阅读说明：本技术 一种永磁激励的圆锥式联轴器 (Permanent magnet excited conical coupling ) 是由 叶绪丹 王炅 于 2019-08-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种永磁激励的圆锥式联轴器,壳体为圆台形,直径大的端面无盖端,直径小的端面中心设有圆孔,内转筒设置在壳体内,主动轴一端穿过圆孔与内转筒端面中心固连环形密封圈套在主动轴上。内转筒的圆周外壁上间隔开有若干圈环形凹槽,每个环形凹槽内设有环形磁铁和锥台形隔离环。壳体无盖端固连密封端盖,从动轴固定在密封端盖的外壁面中心,密封端盖上设有灌注孔,通过堵塞密封,在主动轴的支撑下,内转筒外壁与壳体的内壁之间存在间隙,磁流变脂通过灌注孔进入间隙中。本发明以磁流变脂为传动介质、以环形磁铁为激励源,永磁体产生磁场穿过磁流变脂区域并产生一定的剪切应力用于传递动力,常用于起重机的传动机构系统中。(The invention discloses a permanent magnet excited conical coupling, wherein a shell is in a round table shape, the end face with a large diameter is not provided with a cover end, the center of the end face with a small diameter is provided with a round hole, an inner rotary drum is arranged in the shell, and one end of a driving shaft penetrates through the round hole to be fixedly connected with the center of the end face of the inner rotary drum through an annular sealing ring and is sleeved on the driving shaft. A plurality of rings of annular grooves are arranged on the circumferential outer wall of the inner rotary drum at intervals, and an annular magnet and a frustum-shaped isolating ring are arranged in each annular groove. The non-cover end of the shell is fixedly connected with a sealing end cover, the driven shaft is fixed in the center of the outer wall surface of the sealing end cover, a filling hole is formed in the sealing end cover, a gap exists between the outer wall of the inner rotary cylinder and the inner wall of the shell under the support of the driving shaft through blocking and sealing, and magnetorheological grease enters the gap through the filling hole. The invention takes the magnetorheological grease as a transmission medium and takes the annular magnet as an excitation source, and the permanent magnet generates a magnetic field to penetrate through a magnetorheological grease area and generate certain shearing stress for transmitting power, and is commonly used in a transmission mechanism system of a crane.)

1. A permanent magnet excited conical coupling is characterized in that: comprises that

The end face with the large diameter is not provided with a cover end, and the center of the end face with the small diameter is provided with a round hole;

the inner rotating drum (3) is arranged in the shell (10), a plurality of rings of annular grooves are formed in the circumferential outer wall of the inner rotating drum (3) at intervals, and each annular groove is internally provided with an annular magnet (11) and a frustum-shaped isolating ring (4);

one end of the driving shaft (1) penetrates through a round hole of the shell (10) to be fixedly connected with the center of the end face of the inner rotary drum (3) and is matched with the round hole through a ball bearing (2);

the annular sealing ring (12) is sleeved on the driving shaft (1) and is positioned between the ball bearing (2) and the inner rotary drum (3) to prevent the magnetorheological grease (6) from flowing out of the circular hole;

the sealing end cover (7) is fixed at the uncovered end of the shell (10) and forms a sealed cavity together with the shell (10);

the driven shaft (8) is fixed at the center of the outer wall surface of the sealing end cover (7);

the sealing end cover (7) is provided with a filling hole, the sealing end cover is sealed through a plug (9), a gap exists between the outer wall of the inner rotary drum (3) and the inner wall of the shell (10) under the support of the driving shaft (1), and magnetorheological grease (6) enters the gap through the filling hole.

2. The permanent magnet excited conical coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: the frustum-shaped isolation ring (4) is sleeved on the outer wall of the annular magnet (11) and used for isolating the magnetorheological grease (6).

3. The permanent magnet excited conical coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: each annular magnet (11) consists of two semicircular ring magnets which are concentrically arranged in the same plane, and the magnetization directions of the semicircular ring magnets in the annular magnets (11) are opposite.

4. The permanent magnet excited conical coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: the annular sealing ring (12) is made of silicon rubber materials.

5. The permanent magnet excited conical coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: the driving shaft (1), the driven shaft (8), the inner rotary drum (3), the shell (10) and the end cover (7) are all made of non-magnetic aluminum alloy materials.

6. The permanent magnet excited conical coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: the frustum-shaped isolation ring (4) is made of polyurethane material.

7. The permanent magnet excited conical coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: the annular magnet (11) is made of rare earth neodymium iron boron.

8. The permanent magnet excited conical coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: the soft magnetic particles in the magnetorheological grease (6) are carbonyl iron powder, and the viscosity of the material can be adjusted at any time.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to a power transmission device, and particularly relates to a conical coupler excited by permanent magnets.

Background

The coupling belongs to a mechanical universal part, is widely applied to all mechanical transmission systems, and mainly has the function of transmitting torque and motion. The traditional coupler is divided into a rigid coupler and a flexible coupler, the rigid coupler has the advantages of light weight, ultralow inertia and high sensitivity, but the requirement on the centering performance of two shafts is high, and the flexible coupler vibrates greatly when in use because the friction among parts is large, so that the service life of the parts is easily shortened. In addition, the conventional coupling can affect the equipment connected with the coupling when damaged, and cannot play a role in overload protection.

In fact, when many large mechanical devices are in operation, the situation of transmission overload often occurs, which slightly causes component failure or equipment scrap, and seriously endangers the life of personnel.

Patent 201220232275.4 discloses a spherical magnetorheological coupling, which uses magnetorheological fluid as a transmission material, an annular groove is formed in a driving ball, an excitation coil is wound in the groove and connected with an outer end circuit through a lead, and the magnetic field size and the shearing stress size of a working area of the magnetorheological fluid are controlled by adjusting the current size of an external circuit, so as to achieve the purpose of torque adjustment. In order to solve the problem, patent 201010501932.6 discloses a permanent magnet type magnetorheological fluid limit torque coupling, which has the following main structure: approximately 8-24 trapezoidal grooves are respectively machined on the driving drum and the driven rotor, the permanent magnets are embedded, the polarity directions of the permanent magnets are opposite, and magnetorheological fluid is injected into a gap between the driving drum and the driven rotor. The coupler not only has the overload protection function, but also has the characteristic of energy saving, but has the defect of insufficient transmission torque on large-scale equipment due to the arrangement problem of the permanent magnets, which is probably related to the maximum magnetic field intensity of the permanent magnets, and finally causes the output torque to be reduced.

The magnetorheological materials are mainly divided into magnetorheological fluid, magnetorheological elastomers, magnetorheological grease and the like, the rheological properties of the magnetorheological materials are basically similar, namely the magnetorheological materials can be instantly converted into a similar solid state under the action of an applied magnetic field and can generate certain shear yield stress, the magnetorheological materials can be converted into the original Newtonian fluid state after the magnetic field is removed, and the process is continuous, rapid and reversible. However, the magnetorheological fluid has the defects of particle deposition, poor sealing property and the like, and the magnetorheological elastomer can overcome the defects of the magnetorheological fluid, but the generated magnetorheological effect is not high, so that the magnetorheological grease is selected as the main transmission medium, the material has the advantages of difficult leakage and agglomeration, and the magnetorheological effect is very high.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a permanent magnet excited conical coupling, which takes magnetorheological grease as a transmission medium and an annular magnet as an excitation source, generates a magnetic field by a permanent magnet, passes through a magnetorheological grease area and generates certain shearing stress for transmitting power, and is commonly used in a transmission mechanism system of a crane.

The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a permanent magnet excited conical coupling comprises a driving shaft, a ball bearing, an inner rotary drum, magnetorheological grease, a sealing end cover, a driven shaft, a plug, a shell, an annular sealing ring, a plurality of frustum-shaped isolation rings and a plurality of annular magnets. The casing is round platform shape, and the terminal surface that the diameter is big does not have the lid end, and the terminal surface center that the diameter is little is equipped with the round hole, and interior rotary drum is round platform shape, sets up in the casing, and driving shaft one end is passed the round hole and is linked firmly with interior rotary drum terminal surface center to through ball bearing and round hole cooperation, the annular seal cover is on the driving shaft, and is located between ball bearing and the interior rotary drum, prevents that magnetic current becomes the fat and flows out from the round hole. A plurality of rings of annular grooves are arranged on the circumferential outer wall of the inner rotary drum at intervals, an annular magnet and a frustum-shaped isolation ring are arranged in each annular groove, and the frustum-shaped isolation rings are sleeved on the outer wall of the annular magnet and used for isolating magnetorheological grease. The end face with the large diameter of the shell is fixedly connected with the sealing end cover through a plurality of bolts to form a sealed cavity in the shell, the driven shaft is fixed to the center of the outer wall face of the sealing end cover, a filling hole is formed in the sealing end cover, the sealing end cover is sealed through blocking, a gap exists between the outer wall of the inner rotary cylinder and the inner wall of the shell under the support of the driving shaft, and magnetorheological grease enters the gap through the filling hole.

The driving shaft, the driven shaft, the inner rotary drum, the shell and the end cover are all made of non-magnetic aluminum alloy materials; the annular sealing ring is made of silicon rubber material; the frustum-shaped isolation ring is made of polyurethane material, and the annular magnet material is rare earth neodymium iron boron. Each annular magnet consists of two semicircular ring magnets which are arranged concentrically and in the same plane, and the magnetization directions of the semicircular ring magnets in the annular magnets are opposite.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the remarkable advantages that:

(1) the working medium of the coupler is magnetorheological grease, and the moving parts do not have solid contact, so that the main parts have extremely low abrasion and low noise, and the coupler has the advantages of impact resistance and the like.

(2) The ring-shaped magnet with high residual magnetic coercive force and high magnetic energy product is used as a magnetic source of the coupler, and the ring-shaped magnet is used for generating a magnetic field in the space where the magnetorheological grease is located, so that the magnetorheological grease has certain shearing yield stress, and further certain torque can be transmitted.

(3) The material of the ring magnet can be replaced according to the external working requirement, so that the magnetism of the ring magnet can be adjusted, and the purpose of adjusting the range of the transmission torque is achieved.

(4) The structure is greatly simplified, a complex electromagnetic control system is omitted, and the device has the characteristics of simple and compact structure, convenience in operation and low cost.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the permanent magnet excited conical coupling of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the manner in which the ring magnets of the permanent magnet excited magnetorheological overload protection cone coupling of the present invention are assembled.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the magnetizing method of the ring magnet of the permanent magnet excited conical coupling of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a frustum-shaped isolating ring of the permanent magnet excited conical coupling of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures.

With reference to fig. 1, the permanent magnet excited conical coupling comprises a driving shaft 1, a ball bearing 2, an inner rotary drum 3, magnetorheological grease 6, a sealing end cover 7, a driven shaft 8, a plug 9, a shell 10, an annular sealing ring 12, a plurality of frustum-shaped isolation rings 4 and a plurality of annular magnets 11.

Casing 10 is the round platform shape, and the terminal surface that the diameter is big does not have the lid end, and the terminal surface center that the diameter is little is equipped with the round hole, and interior rotary drum 3 is the round platform shape, sets up in casing 10, and 1 one end of driving shaft passes the round hole and links firmly with 3 terminal surface centers of interior rotary drum to through ball bearing 2 and round hole cooperation, annular seal 12 covers on driving shaft 1, and is located between ball bearing 2 and the interior rotary drum 3, prevents that magnetic current becomes fat 6 from flowing from the round hole. A plurality of rings of annular grooves are formed in the circumferential outer wall of the inner rotary drum 3 at intervals, an annular magnet 11 and a frustum-shaped isolation ring 4 are arranged in each annular groove, and the frustum-shaped isolation ring 4 is sleeved on the outer wall of the annular magnet 11 and used for isolating the magnetorheological grease 6. The end face with the large diameter of the shell 10 is fixedly connected with a sealing end cover 7 through a plurality of bolts 5, a sealed cavity is formed between the end face and the shell 10, the driven shaft 8 is fixed in the center of the outer wall face of the sealing end cover 7, a filling hole is formed in the sealing end cover 7, the sealing end cover 7 is sealed through a plug 9, a gap exists between the outer wall of the inner rotary drum 3 and the inner wall of the shell 10 under the support of the driving shaft 1, and the magnetorheological grease 6 enters the gap through the.

Referring to fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, a driving shaft 1 is connected to a housing 10 through a ball bearing 2 to form a revolute pair. The driving shaft 1, the driven shaft 8, the inner rotary drum 3, the shell 10 and the end cover 7 are all made of non-magnetic aluminum alloy materials; the annular sealing ring 12 is made of silicon rubber material; the frustum-shaped isolation ring 4 is made of polyurethane material, and the annular magnet 11 is made of rare earth neodymium iron boron (NdFeB). Each annular magnet 11 is composed of two semicircular magnets which are arranged concentrically and in the same plane, the magnetization directions of the semicircular magnets in the annular magnets 11 are opposite, and an electromagnetic control system with a complex coupling is omitted by adopting the annular magnets 11, so that the structure has the characteristics of simplicity, compactness and low cost. The soft magnetic particles in the magnetorheological grease 6 are carbonyl iron powder, and the viscosity of the material can be adjusted at any time.

With reference to fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 4, the specific implementation process of the present invention is as follows: the annular magnet 11 generates a magnetic field to act on the magnetorheological grease 6 area, so that magnetic particles in the magnetorheological grease 6 are chained and generate a magnetorheological effect, the chain structure greatly increases the shearing yield strength of the magnetorheological grease 6, the torque of the inner rotary drum 3 can be transmitted to the driven shaft 8 through the sealing end cover 7, the shell 10 is driven to rotate synchronously, the coupler has certain limit torque, and the torque in a certain range can be transmitted. If the load applied from the outside is too large and exceeds the shearing yield limit of the magnetorheological grease 6, the slip of the coupler can be caused, so that the rotating cylinder 3 and the driven shaft 8 in the coupler are separated, and the overload protection effect is realized. The annular magnet 11 is composed of two semicircular ring magnets, and is convenient to mount and dismount. In addition, the material of the ring magnet 11 can be replaced according to the external work requirement, so that the magnetism of the ring magnet 11 can be adjusted, and the purpose of adjusting the transmission torque range is achieved.