阅读说明：本技术 脉动热管传热式太阳能梯级蓄热器 (Pulsating heat pipe heat transfer type solar energy step heat accumulator ) 是由 刘彪 章学来 喻彩梅 纪珺 华维三 王迎辉 房满庭 赵银旭 王绪哲 于 2019-03-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种脉动热管传热式太阳能梯级蓄热器,包括太阳能真空集热管、梯级相变材料储能芯、脉动热管、真空集热器盖、储能芯固定座、低温区储能腔、中温区储能腔、高温区储能腔,其中,所述太阳能真空集热管内外层之间为真空,内玻璃管的表面采用电镀方法镀有黑铬涂层,所述太阳能真空集热管内层装有所述梯级相变材料储能芯。所述脉动热管贯穿所述相变材料储能芯。所述太阳能真空集热管白天收集的热量储存在所述梯级相变材料储能芯中。由所述脉动热管将储存的能量传递到待加热的冷水中,该装置充分利用了太阳能和相变材料储能技术,可以解决太阳光照间歇性,能量密度低等问题,具有效率高、经济性好、绿色、环保等优点,可以满足家用和工业级别的应用。(The invention discloses a pulsating heat pipe heat transfer type solar energy stepped heat accumulator which comprises a solar energy vacuum heat collecting pipe, a stepped phase change material energy storage core, a pulsating heat pipe, a vacuum heat collector cover, an energy storage core fixing seat, a low temperature region energy storage cavity, a medium temperature region energy storage cavity and a high temperature region energy storage cavity, wherein vacuum is formed between the inner layer and the outer layer of the solar energy vacuum heat collecting pipe, the surface of an inner glass pipe is plated with a black chromium coating by adopting an electroplating method, and the stepped phase change material energy storage core is arranged on the inner layer of the solar energy vacuum heat collecting pipe. The pulsating heat pipe penetrates through the phase-change material energy storage core. The heat collected by the solar vacuum heat collecting tube in the daytime is stored in the step phase-change material energy storage core. The device makes full use of solar energy and phase-change material energy storage technology, can solve the problems of intermittent solar illumination, low energy density and the like, has the advantages of high efficiency, good economy, environmental protection and the like, and can meet the requirements of household and industrial level application.)

1. A solar energy stepped heat accumulator with a pulsating heat pipe heat transfer type is characterized by comprising a solar energy vacuum heat collecting pipe, a stepped phase change material energy storage core, a pulsating heat pipe, a vacuum heat collector cover and an energy storage core fixing seat, wherein the stepped phase change material energy storage core structure comprises a low-temperature region energy storage cavity, a medium-temperature region energy storage cavity and a high-temperature region energy storage cavity which are connected together in a welding mode, the phase change material phase change temperature range of the low-temperature region energy storage cavity is 10 ~ 30 ℃, the phase change material phase change temperature range of the medium-temperature region energy storage cavity is 30 ~ 60 ℃, the phase change material phase change temperature range of the high-temperature region energy storage cavity is 60 ~ 100 ℃, the bottom of the stepped phase change material energy storage core is fixed by the energy storage core fixing seat, the solar energy vacuum heat collecting pipe and the vacuum heat collector cover are connected in a threaded mode to form a heat preservation structure of the solar energy stepped heat accumulator with the pulsating heat pipe heat transfer type, and the phase change material energy storage core constitutes a heat storage structure of the solar energy stepped heat accumulator with the pulsating heat pipe heat accumulator, the pulsating heat pipe is a water, methanol, ethanol and one of Freon.

2. The pulsating heat pipe heat transfer type solar cascade heat accumulator according to claim 1, wherein the pulsating heat pipe is made of pure copper with the thermal conductivity of 399 at normal temperature, the boiling point of working medium of the pulsating heat pipe is within 10 ~ 30 ℃ and the liquid filling rate of the pulsating heat pipe is 37.5% to ~ 67.5.5%.

3. The pulsating heat pipe heat transfer type solar energy stepped heat accumulator according to claim 1, wherein the space between the inner layer and the outer layer of the solar energy evacuated collector tube is vacuum, and the surface of the inner glass tube is plated with a black chromium coating by adopting an electroplating method.

Technical Field

This patent belongs to the solar heat accumulator field, especially relates to a pulsation heat pipe heat transfer formula solar energy step heat accumulator

Background

The traditional heat accumulator has the problems of local overheating, slow heat release, poor heat preservation capability, small heat accumulation amount, mismatching with solar energy and the like in the heat accumulation process. The traditional solar energy adopts a mode of coupling a vacuum heat collecting pipe and a water tank, but the heat storage capacity is poor, the water tank occupies larger space, and a common solar water pipe is exposed in the environment, is easy to be frozen and cracked when the temperature is low in winter, and is greatly influenced by seasons and weather. The novel water tank-free solar heat pipe heat collector adopts heat pipes for heat transfer, and has low heat transfer efficiency.

The phase-change material and the solar vacuum heat collecting tube are utilized to efficiently store solar energy, the problems of local overheating, poor heat preservation capability, weak heat storage capability and the like in the heat storage process of the traditional heat accumulator are solved, heat transfer of fluid is enhanced, and the heat storage performance of the heat accumulator is improved. The problems that the material of the traditional phase-change material energy storage device is easy to leak and pollute and the like are solved.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art solar collectors, the solution to the problem adopted by the present invention comprises: solar energy shines on the solar vacuum heat collecting tube, the solar vacuum heat collecting tube heats through the convection heat transfer mode step phase change material energy storage core, the phase change material of step phase change material energy storage core heating different warm areas, phase change material adopt the layering encapsulation, low temperature district energy storage chamber, the phase transition temperature of encapsulation phase change material is 10 ~ 30 ℃, well warm area energy storage chamber, the phase transition temperature of encapsulation phase change material is 30 ~ 60 ℃, high temperature district energy storage chamber, the phase transition temperature of encapsulation phase change material is 60 ~ 100 ℃, and three phase change material energy storage chambers adopt welded connected mode to be connected step phase change material energy storage core the inside. The gradient phase-change material energy storage core is packaged with a material with a gradient phase-change temperature, solar energy can be utilized to the maximum extent, after the phase-change material in the low-temperature region energy storage cavity is subjected to phase change, the working medium in the pulsating heat pipe starts to be heated, the temperature rise of the phase-change material is segmented, the amplitude of the temperature rise of each segment is inversely proportional to the specific heat capacity of the material, and when the absorbed heat is constant, the specific heat capacity of the phase-change material is larger and the temperature change amount is smaller; whole device places on the roof, the thermal-arrest mode of a plurality of parallelly connected thermal-arrest is taken to pulsation heat pipe heat transfer formula solar energy step heat accumulator, and daytime sunlight shines on the pulsation heat pipe heat transfer formula solar energy step heat accumulator, the heat storage that solar energy evacuated collector tube collected is in the phase change material the inside in the step phase change material energy storage core, when the evening needs hot water, cold water is followed the left end of water pipe flows in, follows the water pipe right-hand member flows cold water is heated in the heat exchanger, the energy that phase change material stored pass through with pulsation heat pipe heat exchange gives energy transmission the condensation end of pulsation heat pipe the pulsation heat pipe condensation end gives cold water with heat transmission. The cold water flushes the condensation end of the pulsating heat pipe, the working medium at the condensation end begins to condense, in the cascade phase-change material energy storage cavity, due to the heating effect of the phase-change material, the working medium at the evaporation end in the pulsating heat pipe absorbs heat to generate bubbles, expands and boosts pressure quickly, the working medium is pushed to flow to the low-temperature condensation end, the working medium is heated by the phase-change material in the medium-temperature region energy storage cavity in the flowing process, the energy is increased, the working medium in the pulsating heat pipe is continuously heated by the high-temperature region energy storage cavity, the energy is further improved, the working medium flows to the condensation end, the bubbles are cooled, shrunk and cracked, the pressure is reduced, due to the pressure difference between the evaporation end and the condensation end and the imbalance of the pressure between adjacent pipes, the working medium oscillates and flows between the evaporation end and the condensation end, so that the heat transfer is realized, the whole, can be used in the household and industrial range.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a pulsating heat pipe heat transfer type solar energy stepped heat accumulator which comprises a solar energy vacuum heat collecting pipe, a phase change material energy storage core, a pulsating heat pipe, a vacuum heat collector cover and an energy storage core fixing seat.

Furthermore, the inner layer of the solar vacuum heat collecting tube is provided with the step phase-change material energy storage core, and the step phase-change material energy storage core comprises three phase-change material energy storage cavities, namely a low-temperature region energy storage cavity, a medium-temperature region energy storage cavity and a high-temperature region energy storage cavity, and is respectively provided with phase-change materials with different temperature regions.

Furthermore, the pulsating heat pipe penetrates through the stepped phase change material energy storage core, and the pulsating heat pipe is made of pure copper with the thermal conductivity of 399W/(m.K) at normal temperature.

Further, the pulsating heat pipe may have a cylindrical external structure or a flat external structure.

Furthermore, when the pulsating heat pipe heat transfer type solar energy cascade heat accumulator is installed, a plurality of groups of the pulsating heat pipe heat transfer type solar energy cascade heat accumulators can be connected in parallel, or a single pulsating heat pipe and the solar energy vacuum heat collecting pipe can be coupled.

Further, the vacuum heat collector cover is adopted at the pipe orifice part of the solar vacuum heat collector pipe.

The solar heat-storage heat-preservation solar water heater can realize the functions of heat storage in the daytime, heat preservation and heat release at night by utilizing solar energy, has the advantages of large heat release amount, high release rate, good cycle stability, no pollution and the like, and can meet the requirements of household and industrial grade application.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a stepped phase change material energy storage core of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a pulsating heat pipe of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a solar device using a pulsating heat pipe heat transfer type solar step heat accumulator.

In the figure: 1. solar vacuum heat collecting pipes; 2. a step phase change material energy storage core; 3. pulsating heat pipes; 4. a vacuum collector cover; 5. an energy storage core fixing seat; 6. a heat exchanger; 7. connecting a bracket; 8. a water pipe; 9. a low temperature region energy storage cavity; 10. An energy storage cavity of the medium temperature zone; 11. and a high-temperature area energy storage cavity.

Detailed Description

2 triplets of step phase change material energy storage core adopt the welding mode to link together, 2 bottoms of step phase change material energy storage core adopt energy storage core fixing base 5 is fixed, solar energy evacuated collector tube 1 with evacuated collector tube lid 4 adopts threaded connection's mode to connect, constitutes the insulation construction of pulsation heat pipe heat transfer formula solar energy step heat accumulator, phase change material energy storage core 2 is constituteed the heat storage structure of pulsation heat pipe heat transfer formula solar energy step heat accumulator, pulsation heat pipe 3 has been inlayed in the middle of the phase change energy storage core 2, 3 working mediums of pulsation heat pipe are one of them such as water, methyl alcohol, ethanol, freon, acetone.

The solar energy shines daytime on solar energy evacuated collector tube 1, solar energy evacuated collector tube 1 heats through the convection heat transfer mode step phase change material energy storage core 2, step phase change material energy storage core 2 is heated the back and is adorned the phase change material inside through the mode heating of heat-conduction, because step phase change material energy storage core 2 has 3 energy storage cavitys, and every cavity obtains the same energy, as shown in figure 2, is respectively low temperature district energy storage chamber 9 middle temperature district energy storage chamber 10 high temperature district energy storage chamber 11, it is little to adopt the specific heat capacity ratio in low temperature district energy storage chamber 9, and phase change temperature is at the phase change material of 10 ~ 30 ℃ low temperature phase transition.

After the phase-change material in the low-temperature region energy storage cavity 9 is changed in phase, the working medium in the heat pulsating heat pipe starts to be heated, and when the sunlight is sufficiently illuminated in the daytime, the efficiency of the heat transfer type solar stepped heat accumulator with the pulsating heat pipe is the highest, as shown in fig. 1. The temperature rise of the whole gradient phase-change material energy storage core is segmented, the amplitude of the temperature rise of each segment is inversely proportional to the specific heat capacity of the material, when the absorbed heat is constant and Q is cm delta t, the larger the specific heat capacity of the material is, the smaller the temperature change amount is, the corresponding phase-change energy storage material and the working medium in the pulsating heat pipe can be selected according to the local sunshine intensity and sunshine time, after the phase-change material in the low-temperature region energy storage cavity 9 is subjected to phase change, if the local light is sufficient, the phase-change material in the medium-temperature region energy storage cavity 10 and the phase-change material in the high-temperature region energy storage cavity 11 can be subjected to phase change, the phase-change material in the low-temperature region energy storage cavity 9 can be heated in the medium-temperature region energy storage cavity 10 after the phase-change material is completely phase-changed, and the phase-change material in the medium-temperature region energy storage cavity 10 can be heated, the melting energy of the middle-layer and upper-layer phase-change materials is not only from solar energy, but also from the phase-change materials in the low-temperature-region energy storage cavity 9.

The heat collected by the solar vacuum heat collecting tube 1 is stored in the phase-change material, as shown in fig. 1, and meanwhile, the solar vacuum heat collecting tube 1 and the vacuum heat collecting tube cover 4 play a role in heat preservation of the phase-change material, so that the purpose of heat preservation can be achieved while heat is stored. When hot water is needed in the evening, cold water flushes the condensation end of the pulsating heat pipe 3, and the condensation end begins to condense. In the step phase change material energy storage core 2, due to the heating effect of the phase change material, the working medium in the pulsating heat pipe 3 absorbs heat to generate bubbles, the bubbles are expanded and boosted rapidly, the working medium is pushed to flow to the low-temperature condensation end, the energy of the working medium is increased by heating the phase change material in the medium-temperature region energy storage cavity 10 in the flowing process, the working medium in the pulsating heat pipe 3 is continuously heated by the high-temperature region energy storage cavity 11, as shown in fig. 3, the energy is further increased, the working medium flows to the condensation end, the bubbles are cooled, contracted and broken, the pressure is reduced, and due to the pressure difference between the evaporation end and the condensation end and the imbalance of the pressure between adjacent pipes, the working medium oscillates and flows between the evaporation end and the condensation end, so that the heat transfer is.

The pulsating heat pipe, as shown in fig. 3, the structure of the condensation end part can improve the heat exchange efficiency of the pulsating heat pipe 3 and further improve the efficiency of the whole device, and two or more solar vacuum heat collectors can be connected in parallel to be installed in the solar device of the solar stepped heat accumulator which utilizes the pulsating heat pipe to transfer heat as shown in fig. 4.

When the sun irradiation is insufficient in winter, the phase change material in the low-temperature region in the energy storage cavity 9 of the step phase change material energy storage core 2 is subjected to phase change energy storage, and the phase change material in the medium-temperature region energy storage cavity 10 and the phase change material in the high-temperature region energy storage cavity 11 can still store energy through sensible heat. In summer, the solar illumination is sufficient, the phase change materials in the three temperature sections of the step phase change material energy storage core 2 are subjected to phase change energy storage, and the efficiency is highest at the moment. Energy stored in the phase-change material energy storage core 2 is transmitted to external cold water through the pulsating heat pipe 3, as shown in fig. 4, the pulsating heat pipe heat transfer type solar step heat accumulator stores heat, when hot water is needed, the cold water flows in from the left end of the water pipe 8 and flows out from the right end, the cold water is heated in the heat exchanger 6, the energy stored in the phase-change material is transmitted to the condensation end of the pulsating heat pipe 3 through heat exchange with the pulsating heat pipe 3, and the condensation end of the pulsating heat pipe 3 transmits the heat to the cold water.

The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.