention, the Melt Flow Rate (MFR) of the polymer material constituting the resin filaments 2a and 2b is preferably 7.0g/min or more, which is defined in JIS K7120. When the MFR is less than 7.0g/min, although the resin filaments 2a and 2b are melted during vulcanization, the polymer material 3 is insufficiently flowable in the gap region inside the cord, which may result in failure to satisfactorily provide the effects of the present invention.

In the cord 10 of the present invention, the resin filaments 2a and 2b may contain an inorganic filler. Since these resin filaments need to be easily melted at the vulcanization temperature, the foregoing indicates that the melting points of the resin filaments 2a and 2b are 80 ℃ to 160 ℃. However, when the melting point is low, the strength of the resin filaments 2a and 2b is also reduced, so that the resin filaments 2a and 2b may be broken during twisting, which may reduce productivity. For this reason, an inorganic filler may be added to the resin filaments 2a and 2b in the cord 10 of the present invention to improve the strength of the resin filaments 2a and 2 b. In addition, the addition of the inorganic filler to the resin filaments 2a and 2b provides an effect of reducing wrinkles on the resin filaments 2a,2b, and as a result, the slidability of the resin filaments 2a and 2b is further improved, and the steel cord 10 can be easily twisted.

The inorganic filler is added in an amount of preferably 0.1 to 30 parts by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 30 parts by mass, still more preferably 5 to 30 parts by mass, and particularly preferably 10 to 20 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the polymer material. When the inorganic filler is added in an amount of less than 0.1 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the polymer material, the reinforcing effect of the resin filaments 2a and 2b cannot be satisfactorily provided. On the other hand, when the inorganic filler is added in an amount of more than 30 parts by mass, the reinforcing effect of the resin filaments 2a and 2b becomes saturated, which is not good from the viewpoint of cost, while the inorganic filler is dispersed to a lesser extent, which may adversely affect the durability of the resin filaments 2a and 2 b.

Examples of the inorganic filler for the cord 10 of the present invention include carbon black, silica, aluminum hydroxide, clay, alumina, talc, mica, kaolin, glass spheres, glass beads, calcium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, magnesium oxide, titanium oxide, potassium titanate and barium sulfate. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more thereof. Among them, carbon black is preferable from the viewpoint of reinforcement of the resin filaments 2a and 2 b. In addition, generally, the rubber composition contained in the tire also contains carbon black, and thus the resin filaments 2a and 2b in the cord 10 of the present invention are more compatible with the rubber composition contained in the tire, and the resin is expected to adhere more strongly to the rubber.

In the case of using carbon black, the grade of the carbon black is not particularly limited, and any suitable grade may be selected. For example, SRF, GPF, FEF, HAF, ISAF, or SAF may be used, and in particular, those grades having excellent flexing resistance and fracture resistance including FEF, HAF, ISAF, and SAF are suitably used. Nitrogen adsorption specific surface area N of carbon black₂SA (according to JIS K6217-2: 2001) is preferably 30 to 150m²A concentration of 35 to 130m²/g。

Note that: the resin filaments 2a and 2b included in the cord 10 of the present invention may contain a thermoplastic resin and/or a thermoplastic elastomer to the extent that the above-described effects are not inhibited. In addition, various additives including an anti-aging agent, oil, a plasticizer, a color former, a weather resistance agent, and the like may be contained (blended).

The resin filaments 2a and 2b included in the cord 10 of the present invention can be manufactured by using a known method, and the manufacturing method is not particularly limited. For example, the resin filaments can be produced by kneading the resin and the inorganic filler and stretching the obtained resin composition. The resin filament may also be produced by: wherein the above-mentioned inorganic filler is previously added in a large amount to the above-mentioned resin to produce a master batch, the resin is added to the master batch to produce a resin composition containing a predetermined amount of the inorganic filler, and the resin composition is drawn.

In the cord 10 of the present invention, the wire diameter, tensile strength and cross-sectional shape of the metal filaments 1a and 1b are not particularly limited. For example, the wire diameter of the metal filaments 1a and 1b may be 0.10mm to 0.60 mm. Preferably, the wire diameter is 0.12-0.50 mm. When the wire diameter of the metal filaments 1a and 1b is less than 0.10mm, the voids inside the cord are so small that the cord is not strong enough to stably produce the resin filaments necessary for filling. On the other hand, making the diameter larger to obtain strength may be focused on adverse effects on the cord twisting properties. In addition, the metal filaments 1a and 1b having a wire diameter of more than 0.60mm have limited tensile strength, which means that such metal filaments 1a and 1b are disadvantageous for achieving the necessary exchange lightweight of strength.

In the cord 10 of the present invention, the metal filaments 1a and 1b are generally described as a metal containing steel, i.e., a threadlike metal containing iron as a main component (iron accounts for more than 50 mass% of the total mass of the metal filaments). The metal filaments may be composed of iron alone, or may contain metals other than iron, such as zinc, copper, aluminum, and tin.

In the cord 10 of the present invention, the surfaces of the metal filaments 1a and 1b may be given plating. The plating is not limited to any particular kind. For example, zinc plating, copper plating, brass plating, or bronze plating may be provided. Among them, brass plating is preferable. This is because the metal filament coated with brass is excellent in adhesion to rubber. Generally, the ratio of copper to zinc (copper: zinc) in brass plating is 60 to 70:30 to 40 by mass. The thickness of the plating layer is usually 100nm to 300 nm.

The structure of the cord 10 of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the cord 10 includes a core and at least one sheath layer. Preferably, the cord 10 after vulcanization has a layer twist structure, for example, a cord having an n + m structure such as 1+6, 2+8, 3+7, 3+8, or 3+9, a cord having an n + m + l structure such as 3+9+15 or 1+6+11, or a cord having a so-called compact structure such as 1+6, 2+8, 3+9, or 1+6+12, or the cord 10 after vulcanization is a steel cord having a double twist structure obtained by further twisting the aforementioned structures. In the cord having a structure in which the core is made by twisting 3 metal filaments together, it is difficult for the elastomer to intrude into the voids inside the cord; however, such a structure is particularly preferable for the cord 10 of the present invention because the resin filaments 1a placed inside the core as shown in fig. 1 fill the voids in the center of the core with a polymer material after vulcanization.

In the cord 10 of the present invention, the positions where the resin filaments 2a and 2b are placed are not particularly limited, and the positions thereof may be appropriately determined so that the polymer material occupies 52 to 120% of the gap region after vulcanization. In order that the effects of the present invention can be advantageously provided, it is preferable that the resin filaments be placed inside the outermost sheath filaments in the case of a steel cord in a layer-twisted structure, or inside the outermost sheath strands or inside the outermost sheath filaments of each strand in the case of a steel cord in a double-twisted structure.

The resin filaments 2a and 2b have increased strength. Thus, the cord 10 of the present invention can be manufactured by twisting the resin filaments 2a and 2b simultaneously with twisting the steel cord 10 using a twisting machine that is generally used for producing steel cords for tires. As a result, no additional working step is added, and productivity is not lowered. In order to prevent breakage of twisted strands made of different materials, i.e., the steel filaments 1a and 1b and the resin filaments 2a and 2b, it is preferable to use a resin material having as high strength as possible. The Rockwell hardness (H scale) of the resin material is preferably 30 to 150. When the rockwell hardness of the resin material is more than 150, the resin filaments 2a and 2b become difficult in plastic working, thereby impairing the twist property of the cord 10. The strength of the resin filaments 2a and 2b can be improved by increasing the draw ratio for producing the resin filaments 2a and 2 b. In addition, it is preferable that the resin filaments 2a and 2b are well slidable in the twisting machine.

The cord 10 of the present invention is excellent in adhesion to an elastic body such as rubber. Thus, the cord can be suitably used for a site where a steel cord-rubber composite is conventionally used. In particular, the cord can be suitably used for rubber articles such as tires, belts, and hoses. Examples of tires in which the cord can be used include passenger car tires and truck and bus tires. The portion to which the cord is applied is not particularly limited. For example, the cords may be used as a material for reinforcing the carcass ply or as a material for reinforcing the belt. In this case, the cords may be used to reinforce a part of the tread. For example, the cords 10 may be used only to reinforce local areas, such as near the tread ends, near the equatorial plane, or near the groove bottom, or, if applicable, at the ends of other inclined belt layers or at the ends of a circumferential cord layer.

The elastomer used for coating the cord 10 of the present invention is not particularly limited, and thus rubbers and the like conventionally used for coating metal cords can be used. Other examples of the elastomer which can be suitably used include diene-based rubbers such as Natural Rubber (NR), Isoprene Rubber (IR), epoxidized natural rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), butadiene rubber (BR: high CIs BR and low CIs BR), nitrile rubber (NBR), hydrogenated NBR and hydrogenated SBR, and hydrogenated products thereof, olefin-based rubbers such as ethylene-propylene rubber (EPDM, EPM), maleic acid-modified ethylene-propylene rubber (M-EPM), butyl rubber (IIR), a copolymer of isobutylene and an aromatic vinyl or diene monomer, acrylic rubber (ACM), ionomers, brominated products of isobutylene-p-methylstyrene copolymer (Br-IPMS), Chloroprene Rubber (CR), epichlorohydrin rubber (CHR), chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber (CSM), and, Halogen-containing rubbers such as chlorinated polyethylene rubber (CM), maleic acid-modified chlorinated polyethylene rubber (M-CM), silicon-based rubbers such as methyl vinyl silicone rubber, dimethyl silicone rubber, and methyl phenyl vinyl silicone rubber, sulfur-containing rubbers such as polysulfide rubber, fluororubbers such as vinylidene fluoride rubber, fluorine-containing vinyl ether rubber, tetrafluoroethylene-propylene rubber, fluorine-containing silicon rubber, and fluorine-containing phosphazene rubber, and thermoplastic elastomers such as styrene elastomer, olefin elastomer, ester elastomer, polyurethane elastomer, and polyamide elastomer. These elastomers may be used alone or in a mixture of two or more thereof.