阅读说明：本技术 一种利用电炉生产富钒渣的方法 (Method for producing vanadium-rich slag by using electric furnace ) 是由 杨宁川 纪安 张学武 李大成 游香米 方文 虎尚友 马永宁 刘春霆 干明 许航 于 2019-10-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于冶金技术领域,涉及一种利用电炉生产富钒渣的方法,包括以下步骤：装料：将钒钛金属化球团装入电炉中；加热熔化：加热熔化钒钛金属化球团炉料；出钛渣：钒钛金属化球团熔清后第一次出渣,经渣铁分离后得到含钛渣和含钒铁水；吹氧提钒：向电炉内吹氧提钒,氧化含钒铁水中的钒进入渣中；出钒渣：当钢水中残钒含量低于一定水平时第二次出渣,经二次渣铁分离后得到富钒渣和钢水。本发明在同一座电炉内实现了铁、钒、钛三元素的分离,工艺流程短,富钒渣品位高。(The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgy, and relates to a method for producing vanadium-rich slag by using an electric furnace, which comprises the following steps: charging: loading the vanadium-titanium metallized pellets into an electric furnace; heating and melting: heating and melting vanadium-titanium metallized pellet furnace burden; and (3) titanium slag discharging: slag is discharged for the first time after the vanadium-titanium metallized pellets are melted down, and titanium-containing slag and vanadium-containing molten iron are obtained after slag-iron separation; oxygen blowing and vanadium extraction: blowing oxygen into the electric furnace to extract vanadium, and oxidizing vanadium in the vanadium-containing molten iron into slag; and (3) vanadium slag discharging: and when the content of residual vanadium in the molten steel is lower than a certain level, carrying out secondary slag tapping, and carrying out secondary slag iron separation to obtain vanadium-rich slag and molten steel. The invention realizes the separation of three elements of iron, vanadium and titanium in the same electric furnace, has short process flow and high vanadium-rich slag grade.)

1. A method for producing vanadium-rich slag by using an electric furnace is characterized by comprising the following steps:

charging: loading the vanadium-titanium metallized pellets into an electric furnace;

heating and melting: heating and melting vanadium-titanium metallized pellet furnace burden;

and (3) titanium slag discharging: slag is discharged for the first time after the vanadium-titanium metallized pellets are melted down, and titanium-containing slag and vanadium-containing molten iron are obtained after slag-iron separation;

oxygen blowing and vanadium extraction: blowing oxygen into the electric furnace to extract vanadium, and oxidizing vanadium in the vanadium-containing molten iron into slag;

and (3) vanadium slag discharging: and when the content of residual vanadium in the molten steel is lower than a certain level, carrying out secondary slag tapping, and carrying out secondary slag iron separation to obtain vanadium-rich slag and molten steel.

2. The method for producing vanadium-rich slag using an electric furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the "heat-melting" step, the vanadium-titanium metallized pellet charge is heat-melted by an arc generated by energizing the electrodes.

3. The method for producing vanadium-rich slag using an electric furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein an oxygen lance is disposed at a furnace wall or a furnace door of the electric furnace, and in the step "oxygen-blowing vanadium extraction", oxygen-blowing vanadium extraction is carried out using the oxygen lance.

4. The method for producing vanadium-rich slag using an electric furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vanadium-titanium metallized pellet has a t.fe content of not less than 60.0%, and TiO₂Content not higher than 15.0%, V₂O₅0.5-1.2% of C, 0.5-3.5% of CaO and SiO₂、MgO、Al₂O₃。

5. The method for producing vanadium-rich slag by using an electric furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vanadium-titanium metallized pellets are charged into the electric furnace in 2 to 4 batches.

6. The method for producing vanadium-rich slag using an electric furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vanadium-titanium metallized pellet is melted in an amount of 90% or more of the charge of the electric furnace.

7. The method for producing vanadium-rich slag using an electric furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first tapping is performed by pulling titanium slag into a titanium slag pan through a furnace door.

8. The method for producing vanadium-rich slag using an electric furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second tapping is performed by tapping the vanadium-rich slag into a vanadium-rich slag pan through a furnace door.

9. The method for producing vanadium-rich slag using an electric furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the "vanadium extraction by oxygen blowing" step, the flow rate of oxygen blowing is 0 to 2000Nm³/h。

10. The method for producing vanadium-rich slag by using an electric furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the "vanadium slag discharging" step, the slag is discharged for the second time when the content of residual vanadium in the molten steel is not more than 0.03%.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgy, and relates to a method for producing vanadium-rich slag by using an electric furnace.

Background

At present, the most common vanadium slag production method is to use vanadium-containing molten iron as a raw material, perform oxygen blowing operation in a converter or a foundry ladle or other equipment, oxidize vanadium into slag through selective oxidation to obtain V₂O₅Vanadium slag and semisteel of 16% or more, typically used in steel mills at home and abroad such as: climbing steel, bearing steel, New Zealand, south Africa, etc.

The process for extracting vanadium in a converter is a typical vanadium extraction process, and essentially comprises the steps of oxidizing vanadium-containing molten iron in the converter by using a high-speed pure oxygen jet flow by utilizing a selective oxidation principle, oxidizing vanadium in the molten iron into high-price stable vanadium oxide to enter a slag phase, and finally separating slag and semisteel to obtain vanadium slag. In the reaction process, the temperature of a molten pool is controlled to be below the carbon-vanadium conversion temperature by adding a coolant, so that the aim of removing vanadium and protecting carbon is fulfilled. The grade of the vanadium slag produced by the method is not more than 25%, and the method brings difficulty to the precise control of the smelting temperature of the vanadium extraction converter in order to ensure the subsequent semisteel steelmaking temperature requirement.

According to the report of the research on the experiment of smelting vanadium-titanium-containing direct reduced iron by an electric furnace, a certain steel enterprise in China carries out a process experiment of vanadium extraction and steel making by smelting vanadium-titanium metallized pellets by the electric furnace on a 3t common electric furnace, the experiment adopts metallized pellets obtained by direct reduction in a tunnel kiln, the average C content in the pellets is 0.53%, TFe76.9% and the metallization rate is about 91%, carbon is firstly prepared to reduce vanadium in the process of the electric furnace, and then vanadium extraction is realized by oxidation and enrichment, so that the aim of extracting vanadium by the electric furnace is fulfilled. In V-Ti metallized pellet₂O₅Under the condition that the content is 0.93 percent, the C content of the semisteel is 0.18 percent, the V content of the semisteel is 0.062 percent, the vanadium slag grade is 7.63 percent, and the highest vanadium slag grade can reach 10.21 percent. The process is not reported and popularized in the following.

In conclusion, the grade of the vanadium slag obtained by the traditional process for producing the vanadium slag by adopting the vanadium-containing molten iron is about 16 percent generally, and in order to meet the requirement of the subsequent semisteel steelmaking temperature, the vanadium extraction and carbon retention operation is required in the vanadium extraction process, so that the difficulty is brought to the accurate control of the process smelting temperature. Although some enterprises have developed experimental researches for extracting vanadium by smelting vanadium-titanium metallized pellets by using an electric furnace, the grade of the obtained vanadium slag is not more than 10%, and the process is not popularized and applied.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a method for producing vanadium-rich slag by using an electric furnace, wherein separation of iron, vanadium and titanium is achieved in the same electric furnace.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a method for producing vanadium-rich slag by using an electric furnace comprises the following steps: charging: loading the vanadium-titanium metallized pellets into an electric furnace; heating and melting: heating and melting vanadium-titanium metallized pellet furnace burden; and (3) titanium slag discharging: slag is discharged for the first time after the vanadium-titanium metallized pellets are melted down, and titanium-containing slag and vanadium-containing molten iron are obtained after slag-iron separation; oxygen blowing and vanadium extraction: blowing oxygen into the electric furnace to extract vanadium, and oxidizing vanadium in the vanadium-containing molten iron into slag; and (3) vanadium slag discharging: and when the content of residual vanadium in the molten steel is lower than a certain level, carrying out secondary slag tapping, and carrying out secondary slag iron separation to obtain vanadium-rich slag and molten steel.

Optionally, in the step of heating and melting, the vanadium-titanium metallized pellet burden is heated and melted by electric arc heat generated by electrifying the electrodes.

Alternatively, oxygen lances are arranged on the furnace wall or furnace door of the electric furnace, and in the step "oxygen-blown vanadium extraction", the oxygen lances are used for oxygen-blown vanadium extraction.

Optionally, the content of T.Fe in the vanadium-titanium metallized pellet is not less than 60.0%, and TiO is not less than₂Content not higher than 15.0%, V₂O₅0.5-1.2% of C, 0.5-3.5% of CaO and SiO₂、MgO、Al₂O₃。

Optionally, the vanadium-titanium metallized pellets are loaded into the electric furnace in 2-4 batches.

Optionally, the vanadium-titanium metallized pellet molten metal is more than 90% of the electric furnace charge melted.

Optionally, the first tapping is performed by pulling out titanium slag into a titanium slag tray through the furnace door.

Optionally, the second tapping mode is to tap the vanadium-rich slag out of the vanadium-rich slag pan through a furnace door.

Optionally, in the step of oxygen blowing and vanadium extraction, the oxygen blowing flow is 0-2000 Nm³/h。

Optionally, in the step of 'vanadium slag discharging', secondary slag discharging is carried out when the content of residual vanadium in water is not higher than 0.03%.

Alternatively, in the "charging" step, the vanadium titanium metallized pellets are charged into the electric furnace in batches or continuously.

Optionally, the vanadium titanium metallized pellet is in a cold state or a hot state.

Optionally, TiO in the titanium-containing slag₂The content is about 45 percent.

Optionally, the content of T.Fe in the vanadium-rich slag is 20-35%, and V is₂O₅The content is 30 percent.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the method adopts vanadium-titanium metallized pellets as raw materials, heats and melts furnace materials in an electric furnace through arc heat generated by electrifying electrodes, slag containing titanium is obtained through first slag discharge after melting down, then oxygen blowing is carried out to extract vanadium, and when the content of residual vanadium in molten steel is lower than 0.03%, vanadium-rich slag and molten steel are obtained through second slag discharge. Compared with the conventional vanadium extraction converter for producing vanadium slag, the process has the advantages of short production flow and high vanadium slag grade, and effectively utilizes vanadium resources in vanadium-titanium-iron concentrate.

Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out hereinafter.

Drawings

For the purposes of promoting a better understanding of the objects, aspects and advantages of the invention, reference will now be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic process flow diagram of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention in a schematic way, and the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.

Wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustrating the invention only and not for the purpose of limiting the same, and in which there is shown by way of illustration only and not in the drawings in which there is no intention to limit the invention thereto; to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.

The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there is an orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc., based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but it is not an indication or suggestion that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and the specific meaning of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic process flow diagram of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the vanadium-titanium metallized pellets are charged into an electric furnace according to a charging system; in the heating and melting process, the vanadium-titanium metallized pellet burden is heated and melted through electric arc heat generated by electrifying the electrodes; after the melting down, the slag is discharged for the first time in the titanium slag discharging process, and the titanium-containing slag (TiO in the titanium-containing slag) is obtained after the slag iron is separated₂About 45% in content) and vanadium-containing molten iron (the content of C in the molten iron is not higher than 3.5%, and the content of V is not higher than 0.8%); then, in the procedure of oxygen blowing and vanadium extraction, oxygen blowing and vanadium extraction are carried out through an oxygen lance arranged on the wall of the electric furnace or the furnace door, and most of vanadium in the vanadium-containing molten iron is oxidized to enter slag; when the content of residual vanadium in the molten steel is lower than 0.03 percent, carrying out secondary slag tapping in the vanadium slag tapping process, and carrying out secondary slag iron separation to obtain vanadium-rich slag (V in the vanadium-rich slag)₂O₅Content of 30 percent and TFe content of 20 to 35 percent) and molten steel, and refining the molten steel to produce steel products.

In the step of heating and melting, the vanadium-titanium metallized pellet furnace burden is heated and melted by electric arc heat generated by electrifying the electrodes; arranging an oxygen lance on the furnace wall or the furnace door of the electric furnace, and in the step of oxygen blowing and vanadium extracting, using the oxygen lance to blow oxygen and extract vanadium; the content of T.Fe in the vanadium-titanium metallized pellet is not less than 60.0 percent, and TiO is₂Content not higher than 15.0%, V₂O₅0.5-1.2% of C, 0.5-3.5% of CaO and SiO₂、MgO、Al₂O₃(ii) a The vanadium-titanium metallized pellets are loaded into an electric furnace in 2-4 batches; the vanadium-titanium metallized pellet molten metal is more than 90 percent of furnace burden molten; the first slag discharging mode is throughThe titanium slag is pulled out to a titanium slag tray through a furnace door.

The second slag tapping mode is to tap vanadium-rich slag into a vanadium-rich slag plate through a furnace door; in the step of oxygen blowing and vanadium extraction, the oxygen blowing flow is 0-2000 Nm 3/h; in the step of discharging vanadium slag, secondary slag discharging is carried out when the content of residual vanadium in water is not higher than 0.03%; in the step of charging, the vanadium-titanium metallized pellets are charged into an electric furnace in batches or continuously; the vanadium-titanium metallized pellet is in a cold state or a hot state; TiO in titanium-containing slag₂The content is 45 percent; the content of T.Fe in the vanadium-rich slag is 20-35%, and V₂O₅The content is 30 percent.

The method adopts vanadium-titanium-iron metallized pellets as raw materials, heats and melts furnace materials in an electric furnace through arc heat generated by electrifying electrodes, obtains titanium-containing slag through first slag discharge after melting, then carries out oxygen blowing to extract vanadium, and obtains vanadium-rich slag and molten steel through second slag discharge when the content of residual vanadium in the molten steel is lower than 0.03 percent. Compared with the conventional vanadium extraction converter for producing vanadium slag, the process has the advantages of short production flow and high vanadium slag grade, and effectively utilizes vanadium resources in vanadium-titanium-iron concentrate.

Finally, the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the claims of the present invention.