阅读说明：本技术 一种吸收频段可调的吸声结构 (Sound absorption structure with adjustable absorption frequency band ) 是由 陈昌儒 王惠军 于 2019-09-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种吸收频段可调的吸声结构,属于吸声设备技术领域,解决了现有吸声材料具有低频吸声性能差、厚度尺寸大及不能全频段良好吸声而需要经常改变噪声频率的技术问题。本发明的超薄吸声结构,包括吸声主体结构,吸声主体结构包括多个结构相同且均匀排列的方形单胞；方形单胞包括依次连接的前面板、中间层和刚性背板；前面板上设有第一通孔及声波探测单元；中间层上加工有与第一通孔形状相同的第二通孔以及以第二通孔为起点进行盘绕的共面螺线管；共面螺线管的数量至少为一个；刚性背板上安装有结构控制器；结构控制器用于调整吸声频段。本发明的超薄吸声结构能实时探测噪声频率,并通过结构控制器进而调整吸声频段。(The invention relates to a sound absorption structure with an adjustable absorption frequency band, belongs to the technical field of sound absorption equipment, and solves the technical problems that the existing sound absorption material has poor low-frequency sound absorption performance and large thickness and size, can not absorb sound well in a full frequency band, and needs to change the noise frequency frequently. The ultrathin sound absorption structure comprises a sound absorption main body structure, wherein the sound absorption main body structure comprises a plurality of square unit cells which are identical in structure and are uniformly arranged; the square unit cell comprises a front panel, a middle layer and a rigid back panel which are sequentially connected; the front panel is provided with a first through hole and a sound wave detection unit; a second through hole with the same shape as the first through hole and a coplanar solenoid coiled by taking the second through hole as a starting point are processed on the middle layer; the number of coplanar solenoids is at least one; the rigid back plate is provided with a structure controller; the structure controller is used for adjusting the sound absorption frequency band. The ultrathin sound absorption structure can detect the noise frequency in real time and further adjust the sound absorption frequency band through the structure controller.)

1. The sound absorption structure with the adjustable absorption frequency band is characterized by comprising a sound absorption main body structure, wherein the sound absorption main body structure comprises a plurality of square unit cells which have the same structure and are uniformly arranged; the square unit cell comprises a front panel, a middle layer and a rigid back panel which are sequentially connected;

the front panel is provided with a first through hole and a sound wave detection unit; the middle layer is provided with a second through hole with the same shape as the first through hole and a coplanar solenoid which is coiled by taking the second through hole as a starting point; the number of coplanar solenoids is at least one; third through holes are formed in the rigid back plate, and the number, the position and the size of the third through holes are consistent with those of the second through holes; and the rigid back plate is provided with a structural controller, and the structural controller is used for adjusting the sound absorption frequency band.

2. The sound absorbing structure with adjustable absorption band according to claim 1, wherein the structure controller comprises a hose and an electric motor; the number of the hoses is the same as that of the third through holes; the electric motor is used to adjust the length of hose entering the coplanar solenoid.

3. The sound absorbing structure with adjustable absorption frequency band according to claim 1, wherein the coplanar solenoids are in the shape of spiral through holes, and the cross section of the coplanar solenoids is in the shape of square, rectangle or circle.

4. The sound absorbing structure with adjustable absorption band according to claim 1, wherein the coplanar solenoids are coiled in a coplanar coiled manner or in a spiral non-coplanar manner.

5. The sound absorption structure with the adjustable absorption frequency band according to claim 1, wherein the number of the coplanar spiral pipes is more than or equal to 2, and the coplanar spiral pipes are arranged in series, parallel or series-parallel.

6. The sound absorbing structure with adjustable absorption band according to claim 1, wherein the sound detecting unit comprises a sound detector for detecting the frequency, direction and intensity of noise.

7. The sound absorbing structure with adjustable absorption band according to claim 1, wherein the front panel, the middle layer and the rigid back plate are made of metal material or hard fire-resistant plastic.

8. The sound absorbing structure with adjustable absorption band according to claim 2, wherein the hose is made of soft fire-resistant plastic.

9. The sound absorbing structure with adjustable absorption band according to claim 2, wherein the hose is made of soft fire-resistant rubber.

10. The sound absorbing structure with adjustable absorption frequency band according to claims 1 to 9, wherein the thickness of the front panel is 0.1mm to 2 mm; the thickness of the middle layer is 1 mm-25 mm; the thickness of the rigid back plate is 0.1 mm-2 mm.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of sound absorption structures, in particular to a sound absorption structure with an adjustable absorption frequency band.

Background

The noise is everywhere in the life of people, and can seriously obstruct the normal rest, study and life of people; in addition, noise can also damage parts of vehicles such as automobiles, high-speed rails, jet planes, and the like. In addition, the reduction of submarine engine noise and missile launching noise is a key problem in the military field. Therefore, it is important to reduce the influence of noise on human and environment, and to absorb and reduce noise.

At present, the sound absorption material mainly takes porous materials such as sound absorption cotton, metal fiber felt and the like and a micro-perforated plate as main materials and is mainly based on the viscous force or resonance sound absorption principle. This results in the sound-absorbing material having the disadvantages of poor low-frequency sound-absorbing performance, large thickness dimension, inability of good sound absorption in the full frequency band, and the like. In addition, since the noise source is complex and varied, the frequency of the noise is also changed frequently, which further increases the difficulty of sound absorption and noise reduction.

In addition, the existing ultrathin sound absorption structure only has wide low-frequency sound absorption and ultrathin characteristics, but does not have the function of adjusting frequency.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the foregoing analysis, an embodiment of the present invention is directed to provide a sound absorption structure with adjustable absorption frequency band, so as to solve the technical problems that the existing sound absorption material has poor low-frequency sound absorption performance, large thickness, and cannot absorb sound well in full frequency band, and therefore, the noise frequency needs to be changed frequently.

The purpose of the invention is mainly realized by the following technical scheme:

the invention discloses a sound absorption structure with adjustable absorption frequency band, which is characterized by comprising a sound absorption main body structure, wherein the sound absorption main body structure comprises a plurality of square unit cells which have the same structure and are uniformly arranged; the square unit cell comprises a front panel, a middle layer and a rigid back panel which are sequentially connected;

the front panel is provided with a first through hole and a sound wave detection unit; the middle layer is provided with a second through hole with the same shape as the first through hole and a coplanar solenoid which is coiled by taking the second through hole as a starting point; the number of coplanar solenoids is at least two; third through holes are formed in the rigid back plate, and the number, the position and the size of the third through holes are consistent with those of the second through holes; and the rigid back plate is provided with a structural controller, and the structural controller is used for adjusting the sound absorption frequency band.

In one possible design, the structural controller includes a hose and an electric motor; the number of the hoses is the same as that of the third through holes; an electric motor is used to adjust the length of hose entering the coplanar solenoid.

In one possible design, the coplanar solenoid is in the shape of a helical through-hole and the coplanar solenoid has a square, rectangular or circular cross-sectional shape.

In one possible design, the coiled distribution of the coplanar solenoids is a coplanar coiled distribution or a helical non-coplanar distribution.

In one possible design, the number of the coplanar spiral pipes is more than or equal to 2, and the coplanar spiral pipes are arranged in series, parallel or series-parallel connection.

In one possible design, the acoustic detection unit includes an acoustic detector for ascertaining the frequency, direction and intensity of the noise.

In one possible design, the materials of the front panel, the middle layer and the rigid back plate are all metal materials or hard plastics.

In one possible design, the material of the hose is a soft fire resistant plastic.

In one possible design, the material of the hose is a soft fire-resistant rubber.

In one possible design, the front panel has a thickness of 0.1mm to 2 mm; the thickness of the middle layer is 1 mm-25 mm; the thickness of the rigid back plate is 0.1 mm-2 mm.

Compared with the prior art, the invention can realize at least one of the following beneficial effects:

(1) compared with the existing ultrathin sound absorption structure which cannot adjust the sound absorption frequency of the main absorption structure, the sound absorption structure with the adjustable absorption frequency band provided by the invention can detect the noise frequency in real time by setting the sound wave detection unit, after a noise source is generated, the sound wave detection can detect the sound wave frequency and send an instruction to the structure controller, and the main sound absorption structure absorbs the noise with corresponding frequency under the adjustment of the structure controller.

(2) The thickness of the front panel adopted by the invention is 0.1 mm-2 mm; the thickness of the middle layer is 1 mm-25 mm; the thickness of the rigid back plate is 0.1 mm-2 mm, the ultrathin sound absorption main body structure reduces the thickness of the required sound absorption material and widens the strong sound absorption frequency band, the sound absorption coefficients of the sound absorption structure from 385Hz to 1000Hz reach more than 0.8, the sound absorption frequency band is effectively widened, and the minimum thickness is 1/162 of the wavelength, so the sound absorption structure with the adjustable absorption frequency band has strong application prospect.

(3) The structure controller of the invention comprises a hose and an electric motor; the number of the hoses is the same as that of the third through holes; an electric motor is used to adjust the length of hose entering the coplanar solenoid. In operation, when a noise source is generated, the acoustic detector senses the noise frequency and sends a command to the electric motor structure, which, under control of the electric motor structure, adjusts the length of the hose into the coplanar solenoid to change the frequency of the absorbed noise.

In the invention, the technical schemes can be combined with each other to realize more preferable combination schemes. Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.

Drawings

The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, wherein like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout.

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a front panel provided in embodiment 1;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating the operation of the sound absorbing structure with adjustable absorption frequency band provided in example 2;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a front panel of a sound absorbing structure with adjustable absorption frequency band provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an intermediate layer of the sound absorbing structure with adjustable absorption frequency band provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of a rigid back plate of a sound absorption structure with adjustable absorption frequency band provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a hose of a sound absorbing structure with adjustable absorption frequency band according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a sound absorption effect diagram of the sound absorption structure with adjustable absorption frequency band provided in embodiment 3 of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

1-a front panel; 2-an intermediate layer; 3-a coplanar solenoid; 4-a rigid back plate; 5-a hose; 6-an electric motor; 7-acoustic wave probe.

Detailed Description

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention.