阅读说明：本技术 一种磺酰腙衍生物及其制备方法和应用 (Sulfonyl hydrazone derivative and its preparing method and use ) 是由 王海 张耀红 于 2019-09-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种磺酰腙衍生物及其制备方法和应用,该制备方法包括以下步骤：以烯烃叠氮与磺酰肼为起始原料,反应温度60℃,反应时间为2-4小时,反应溶剂为水,不添加任何催化剂,原料投料比是烯烃叠氮：磺酰肼＝1：1。本发明所用的反应试剂稳定廉价易得,便于进行规模生产,另外,由于该反应不用添加催化剂,且以水为反应溶剂,所以该方法安全经济,从源头上减少和消除了对环境的污染,不会对环境造成破坏,符合绿色化学的要求。此外,生物活性实验结果表明,产物具有一定的乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性,因此,该制备方法及其产物在医药领域方面具有重要的应用意义。(The invention discloses a sulfonyl hydrazone derivative and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: using olefin azide and sulfonyl hydrazide as starting raw materials, reacting at 60 ℃ for 2-4 hours, using water as a reaction solvent, not adding any catalyst, and using the raw materials in a feed ratio of the olefin azide: sulfonyl hydrazide ═ 1: 1. the reaction reagent used in the invention is stable, cheap and easy to obtain, and is convenient for large-scale production, in addition, because the reaction does not need to add a catalyst and takes water as a reaction solvent, the method is safe and economical, reduces and eliminates the pollution to the environment from the source, does not damage the environment, and meets the requirement of green chemistry. In addition, the biological activity experiment result shows that the product has a certain acetylcholinesterase inhibition activity, so the preparation method and the product thereof have important application significance in the field of medicine.)

1. A sulfonyl hydrazone derivative is characterized by having a structure shown as a formula (I):

in formula (I):

R₁is substituted or unsubstituted aryl or C₁～C₄An alkyl radical, wherein the substituents on the aryl radical are selected from C₁～C₄One or more of alkyl, alkoxy, ester group, halogen, nitro, trifluoromethyl or alkanoyl;

R₂the aryl group is alkyl or substituted or unsubstituted aryl, wherein the substituent on the aryl group is selected from one or more of alkyl, alkoxy, aryl, ester group, halogen, nitro, trifluoromethyl and acetamido.

2. The sulfonylhydrazone derivative according to claim 1, wherein R is₁Is substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, and the substituent on the phenyl is selected from one or more of methoxy, methyl, tert-butyl, F, Cl or Br.

3. The sulfonylhydrazone derivative according to claim 1 or 2, wherein R is₂Is substituted or unsubstituted phenylNaphthyl, thienyl or quinolyl, the substituent on the aryl is selected from methoxy, methyl, tert-butyl, acetamido, F, Cl, Br and-NO₂、CF₃Or one or more phenyl groups.

4. A method for producing the sulfonylhydrazone derivative according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of: olefin azide and sulfonyl hydrazide react in a reaction solvent, and the sulfonyl hydrazone derivative is obtained after the reaction is completed and post-treatment is carried out;

the structure of the olefin azide is shown as a formula (II):

the structure of the sulfonyl hydrazide is shown as a formula (III):

R₁or R₂Is as defined in any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. The process for producing a sulfonylhydrazone derivative according to claim 4, wherein the molar ratio of the reaction substrates is sulfonyl hydrazide: alkene azide ═ 1.0: 1.0 to 1.2.

6. The process for preparing a sulfonylhydrazone derivative according to claim 4, wherein the reaction does not require the addition of a catalyst.

7. The process for producing a sulfonylhydrazone derivative according to claim 4, wherein the reaction solvent is water.

8. The method for producing a sulfonylhydrazone derivative according to claim 4, wherein the reaction temperature is 60 ℃ and the reaction time is 2 to 4 hours.

9. Use of the sulfonylhydrazone derivative according to any one of claims 1 to 3, for the preparation of a medicament for the treatment of alzheimer's disease.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of organic synthesis, and particularly relates to a sulfonyl hydrazone derivative, and a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

Sulfonylhydrazone compounds contain a substructure (-SO) in the molecule₂NHN ═ C-), a special class of schiff bases. The research shows that the sulfonyl hydrazone compounds show very extensive growthPhysical activity, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, insecticidal, antiviral, and antitumor, etc. Besides, it possesses unique good coordination ability and rich coordination form, and can produce many metal coordination compounds with higher biological activity, and the metal coordination compounds have a very unique position in the field of biomedicine, for example, the research of anticancer medicine and magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent. Because a special imine structure (-NHN ═ C-) in the molecular structure of the compound can participate in various chemical reactions in organic synthesis, the sulfonylhydrazone is an important intermediate, is widely concerned in the aspects of organic synthesis, medicine and pharmacology, agricultural and pharmacology, test reagents, material science and the like, and has great development potential. However, the methods for synthesizing arylsulfonylhydrazone reported in the literature have some disadvantages, such as expensive and unavailable starting materials, addition of strong acid to the reaction system, low yield, serious environmental pollution, or inconvenient operation. Therefore, efficient, mild and green reaction conditions need to be found, and new chemical reactions need to be developed to realize the green synthesis of the sulfonylhydrazones.

The most common synthetic method of sulfonyl hydrazone derivatives is to use sulfonyl hydrazide and aldehyde ketone compounds as reaction raw materials, and the sulfonyl hydrazone derivatives are prepared by nucleophilic addition of sulfonyl hydrazide and corresponding aldehyde ketone and then elimination of a molecule of water lost by the reaction. The early synthesis of sulfonylhydrazones generally uses acetic acid as a reaction solvent, dissolves a solid carbonyl compound in a small amount of acetic acid, then adds p-toluenesulfonyl hydrazide to dissolve and heat to boiling for reaction, cools to 0 ℃ after crystals are precipitated, and washes with acetic acid (Farnum DG]Journal of Organic Chemistry,1963.28 (3): 870-872). An improvement of the method for synthesizing sulfonylhydrazone by Sartorel C, which is characterized in that the reaction solvent is changed into methanol, the methanol is added into an ice bath, and then the temperature is increased to room temperature to react and synthesize a series of pyridine sulfonylhydrazone (Sartorel A C, Agrawal K C, Booth B A, et al, anticancer and biochemical precursors of aryl sulfonylhydrazones of 2-sulfonylpyridine N-oxide [ J]Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 1976.19 (16): 830-833). Bertz et al atThe amount of reactants, reaction solvent, temperature and time were optimized during the synthesis of the sulfonylhydrazones by exploration, and as a result, the reaction time was found to be the shortest in THF, and then the ether was recrystallized to precipitate (Bertz S H and Dabbagh G]Journal of Organic Chemistry,1983.48 (1): 116 to 119). Zhang Ying et al used ethanol as reaction solvent in the synthesis of salicylaldehyde benzenesulfonylhydrazone, directly filtered and precipitated after the reaction, and had a yield of 87% (Zhang Ying, Tai Si city, Von Yi Min., synthesis and structural characterization of salicylaldehyde benzenesulfonylhydrazone [ J ]]Weifang college of academic, 2009,9 (4): 110 to 111). In addition to the reaction of forming sulfonylhydrazones at room temperature, the synthesis of sulfonylhydrazones under heating has also been reported. Ahmed S.Shawaii et al used benzenesulfonylhydrazide and various aldehydes to reflux in methanol for 2H, followed by recrystallization using methanol to afford sulfonylhydrazones (Shawaii A S, Aboutabl MA, Fahmy H M.Chemate formation by hydrazines [ J ] in 80-90% yield]Transition Metal chemistry.1992.17: 517 to 520). Oya Atici added small amount of H with cyclohexyl ketone and p-methylbenzenesulfonylhydrazide₂SO₄The reaction was refluxed in methanol, and at the end of the reaction, the crude product was cooled in an ice bath and recrystallized from methanol with a yield of 85%. (Atici O.Decomposition of cyclohexyl phenyl ketone via their polymericsulfonyl hydrazones and tosyl hydrazones[J].Reactive&Functional polymers 1997.34: 175 to 182). Alyar et al added a small amount of acetic acid with 2-hydroxyacetophenone and methanesulfonyl hydrazide and heated in ethanol to react, and then recrystallized with a mixed solvent of benzene and ethanol to obtain sulfonylhydrazone with a yield of 60% (Alyar S,Karacan N,et al.Tautomeric properties,conformations and structure of 2-hydroxyacetophenone methanesulfonylhydrazone[J].Journal of Molecular structure,2008.889：144～149)。

in 2010, by using aryl-terminated alkyne as an initial reaction raw material, [ (THD-Dipp) AuOTf ] as a catalyst and 2 mol% of AgOTf as an additive, the raw materials are heated to 100 ℃ to react without any solvent, a series of aryl sulfonyl hydrazones are obtained with a yield of 75-98%, and the authors expand the substrates of the reaction, wherein the reaction has better tolerance to various reaction groups (by using Oleg S M, Pavel S G, AndreyF.A. Hydroxyphenyl and exdedding n-heterocyclic carbon (er-nhc) gold complex under solvent-free conditions [ J ]. Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis,2016,358: 1463-1468).

Pierrick Nun et al, 2011, utilized Ball-milling synthesis technology, used equimolar amount of aldehyde ketone and sulfonyl hydrazide as reaction raw materials, synthesized sulfonyl hydrazone compounds with high yield and high purity within a certain reaction time, obtained products were solids, and directly recovered solid target products after the reaction were dried in vacuum without separation and directly used for the next reaction (Nun P, Martin C, Martinez J, et al, solvent-free synthesis of hydrazones and their derivatives N-alkylation in a Ball-mill [ J ]. Tetrahedron, 2011.67: 8187-8194).

The method for synthesizing sulfonyl hydrazone by using propargyl alcohol and p-toluenesulfonyl hydrazide through Aza-Meyer-Schuster rearrangement series reaction of xylol and the like can obtain alpha, beta-unsaturated sulfonyl hydrazone with single configuration, has high reaction yield and wide substrate application range (the research on synthesizing sulfonyl hydrazone, acrylonitrile, pyrazole and pyrrolizine by the cascade reaction of the propargyl alcohol [ D ] Xiamen university, 2013.).

Liu WenFei et al used 2, 4-diphenylpropargyl alcohol and p-toluenesulfonyl hydrazide as reaction substrates in CH₃CN is a reaction solvent, Y (OTf)₃A series of new reaction researches on alpha, beta-unsaturated sulfonyl hydrazone (Liuwenfei, rare earth metal catalyzed propargyl alcohol compounds) are prepared under the reaction condition of 80 ℃ as a catalyst]Inner Mongolia university 2015.) the authors select tertiary propargyl alcohol generated by phenylacetylene and acetophenone with different substituents as substrates for reaction and explore the reaction substrates in terms of universality, and the results show that the reaction substrates have good universality, the reaction is finished within about 3 hours, and the alpha, beta-unsaturated sulfonyl hydrazone is obtained with high yield. And when R is₃The yield of the substituent group attached to the aromatic ring is higher than that of the substituent group attached to the electron donating group, and when R is₃In the case of aliphatic radicals, no corresponding target product is formed. The authors also investigated the effect of substituents on propargyl on reaction yield using asymmetric propargyl alcohol (R)₁Aryl, R₂Alkyl) to obtain the desired product in relatively high yield when using symmetrical propargyl alcohol (R)₁＝R₂) The alpha, beta-unsaturated sulfonyl hydrazone can be obtained in high yield by using both aliphatic substituent groups and aromatic substituent groups.

Emmett et al utilize 4-iodotoluene, 4-aminomorpholine, DABCO (1,4 diazabicyclo [2.2.2 ]]) Palladium acetate, tri-tert-butyl phosphorus in 1, 4-dioxane to 70 deg.C (first generating intermediate sulfonyl hydrazine, then Pd (OH)₂Catalytic dehydrogenation to form sulfonylhydrazonated compounds (Emmett E J, Richards-Taylor C S, Nguyen B, et al, Palladium-catalyzed amidation of aryl-, aryl-and heterocyclic amides: scope of the same].Orgallic&Biomolecular Chemistry,2012.10(20)：3957～4136)。

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a sulfonyl hydrazone derivative, a preparation method and an application thereof, wherein the sulfonyl hydrazone derivative has a certain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition activity and has a potential for treating Alzheimer disease; the raw materials used in the preparation method are simple, stable and easily available, the reaction conditions are mild, no catalyst is added, water is used as a reaction solvent, the method is economical and environment-friendly, and pollution is reduced from the source.

A sulfonyl hydrazone derivative has a structure shown in a formula (I):

in formula (I):

R₁is substituted or unsubstituted aryl or C₁～C₄An alkyl radical, wherein the substituents on the aryl radical are selected from C₁～C₄One or more of alkyl, alkoxy, ester, halogen, nitro, trifluoromethyl or alkanoyl.

R₂Is alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, wherein the substituent on the aryl is selected from one or more of alkyl, alkoxy, aryl, ester group, halogen, nitro and trifluoromethyl.

Biological activity tests are carried out on the sulfonyl hydrazone derivatives, and the compounds have acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition activity and have the potential of treating Alzheimer disease;

in the formula (I), preferably, R₁Is substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, and the substituent on the phenyl is selected from methoxy, methyl, tert-butyl, acetamido, F, Cl, Br and-NO₂、CF₃Or one or more phenyl groups.

Preferably, R₂Is substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, naphthyl, thienyl and quinolyl, and the substituent on the aryl is selected from methoxy, methyl, tert-butyl, acetamido, F, Cl, Br and-NO₂、CF₃Or one or more of phenyl。

The invention also provides a preparation method of the sulfonyl hydrazone derivative, which comprises the steps of taking olefin azide and sulfonyl hydrazine as starting raw materials, adding no catalyst, taking water as a reaction solvent, reacting at the temperature of 60 ℃ for 2-4 hours, and carrying out post-treatment after the reaction is completed to obtain the sulfonyl hydrazone derivative.

The reaction equation is as follows:

in recent years, sulfonyl hydrazide has been widely used in organic chemistry, bio-organic chemistry and pharmaceutical chemistry to synthesize functional structures of various bioactive compounds, and becomes a novel, cheap and easily available synthetic reagent. Compared with aryl sulfonyl chloride which is easy to hydrolyze to release HCl, the sulfonyl hydrazide is more stable and easy to process and is an ideal aryl source for constructing C-C bonds. The alkene azide is an active reaction intermediate because of the high activity of azide and unsaturated double bond in the molecule, the alkene can receive the attack of nucleophilic reagent, and N is₃As "nitrogen source" is widely used for the construction of heterocyclic compounds. And N is₃Has the characteristic of 1, 3-dipole and can be reacted with unsaturated chemical bonds such as carbon-carbon double bond, carbon-carbon triple bond and carbon-carbon triple bond [3+2 ]]Performing cycloaddition reaction; n is a radical of₃Can be regarded as a precursor of a nitrogen carbene, which can react with nucleophilic reagents, free radicals, etc., thus forming new chemical bonds.

The method successfully realizes the green synthesis of the sulfonyl hydrazone by using water as a reaction solvent without adding a catalyst, and has important application significance.

The use of a catalyst affects the reaction yield, and when a base is added, the reaction does not occur at all, and when an acid is added, the reaction can occur, but the reaction yield is the highest without adding an acid or a base, and preferably, the reaction yield is high when no catalyst is added in the present invention.

The choice of the reaction medium will have a large influence on the reaction result, and preferably the reaction solvent is water.

Preferably, the reaction temperature is 60 ℃ and the reaction time is 2-4 hours.

The invention also provides application of the sulfonyl hydrazone derivative in preparation of medicines for treating Alzheimer's disease.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the reaction reagent used in the invention is stable, cheap and easy to obtain, and is convenient for large-scale production; in addition, because the reaction does not need to add a catalyst and takes water as a reaction solvent, the method is safe and economical, reduces and eliminates the pollution to the environment from the source, cannot damage the environment, and meets the requirement of green chemistry. Therefore, the method has important application significance.

(2) The sulfonyl hydrazone derivative obtained by the method has certain inhibitory activity on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and has the potential of treating Alzheimer disease.

Detailed Description

The general synthesis procedure is as follows:

a50 mL round bottom flask was charged with a magnetic stirrer, sulfonyl hydrazide (1.0mmol), olefin azide (1.0mmol), solvent (5mL), and allowed to react at temperature during which time Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) was used to follow the reaction to completion. Adding ethyl acetate and saturated saline solution into the reaction system, extracting for three times, combining organic layers, concentrating to remove the solvent, and separating by column chromatography or washing by diethyl ether to obtain a pure target product.

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.