阅读说明：本技术 热水器挂墙结构和热水器 (Water heater wall-hanging structure and water heater ) 是由 余远明 王明 章军 闫龙 王刚 于 2019-09-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种热水器挂墙结构和热水器,其中,所述热水器包括壳体和内胆,所述壳体具有安装腔；所述内胆设置于所述安装腔内；热水器挂墙结构包括：固定座,所述固定座固设于所述内胆上；外挂件,所述外挂件设置于所述壳体的外部；紧固结构,所述紧固结构将所述固定座、壳体和外挂件的上部固定连接；外挂件的下部与所述壳体扣合连接。本发明技术方案有利于提高热水器的能效。(The invention discloses a wall-hung structure of a water heater and the water heater, wherein the water heater comprises a shell and an inner container, and the shell is provided with an installation cavity; the inner container is arranged in the mounting cavity; the wall-hung structure of water heater includes: the fixed seat is fixedly arranged on the inner container; the outer hanging piece is arranged outside the shell; the fastening structure fixedly connects the fixed seat, the shell and the upper part of the plug-in piece; the lower part of the outer hanging piece is connected with the shell in a buckling manner. The technical scheme of the invention is beneficial to improving the energy efficiency of the water heater.)

1. A wall-hung structure of a water heater is characterized in that the water heater comprises a shell and an inner container, wherein the shell is provided with an installation cavity; the inner container is arranged in the mounting cavity;

the wall-hung structure of water heater includes:

the fixed seat is fixedly arranged on the inner container;

the outer hanging piece is arranged outside the shell;

the fastening structure fixedly connects the fixed seat, the shell and the upper part of the plug-in piece; the lower part of the outer hanging piece is connected with the shell in a buckling manner.

2. The wall-hung structure of a water heater as claimed in claim 1, wherein a fastener is disposed at a lower portion of the outer hanger, and a fastening hole is disposed on the housing corresponding to the fastener; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

the lower part of the outer hanging piece is provided with a buckling hole, and the shell is provided with a buckling piece corresponding to the buckling hole.

3. The water heater wall hanging structure as claimed in claim 2, wherein the outer hanging member has a mounting surface, and the mounting surface is attached to the outer side wall of the shell;

one end of the buckling piece is arranged on the mounting surface, and the other end of the buckling piece extends from bottom to top or from top to bottom.

4. The wall-hung structure of a water heater as claimed in claim 3, wherein the fastener is provided with a fastening hole, the shell and the outer hanger are provided with a first through hole corresponding to the fastening hole, and the fixing member is fixed to the fastening hole by passing through the first through hole.

5. The wall hanging structure of claim 3, wherein when the free end of the fastener extends downward from the top and out of the housing area corresponding to the mounting surface;

the shell is provided with a second through hole corresponding to the fastening hole, and the fixing piece penetrates through the second through hole to be matched and fixed with the fastening hole.

6. The water heater wall hanging structure as claimed in claim 2, wherein the water heater wall hanging structure further comprises an insulating plate, and the insulating plate is connected with the shell through fastening structures and/or fasteners.

7. The wall-hung structure of a water heater according to claim 6, wherein a heat insulating material is arranged between the insulating plate and the inner container; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

and a heat insulation material is arranged between the insulation plate and the inner side wall of the shell.

8. The water heater wall hanging structure as defined in claim 6 wherein the insulation panel comprises a first insulation layer, a second insulation layer, and insulation disposed between the first insulation layer and the second insulation layer.

9. The water heater wall hanging structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the fastening structure comprises a bolt and a nut;

the wall-hung structure of the water heater further comprises an insulating plate, the insulating plate comprises a first insulating layer and a second insulating layer, and the nut is arranged in a space surrounded by the first insulating layer and the second insulating layer.

10. The wall hanging structure of the water heater as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 8, wherein the fastener comprises a guiding section and a fitting section disposed between the guiding section and the fixing section.

11. A water heater, comprising:

a housing having a mounting cavity;

the inner container is arranged in the mounting cavity;

a water heater wall hanging structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of water heaters, in particular to a wall-hung structure of a water heater and the water heater.

Background

The wall-hung structure of the existing electric water heater generally comprises an inner wall-hung plate and an outer wall-hung plate, wherein the inner wall-hung plate is positioned in a shell of the water heater and welded on an inner container of the water heater. The outer wall-hung plate is arranged outside the shell and is fixed with the inner wall-hung plate and the shell through at least two bolt structures. So for hang wallboard in with the heat of inner bag a large amount of through spiral component transmission to the water heater outside, make the heat of inner bag scatter and disappear seriously, reduced the efficiency of water heater.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a wall-hung structure of a water heater, aiming at reducing the dissipation of heat energy of an inner container and improving the energy efficiency of the water heater.

In order to achieve the purpose, the wall-hung structure of the water heater provided by the invention comprises a shell and an inner container, wherein the shell is provided with an installation cavity; the inner container is arranged in the mounting cavity;

the water heater wall-hung structure includes:

the fixed seat is fixedly arranged on the inner container;

the outer hanging piece is arranged outside the shell;

the fastening structure fixedly connects the fixed seat, the shell and the upper part of the plug-in piece; the lower part of the outer hanging piece is connected with the shell in a buckling manner.

Optionally, a fastener is arranged at the lower part of the outer hanger, and a fastening hole is formed in the shell corresponding to the fastener; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

the lower part of the outer hanging piece is provided with a buckling hole, and the shell is provided with a buckling piece corresponding to the buckling hole.

Optionally, the outer hanger has a mounting surface, and the mounting surface is attached to the outer side wall of the housing;

one end of the buckling piece is arranged on the mounting surface, and the other end of the buckling piece extends from bottom to top or from top to bottom.

Optionally, a fastening hole is formed in the fastening piece, first through holes are formed in the shell and the outer hanger corresponding to the fastening hole, and the fixing piece penetrates through the first through holes to be matched and fixed with the fastening hole.

Optionally, when the free ends of the fasteners extend downwards from the top and extend out of the shell area corresponding to the mounting surface;

the shell is provided with a second through hole corresponding to the fastening hole, and the fixing piece penetrates through the second through hole to be matched and fixed with the fastening hole.

Optionally, the wall-hung structure of the water heater further comprises an insulating plate, and the insulating plate is connected with the shell through a fastening structure and/or a fastener.

Optionally, a heat insulation material is arranged between the insulating plate and the inner container; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

and a heat insulation material is arranged between the insulation plate and the inner side wall of the shell.

Optionally, the insulating plate comprises a first insulating layer, a second insulating layer, and a thermal insulating material disposed between the first insulating layer and the second insulating layer.

Optionally, the fastening structure comprises a bolt and a nut;

the wall-hung structure of the water heater further comprises an insulating plate, the insulating plate comprises a first insulating layer and a second insulating layer, and the nut is arranged in a space surrounded by the first insulating layer and the second insulating layer.

Optionally, the fastener includes a guide section and a securing section disposed between the guide section and the securing end.

The invention also proposes a water heater comprising:

a housing having a mounting cavity;

the inner container is arranged in the mounting cavity; and the number of the first and second groups,

a wall-hung structure of the water heater;

wherein, the water heater wall hanging structure includes:

the fixed seat is fixedly arranged on the inner container;

the outer hanging piece is arranged outside the shell;

the fastening structure fixedly connects the fixed seat, the shell and the upper part of the plug-in piece; the lower part of the outer hanging piece is connected with the shell in a buckling manner.

In the technical scheme of the invention, the upper part of the outer hanging piece is connected with the shell and the fixing seat through the fastening structure, so that the weight of the inner container can be directly transmitted to the outer hanging piece through the fixing seat and the fastening structure, the shell is prevented from bearing overlarge load, and the installation stability of the water heater is improved; the lower part of the outer hanging piece is directly connected with the shell and is not connected with the fixed seat any more, so that the volume of the fixed seat can be greatly reduced, the total weight of the water heater can be reduced, the installation reliability is convenient to improve, meanwhile, the area of the heat of the liner which is transmitted outwards through the fixed seat can be greatly reduced, the dissipation of heat energy is effectively reduced, and the lower part of the outer hanging piece is not contacted with the liner, so that the heat energy of the liner is prevented from being dissipated outwards through the lower part of the outer hanging piece; in addition, the lower part of the outer hanging piece is connected with the shell in a buckling mode, so that the connection efficiency of the outer hanging piece and the shell can be greatly improved, and in some embodiments, in order to further improve the convenience and reliability of installation of the outer hanging piece, the lower part of the outer hanging piece is firstly buckled with the shell, and then the upper part of the outer hanging piece is connected with the shell and the fixing seat through the fastening structure, so that the installation efficiency is improved, the buckling mode is locked by the fixing of the upper part of the outer hanging piece, the buckling is prevented from falling off, and the installation reliability is improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a water heater according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a wall-mounted structure of a water heater according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of an embodiment of an insulating plate of a wall-mounted structure of a water heater;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of another embodiment of the insulating panel of the wall-hanging structure of the water heater;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of a wall-mounted structure of a water heater according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a portion of the structure at A in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a wall-mounted structure of a water heater according to another embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a partial structural view at B in fig. 7.

The reference numbers illustrate:

the implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiment of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the movement situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.

In addition, the descriptions related to "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, "and/or" in the whole text includes three schemes, taking a and/or B as an example, including a technical scheme, and a technical scheme that a and B meet simultaneously; in addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention mainly provides a wall-hung structure of a water heater, which is mainly applied to the water heater to reduce the energy dissipated outwards by an inner container 200 through the wall-hung structure, and is beneficial to keeping the water temperature of water in the inner container 200, thereby improving the energy efficiency of the water heater. The water heater is exemplified by a water heater having an inner container 200 for storing hot water, such as an electric water heater.

The specific structure of the wall-hanging structure of the water heater will be mainly described below.

Referring to fig. 1 to 8, in an embodiment of the present invention, a water heater includes a case 100 and a liner 200, the case 100 having a mounting cavity 110; the inner container 200 is arranged in the installation cavity 110;

the wall-hung structure of water heater includes:

the fixing seat 400 is fixedly arranged on the inner container 200;

an outer hanger 300, the outer hanger 300 being disposed outside the housing 100;

a fastening structure 500, wherein the fastening structure 500 fixedly connects the fixing base 400, the housing 100 and the upper part of the plug-in 300; the lower part of the outer hanger 300 is snap-coupled to the housing 100.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, the shape of the housing 100 may be many, for example, a cylindrical shape, and the cross section may be a circular shape, an oval shape, a kidney shape (a racetrack shape), or the like. The housing 100 may be made of various materials, such as metal, rigid plastic, etc. The shape of the inner container 200 may be various, for example, a cylindrical shape, and the shape of the inner container 200 may be equivalent to the shape of the mounting cavity 110 of the housing 100 in order to make the most of the space. The material of the inner container 200 is metal, but in some embodiments, other hard materials may be used. In order to improve the heat preservation effect of the water heater, a heat preservation material 630 is filled between the inner container 200 and the inner side wall of the installation cavity 110.

The fixing seat 400 is disposed at the rear side of the inner container 200 and mainly functions to transmit the gravity of the inner container 200 to the outside. In order to improve the uniformity of gravity transmission of the inner container 200, or the stability of the installation of the inner container 200, the fixing base 400 extends along the length direction of the inner container 200, so that the weight of the inner container 200 can be uniformly transmitted outwards through the fixing base 400. The connection form of the fixing base 400 and the inner container 200 can be many, if the fixing base 400 and the inner container 200 are connected through a fastener, welding, or the fixing base 400 and the inner container 200 are integrally formed. The fixing base 400 may have many forms, and may be a boss, and the fastening structure 500 is directly and fixedly connected to the boss. In some embodiments, in order to improve the utilization rate of the space, the boss is only disposed at a position where the boss is engaged with the fastening structure 500, and the boss is a hollow structure, that is, a portion where the fixing base 400 is engaged with the fastening structure 500, and has an installation gap with the liner 200, so that the nut 520 and the like can be installed therein, thereby improving the compactness of the structure. Of course, the hollow structure may be used not only for mounting the nut 520 but also for mounting the insulation plate 600, the thermal insulation material 630, and the like.

The fastening structure 500 may be in various forms, such as a screw, a rivet, etc., and in order to improve the reliability of the connection between the outer hanger 300 and the casing 100 and the inner container 200, the fastening structure 500 includes a bolt and a nut 520. At this time, the bolt passes through the outer hanger 300 and the housing 100, and is fixedly engaged with the nut 520. The nut 520 may be fixedly connected to the fixing base 400, or may be installed in the installation gap, so that the external hanging member 300, the casing 100 and the fixing base 400 (fixedly connected to the inner container 200) are fixedly connected by the cooperation of the bolt and the nut 520.

The outer hanger 300 includes a hanging portion connected to a wall body, and a mounting portion connected to the outer case of the water heater and the inner container 200. The mounting portion is disposed facing the housing, and in order to improve the mounting stability of the external pendant 300 and the housing, the external pendant 300 has a mounting surface 310, and the mounting surface 310 is attached to the outer side wall of the housing 100. Thus, the outer hanger 300 is attached to the casing 100, so that the area of the transmission force of the casing 100 can be greatly increased, that is, the stress area of the outer hanger 300 is increased, the stress of the outer hanger is balanced, and the stability of the outer hanger 300 is improved. The upper part of the outer hanger 300 is fixedly connected with the fixed seat 400 and the shell 100 through the fastening structure 500; the lower part of the outer hanger 300 is snap-coupled to the housing 100. Thus, the effect of mounting the outer hanger 300 to the housing 100 is improved.

In this embodiment, the upper portion of the external hanging member 300 is connected to the housing and the fixing base 400 through the fastening structure 500, so that the weight of the inner container 200 can be directly transmitted to the external hanging member 300 through the fixing base 400 and the fastening structure 500, thereby preventing the housing 100 from bearing an excessive load, and facilitating the improvement of the installation stability of the water heater; the lower part of the outer hanger 300 is directly connected with the shell 100 and is not connected with the fixing seat 400 any more, so that the volume of the fixing seat 400 can be greatly reduced, the total weight of the water heater can be reduced, the installation reliability is convenient to improve, meanwhile, the area of the heat of the inner container 200 which is transmitted outwards through the fixing seat 400 can be greatly reduced, the dissipation of heat energy is effectively reduced, and the lower part of the outer hanger 300 is not contacted with the inner container 200, so that the heat energy of the inner container 200 is prevented from being dissipated outwards through the lower part of the outer hanger 300; in addition, the efficiency of connecting the external hanger 300 and the casing 100 can be greatly improved by fastening the lower portion of the external hanger 300 to the casing 100, and it should be noted that, in some embodiments, in order to further improve the convenience and reliability of installing the external hanger 300, the lower portion of the external hanger 300 is firstly fastened to the casing, and then the upper portion of the external hanger 300 is connected to the casing 100 and the fixing base 400 through the fastening structure 500, so that not only is the installation efficiency improved, but also the fastening manner is locked by the fixing of the upper portion of the external hanger 300, and the fastening and dropping are avoided, thereby improving the installation reliability.

In the above embodiments, the external hanging member 300 and the housing 100 may be fastened in various manners, for example, the external hanging member 300 and the housing 100 may be fixed by fastening the fasteners 640, and may be limited by the fasteners 700 and the fastening holes 120.

The example of a snap connection is illustrated as being achieved by the mating of a snap fastener 700 with a snap aperture 120. The lower part of the outer hanger 300 is provided with a fastener 700, and the shell is provided with a fastening hole 120 corresponding to the fastener 700; alternatively, the lower portion of the outer hanger 300 is provided with a fastening hole 120, and the housing is provided with a fastening member 700 corresponding to the fastening hole 120.

The fastener 700 may be disposed on the outer hanger 300, and the fastening hole 120 is formed on the housing 100; the fastener 700 may also be disposed on the casing 100, and the fastening hole 120 is disposed at the lower portion of the outer hanger 300. The fastener 700 may be a component additionally mounted to the plug-in 300 or the housing 100, or may be integrally formed with the plug-in 300 or the housing 100.

Fastener 700 may extend upwardly or downwardly from fastening end 720 after passing through fastening aperture 120, and may be configured as desired. Specifically, one end of the fastener 700 is disposed on the mounting surface 310, and the other end of the fastener 700 extends from bottom to top or from top to bottom. After the fasteners 700 are matched with the fastening holes 120, the external hanger 300 and the housing 100 are pre-installed, and on this basis, the upper portion of the external hanger 300, the housing 100 and the fixing base 400 are connected together through the fastening structure 500.

In some embodiments, in order to further improve the stability of the connection of the lower portion of the external hanging member 300, fastening holes 710 are formed in the fastening members 700, and the fastening members 700 are further fixed to the housing 100 by the cooperation of the fixing members 800 and the fastening holes 710. The form of the fixing member 800 may be various, such as a screw, a rivet, etc. Therefore, the reliability of the connection between the outer hanging member 300 and the casing 100 can be greatly improved, which is beneficial to improving the installation stability of the water heater.

It should be noted that, due to the different extending positions of the fasteners 700, different through holes are required to be formed on the external hanging member 300 and the housing 100 for the fasteners 800 to pass through.

When the fastener 700 extends from the portion of the housing 100 covered by the external hanger 300, through holes need to be formed in the external hanger 300 and the housing 100 at the same time, specifically, a fastening hole 710 is formed in the fastener 700, first through holes corresponding to the fastening holes 710 are formed in the housing 100 and the external hanger 300, and the fixing member 800 passes through the first through holes and is fixed to the fastening holes 710 in a matching manner. Under the working condition, because the extending area of the fastener 700 is the area covered by the external hanging member 300, the structure compactness of the matching of the external hanging member 300 and the shell 100 is improved, and the improvement of the installation stability is facilitated.

When the fastener 700 extends out of the portion of the housing 100 covered by the external hanging member 300, the fastening matching between the fixing member 800 and the fastener 700 can be realized only by forming a through hole on the housing 100. Specifically, when the free end of the fastener 700 extends downward from the top and extends out of the area of the housing 100 corresponding to the mounting surface 310; a second through hole is formed in the housing 100 corresponding to the fastening hole 710, and the fixing member 800 is fixed to the fastening hole 710 through the second through hole. Under the working condition, the number of the holes can be reduced, the installation process is simplified, and the installation efficiency is improved.

The two working conditions can be set according to different requirements.

In some embodiments, to improve ease of installation and post-installation stability of fastener 700, fastener 700 includes a leading portion 740 and a conforming portion 730 disposed between leading portion 740 and fixed end 720. The end of the fastener 700 fixedly connected to the mounting surface 310 is a fixed end 720. Laminating section 730 is the arc setting, and its radian is equivalent with the radian of casing 100 inside wall, so, after buckling piece 700 inserts fastening hole 120, laminating section 730 and the laminating of the inside wall of installation cavity 110 for buckling piece 700 obtains big increase with casing 100's installation face 310 volume, thereby has increased bearing area, is favorable to improving installation stability. The guide segment 740 is curved to protrude away from the mounting surface 310 such that there is a gap between the guide segment 740 and the mounting surface 310. Thus, when the fastener 700 is mated with the fastening hole 120, the guiding portion 740 can enter the fastening hole 120 very conveniently, so as to guide the attachment portion 730 to enter, which is beneficial to improving the convenience of mounting the fastener 700.

In some embodiments, in order to improve the safety of the water heater and the reliability of the cooperation of the external plug 300 with the housing 100, the wall-hanging structure of the water heater further includes an insulating plate 600, and the insulating plate 600 is connected with the housing 100 through the fastening structure 500 and/or the fasteners 700. The insulating plate 600 may be fixed by the fastening structure 500 or the fastening member 700, but of course, in some embodiments, two types of fixing may be performed simultaneously.

The insulating plate 600 has the function of isolating current when the water heater has an electric leakage phenomenon, and avoiding safety accidents caused by the fact that the current is transmitted to the outside of the water heater through the fastening structure 500 or the buckling piece 700. In some embodiments, the insulating plate 600 may function not only as an insulator, but also as a heat insulator. Specifically, the insulating plate 600 includes a first insulating layer 610, a second insulating layer 620, and an insulating material 630 disposed between the first insulating layer 610 and the second insulating layer 620. Through setting up the insulating structure of multilayer, be favorable to improving insulating effect of insulation board 600, simultaneously, through set up insulation material 630 in it, when make full use of space, improvement compact structure nature, be favorable to improving insulating effect and heat preservation effect.

In some embodiments, to improve the compactness of the water heater structure and the stability of installation, the fastening structure 500 includes a bolt and nut 520; the wall hanging structure of the water heater further comprises an insulating plate 600, the insulating plate 600 comprises a first insulating layer 610 and a second insulating layer 620, and the nut 520 is arranged in a space surrounded by the first insulating layer 610 and the second insulating layer 620. In this embodiment, the first insulating layer 610 and the second insulating layer 620 may be made of a plastic material, and form an accommodating space after being connected, and the accommodating space may be filled with the thermal insulation material 630, and may be provided with the nut 520. In this way, by installing the nut 520 in the space surrounded by the first insulating layer 610 and the second insulating layer 620, reliable connection between the nut 520 and the insulating plate 600 is achieved, the space is fully utilized, and the compactness of the structure is improved.

It should be noted that, in some embodiments, in order to improve the installation convenience of the insulating board 600, the insulating board 600 may further have a clip 640, the clip 640 is disposed facing the inner side wall of the casing 100, and after the clip 640 is clipped with the casing 100, the insulating board 600 and the casing 100 are pre-installed, so as to be beneficial to fastening the structure 500 or the fastener 700 to further fix it.

In some embodiments, in order to further improve the heat preservation effect of the water heater, a heat preservation material 630 is disposed between the insulation board 600 and the inner container 200; and/or an insulating material 630 is arranged between the insulating plate 600 and the inner side wall of the shell 100. The thermal insulation material 630 may be a foam material, or may be a thermal insulation material 630 such as aerogel felt. So, through the setting of insulation material 630 for the heat preservation effect obtains further increase, and further reduction heat loses, is favorable to improving the heat preservation effect and the efficiency of water heater.

The invention further provides a water heater, which comprises a shell 100, an inner container 200 and a water heater wall-hanging structure, the specific structure of the water heater wall-hanging structure refers to the above embodiments, and as the water heater adopts all the technical schemes of all the embodiments, the water heater at least has all the beneficial effects brought by the technical schemes of the embodiments, and details are not repeated herein. The housing 100 has a mounting cavity 110, and the inner container 200 is disposed in the mounting cavity 110.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the present invention, which are made by the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.