阅读说明：本技术 模拟岩爆条件下巷道支护系统抗冲击特性测试装置及方法 (Device and method for testing impact resistance characteristic of roadway support system under simulated rock burst condition ) 是由 薛飞 王天佐 吴松华 赵同阳 张玉 刘小霞 蔡瑞金 于 2019-09-06 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供模拟岩爆条件下巷道支护系统抗冲击特性测试装置及方法,包括主框架和锚杆,主框架上设升降电机,升降电机连接冲击梁,冲击梁上设立柱,立柱上设表面支护安装框架,表面支护安装框架内设表面支护构件,锚杆锚固于上下两段钢管内,上下两段钢管设上法兰和下法兰,上法兰设在冲击梁上并与冲击梁之间设压力传感器,表面支护构件上设配重块,部分配重块承载在表面支护构件上,部分配重块承载在下法兰上,螺母与表面支护构件之间设压力传感器和托盘,表面支护构件的下方和冲击梁上设加速度传感器,冲击梁两侧的下方设液压缓冲器,所述冲击梁中部的下方设摄像头,本发明提供了模拟岩爆条件下巷道支护系统抗冲击特性测试装置及方法。(The invention provides a device and a method for testing the impact resistance of a roadway support system under a simulated rock burst condition, which comprises a main frame and an anchor rod, wherein a lifting motor is arranged on the main frame, the lifting motor is connected with an impact beam, a stand column is arranged on the impact beam, a surface support mounting frame is arranged on the stand column, a surface support member is arranged in the surface support mounting frame, the anchor rod is anchored in an upper section of steel pipe and a lower section of steel pipe, the upper section of steel pipe and the lower section of steel pipe are provided with an upper flange and a lower flange, the upper flange is arranged on the impact beam, a pressure sensor is arranged between the upper flange and the impact beam, a weight block is arranged on the surface support member, a part of the weight block is supported on the lower flange, a pressure sensor and a tray are arranged between a nut and, the invention provides a device and a method for testing the impact resistance of a roadway support system under a simulated rock burst condition.)

1. Tunnel support system shock resistance characteristic testing arrangement under simulation rock burst condition, its characterized in that: the steel pipe pile comprises a main frame, an anchor rod and two sections of steel pipes, wherein the top of the main frame is provided with a lifting motor, the lifting motor is connected with an impact beam through a reel, the impact beam is provided with two stand columns, a surface supporting and installing frame is arranged between the two stand columns, a surface supporting component is arranged in the surface supporting and installing frame, the anchor rod is anchored in an upper section of steel pipe and a lower section of steel pipe through an anchoring agent, the deviating end of the upper section of steel pipe and the lower section of steel pipe is provided with an upper flange and a lower flange, the upper flange is arranged on the impact beam and provided with a pressure sensor between the upper flange and the impact beam, the surface supporting component is provided with a balancing weight, part of the balancing weight is borne on the surface supporting component, part of the balancing weight is borne on the lower flange, the shock beam is provided with a plurality of strain gauges, acceleration sensors are arranged below the surface supporting member and on the shock beam, hydraulic buffers are arranged below two sides of the shock beam, and a camera is arranged below the middle of the shock beam.

2. The device for testing the impact resistance of the roadway support system under the simulated rock burst condition according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the two sides of the main frame are provided with guide grooves, and two ends of the impact beam are connected in the guide grooves in a sliding mode.

3. The device for testing the impact resistance of the roadway support system under the simulated rock burst condition according to claim 1, is characterized in that: an ultrasonic probe is arranged at the hydraulic buffer.

4. The device for testing the impact resistance of the roadway support system under the simulated rock burst condition according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the three strain gauges are provided, respectively provided at the upper and lower surfaces 1/4 and 1/2 of the impact beam.

5. The device for testing the impact resistance of the roadway support system under the simulated rock burst condition according to claim 1, is characterized in that: still include the rod iron, the rod iron passes through bolted connection in the both sides of balancing weight.

6. The device for testing the impact resistance of the roadway support system under the simulated rock burst condition according to claim 1, is characterized in that: and a tray for supporting the surface supporting member is arranged at the bottom of the anchor rod.

7. The device for testing the impact resistance of the roadway support system under the simulated rock burst condition according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the side of the upright post is triangular.

8. The method for testing the impact resistance characteristic of the roadway support system under the simulated rock burst condition is characterized by comprising the following steps of: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,

(1) firstly, anchoring an anchor rod in a separate steel pipe by cement mortar or resin anchoring agent, then enabling the upper end of the steel pipe to penetrate through a central hole of an impact beam and a pressure sensor, fixing the upper end of the steel pipe by using an upper flange, then installing a balancing weight according to the quality of a to-be-simulated sprayed rock mass, and enabling the lower end of the steel pipe to penetrate through the central hole of the balancing weight and be fixed by using a lower flange;

(2) firstly fixing surface supporting components such as wire meshes, steel wire meshes or sprayed concrete to be tested on a surface supporting and installing frame, then enabling two stand columns of the surface supporting and installing frame to penetrate through two installing holes at the lower end of an impact beam and be fixed by bolts, enabling exposed ends of anchor rods to penetrate through the surface supporting components, sequentially sleeving a tray, a pressure sensor and a fastening nut on the exposed ends of the anchor rods, and then installing an acceleration sensor on the lower surface of the tray;

(3) according to the required impact energy, a lifting motor is started to lift an impact beam, an installed steel pipe, a counterweight block and a surface supporting member installation frame to a set height, a switch is started to release the impact beam after the impact beam is ready to fall freely along a guide rail of a main frame, when the impact beam falls onto a hydraulic buffer, the hydraulic buffer enables the impact beam to be rapidly decelerated to zero, momentum of a lower section of the steel pipe and the counterweight block is completely acted on an anchor rod and the surface supporting member, so that the anchor rod is stuck and detached at the discontinuous surface of the steel pipe, the surface supporting member protrudes outwards, displacement of the supporting system in the whole process of impact is recorded by a camera, and real-time impact force and acceleration are transmitted to a computer system through a pressure sensor and an acceleration sensor through data lines respectively.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of rock-soil testing equipment, in particular to a device and a method for testing the impact resistance characteristic of a roadway support system under a simulated rock burst condition.

Background

With the continuous exhaustion of shallow resources, the depth of underground mining is continuously increased, surrounding rock occurrence stress is also increased, deep roadways have obvious large deformation characteristics compared with shallow parts, and besides the fracture caused by the immediate rebound after the rock body is removed, the deep roadways are also related to the rheology of rock body materials under high stress and the long-term creep of discontinuous surfaces (joints, bedding, and the like), and in addition, the greater the surrounding rock stress, the greater the possibility that the rock is subjected to sudden failure and releases energy. Therefore, the deep roadway support system is required to have high support resistance and good deformability. Not only need can adapt to the rock mass displacement that causes because of resilience after the installation to and the creep that takes place along with the time, still need satisfy additional displacement demand under dynamic disasters such as rock burst to consume the energy that the rock mass released.

In view of the fact that an effective test device is still lacked for the impact deformation capability of a roadway support system under the condition of dynamic load and large deformation at present, the existing test devices only test one support structure, such as the tensile strength of an anchor rod, and the surface support member and the like, but the whole support system has potential safety hazard as long as one link of the support system is damaged, so that the impact resistance characteristic and the failure characteristic of the roadway support system under the deep rock burst condition can be comprehensively simulated, the impact resistance characteristic and the failure characteristic of the roadway support system under the deep rock burst condition can be better researched, and a theoretical basis is provided for rock burst support design and failure control.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a device and a method for testing the impact resistance characteristic of a roadway support system under a simulated rock burst condition, and solves the problems in the background art.

(II) technical scheme

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the device for testing the impact resistance of the roadway support system under the condition of simulating rock burst comprises a main frame and an anchor rod, wherein a lifting motor is arranged at the top of the main frame, the lifting motor is connected with an impact beam through a reel, two stand columns are arranged on the impact beam, a surface support installation frame is arranged between the two stand columns, a surface support component is arranged in the surface support installation frame, an upper section of steel pipe and a lower section of steel pipe are connected outside the anchor rod through an anchoring agent, the deviating ends of the upper section of steel pipe and the lower section of steel pipe are provided with an upper flange and a lower flange, the upper flange is arranged on the impact beam and provided with a pressure sensor between the upper flange and the impact beam, the surface support component is provided with a balancing weight, part of the balancing weight is borne on the surface support component, part of the balancing weight is borne on the lower flange, the shock beam is provided with a plurality of strain gauges, acceleration sensors are arranged below the surface supporting member and on the shock beam, hydraulic buffers are arranged below two sides of the shock beam, and a camera is arranged below the middle of the shock beam.

Furthermore, guide grooves are formed in two sides of the main frame, and two ends of the impact beam are connected in the guide grooves in a sliding mode.

Furthermore, an ultrasonic probe is arranged at the hydraulic buffer.

Further, three strain gauges are provided, respectively provided at the upper and lower surfaces 1/4 and 1/2 of the impact beam.

Further, still include the rod iron, the rod iron passes through bolted connection in the both sides of balancing weight.

Further, a tray for bearing the surface supporting component is arranged at the bottom of the anchor rod.

Furthermore, the side surface of the upright post is triangular.

The method for testing the impact resistance characteristic of the roadway support system under the condition of simulating rock burst comprises the following steps,

(1) firstly, anchoring an anchor rod in a separate steel pipe by cement mortar or resin anchoring agent, then enabling the upper end of the steel pipe to penetrate through a central hole of an impact beam and a pressure sensor, fixing the upper end of the steel pipe by using an upper flange, then installing a balancing weight according to the quality of a to-be-simulated sprayed rock mass, and enabling the lower end of the steel pipe to penetrate through the central hole of the balancing weight and be fixed by using a lower flange;

(2) firstly fixing surface supporting components such as wire meshes, steel wire meshes or sprayed concrete to be tested on a surface supporting and installing frame, then enabling two stand columns of the surface supporting and installing frame to penetrate through two installing holes at the lower end of an impact beam and be fixed by bolts, enabling exposed ends of anchor rods to penetrate through the surface supporting components, sequentially sleeving a tray, a pressure sensor and a fastening nut on the exposed ends of the anchor rods, and then installing an acceleration sensor on the lower surface of the tray;

(3) according to the required impact energy, a lifting motor is started to lift an impact beam, an installed steel pipe, a counterweight block and a surface supporting member installation frame to a set height, a switch is started to release the impact beam after the impact beam is ready to fall freely along a guide rail of a main frame, when the impact beam falls onto a hydraulic buffer, the hydraulic buffer enables the impact beam to be rapidly decelerated to zero, momentum of a lower section of the steel pipe and the counterweight block is completely acted on an anchor rod and the surface supporting member, so that the anchor rod is stuck and detached at the discontinuous surface of the steel pipe, the surface supporting member protrudes outwards, displacement of the supporting system in the whole process of impact is recorded by a camera, and real-time impact force and acceleration are transmitted to a computer system through a pressure sensor and an acceleration sensor through data lines respectively.

(III) advantageous effects

The invention provides a device and a method for testing the impact resistance of a roadway support system under a simulated rock burst condition. The method has the following beneficial effects:

1. the deep stable rock mass and the superficial injection rock mass are simulated respectively through the impact beam and the balancing weight, the dynamic response characteristics of the rock mass at different positions under the rock burst condition are well restored, an ultrasonic probe is adopted, a pressure and acceleration sensor, a strain gauge and a high-speed camera record the stress in the whole test process in real time, the data such as strain and acceleration are obtained, the impact force of the anchor rod in the whole impact process supporting system can be obtained through all-dimensional calculation, the deformation condition of a surface supporting structure is realized, and the deformation of the impact beam is realized, the tested impact resistance characteristic parameter of the supporting system has better pertinence and practicability to a rock burst condition roadway.

2. Through anchor rod and different positions country rock when disconnect-type steel pipe simulation rock burst, like the interact between deep stable rock mass and the shallow portion injection rock mass, the inefficacy process of simulation anchor rod and each position's failure characteristics that can be better when the atress of atress is used.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for testing the impact resistance of a roadway support system under a simulated rock burst condition according to the invention;

fig. 2 is a side view of the post.

Description of the labeling: 1. a main frame; 2. an impact beam; 3. a guide groove; 4. a surface support mounting frame; 5. a steel pipe; 6. an upper flange; 7. a lower flange; 9. a balancing weight; 10. a steel bar; 11. a tray; 12. a pressure sensor; 13. fastening a nut; 14. an anchor rod; 15. a hydraulic buffer; 16. an ultrasonic probe; 17. a strain gauge; 18. an acceleration sensor; 20. a surface supporting member; 21. a column; 22. a reel; 23. a lifting motor.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the device and method for testing the impact resistance of a roadway support system under a simulated rock burst condition according to the present invention are further described with reference to fig. 1 to 2.

The device for testing the impact resistance of the roadway support system under the condition of simulating rock burst comprises a main frame 1 and an anchor rod 14, wherein a lifting motor 23 is arranged at the top of the main frame 1, the lifting motor 23 is connected with an impact beam 2 through a reel 22, two upright posts 21 are arranged on the impact beam 2, a surface support installation frame 4 is arranged between the two upright posts 21, a surface support component 20 is arranged in the surface support installation frame 4, the anchor rod 14 is anchored in an upper section of steel pipe 5 and a lower section of steel pipe 5 through an anchoring agent, the deviating ends of the upper section of steel pipe 5 and the lower section of steel pipe 5 are provided with an upper flange 6 and a lower flange 7, the upper flange 6 is arranged on the impact beam 2 and is provided with a pressure sensor 12 between the impact beam 2 and the surface support component 20, part of the counter weight 9 is borne on the surface support component 20, and, the anchor rod 14 penetrates through the surface supporting member 20 and the tray 11 and is fixed through the fastening nut 13, the pressure sensor 12 is arranged between the fastening nut 13 and the tray 11, the impact beam 2 is provided with a plurality of strain gauges 17, acceleration sensors 18 are arranged below the surface supporting member 20 and on the impact beam 2, hydraulic buffers 15 are arranged below two sides of the impact beam 2, and a camera is arranged below the middle of the impact beam 2.

When in test, firstly, an anchor rod 14 is anchored in steel pipes 5 at two separated ends by cement mortar or resin anchoring agents, then the upper end of the steel pipe 5 passes through a central hole of an impact beam 2 and a pressure sensor 12, the upper end of the steel pipe 5 is fixed by an upper flange 6, then a balancing weight 9 is installed according to the quality of a to-be-simulated sprayed rock mass, the lower end of the steel pipe 5 passes through the central hole of the balancing weight 9 and is fixed by a lower flange 7, a surface supporting component 20 such as a wire net, a steel wire mesh or sprayed concrete to be tested is fixed on a surface supporting and installing frame 4, then two upright posts 21 of the surface supporting and installing frame 4 pass through two installing holes at the lower end of the impact beam 2 and are fixed by bolts, at the moment, the exposed end of the anchor rod 14 passes through the surface supporting component 20, a tray 11, a pressure sensor 12 and a fastening nut 13 are sequentially sleeved on the exposed end of the anchor rod, according to the required impact energy, a lifting motor 23 is started to lift the impact beam 2 together with the installed steel pipe 5, the counterweight 9 and the surface supporting member 20 to a set height, a switch is started to release the impact beam 2 after the impact beam 2 is ready, so that the impact beam 2 freely falls along a guide rail of the main frame 1, when the impact beam 2 falls onto a hydraulic buffer 15, the hydraulic buffer 15 enables the impact beam 2 to rapidly decelerate to zero, momentum of the lower steel pipe 5 and the counterweight 9 is completely acted on the anchor rod 14 and the surface supporting member 20, so that the anchor rod 14 is stuck at the discontinuous surface of the steel pipe 5, the counterweight 9 at the lower part is acted on the supporting member 20, so that the surface supporting member 20 protrudes outwards, the displacement of the supporting system in the whole impact process is recorded by a camera, and real-time impact force and acceleration are respectively transmitted to a computer system through a pressure sensor 12 and an acceleration sensor 18 through data lines, the device can measure the tensile resistance of the anchor rod 14 and the impact resistance of the surface support member 20 in the whole support system, so that the impact resistance and failure characteristics of the whole support system can be measured, and a theoretical basis is provided for rock burst support design and failure control.

In this embodiment the main frame 1 both sides are equipped with guide way 3, the both ends sliding connection of impact beam 2 is in guide way 3 for guide when impacting 2 impact downwards to impact beam.

In this embodiment, the hydraulic buffer 15 is provided with an ultrasonic probe 16 for monitoring the compression displacement of the buffer during the deceleration of the impact beam 2.

The strain gauges 17 are provided in three in the present embodiment, respectively at the upper and lower surfaces 1/4 and 1/2 of the impact beam 2, for monitoring the strain value of the beam during impact.

The steel bar 10 is connected to two sides of the balancing weight 9 through bolts, the balancing weights 9 on the upper side and the lower side are connected into a whole, and the balancing weights 9 are supported simultaneously.

The bottom of the anchor rod 14 in this embodiment is provided with a tray 11 for holding a surface support member 20 for supporting the surface support member 20 from local deformation by the weight of the clump weight 9.

In this embodiment, the side surface of the upright post 21 is triangular for better supporting the upright post 21.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.