阅读说明：本技术 使用布鲁斯特角的皮肤光泽测量 (Use the skin gloss measurement of Brewster angle ) 是由 B·瓦尔格斯 A·J·M·J·拉斯 R·维哈根 于 2018-04-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种系统(1),包括用于测量皮肤参数的传感器(100),传感器(100)包括：(i)多个空间分离的光源(110),其被配置成提供光源光(111),以及(ii)检测器(120),其被配置在距光源(110)中的每个光源第一距离(d1)处,其中传感器(100)被配置成提供具有光轴(OL)的光源光(111),光轴(OL)与在第二距离(d2)处的皮肤成选自10°-80°的范围的入射角(α),并且被配置成检测反射的光源光(111),其中传感器(100)包括至少三个光源(110),其中光源(110)被配置成提供非偏振的可见光源光(111),其中第一距离(d1)选自10mm-80mm的范围,其中检测器(120)被配置成检测偏振光,其中传感器(100)包括配置在检测器(120)的上游的偏振器(104),并且其中偏振器(104)包括(i)分段偏振器(1041)和(ii)空间变化偏振器(1042)中的一个或多个。(The present invention provides a kind of system (1), including the sensor (100) for measuring skin parameters, sensor (100) includes: (i) multiple light sources (110) being spatially separating, it is configured to provide light source light (111), and (ii) detector (120), it is configured in away from each light source first distance (d1) in light source (110), wherein sensor (100) is configured to provide the light source light (111) with optical axis (OL), optical axis (OL) is with the skin at second distance (d2) at the incidence angle (α) of the range selected from 10 ° -80 °, and it is configured to detect the light source light (111) of reflection, wherein sensor (100) includes at least three light sources (110), wherein light source (110) is configured to mention For unpolarized visible light source light (111), wherein first distance (d1) is selected from the range of 10mm-80mm, wherein detector (120) is configured to detect polarised light, wherein sensor (100) includes polarizer (104) of the configuration in the upstream of detector (120), and wherein polarizer (104) includes one or more of (i) segmented polarizer device (1041) and (ii) spatial variations polarizer (1042).)

1. a kind of system (1), including the sensor (100) for measuring skin parameters, the sensor (100) includes: (i) more A light source (110) being spatially separating, is configured to provide light source light (111), and (ii) detector (120), be configured At away from each light source first distance (d1) in the light source (110), wherein the sensor (100) is configured to provide tool There is a light source light (111) of optical axis (OL), the optical axis (OL) and the skin at second distance (d2) are at being selected from The incidence angle (α) of 10 ° -80 ° of range, and it is configured to detect the light source light (111) of reflection, wherein the sensor It (100) include at least three light sources (110), wherein the light source (110) is configured to provide visible light source light (111), wherein The visible light source light (111) is unpolarized, and wherein the first distance (d1) is selected from the range of 10mm-80mm, Described in detector (120) be configured to detect polarised light, wherein the sensor (100) include be configured in the detector (120) polarizer (104) of upstream, and wherein the polarizer (104) includes (i) segmented polarizer device (1041) and (ii) One or more of spatial variations polarizer (1042).

2. system according to claim 1 (1), wherein the detector (120) includes 2D camera (101), wherein described Sensor (100) further include: be configured in the condenser lens (102) of the upstream of the detector (120), and be configured in institute State the aperture (103) of the upstream of detector (120) and the upstream of the condenser lens (102), wherein the aperture (103) it is straight Diameter (D1) is selected from the range of 0.1mm-0.8mm, and wherein the light source (110) is configured to provide unpolarized white light source light (111)。

3. system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the system (1) further includes analysis system (2), Wherein the analysis system (2) is configured to the sensor signal according to the sensor (100), generates corresponding skin sensing Device value.

4. system (1) according to claim 3, wherein the system (1) includes skin care device (3), wherein described Skin care device (3) includes the sensor (100) and the analysis system (2).

5. system (1) according to claim 4, wherein the system (1) includes: (i) skin care device (3), wherein The skin care device (3) includes the sensor (100), and (ii) is functionally coupled to the skin care device (3) the second equipment (200), wherein second equipment (200) includes the analysis system (2).

6. system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the segmented polarizer device (1041) includes pixel Change wire-grid polarizer (1043), the pixelation wire-grid polarizer (1043) with two or more there is different polarization to be orientated Pixel (1044).

7. system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the sensor (100) includes four light sources (110), and wherein the segmented polarizer device (1041) includes the pixelation wire grid polarization with two groups of two pixels (1044) Device (1043), described two groups two pixels (1044) have polarization orientation perpendicular to one another.

8. system (1) according to claim 7, wherein the spatial variations polarizer (1042) includes that azimuthal variation is inclined Shake one or more of device and radial variations polarizer.

9. system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the sensor (100) is configured to provide tool There is a light source light (111) of optical axis (OL), the optical axis (OL) and the skin at second distance (d2) are at being selected from The incidence angle (α) of 50 ° -60 ° of range.

10. system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the sensor (100) is configured to provide The light source light (111) with optical axis (OL), the optical axis (OL) and the skin at second distance (d2) are at being selected from The incidence angle (α) of 52 ° -56 ° of range.

11. system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the equipment includes sensing modes, wherein institute It states light source (110) and is configured to sequentially provide the light source light (111), wherein the detector is configured to sequentially detect By the light source light (111) for the reflection that the light source (110) is sequentially generated, and it is configured to generate corresponding detector letter Number, wherein the system (1) further includes analysis system (2), wherein the analysis system (2) is configured to according to the sensor (100) sensor signal generates corresponding skin sensor value, and wherein the skin sensor value is based on corresponding Detector signal is averaged.

12. system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the system (1) further includes analysis system (2), wherein the analysis system (2) is configured to the sensor signal according to the sensor (100), corresponding skin is generated Sensor values, wherein the system (1) is configured to create the image (1000) of the skin using the detector (120), Wherein the described image (1000) of the skin includes first area (1001) and second area (1002), in the first area (1001) maximum intensity is sensed in, the second area (1002) is away from (1001) first image distance of first area (1003) at, wherein the first area (1001) and the second area (1002) are not overlapped, wherein the system (1) goes back quilt It is configured to generate the skin sensor value based on intensity, the intensity is depended on along in the first area (1001) and institute State the light source light (111) of the reflection in the path (1004) between second area (1002).

13. system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the sensor (100) has sensor light Axis (O2), and wherein the light source (110) is configured as in rotational symmetry around the sensor optical axis (O2).

14. a kind of method for sensing skin gloss, according to any one of the preceding claims the method includes utilizing System (1) provides light source light (111) to skin, and it is described anti-to utilize the system (1) sensing to reflect at the skin The light source light (111) penetrated.

15. a kind of data medium has the program instruction being stored thereon, when described program is instructed by according to preceding claims When system described in any one of 1-13 (1) executes, the system (1) is made to execute the method according to claim 11, Described in system (1) include processor.

Technical field

The present invention relates to it is a kind of include system for measuring the sensor of skin gloss.The invention further relates to for evaluating The method of skin gloss.

Background technique

The problem of related skin gloss, is well known in the art.US2015127071 is (referring also to equivalent US9452113B2 or WO2013186716A2) be related to the processing of Oily, and describe skin rich in sebaceous glands and It is continuously updated.The secretion that US2015127071 further describes sebum is normal phenomenon, this all has skin and hair .Sebum is usually a kind of chemical agent for making epidermis moisturizing.It is the natural products of sebaceous glands, and sebaceous glands is pilosebaceous follicle The adjunct of unit.It is substantially a kind of lipid mixture of more or less complexity.Sebum protects skin and scalp, and passes through Lubrication cuticula makes hair gloss.

According to US2015127071, the hypersecretion (or seborrhagia) of sebum can lead to aesthstic obstacle.Therefore, sebum Excessive secretion, which may cause Oily, has bright or glittering appearance, and can also promote the oiliness dandruff shape of scalp The appearance of condition (or oiliness dandruff).It may be along with the increase of pore size.For example, for most people, pressure, fatigue It may be the factor for aggravating these situations with winter.In the crowd with Oily, it can be found that suffering from endocrine disturbance Or the main body of neurological disorders, or fat main body.It is also possible to be found to have the teenager of Oily, by excess hormones Crowd, menstrual period women or the climacteric women of (especially male hormones).

US2003045799 describes a kind of for observing the portable device of the similar properties of body.For example, the equipment It can be used for observing at least one characteristic of the appearance of skin or hair.At least two by inspection area can be generated in the equipment Image.In the feature other than the intensity of magnifying power and light source, image is different from each other.

US2010249731 describes a kind of method for measuring erythema, comprising: a) under the conditions of cross-polarization The digital picture of skin is obtained, wherein white calibration standard is included in the visual field of image；B) white standard, mark are directed to Red, green and blue channel intensity intermediate value；C) by taking the white standard value divided by red, green and blue respectively The logarithm of the ratio of the skin reflex value at each channel in channel, will be by the red of each pixel of image, green and blue The skin reflex value that intensity value provides is calculated as absorbance value, wherein all pixels for indicating skin, absorbance are equal to: Log (I white (red, green, blue)/I skin (red, green, blue))；D) from the green for all pixels for indicating skin Red channel absorbance value is subtracted in the absorbance value of channel；E) from the blue channel absorbance value for all pixels for representing skin Subtract red channel absorbance value；F) value that calculates in step (d) is calculated divided by the ratio of the value calculated in step (e)；And G) intensity map of the ratio calculated in step (f) is established.

US2014055661 describes a kind of imaging device comprising lens optical system including multiple first and second The imaging device and array optical equipment of pixel, wherein lens optical system includes the first optical region and the second optics area Domain, the first optical region pass principally through the light vibrated in the first polarization axis direction, and the second optical region passes through in each direction The light of upper oscillation；And array optical equipment is incident on the light across the first optical region in the first pixel, and makes across The light of two optical regions is incident in the second pixel.

JPH07323013 describe it is a kind of two optical paths are divided by the reflected light that will be reflected on a skin surface, and Receiving simultaneously has different polarization component from the first optical filter for light-receiving and the second optical filter for light-receiving Reflected light come the method for observing skin surface.The first polarized light filter for light-receiving is embedded in the reflected light from skin In the optical path through the light of half-reflecting mirror in, and in the optical path of the light for reflecting on mirror, for light-receiving Second polarized light filter is arranged to have different from the direction of polarized light of the first polarized light filter for light-receiving Direction of polarized light.Then, the specified polarised light from ring lighting device is emitted on the skin by polarized light filter, and And reflected light is received by the first polarized light filter for light-receiving by the first CCD camera.In addition, the reflection from skin Light is received by the second polarized light filter for light-receiving by the second CCD camera, and these picture signals are input into Identical image processing section.

Summary of the invention

There are the appearances that thin emulsifying film can significantly affect skin on skin surface.Containing from sebaceous glands and epidermal keratinocytes The sebum of the lipid of cell is mixed with sweat and from other of cosmetics and environment lipid, forms refractive index higher than epidermis The emulsifying film.Due to higher Fresnel reflection and smooth air-sebum interface, sebum makes skin seem more smooth.Skin Rouge generates the optimum balance between demand and assigns skin rough and healthy feeling, and in dermatology and cosmetically It is ideal.Smooth and Oily be considered as unsightly with it is beastly, and usually with various skin diseases (such as Seborrhagia, acne and hormone imbalances) it is associated.In the case where lacking sebum, skin is easy to be infected, and feels to itch, do It is dry, it appears that lackluster, have erythema and the scales of skin that peel off.

Therefore, sebum secretion rate and/or monitoring skin are controlled by using non-invasive optical device and method Come balance skin demand and its best lipid demand strategy look like it is necessary.

Equipment for measuring skin shine is well known in the art.But they may for example be rotated Position can not provide quantitative result to the dependence and/or possibly of skin.Therefore, it is an aspect of the invention to provide substitutions to set Standby (further applying more general term " system " here) and/or skin gloss method for sensing, preferably further at least Partly eliminate one or more disadvantages mentioned above.The purpose of the present invention is overcoming or improving at least one disadvantage of the prior art, Or provide useful alternative solution.

Particularly, the present invention provides a kind of system (" system " or " skin sensor system "), including for measuring skin The sensor of parameter, such as in particular selected from by skin gloss and skin oiliness (" sensor " or " skin gloss sensor ") structure At one of group or a variety of, which includes: (i) multiple light sources being spatially separating, and is configured to provide light source light (" light "), and (ii) detector are configured in away from each light source first distance (d1) in light source, and wherein sensor is matched The light source light (111) for providing and having optical axis (OL), the optical axis (OL) and the skin at second distance (d2) are provided For skin at incidence angle (α), which is configured to detect the light source light of reflection in particular selected from 10 ° -80 ° of range (reflecting at skin), wherein sensor includes at least two light sources, even more particularly includes at least three light sources, wherein light Source is particularly configured to provide unpolarized visible light source light, or even more particularly white light, and wherein first distance (d1) can be special It is not selected from the range of 1mm-100mm, such as 5mm-80mm, especially 5mm-60mm, more particularly 5mm-50mm is (such as especially It is 5mm-30mm), and wherein detector is configured to detect polarised light.

Using this system, skin gloss can be sensed in a manner of relatively reliable, while reducing sensor relative to skin The influence of the rotation of skin.In addition, can quantitatively estimate skin gloss using this system.Term " skin gloss " is herein The middle gloss for referring to skin, but also may refer to " skin oiliness ".Therefore, the term " skin gloss " of this paper can also be defined For " in particular selected from one of group being made of skin gloss and skin oiliness or a variety of skin parameters ".It can use herein The value of the systematic survey can reflect skin gloss and skin oiliness, because skin gloss may be related with skin oiliness. Herein, term " skin gloss " is occasionally used for instruction skin gloss or skin oiliness.Therefore, in embodiment, term skin Skin gloss may refer to skin gloss or skin oiliness, or refer in particular to for skin gloss.

As indicated above, the present invention provides a kind of systems including sensor.Term " system " may refer to list A equipment, for example, the shell with their own, but the equipment that also may refer to multiple Function Couplings, such as, such as sensor and Control system, or the control system including equipment, computer, smart phone etc..In embodiment, term " sensor " It may refer to multiple sensors.

Particularly, which includes shell, and such as system includes having the equipment of shell.Sensor can be substantially by shell Body accommodates.Shell may include aperture.This aperture can provide visual field for detector.In addition, the shell with aperture may be used also To provide second distance, second distance can be defined as aperture (that is, skin when sensor is configured on the skin) with The distance between detector (or the last optical device before detector (when from detector), especially lens). Second distance can also be indicated as free operating distance, and can be defined as the distance between aperture and detector, or Person is defined as aperture and (looking up from detector in the side in aperture) last optical device when optical device can be used The distance between.Therefore, second distance can also be indicated as during operation, the distance between skin and detector, alternatively, When optical device can be used, it is indicated as between skin and (being looked up from detector in aperture side) last optical device Distance.Shell can be counted as apart from retainer, because it defines skin and detector (or its last optical device) The distance between.This optical device is configured in the upstream of detector；That is, detector is configured in this (optional) optics The downstream of device.Second distance can be about 10mm-45mm, but even can achieve 200mm.Therefore, in embodiment, Second distance can be selected from the range (such as 10mm-30mm) of 10mm-200mm or the range of 40mm-80mm.Detector is configured At detection reflected light.Therefore, detector detects reflected light, to be imaged during (sequence) irradiation of (unpolarized) light source.Example Such as, due to the polarizer of the upstream of detector, detector substantially only detects polarised light.The optical axis of detector and the light of sensor Axis can be substantially coincident.In addition, the net optical axis (net optical axis) of the optical axis of sensor and all light sources can be with base It is overlapped on this.

Light source is specifically configured to so that they are away from detector first distance, which is less than (correlation) visual field (size).In addition, multiple light sources particularly may include two groups of (or multiple groups) light sources, light source is equidistantly configured with detector.It can To independently control these groups.In addition, for each light source in light source, first distance is not necessarily equal.Therefore, phrase " inspection Survey device be configured in away from each light source first distance (d1) in light source " and similar phrase can also be interpreted " light source It is configured at light source first distance (d1), wherein can be identical for the first distance of each light source in light source, or Wherein there are two or more different first distances in person ".Show as mentioned in this article, first distance can be in particular selected from 1mm- The range of 100mm.

Therefore, (() in one aspect) of the invention provides a kind of system, and system includes the biography for measuring skin parameters Sensor, the sensor include: that (i) is configured to provide multiple light sources being spatially separating of light source light, and (ii) detector, It is configured in away from each light source first distance in light source, wherein sensor is configured to provide the light source light with optical axis, The incidence angle (α) of optical axis is selected from 10 ° -80 ° of range, in which during operation, sensor (general) be configured on the skin, wherein The aperture of the shell of sensor on the skin, and is configured to detect the light source light (it is reflected at skin) of reflection, Middle sensor includes at least three light sources, and wherein light source is configured to provide visible light source light, and wherein visible light source light is non-inclined Vibration, and wherein first distance is selected from the range of 10mm-80mm, and wherein detector is configured to detect polarised light.System can To include other features as defined in appended embodiment.

System may include memory, processing equipment (or " processor " or " processor system " or " controller " or " control System "), user interface and be used to indicate the indicating unit of sensed skin gloss value (such as LED indicator be (for example, suitable In indicating different values by connecting 0-n LED according to the value sensed, wherein n is the institute for being used to indicate maximum sensing value The quantity of the LED used, wherein n is typically equal to or greater than 2, such as at least 3)) and/or display.

The example of user interface apparatus includes manual actuation button, display, touch screen, keypad, voice activation input Equipment, audio output, indicator (for example, lamp), switch, knob, modem and network interface card etc..Particularly, user interface is set It is standby to may be configured to allow the user to indicate that the device that user interface is functionally coupled with it, it is used in device Family interface is functionally included.User interface particularly may include manual actuation button, touch screen, keypad, voice swash Work input equipment, switch, knob etc., and/or optionally modem and network interface card etc..User interface may include that figure is used Family interface.Term " user interface " can also refer to remote subscriber interface, such as remote controllers.Remote controllers can be list Only special equipment.However, remote controllers are also possible to being configured to (at least) control system or device The equipment of App.

Controller/processor and memory can be any type.Processor can be able to carry out the operation of various descriptions And execute instruction stored in memory.Processor can be dedicated or universal integrated circuit.In addition, processor can be use In the application specific processor executed according to this system, or it can be general processor, the only one function in many functions Operation according to this system for executing.Processor can use program part, multiple program segments to operate, or can be benefit With dedicated or multipurpose integrated circuit hardware device.

Sensor includes: that (i) is configured to provide multiple light sources being spatially separating of light source light (" light ").Particularly, it passes Sensor includes at least three light sources being spatially separating.

Term " light source " may include light emitting semiconductor device, such as light emitting diode (LED), resonator light emitting diode (RCLED), vertical cavity laser diodes (VCSEL), edge emitter laser etc..Term " light source " can also refer to organic light emission Diode, such as passive matrix (PMOLED) or active matrix (AMOLED).In a particular embodiment, light source includes solid state light emitter (such as LED or laser diode).In one embodiment, light source includes LED (light emitting diode).Term LED can also refer to For multiple LED.In addition, term " light source " also may refer to so-called chip on board (COB) light source in embodiment.Term " COB " especially refers to the LED chip of semiconductor core sheet form, is neither packaged nor is connected, but is mounted directly to On the substrate of such as PCB.Therefore, multiple semiconductor light sources can be configured on the same substrate.In embodiment, COB is It is configured to more LED chips of single lighting module together.

In addition, light source is configured to provide unpolarized light source light.This allows sensor to export from the polarization direction of reflected light Information.

In addition, light source is especially configured to provide white light.The term white light of this paper is known to the skilled in the art. It particularly has the correlated colour temperature (CCT) between about 2000K and 20000K, the especially light of 2700K-20000K, For general illumination, especially in the range of about 2700K and 6500K, and for backlight (backlighting) purpose, especially Be in the range of about 7000K and 20000K, and especially BBL (black body locus) the about 15SDCM (mark of color-match Quasi- deviation) in, especially in the about 10SDCM of BBL, even more particularly in the about 5SDCM of BBL.Particularly, white light can To be provided by the blue-ray LED with yellow luminous material.This light source can provide substantially non-polarizable white light.

Sensor includes multiple light sources being spatially separating.This means that there are a certain distance between light source.Particularly, light Source is configured with intervenient detector.In addition, particularly, the maximum quantity of light source is about 12, such as 10, such as 8, such as 6 Or 4 or 3.Up to about 12, even more particularly up to about 8, such as up to about 6, allow to be configured around sensor, This also allows being spatially separating between adjacent light source, and being spatially separating () can be in the magnitude of about 1mm-100mm, such as at least 5mm, such as at least 10mm.

Therefore, in embodiment, system includes at least three light sources.In a still further embodiment, sensor has Sensor optical axis, and light source is configured as in rotational symmetry around sensor optical axis.In embodiment, light source can with light Axis at configuring relative to each other under the angle of 360 °/n, and wherein n is the quantity of light source.Therefore, system include at least three or In the embodiment of four light sources, the mutual angle with optical axis can be respectively 120 ° and 90 °.

Therefore, as indicated above, system particularly includes at least two light sources, even more especially at least three light Source, and light source is especially configured to provide unpolarized visible light source light, or even more particularly white light.

In embodiment, system can particularly include providing the multiple light sources of visible light source light, wherein visible light source light Be it is unpolarized, particularly, wherein essentially all visible light source light is all unpolarized.Particularly, each light in light source Source provides substantially unpolarized visible light source light.Therefore, these embodiments provide unpolarized light source light to skin, wherein light source Light is generally not partial polarization.Therefore, particularly, light source is configured to provide visible light source light, wherein visible light source light It is unpolarized.

As indicated further above, system further includes being configured in away from each light source first distance (d1) in light source Detector.Good result is obtained in the range of first distance (d1) is in about 1mm-80mm.Therefore, in specific embodiment In, first distance can be selected from the range of 1mm-80mm, especially select the range of 2mm-60mm, the model of such as 5mm-20mm It encloses, such as the range of 6mm-14mm.

Particularly, detector is configured to detect polarised light.For this purpose, detector may include be configured in detector upper The polarizer of trip.In this way, detector can only receive polarised light, especially S polarized light.In the following, further illustrating Some specific embodiments of polarizer.

Particularly, detector is configured to detect polarised light.Therefore, sensor may include configuring in the upstream of detector Polarizer.Polarizer can filter the light source light (reflecting at skin) of reflection, so that detector receives polarised light, especially S polarized light, or alternatively it is especially P-polarized light.

In a particular embodiment, sensor is configured to provide the light source light with optical axis (OL), optical axis (OL) with the At incidence angle (α), incidence angle (α) is configured to examine skin at two distances (d2) in particular selected from 10 ° -80 ° of range Survey the light source light (reflecting at skin) of reflection.Certainly, skin is not a part of system.However, system is configured specifically At skin of the measurement at second distance.For example, system may include apart from retainer or other elements, allow second away from The configuration of sensor from place.At the distance, it may be implemented indicated above at 10 ° -80 ° (more particularly, 20 ° -80 °) Incidence angle in range.In the specific embodiment being set forth further below, angle is selected from 20 ° -60 ° of range.

It is configured to be placed on the skin apart from retainer, so that skin is away from last before detector or detector Optical device (in terms of detector) second distance from.Particularly, it may be configured to lay flat on the skin apart from retainer, make Skin is obtained at away from last optical device (in terms of detector) second distance before detector or detector.Apart from retainer It can be included in the shell of sensor.Particularly, system may include the shell for being at least partially enveloping sensor, wherein Shell includes apart from retainer.Alternatively, system may include shell and (individual) apart from retainer；In this embodiment In, second distance can be further increased.It also may include aperture apart from retainer in addition to shell.

System or its at least part (such as shell) can be configured to pressure on the skin.It therefore, " on the skin " can be with Instruction system or its at least part are crushed on skin (during use), particularly, wherein apart from retainer (such as shell Body) it is crushed on skin.Therefore, term " second distance " refers in particular to generation during the use of system, detector or it is last The distance between optical device (in terms of detector) and skin.Second distance is that (or detector is upper for aperture/skin and detector The optical device of trip, when this optical device is available) between non-zero distance.Term optical device herein can be particularly Refer to lens.

In a particular embodiment, detector includes 2D camera, such as CCD camera TD-Next 5620 M7_1A and TD- Next 5640 M12_3B.Each pixel can be substantially made of blue, green and three red pixels respectively.This can be with Respectively detector provides blue, green and red channel intensity.

In embodiment, detector can have about 10*10mm²Detector area.Detector can have about 1,000,000 Pixel or more.

In a further embodiment, sensor can also include the condenser lens for being configured in the upstream of detector.It is poly- Focus lens may be configured to locate to have in focus with the detector in focus and/or on the other side of the lens at side In skin.Lens can provide good skin image at detector.

In embodiment, sensor can also include aperture of the configuration in the upstream of the upstream and condenser lens of detector. This can further increase resolution ratio.In embodiment, the diameter in aperture can be selected from the range of 0.1mm-5mm, more particularly The range of 0.1mm-2mm, such as especially range of 0.1mm-0.8mm.

The optical axis of system can be configured as perpendicular to detector.

In a particular embodiment, system can also include analysis system.Analysis system is configured to the biography according to sensor Sensor signal generates corresponding skin sensor value.Analysis system and sensor can be merged in one single, such as skin Skin cleaning equipment, skin regeneration equipment etc..Therefore, in embodiment, system includes skin care device, and such as this skin cleans Equipment, skin regeneration equipment etc., wherein skin care device includes sensor and analysis system.Analysis system can be by sensor Signal (more particularly, the signal of detector) be converted into may include the signal of the useful information of user, such as indicator list The instruction of skin shine on first (such as display or LED strip).Skin sensor value can be skin parameters, can be based on Skin sensor value is further processed into skin parameters by the predefined relationship between skin sensor value and skin parameters.

However, in other embodiments, sensor can be made of individual equipment, which wire or wirelessly couples To analysis system.For example, this analysis system can be made of smart phone.For example, App can be used for pickup and base Skin sensor value is shown in the sensor signal generated by sensor.Therefore, in another embodiment, system includes: (i) skin Skin care appliances, wherein skin care device includes sensor, and (ii) is functionally coupled to the second of skin care device Equipment, wherein the second equipment includes analysis system.Term " analysis system " can also refer to multiple systems that are mutually related.Example Such as, sensor can (further) include processor, and external equipment may include processor, and processor can lead to each other Letter.The processor of sensor can provide sensor signal, and the processor of external equipment generates instruction skin on its basis Glossiness/oiliness skin sensor value of skin.

Sensor signal can be detector signal.In other embodiments, sensor signal can be processed inspection Survey device signal.Therefore, in embodiment, phrase " being based on detector signal " also may refer to processed detector signal.Base In sensor signal, that is, it is substantially based on detector signal, analysis system can provide corresponding skin sensor value.

When system includes function device (such as skin cleaning equipment or skin regeneration equipment), which can be configured Movement is executed at according to the sensor signal (or skin sensor value) of sensor (for incuding gloss).For example, when reaching skin When some lower threshold value or upper threshold value of skin gloss (or skin oiliness), function device can provide a user signal, such as sound or Vibration signal.Alternatively or additionally, function device can decrease or increase specific action, such as basis according to sensor signal Sensor signal and increase or decrease the massage to skin.

Therefore, it yet still another aspect, the present invention also provides a kind of method of senses skin gloss, method is including the use of herein Light source light is supplied to skin, and the reflection source light reflected at skin using system sensing by defined system.

Method is executed especially with sensor on the skin, such as with the shell including aperture on the skin, Thus during operation, there are second distances between skin and detector or its last optical device.

Particularly, method is non-medical method.Particularly, this method is a kind of cosmetic method.

Moreover, there is the program instruction being stored thereon it yet still another aspect, the present invention provides a kind of data medium, when When the program instruction is executed by system defined herein, system is made to execute method as herein defined.

As indicated above, system may include polarizer.Polarizer is configured to allow only one or more specific It polarizes (polarization) and enters detector.Therefore, in a particular embodiment, sensor includes configuring in the upstream of detector Polarizer.Even more particularly, polarizer includes one or more in (i) segmented polarizer device and (ii) spatial variations polarizer It is a.This allows to reduce the influence of (rotation) position of detector, especially when being sequentially driven light source.In this way, it passes Sensor can detecte the reflected light of the function as light source.Using the different polarization of polarizer, the sensitivity of system can be higher.

Therefore, in a particular embodiment, equipment includes sensing modes, and wherein light source is configured to sequentially provide light source Light.In further specific embodiment, detector may be configured to sequentially detect the reflection being sequentially generated by light source Light source light, and it is configured to generate corresponding detector signal.As indicated above, system further includes analysis system, Middle analysis system is configured to generate corresponding skin sensor value according to the sensor signal of sensor, and in particular implementation In example, skin sensor value is being averaged based on corresponding detector signal.

In embodiment, segmented polarizer device includes pixelation wire-grid polarizer, has difference partially with two or more The pixel for orientation of shaking.Here, term " pixel " also may refer to region.Particularly, sensor includes n light source, and such as four Light source, and wherein segmented polarizer device includes pixelation wire-grid polarizer, and which has perpendicular to one another N pixel of polarization orientation, such as two groups of two pixels (in the case where four light sources).As indicated above, the value of n is special It is not at least 2, such as 3 or 4 or more.

In embodiment, spatial variations polarizer includes one in azimuthal variation polarizer and radial variations polarizer Or it is multiple, particularly allow greater number of transmitter to be configured to very close to each other.

Optimum can be obtained near Brewster angle.Therefore, in embodiment, sensor is configured to provide tool There is the light source light of optical axis (OL), optical axis is with the skin at second distance (d2) at incidence angle (α), and wherein incidence angle (α) is selected from 50 ° -60 ° of range, even more particularly, wherein incidence angle (α) is selected from 52 ° -56 ° of range.

Therefore, skin gloss measurement system and method are especially provided herein, are sent out using from multiple non-polarized lights The sequential illumination of emitter and detection path in segmented polarizer device or spatial variations polarizer, multiple non-polarized light transmitters with (substantially) incidence angle for being equal to Brewster angle or the angle of polarization irradiates skin.

When being sequentially driven light source, particularly preferred result can (therefore) be obtained.Due to light source be configured in it is different Position, therefore the dependence of angle of reflex behavior and polarization behavior and reflected light can provide additional information in this way (may generate due to skin texture and/or the inhomogeneities of illumination) and/or it can permit reduction sensor to the rotation on skin The dependence that indexing is set.

Therefore, in a particular embodiment, equipment includes sensing modes, and wherein light source is configured to sequentially provide light source Light.

For example, sensor can have the measurement frequency within the scope of 0.1*n Hz-100*n Hz, wherein n is light source Quantity.For example, all light sources per second have continuously irradiated skin and detector is (continuous in the case where 1*n Hz Ground) based on the possible reflection of corresponding light source measurement.

Certainly, it can also allow for addressing the subset of two or more light sources using multiple light sources.For example, when using four light When source, it can have two groups of two light sources, which configures (have detector therebetween) relative to one another, the multiple groups Light source is alternatively switched on and turns off.

The combination that these methods can also be applied, wherein for example, over time, the composition of this group of light source can change Become.For example, light source is sequentially addressed in mode during the predetermined time, and subsequent predetermined In time, light source is addressed as group (group).When this mode may include that repeatedly these are corresponding predetermined Between.All types of illumination schemes can be used further to generate the measurement of more reliable skin gloss.

Detector signal can be being averaged for the signal generated to corresponding light source.Therefore, in another embodiment, detect Device is configured to sequentially detect the light source light for the reflection being sequentially generated by light source, and is configured to generate corresponding detector Signal, wherein system further includes analysis system, and wherein analysis system is configured to the sensor signal according to sensor, generation pair The skin sensor value answered, and wherein skin sensor value is being averaged based on corresponding detector signal.Therefore, especially Ground, detector signal are initially treated, and are then averaged.In this way, detector signal can be to by corresponding light source The signal of generation is averaged.

As indicated above, system may include at least three light sources.In addition, as indicated in embodiment above , sensor has sensor optical axis (O2), and wherein light source is configured as in rotational symmetry around sensor optical axis (O2).

In further specific embodiment, also as indicated above, system can also include analysis system, wherein dividing Analysis system is configured to the sensor signal according to sensor, generates corresponding skin sensor value.There can be many modes Generate sensor signal.Although reporting many low-cost equipments for being used for domestic applications, surveyed using the gloss of these equipment Amount appears not to be quantitative, and is also possible to unrelated with subjective perception and reference device measurement.Method for estimating gloss Based on being carried out by the quantity to the white pixel higher than specific threshold in the camera image for using unpoiarized illumination to obtain Number.However, it appears that the gloss estimation of the quantity based on white pixel depends on incident intensity horizontal (and its fluctuation), threshold value And the variation (between individual and variation in vivo) of skin optical property, this is not satisfactory.

The specific embodiment of more reliable result can be provided in the following, it is described that some.

Therefore, in embodiment, particularly, system is configured to the image using detector creation skin, wherein skin Image include sensing the first area of maximum intensity and away from the second area at the first image distance of first area, wherein One region and second area are not overlapped, and wherein system is further configured to generate skin sensor values based on intensity, and intensity relies on In the light source light of the reflection along the path between first area and second area.Image can have image area.Firstth area Domain and second area can be the face of the 0.05%-30% (such as 0.05%-15%, such as 0.1%-10%) of such as image area Product.In addition, the first image distance (i.e. the distance between first area and second area, more accurately, the boundary in the two regions Between the shortest distance) can be about at least first area or second area area size.In general, first area and second It region can be essentially identical.Optionally, region can also be different, but can apply correction factor at this time.In addition, usually these Region is selected as square or rectangle, especially square.Sense that the region of maximum intensity can be the generation in image The region that the substantially region of mirror-reflection, i.e. light source light are reflected as mirror and detected by detector.

Therefore, the first image distance can be in the range of the square root of the 0.05%-30% of image area, such as image The square root of the 0.05%-15% of area, such as the square root of the 0.1%-10% of image area.Particularly, first area and The distance between two regions are subduplicate at least the 5% of image area.Note that image area can not have fixed value, and Being can be for example depending on amplification factor.

Furthermore, it is noted that term " creation image " and similar terms may not necessarily be included in the true figure of sometime creation Picture, but can also refer to the value of the different location read detector in detector surface.

Seeming can information can be with derived from the region from two regions and/or between (straight) line or the two regions Information about glossiness is provided, this can permit quantization skin gloss (including skin oiliness), especially system by (referring also to hereafter) when calibration.

Therefore, in embodiment, system is configured to by along the road between first area and second area Slope of a curve defined by the intensity of the light source light of the reflection of diameter, Lai Shengcheng skin sensor values.Therefore, based on the oblique of curve The angle of rate or curve, it appears that useful skin gloss value can be generated.

Alternatively or additionally, system is configured to by along the path between first area and second area Reflection light source light intensity limit curve lower section area (area), Lai Shengcheng skin sensor values.Therefore, equally Ground, the angle based on area or curve below curve, it appears that useful skin gloss value can be generated.Path can also be by It is designated as straight path or line.

Alternatively or additionally, the quantity that system is configured to the pixel of the image higher than predefined thresholds is come Generate skin sensor value.Therefore, the quantity based on the pixel for being higher than threshold value, it appears that useful skin gloss also can be generated Value.

In addition, alternatively or additionally, system be configured to be utilized respectively corresponding image pixel intensities weighting, Skin sensor values is generated higher than the par of the pixel of the image of predefined thresholds.And hence it is also possible to based on threshold is higher than The pixel quantity of the weighting of value generates useful skin gloss value.

Moreover, alternatively or additionally, system is configured to the integrated intensity of first area and second area Relationship between (integrated intensity) generates skin sensor values.Therefore, the mirror surface of these corresponding ratios is anti- The ratio for penetrating intensity and Diffusive intensity can be used for generating skin gloss value.For example, when utilizing substantially mirror-reflection Region and when using substantially irreflexive regional calibration system, can be from the mirror-reflection intensity of these corresponding ratios and unrestrained The ratio of reflected intensity exports skin gloss parameters.

In addition, alternatively or additionally, system is configured to define in the picture binary large object (" blob "), and Wherein system be configured to one or more of mean size and largest amount based on the binary large object in image come Generate skin sensor value.Therefore, useful skin gloss also can be generated in the quantity based on blob and/or the size of blob Value.Therefore, in this embodiment, blob is not defined using the quantity of white pixel itself.And hence it is also possible to be that A little blob define threshold value, such as at least adjacent pixel of k quantity in certain strength threshold value.

In the above-described embodiments, it repeatedly refers to calibrate.Especially for quantifying for skin gloss or skin oiliness Assessment, the calibration of system, more accurately, the calibration of sensor (and in fact, being therefore detector) can be useful.It can To carry out the calibration after producing sensor.Alternatively or additionally, can based on exemplary sensors it is one or more compared with Early calibration, to the calibration implemented in software of each sensor.Calibration is also possible to a part of measurement process, or can periodically pacify Row.In a particular embodiment, implement primary calibration after producing sensor.In addition, system may include control routine, the control Routine processed sensor parameters based on reference sensor or can update calibration based on drift in signal etc..

In a particular embodiment, system is configured to after flat field correction, is generated according to the sensor signal of sensor Corresponding skin sensor value.Flat field correction is a kind of for improving the technology of digital imaging quality.Flat field correction is particularly used Mistake in variation and/or optical path of the compensation due to the pixel to pixel sensitivity of the inhomogeneities, detector that illuminate and detect The artifact of very caused 2-D image.As indicated above, flat field correction can be based on the survey with pure diffusing reflection benchmark Amount, such as, as the diffusing reflection standard of Spectralon.Based on this measurement, flat field correction can be provided, can be used in (such as It is described herein) in any measurement.

In a still further embodiment, system is configured to red, the phase in green and blue channel based on detector Induction signal is averaged, and generates corresponding skin sensor value according to the sensor signal of sensor.

Detailed description of the invention

The embodiment of the present invention only will be described with reference to accompanying schematic figure by way of example now, wherein corresponding attached Icon note indicates corresponding component, and wherein:

Fig. 1 a- Fig. 1 b schematically depicts some aspects of system；

Fig. 2 a- Fig. 2 b: the optical layout of system model for simulating, and some aspects related with visual field；Fig. 3 A- Fig. 3 C: the power on sensor obtained for various luster value is distributed.Gray value is the logarithm of power density；

Fig. 4: from ray trace calculate the power of mirror-reflection and the power of diffusing reflection background between ratio, light with Track is the function from 0% (diffusing reflection standard) to the gloss value of 100% (mirror) range；

Fig. 5: when being irradiated using multiple transmitters with loop configurations, and using having uniformly partially in detection path When the polarizer for property of shaking, the polarization state that detects is schematically illustrated；

Fig. 6: in the reflection and transmission of the non-polarized light of interface；

Fig. 7: for minimizing the signal of the polarization schemes of illumination and detection of the gloss value to the dependence of sensor rotation It indicates；

Fig. 8 a- Fig. 8 b schematically depicts some realities of spatial variations polarizing filter or delayer (retarders) Apply example；

Fig. 9: the pattern of the nano wire polarizing filter array for CMOS polarization image sensor, CMOS polarization image pass Sensor is made of four sub-pixels, and four sub-pixels have a benchmark pixel and with 0 °, 45 ° and 90 ° three be orientated covering The pixel of grid；

Figure 10: possible polarization schemes for illuminating and detecting schematically illustrate；

Figure 11: for different threshold values, the white pixel of the in-vivo measurement of the function of the rotation angle as sensor The variation of quantity；

Figure 12: the calibration based on the measurement on calibration standard, diffusing reflection standard and reflecting mirror to professional gloss meter；

Figure 13: for estimate gloss value in lower gloss range distinct methods (angle, S/D than, weighting pixel Quantity) comparison；

Figure 14: for estimate gloss value within the scope of higher gloss distinct methods (angle, S/D than, weighting pixel Quantity) comparison；

Figure 15 a- Figure 15 d: the diagram for the image processing step based on slope (angle) estimation gloss.

Schematic diagram is not drawn necessarily to scale.

Specific embodiment

Fig. 1 a schematically depicts system 1 comprising for measuring skin parameters (selected from by skin gloss and skin oil Property one of the group or a variety of that constitutes) sensor 100.Sensor 100 includes multiple light sources 110 being spatially separating and detection Device 120, light source 110 are configured to provide light source light 111, and detector 120 is configured in away from each light source first in light source 110 At distance d1.Sensor 100 be configured to provide have optical axis OL light source light 111, optical axis OL at second distance d2 Skin is configured to detect the light source light 111 of reflection at the incident angle α selected from 10 ° -80 ° of range.Here, sensor 100 can include particularly at least three light sources 110, in order to make it easy to understand, depicting only two, wherein light source 110 is configured At the unpolarized visible light source light 111 of offer.First distance d1 can be examined for example selected from the range of 10mm-80mm, and wherein Device 120 is surveyed to be configured to detect polarised light.

For example, detector 120 may include 2D camera 101.In addition, sensor 100 may include configuration in detector 120 Upstream condenser lens 102, and configuration the upstream and condenser lens 102 of detector 120 upstream aperture 103.Hole Diameter 103 has the diameter D1 of the range selected from 0.1mm-0.8mm.Condenser lens may, for example, be f5mm-15mm, as 10mm is saturating Mirror.In addition, system may include the second condenser lens, needed for the combination of the lens and the first lens can provide for whole system Visual field and depth of focus (see, for example, Fig. 2 a).Light source 110 is configured to provide unpolarized white light source light 111.

As indicated in Fig. 1 a, system 1 can also include analysis system 2, and wherein analysis system 2 is configured to according to biography The sensor signal of sensor 100 generates corresponding skin sensor value.

Analysis system 2 can also be included included by the equipment of sensor 100 (referring also to Fig. 1 b), or can be separated Equipment include.Fig. 1 a also depicts schematically this embodiment that wherein system 1 includes skin care device 3, wherein skin Skin care appliances 3 include sensor 100, and are functionally coupled to the second equipment 200 of skin care device 3, wherein the Two equipment 200 include analysis system 2.

Sensor 100 includes opening 107.The opening can be particularly flat, i.e., its periphery can have substantially Flat edge.In this way, sensor can be configured flatly on the skin.Opening 107 can have diameter D2 or Equivalent diameter D2, can be in the range of about 10mm-30mm.

The optical axis of appended drawing reference O2 reference sensor 100.When sensor 100 is configured on the skin, which can be with base It is overlapped in sheet with the normal of skin.

The upper surface of appended drawing reference TS indication sensor.This can be flat surface.Appended drawing reference LB indicates direct light Stopper, is configured to prevent that the light of light source from can reach detector in the case where no individual reflection and/or it can be with It reduces the light reflected not by skin reflex but by other interior surfaces of sensor and reaches detector 120.Appended drawing reference 104 refers to For polarizer.

Axis O2 can be substantially overlapped with the normal of skin.

Particularly, TS can be with the upper surface of indicator shell 105.Upper surface TS can actually be defined from skin to detector The second distance d2 of 120 or its last lens.Here, upper surface TS includes aperture 107.The openings of sizes in aperture can also be by It is designated as visual field (FOV).Herein, visual field also uses appended drawing reference FV to indicate.Note that opening or aperture 107 can be circle But it is also possible to be square or rectangle, or can have other shapes.Appended drawing reference FVA indicates field angle.Appended drawing reference TT indicates total track (track), is from aperture 107 (skin during operating) to the upper of the supporting element for accommodating light source 110 The distance of side, the distance is substantially and to identical, the general solid-state light of light source applications such as LED at a distance from 110 top of light source Source.Total track can be in the range of 10mm-200mm, such as in the range of 10mm-80mm, such as in 10mm-30mm In the range of, or in the range of 40mm-200mm, such as in the range of 40mm-80mm.Total track TT is greater than second distance d2. The height of detector 120 and optional optical device can be in the range of about 1mm-50mm, such as 1mm-20mm.It can from figure To obtain, when sensor 100 is configured on the skin, second distance d2 is guaranteed.Therefore, sensor 100 may include Apart from retainer, such as shell 105 (as depicted), or optionally include shell and individually apart from retainer.As above Indicated, it is seen that light source light 111 is unpolarized in particular.Therefore, light source light 111 is especially unpolarized light source light.Note that The optical axis O2 of sensor 100 and the optical axis of detector 120 can be substantially coincident.In addition, the optical axis O2 and all light of sensor The net optical axis in source 110 can be overlapped.

In general, distance d2 can be defined as the aperture that will be positioned on skin and detector or its last optics device The distance between part (in terms of detector).

Fig. 1 b schematically depicts one embodiment of system 1, and wherein system 1 includes 3 (such as skin of skin care device Skin cleaning equipment, skin regeneration equipment), wherein skin care device 3 includes sensor 100 and analysis system 2.Skin nursing is set Standby 3 may include indicating unit IU and/or user interface UI.Appended drawing reference FA indicates functional area, such as can be used for massaging Or the region of exfoliating skin.

In order to study our skin gloss camera system, we are tracked using special-purpose software using Monte Carlo ray. Simulation calculates luminosity and amount of radiation to execute complete illumination and test and analyze.Camera prototype and system cloth are shown in fig. 2 a Office schematically illustrates.

Fig. 2 a schematically depicts the other embodiment of system 1.Here, using additional lens 102b, matched Set the upstream in aperture 103.Sensor size determines the size of box, so that the light in the corner from box will be arrived in edge Up to sensor to be used for mirror-reflection.We use flight data recorder around sensor, to prevent from wall and diaphragm (stop) Signal directly reaches sensor in the case where not seeing skin.Using with 17% reflectivity surface to dermatological specimens into Row modeling.A part of the reflected light is specularly reflected, it means that angle of reflection is identical as incidence angle, and a part of quilt of light Diffusing reflection, it means that do not have any relationship between incident light direction and reflected light.By selection reflected light which be partially Mirror-reflection and which be partially diffusing reflection, change the gloss property of sample in this way.We have studied wholes Range, from 100% mirror-reflection (mirror) to 0% mirror-reflection or 100% diffusing reflection (diffusing reflection standard).In order to obtain The information of the glossiness of sample, it would be desirable to which the mirror-reflection from LED light can reach sensor surface.Therefore, before really Fixed box size enables us to the significant distance being used only between LED and sensor.

The CRI of colour temperature and 70 of the used LED with 4000K, and it is modeled as Lambert surface transmitter.LED envelope Dress is modeled as the diffusing reflection rate with 90% in itself.Surface of the LED bare as 70% reflectivity.PCB is modeled as having 60% diffusing reflection rate.Surface wall and diaphragm (STOP) of shell is modeled as black but not perfect black, tool There is 5% diffusing reflection rate.For larger and lesser lens, respectively lens are modeled as having corresponding to N-LASF9 and N-BK7 The refractive index of glass.

The example of the power density distribution of the sensor about three kinds of various luster values is shown in FIG. 3.This is illustrated The logarithm of gray value.As can be seen that the gloss value of sample is from reflecting mirror (100%) to diffusing reflection standard (0%) from drawing Change correspond to specular light amplitude change.The amplitude of specular light declines, and diffusing reflection background signal increases. Substantially happens is that, in the case where mirror, by the image making to sensor surface of LED, with the reduction of glossiness, Image becomes increasingly to obscure.

Fig. 2 b schematically shows top view (without shell), wherein intermediate shaded rectangle indicates detector 120.This In, using the rectangular detector of the ratio of width to height for example with 4:3.Visual field FV is in the visible shell (not shown) of detector 120 Or the region at the aperture apart from retainer (if applicable) (not shown).Particularly, the visual field (aperture as a result) is selected It is selected to so that it has symmetry identical with detector 120, although aperture for example can also have circular symmetry.Here, Rectangular field FV has length FVL and width FVW and diagonal line FVD.If visual field is circular, diameter (FVL=FVW =FWD).Light source 110 be especially configured to so that light source 110 to detector 120 edge-to-edge distance be less than with it is corresponding The parallel associated field of view size of 120 first distance d1 of light source 110- detector.Therefore, the light source 110 indicated using s2 and s7 Distance d1 be particularly less than FVW；FVL is particularly less than using the distance d1 of the s4 and s5 light source 110 indicated.In addition, especially Ground is particularly less than FVD (diagonal line) using the distance d1 of the light source 110 of s1, s, s6 and s8 instruction.

As the substitution of edge-to-edge distance, the center of light source (such as, especially LED) can also be applied to detector The distance at 120 center, the distance should be particularly less than including the associated field of view of 0.5 light source size and 0.5 detector size Size.

Fig. 3 a shows the image that system provides when measuring 100% smooth surface.Fig. 3 b is shown when 50% light of measurement The image that system provides when sliding and 50% diffusing reflection surface.Fig. 3 c shows the system when measuring 100% diffusing reflection surface and provides Image

In Fig. 4, the information such as the drawing in Fig. 3 is illustrated in another way.What is done is by the power in rectangle Density integral, centered on the position of mirror-reflection.That give the amounts for the light that we are specularly reflected.It is sensed from being incident on The total amount of light on device, we can calculate the power for including in diffusing reflection background.The ratio of the two numbers is depicted in Fig. 4 Rate, i.e. mirror-reflection power is divided by background power.As expected, which increases with the increase of glossiness.The chart Show that we can derive the gloss value of sample by using different methods from the single image obtained using camera prototype, Method is all in this way: converting higher than the quantity of the pixel for the threshold value being weighted using intensity, mirror-reflection to Diffusive intensity Slope, and the ratio of mirror-reflection and diffusing reflection background in selected area-of-interest.Described elsewhere herein The gloss value estimated using these new methods based on simulation.It is described elsewhere herein we developed for estimating The physical principle of the details of the new method of gloss value and these method behinds.

In Fig. 4, instruction glossiness percentage is 100% mirror on the right wherein being diffusing reflection surface 0% in x-axis Face.Mirror-reflection and irreflexive ratio (mirror-reflection/diffusing reflection) are defined on the y axis.

Particularly, a kind of method and system is set forth below, based on the sequential illumination from multiple non-polarized light transmitters And using segmented polarizer detection or spatial variations Polarization Detection, multiple non-polarized light transmitter is to be substantially equal to Bruce The illumination angle of special angle or the angle of polarization irradiates skin.

A kind of possible method can be higher than the quantity of the white pixel of specific threshold as skin gloss based on estimation Instruction.But the quantity of the white pixel on sensor changes with measurement prototype/sensor rotation.There are skins Structure and in the case where being illuminated using single transmitter, when higher threshold value is used to estimate the quantity of white pixel, Gloss value becomes more prominent to the dependence of the rotation angle of sensor.Therefore, in Polarization-Sensitive camera imaging, one is used A light source only can partly obtain the gloss characteristic of the skin on surface and structural property with spatial variations.This dependence is One serious problems, because camera sensor can be randomly located on skin and will lead to the non-fixed of gloss value by consumer Amount estimation, to make the deterioration that may be supplied to the information of consumer.

In order to overcome this limitation and reduce gloss value to the dependence of sensor rotation angle, we particularly propose suitable Multiple unpolarized light sources (N > 2) of sequence illumination and the S-polarization detection for using single inexpensive camera sensor.However, at this It, can only (combination of U1 and U3 or the combination of U2 and U4, they be diagonally opposing each other to a pair of two unpolarized light sources in kind of method (Fig. 5)) realize the detection of preferred S-polarization state, which is specularly reflecting/indicator of gloss.This means that working as When in the optical path of detection using the polarizer with even polarization property, it is capable of providing the light source of optimal polarization state most Big quantity is 2.Fig. 5 a is shown in intermediate sensor, and U1-UV indicates unpolarized light source.Fig. 5 a shows detection side Case, and Figure 5b shows that the detection schemes for assuming even polarization optical filter.

Particularly, this paper presents use camera system and for the method for quantitative measurment skin gloss, this method is basic It is upper unrelated with the rotation angle of sensor.Particularly, can be used the sequential illumination from three or more light sources (unpolarized) with And the sequence detection using single inexpensive camera sensor (S-polarization detection).The optics of camera prototype is shown in fig. 2 a Layout schematically illustrates.

It is also used for can be in terms of prototype for example,

1) White-light LED illumination；2) unpoiarized illumination (quantity > 3 of LED)；3) particularly, incidence angle~54 ° (i.e. 50 °- Within the scope of 60 °) it is equal to Brewster angle；4) LED- sensor distance > 5mm (range 6mm-14mm)；5) (low cost) camera Sensor has condenser lens and aperture (diaphragm size is 0.2mm-0.6mm)；6) the segmented polarizer device before camera or space Change polarizer.

For estimating that the image processing algorithm of gloss value quantity based on white pixel or can normalize to flat field correction The slope of the Strength Changes along optical axis of maximum value later.There is also described herein other methods.

When non-polarized light is reflected by skin surface, the polarization properties of reflected light depend on the angle (Fig. 6) of irradiation.To anti- It penetrates and transmits two important orthogonal linear polarisation states and be referred to as p-polarization and s polarization.P polarization (parallel from German) light tool It is parallel to the electric field of plane of incidence polarization, and s polarization (coming from German senkrecht) light is perpendicular to the plane.Appended drawing reference N Indicate that (surface) normal, appended drawing reference PI indicate plane of incidence.In addition, appended drawing reference SK indicates incidence surface, such as skin Surface.Appended drawing reference S and P indicate polarization.

For being equal to 0 ° or 90 ° of irradiating angle, reflected light will be unpolarized；For the illumination angle between 0 ° and 90 ° Degree, reflected light will be partial polarization (preferably S)；And for the light angle for being equal to the angle of polarization or Brewster angle, reflection Light will be plane polarization (S).

Incidence angle (0 ° and 90 °) is referred to as the angle of polarization or Brewster angle, at the angle, has and is parallel to plane of incidence (P) reflection coefficient of the light of electric field becomes zero, and at the angle, with electric field vector normal in plane of incidence (S)) Reflected light is linear polarization.It can be based on Fresnel equation calculated angle of polarization or Brewster angle (θ_B).Fresnel equation is pre- It surveys, if incidence angle is θ_B=1/tan (n₂/n₁), then the light with p-polarization is (identical with incident ray and surface normal flat The electric field polarized in face) it is not reflected, wherein n₁It is refractive index (" incidence Jie of the light by its initial medium propagated Matter "), n₂It is the refractive index of another medium.For air (n₁≈ 1) in glass medium (n₂≈ 1.5), it is seen that the Bu Lu of light This special angle is about 56 °.For optical layout disclosed in the present invention, light is incident at air-skin interface, and Brewster angle is about It is 54 °.Preferred range is 50 ° -60 °.

It therefore, in embodiment, can the segmented polarizer device (transmitting for low amount used in detection path Device, most 4 to 8) or spatial variations polarizer (for the transmitter of higher amount, such as 12 or more).Particularly, it is segmented Quantity be equal to transmitter quantity.

It, can be by using the S-polarization device before camera in the assembly when the angle of irradiation is between 0 ° -90 ° It is filtered and carrys out the detection of strengthening part polarization (preferably S) mirror surface light, which is the measurement of gloss.Using multiple light In the case where the illumination scheme in source, segmented polarizer device or spatial variations polarizer as shown in Figure 7 can be used.This means that When being illuminated using four transmitters, the orientation of the polarizer before the sensor for a pair of of light source (U2 and U4) must It must be orthogonal (H) with the orientation of polarizer (V) used in the optical path of the light for being detected from U1 and U3.These segmentations can basis The inexpensive polarizing film of standard is cut, and can be placed it in corresponding orientation by rotating individually segmentation to make Make segmented polarizer device.Appended drawing reference 104 indicates polarizer.In addition, appended drawing reference 1041 indicates segmented polarizer device.

Fig. 8 a- Fig. 8 b indicates spatial variations polarizer 1042, they are azimuthal variation or radial variations respectively.

Segmented polarizer device can be placed in the optical path for detection, or can also be by using standard CMOS process Manufacture wire-grid polarizer and be printed on camera sensor sheet.It has been reported that there are 6 μm of pictures for polarization map The high speed polarization image sensor of plain size, is made of four sub-pixels, and four sub-pixels have a benchmark pixel and have The pixel of three gratings of 0 °, 45 ° and 90 ° orientation.

Fig. 9 schematically depicts the embodiment of the segmented polarizer device 1041 including pixelation wire-grid polarizer 1043, Two pixels 1044 with two groups with polarization orientation perpendicular to one another.

As indicated above, when using one or two light source, there are spatial variations using optical sensor measurement Surface and the gloss characteristic of skin of structural property be likely to be dependent on sensor rotation angle.This may cause the non-of gloss value Quantitative predication, to make the deterioration for the gloss information that may be supplied to consumer.

Therefore, the system and method for quantitative measurment skin gloss are also presented herein, are less dependent on sensing The rotation angle of device.Proposed invention can alternatively or additionally based on using three or more light sources (unpoiarized illumination) and The sequential illumination and detection of camera sensor (Polarization Detection).

Particularly, we analyze rotation of the quantity of white pixel relative to the sensor in polarization camera imaging setting The change of angle.Particularly, it is observed that: when there are structure and when being illuminated using a transmitter, gloss value More prominent is become at high threshold to the dependence of the rotation angle of sensor.

Therefore, particularly, this paper presents use camera system and for the method for quantitative measurment skin gloss, this method Less depend on the rotation angle of sensor.Proposed invention (particularly, in embodiment can with) is come from based on use The sequential illumination (unpoiarized illumination) of three or more light sources and sequence detection (the polarization inspection for using single inexpensive camera sensor It surveys).Gloss value is estimated based on the par for the pixel estimated from the multiple independent images shot along different directions.In Fig. 2 a In show the optical layout of camera prototype and schematically illustrate.For estimating that the image processing method (algorithm) of gloss value can be with base In the quantity of white pixel, or the slope of the Strength Changes along optical axis of maximum value after flat field correction is normalized to, but It is that other options are also possible to possible (seeing below).

It is also used for can be in terms of prototype for example, 1) White-light LED illumination；2) unpolarized with multiple transmitters Sequential illumination (quantity > 3 of LED)；3) incidence angle is particularly > 45 ° (particularly, generally in the range of 40 ° -80 °)；4)LED- Sensor distance > 5mm (range is 6mm-14mm)；5) (low cost) camera sensor, having condenser lens and aperture, (diaphragm is big Small is 0.2mm-0.6mm)；6) polarizer before camera.

We have studied gloss values (higher than the quantity of the white pixel of some threshold value) to the rotation angle of sensor Dependence (0 ° -360 °, step-length be 30 °).It is measured using camera prototype, camera prototype is used with one of sequential illumination With two transmitters.

Spectralon (the diffusing reflection standard with uniform optical properties)；

(ex-vivo) skin in vitro (for carrying out control experiment)；And

(in-vivo) skin (forehead, skin type II) in vivo.

Based on the experimental data to Spectralon, isolated skin and in-vivo measurement, we are had been illustrated: by using Use three or more transmitters (they with ring illumination configuration be symmetrically positioned (Figure 10), for N=3 be triangular arrangement, and And for N=4 be rectangular arrangement, etc.) sequential illumination, can be minimized with use the associated rotation of single transmitter it is related Effect caused by gloss content underestimate.When using multiple transmitters simultaneously, gloss value depends on rotation angle, effect master It to be contributed by the quantity of the white pixel in the region that the intensity distribution of multiple transmitters is overlapped.Herein, A, B and C Indicate the light source arranged with loop configurations.

In order to quantify gloss to the dependence of sensor rotation angle, for different threshold values, according to sensor rotation angle Spend the quantity (Figure 11) to estimate white pixel.Figure 11 shows the rotation angle RA of sensor in x-axis, and y-axis indicates The quantity N of white pixel (with arbitrary unit).For multiple threshold values, the quantity POL_L of pixel is shown as to the function of angle, In 110 indicated values 110 threshold value, and the threshold value of 200 indicated values 200.Appended drawing reference MX and MN indicate respectively maximum value and most Small value.

For given threshold value, gloss is to the dependence of rotation angle with the quantitative maximum relative different table of pixel Show: (Δ gloss)=(max-min)/(mean (max, min).

Based on these experiments, it can be deduced that draw a conclusion:

The quantity for the pixel estimated from the Spectralon with uniform optical properties shows to sensor rotation angle Dependence is smaller；

The quantity for the pixel estimated from vitro and in vivo skin measurement shows the dependence to rotation angle；

Gloss value is since the inhomogeneities of skin texture and surface nature causes to this dependence of rotation angle 's.When there are skin texture and especially after the cleaning, this dependence to angle becomes more prominent；And

Compared with single transmitter, the dependence to sensor rotation angle can be minimized using multiple light sources.When Sequentially using multiple transmitters (L_R) rather than when using multiple transmitters (L, R) simultaneously, this dependence further drops It is low:

Δ gloss (Unpol) (L_R) Δ gloss (Unpol) (L, R) < Δ gloss (Unpol) L, Δ gloss (Unpol) R, And/or

Δ gloss (Pol) (L_R) < Δ gloss (Pol) (L, R) < Δ gloss (Pol) L, Δ gloss (Pol) R

Here,

- L: the single unpolarized transmitter in left side；

- R: the single unpolarized transmitter on right side；

- L, R: while using 2 transmitters (L and R) and capturing single image；And

- L_R: 2 transmitters (L and R) are sequentially used, and (L and R transmitter is with ring based on average value estimation gloss value Shape configuration positions diametrically opposed to each otherly).

As a result it is summarised in the following table:

Therefore, there is provided herein the sequential illumination used from three or more light sources (unpoiarized illumination, angularly separation) The skin gloss for the dependence that gloss value is orientated sensor is minimized with single inexpensive camera sensor (Polarization Detection) Measuring system and method.

In the following, we report to calibration sample (mirror, the ceramic tile of calibration, glossy paper (gloss paper), diffusing reflection mark It is quasi-) experiment that carries out, wherein the range of gloss value is 0 to 100 gloss units.We will utilize the gloss value of camera measurement and benefit It is compared with the gloss value that other professional equipments known in the art measure.Figure 12 shows reading of the equipment as unit of GU DR, wherein DS indicates diffusing reflection standard, RM indication reflecting mirror, and S instruction gloss calibrates standard.In x-axis, indicate with GU For the gloss of the calibration standard of unit.

Measurement is executed using vocational work gloss meter Gardner (G85), to define the model of from 0 to 100 gloss unit (GU) The measurement scale enclosed.Use three kinds of height of the refractive index of the determination of the known reference gloss unit with 50GU, 60GU, 90GU The reference black glass standard (Novo glossometer) of polishing, carrys out survey speciality gloss meter (Gardner 85) in higher gloss unit Performance and the linearity in range.They are used as " calibration tile " or " calibration standard ".There is no material to be capable of providing with phase With surface nature and with sufficient amount sample wide scope gloss value.High glaze value in first calibration tile covering, And glossy paper covers low gloss value.Therefore, after using these calibration tile calibrator (-ter) units, we used compared with low gloss With a series of glossy paper of gloss values in unit range.These calibrate the angular distribution that standards have been measurement gloss unit value, And the BIN standard for investigation of materials can be traced.It is observed that utilizing the gloss value measured of Garnder 85 and calibration Good correlation between the gloss a reference value of gloss standard.We have carried out additional reality on mirror and diffusing reflection standard Test, to establish 100 upper calibration point on mirror, and establish in diffusing reflection standard 0 lower extreme point.We are in mirror and overflow The offset of 10GU is observed on reflectance standard.It is executed in Gardner equipment with other light angles (such as 20 ° and 65 °) Measurement can not measure in the wide scope of 0GU to 100GU, therefore we use 85 ° of specific illumination angle as following The benchmark of measurement.

Camera prototype and algorithm are measured using glossy paper (Figure 13) and calibration tile (Figure 14) respectively in measurement low gloss Performance and the linearity when range and high glaze range.It can be found in the 6th chapter for based on camera image estimation gloss The description of distinct methods and the definition of flat field correction.It is used as trunnion axis using the gloss unit that professional equipment Gardner 85 is measured In a reference value.Camera reading is normalized with maximum value.It is observed that the accuracy of measurement of distinct methods depends on sample Gloss range.For lower gloss value, the accuracy of measurement of the quantity of the pixel of the accuracy of measurement and weighting of slope is high In the accuracy of measurement of mirror-reflection and diffusing reflection ratio approach.With the sample of high glaze value, with slope/angle Degree method is compared, and the quantity and mirror surface and diffusing reflection ratio of the pixel of weighting are more superior.The result of these observation results and simulation Unanimously.Figure 13 shows gloss unit in x-axis, shows the equipment reading of arbitrary unit on the y axis.Appended drawing reference S/D refers to Show value related with slope/diffusing reflection ratio；S/A indicates value related with slope/angle ratios；And NWP instruction and weighting Pixel the related value of quantity.For different curves, Figure 14 use and appended drawing reference identical in Figure 13；In addition, attached drawing R is marked to indicate benchmark gloss unit.

Currently, using different light angles according to gloss level.85 ° of incidence angle (AOI) gloss meters to 60 ° of [email protected] Under gloss difference it is more sensitive, and 20 ° of AOI to higher than 60 ° of 70GU high gloss coating have higher resolution ratio.This instruction: In the case where no any hardware modifications, a camera apparatus with algorithms of different method can be used for measuring 0 to 100GU Gloss value in range, and the method that the quantity of the pixel of weighting can be used obtains the fairly good accurate of all samples Degree.

Measure the gloss of sample, and have evaluated our method using other professional gloss meters in calibration standard On performance.The accuracy of measurement of calibration tile and the surface nature of glossy paper is consistent.When with expected uneven It, as a result may be different when being measured on the skin of surface nature and expected low gloss value.

Particularly, it will receive the influence of many factors using camera measurement skin gloss, for example, skin color, skin are grand The amount of the degree (this depend on pressure applied) and sebum, sweat on skin surface etc. that rise.The colour of skin may be only in indigo plant The influence to strength difference is generated in color, green or red channel, and can pass through the automatic intensity correction in final system To compensate.The detectable difference of gloss depends on the gloss level of sample, and the correlation of these detectable differences depends on It is subjective the gloss of how many unit is considered as it is dramatically different.In 60 ° of measurements, these detectable differences depend on sample Gloss, such as the 3.0GU difference measured on very lacklustre surface (may be 5GU) can see by human eye, but more On the coating of high glaze (may be 60GU)), this species diversity is difficult to be noted.

In the following, describing some possible (pre-) processing steps based on RGB to Grey imaging and flat field correction, can use Make the pre-treatment step of the method for following (or above) description.It is assumed that image obtained is unsaturated.It is saturated image enhancement image Integral strength, it is thus possible to uncorrelated (background) information can be taken into account.

Each video camera capture provides four images obtained by four unpolarized light sources, and four unpolarized light sources are located at the right side Under-BR, lower-left-BL, upper left-TL and upper right-TR.Then, space average is executed using these images and minimizes glossiness Dependence between value and the rotation of sensor.

RGB is to gray scale: the image from SensorTech camera is 24 RGB images.Each color has 8.RGB figure The color value of each pixel is 24 place values as in.For each pixel, derivation tree can be come by using the part of 24 digits (tree) color intensity (position 0-7 indicates that blue (B), position 8-15 indicate that green (G), position 16-23 indicate red (R)).Grayscale image Seem the average information obtained from R, G and channel B, when checking whether RGB image is saturated, should check individual channel.In In the algorithm that LabVIEW is implemented, gray level image is obtained by the summation in three channels (R, G and B), i.e. the maximum intensity of image can To be 3 × 255=765.

Flat field correction: the target of flat field correction (FFC) is to remove pseudomorphism (artifacts) from image, and the pseudomorphism is by camera Pixel to pixel change of sensitivity and optical path in integral strength distortion cause.Moreover, we compensated using FFC due to The gradient change of image pixel intensities on image caused by non-polarized light.In order to execute FFC, (such as using benchmark image The diffusing reflection standard of " spectrumon ").Due to there are multiple light sources on SensorTech camera, different benchmark can be shot Image individually carries out FFC for each transmitter.

By the way that image divided by benchmark image (spectralon), is then passed through the putting down multiplied by benchmark image by each pixel Equal image pixel intensities complete the flat field correction (FFC) of image.

The certain methods that can be used for (quantitative) measurement are described below.

Higher than the quantity of the pixel of threshold value: this method is brighter than diffusing reflection background in the picture based on specular light It is true.It is important that image is unsaturated: 1) we use the figure of four unpolarized light sources (BR, TL, BL and TR) from camera Picture.Each image is treated separately；2) image is converted into gray scale from RGB；3) FFC is applied to gray level image；4) figure is determined Maximum pixel intensity as in；5) quantity for being above and below the pixel of the half of maximum intensity to intensity counts；6) it ties Fruit are as follows: (the higher pixel of #)/(the lower pixel of #)；7) average=(the higher pixel of #)/(result of # four image it is lower Pixel).For more or fewer light sources, n image can be used, rather than four images, wherein n refers to the number of light source Amount.

Slope (angle) calculates: this method utilizes the window around mirror-reflection and diffusing reflection transition in the direction of the optical axis The slope (angle) of intensity distribution in area-of-interest defined in mouthful, and use unpolarized light source.One perfect mirror Son can be such that 100% mirror-reflection of transmitter concentrates on a zonule on a sensor, and background is zero (noise), and complete The diffusing reflection standard of beauty provides almost uniform intensity distribution on a sensor after FFC.Slope (angle) gives intensity The instruction of the speed declined as the function along the distance of optical axis.May include following operation (referring also to Figure 15):

1. pair being carried out from each image in four images that the unpolarized light source (BR, TL, BL and TR) of camera obtains single It stays alone reason；

2. image is converted to gray scale from RGB；

3. usage factor 8 carries out down-sampling (downsample) to image, dissipated backward as caused by skin texture with removal Penetrate light.The median filter that application core size is 15, further to remove any skin texture, and again by picture up-sampling (upsample) original size is arrived；

4. we will search for the intensity of hot spots of image now.It is indicated by the region with maximum intensity.This passes through following Step is completed:

A. maximum intensity is searched in 16x down-sampled images；

B. threshold value is taken to image using the intensity；

C. create binary picture (0=is higher than threshold value lower than threshold value, 1=)；

D. BLOB (binary large object) is created using 8 connectivities；

E. the mass center of maximum BLOB is obtained；

5. defining a line between defined intensity of hot spots and picture centre；

6. creating (#160) rectangle (width 75, height 50), the center of rectangle is uniformly distributed on online；

7. if repeating step 5,6,7 and divided by the result of flat field to benchmark image using flat field correction；

8. introducing in X and Y coordinates as a result, wherein X corresponds to the range of [1,160], and Y is mean intensity.

The parameter (step 6-8) specified for the image selection obtained by current system.To the figure obtained by other equipment Picture, these parameters may need to carry out additional adjustment.

9. obtaining the mean intensity in each rectangle；

10. if removing the part until the maximum value of Y the maximum value of the figure is not X=1.Remaining figure is divided into 3 Part；

11. calculating the slope in figure on first figure.The slope is negative always.

A. high mirror-reflection should generate high negative.

B. diffusing reflection should generate low negative.

12. the result for the slope that average four images obtain.

Figure 15 schematically depicts untreated image in fig. 15 a；Figure 15 b shows that treated image, such as After FFC.Figure 15 c shows the region with maximum intensity MI, which is indicated with appended drawing reference 1001.Appended drawing reference The line of 104 instruction connection first areas 1001 and second area 1002, at a certain distance from second area 1002 is configured in.Along Line 104 from first area 1001 be moved to second area 1002 can with it is essentially identical along optical axis moving window.Figure 15 d is shown Along the intensity profile of the line.Region 1006 below slope 1005 and/or curve may be used as the measurement of skin parameters.

Mirror-reflection intensity and Diffusive intensity ratio: direct reflected light is received (by mirror in two individual Measurement channels Son is directed in reflection channel with equal angular) and diffusing reflection (scattering) light.It is assumed that light institute angled (a diffusing reflection channel) On scatter in the same manner in the case where, scatter/diffuse in 0 ° (completely vertically measurement surface) measurement.These mirrors What face reflecting component and diffusing reflection component were spatially separated, but detected in identical sensor plane, and using wide The irradiating angle and detection angles of bandgap wavelength illumination and wide scope.This method is interested around specular reflection point based on calculating The intensity ratio of intensity and diffusing reflection background in region.These interested regions are similar to for being estimated based on slope (angle) The region in photometric pool.Therefore, mirror-reflection intensity and the ratio of Diffusive intensity give the sample with high glaze value most Big value, such as mirror (~1).

Particularly, in the method, the mean intensity in the region with highest reflection and the mean intensity in diffusing reflection region It is compared.

1. calculating mean intensity on the rectangular area with highest mirror-reflection；

2. similarly, calculating mean intensity on there is maximum irreflexive rectangular area；And

3. ratio (step 1/ step 2) that ratio calculated is intensity

Polarization differential imaging method (method of similar SAMBA): other than unpoiarized illumination channel, this method can make With channel of polarization information.Skin carries out it using polarization camera sensor sequentially by polarised light and illumination Detection.Substantially, the measuring principle of this method is imaged based on polarization differential, and (such as with professional gloss measurement equipment SAMBA that is similar used in).However, herein, we use non-polarized light and polarizing filter.For we Calculating in the method for similar SAMBA, we use polarization and unpolarized light source.Unpolarized light source have specular components and Diffusing reflection component, and polarised light only has diffusing reflection component.In order to obtain specular components, subtracted from unpolarized image partially Shake image.

1. the image from pol_BR and pol_TL is handled together with the image of unpol_BR and unpol_TL.

2. image is converted to gray scale from RGB.

3. FFC is applied to gray level image.

4. for further processing, we convert image by its symmetry, i.e. maximum reflection should be at upper right (TR).

Pol_BR and unpol_BR image is converted by horizontal symmetry, and pol_TL and unpol_TL passes through vertically Symmetry is converted.

5. calculating mean intensity in 200 × 200 rectangle for every four images, which is located at the center of image. Rectangle is selected such that only diffusing reflection.Using these intensity values, the luminous intensity between image can be compensated.The size of rectangle Be for current system it is predefined.

6. calculating 2 ratios

A. ratio _ BR=intensity pol_BR/ intensity unpol_BR

B. ratio TL=intensity pol_TL/ intensity unpol_TL.

7. by unpolarized image divided by their ratio.

8. adding polarization image, only 1 polarization image is generated.

9. adding unpolarized image, only 1 unpolarized image is generated.

10. subtracting: unpolarized-polarization.

11. a pair entire result images calculate mean intensity and its standard deviation.

12.Samba result average value/stdev.

The mean size of BLOB and the largest amount of BLOB: this method is that (binary system is big based on the BLOB found in image Object) mean size and largest amount, and it is more more relevant than gloss and the related skin properties of quantization oiliness.Skin gloss and There is still a need for thoroughly understand for interaction between oiliness.BLOB can be counted as adjacent to each other one of characteristic having the same Group pixel.The intensity of these pixels should be above certain level.This method is based on visual appearance oily in image.It can execute Following steps:

1. we only use the image from non-polarized light (BR, TL, BL and TR).

2. image is converted to gray scale from RGB.

3. FFC is applied to gray level image.

4. determining the maximum pixel intensity in image.

A. threshold value is taken using 80% or 90% or 95% pair of image of such as maximum value.And create binary picture (it is higher than threshold value=1；Lower than threshold value=0).

5. using 8 connectivity computing BLOB.

6. couple all BLOB calculate mean size.

7. calculating maximum BLOB size.

8. pair 4 images (utilize and obtained with four light sources that loop configurations are placed) calculate average value.

Higher than the quantity of the pixel of threshold value: this method is the difference of intensity and the intensity to diffuse based on mirror-reflection It is different.Mirror-reflection is brighter, and therefore can be used for after taking threshold value to image, quantifies glossiness.Here, we use threshold Value range promotes to better discriminate between the colour of skin, and the more sensitive method of creation to be to consider additional information when being not carried out FFC. When only considering to be higher than the image pixel intensities of specified threshold, the information can be abandoned.The major defect of the algorithm is must be for spy Condition of pledging love adjusts threshold value.

1. handling four images (BR, TL, BL and TR) respectively.

2. for each this image: R, G and channel B are respectively by using R, G and B of the benchmark image of Spectralon to lead to Road and by flat field correction.

3. pair corrected channel B uses multiple threshold values { 110 ... 180 ..., 220 }, the corrected channel R and G is made Threshold value is taken to image with { 120 }.

4. the quantity that pair intensity is higher than the pixel of selected threshold value counts

5. being averaged by the quantity of the pixel calculated each BR, TL, BL and TR image, resulting pixel is obtained Quantity.

Higher than the quantity of the pixel of the weighting of threshold value: this method is also based on the intensity and irreflexive intensity of mirror-reflection Difference.We by taking threshold value to image and select certain RGB intensity based on step as follows is executed.Higher than specific The all pixels of threshold value obtain identical value (1), unrelated with the actual strength level of pixel.Since brighter mirror-reflection is corresponding In higher gloss value, therefore in the method, we are weighted preselected pixel by its intensity.Following steps Describe the details of algorithm:

1. individually handling BR, TL, BL and TR image.

2. for each this image: if R, G and channel B are by benchmark image (Spectralon) using FFC RGB channel is by flat field correction.

3. RGB image is converted to gray scale.

4. pair corrected channel B uses multiple threshold values { 110 ... 180 ..., 220 }, the corrected channel R and G is made Threshold value is taken to image with { 120 }.

5. will be above each pixel of threshold value multiplied by its gray-scale intensity and be added them.

6. result is normalized with the quantity of pixel.

7. the quantity of the pixel by the average weighting to each image calculating in BR, TL, BL and TR image, obtains institute The quantity of the pixel of the weighting obtained.

Quantity/blob mean size/maximum blob of Blob: here, we select multiple pictures using multiple threshold values Plain (form blob), wherein image is converted into gray scale and selects 95% maximum intensity value.As indicated above, compared with Low threshold value may introduce additional important information, especially in the case where non-uniform lighting.The key step of the algorithm is such as Under:

1. individually handling BR, TL, BL and TR image.

2. for each this image: if R, G and channel B are by benchmark image (Spectralon) using FFC RGB channel is by flat field correction

3. pair corrected channel B uses multiple threshold values { 110 ... 180 ..., 220 }, the corrected channel R and G is made Threshold value is taken to image with { 120 }.

4. find the pixel of connection and with profile-blob (contour-blobs) it is approximate it.

The quantity of 5.Blob: the number of resulting blob is obtained by the quantity of the profile of average BR, TL, BL and TR image It measures (profile).

The size of 6.blob: it calculates the size of box and is averaged/is maximized.Again, by BR, TL, BL Obtained blob mean size/maximum value is averagely obtained with mean profile size/maximum value of TR image.

" multiple " references of term are more than two.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that term " substantially " herein, such as " substantially by ... form ".Art Language " substantially " can also include the embodiment with " complete ", " thorough ", " whole " etc..Therefore, in embodiment, adjective " substantially " it can also be removed.Under applicable circumstances, term " substantially " can also relate to 90% or higher, such as 95% Or it is higher, especially 99% or higher, or even more particularly 99.5% or higher, including 100%.Term " includes " further includes it Middle term " includes " mean " by ... form " embodiment.Term "and/or" is particularly before and after "and/or" The one or more projects mentioned.For example, phrase " project 1 and/or project 2 " and similar phrase can be related to project 1 and project 2 One or more of.Term " includes " may refer in one embodiment " by ... form ", but in another reality Applying in example also may refer to " at least containing defined substance and other optional one or more substances ".

In addition, the term first, second, third, etc. in specification and claims is used to distinguish similar components, without Centainly it is used for description order or time sequencing.It should be appreciated that the term so used is interchangeable in appropriate circumstances, and And the embodiment of invention described herein can be to be different from the sequence operation for being described herein or illustrating.

Particularly, the equipment of this paper is to be described during operation.As it will be clear to a person skilled in the art, the present invention is not The equipment being limited in operating method or operation.

It should be noted that above-described embodiment illustrates and nots limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art will be not Many alternative embodiments are designed in the case where being detached from scope of the appended claims.In the claims, any attached in bracket Icon note should not be construed as limited to claim.The use of verb " comprising " and its deformation is not excluded for described in claim Except element or step presence.Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, otherwise in entire disclosure and claims, word "include", "comprise" etc. should be with the meaning interpretation of inclusive, rather than with the meaning interpretation of exclusiveness or exhaustive；Namely It says, with the meaning interpretation of " including but not limited to ".The article " one " before element or "one" do not exclude the presence of multiple this members Part.The present invention can be implemented by means of the hardware including several different elements, and by means of properly programmed computer.In If listing in the equipment claim of equipment for drying, several in these devices can be by the same project of hardware Lai real It applies.State that the only fact of certain measures does not indicate that the combination of these measures cannot in mutually different dependent claims For benefiting.

The present invention also provides a kind of control system, which can control the device or equipment or system, or Method or process described herein can be executed.In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of computer program products, when in computer When being run on (computer is functionally coupled to the device or equipment or system or by the device or equipment or system), Control one or more controlled members of this device or equipment or system.

The present disclosure additionally applies for include setting for the one or more features for describing and/or being shown in the accompanying drawings in the description It is standby.The invention further relates to a kind of method or process, this method or process include describing and/or being shown in the accompanying drawings in the description One or more features.

The various aspects discussed in this patent can be combined to provide additional advantage.In addition, those skilled in the art will Understand, embodiment can be combined, and more than two embodiments can also be combined.In addition, some features can be with shape in feature The basis applied at one or more subregions.