阅读说明：本技术 一种松材线虫病枯死木的处理方法 (Treatment method of dead and dead pine wood with pine wilt disease ) 是由 曹星梅 徐志恒 陈洁 王镠琦 王鹏 沈震 庞俊 费鹏飞 于 2021-06-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种松材线虫病枯死木的处理方法,包括以下步骤：割灌除草：将松材线虫病枯死木周围地表杂草和灌木全部铲光；枯死木采伐：将松材线虫病枯死木就地伐倒,并将枯叶全部打落；筛选分类：将感染松材线虫病的枯死木树干进行掩埋处理,将未感染松材线虫病的树干切割成段,进行杀菌处理,然后粉碎压合成板材,回收处理；补植：8个月后,补植苗龄等于2年的松树苗。本发明所述的一种松材线虫病枯死木的处理方法简单,无须任何化学的或生物的制剂即可达到防治松墨天牛和处理松材线虫的目的,节约处理松材线虫病枯死木70％左右的生产成本,绿色环保,且加速地表有机物质分解,提高土壤肥力。(The invention discloses a method for treating dead and dead pine wood caused by pine wilt disease, which comprises the following steps: cutting and irrigating to weed: all the weeds and shrubs on the ground surface around dead and dead trees with the pine wilt disease are shoveled; felling withered and dead wood: felling dead pine wood caused by the pine wilt disease in situ, and knocking off all dead leaves; screening and classifying: burying dead trunks infected with the pine wilt disease, cutting trunks not infected with the pine wilt disease into sections, sterilizing, crushing and pressing into a plate, and recovering; and (3) supplementary planting: after 8 months, pine seedlings with the seedling age equal to 2 years are replanted. The treatment method of the dead pine wood with pine wood nematode disease is simple, can achieve the purposes of preventing and treating monochamus alternatus and treating the pine wood nematode without any chemical or biological preparation, saves about 70 percent of production cost for treating the dead pine wood with pine wood nematode disease, is green and environment-friendly, accelerates the decomposition of organic substances on the ground surface, and improves the soil fertility.)

1. A treatment method of dead and dead pine wood with pine wood nematode disease is characterized in that: the treatment method of the dead and dead pine wood with the pine wilt disease comprises the following steps:

step one, cutting and irrigating weeding: all the weeds and shrubs on the ground surface around dead and dead trees with the pine wilt disease are shoveled;

step two, felling withered and dead wood: felling dead pine wood caused by the pine wilt disease in situ, and knocking off all dead leaves;

step three, screening and classifying: burying dead trunks infected with the pine wilt disease, cutting trunks not infected with the pine wilt disease into sections, sterilizing, crushing and pressing into a plate, and recovering;

step four, replanting: and (5) after 8-12 months, replanting pine seedlings with the seedling age of more than or equal to 2 years.

2. The method for treating dead and dead pine wood caused by pine wilt disease according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the first step, the range of the weed removal by cutting and irrigating is 1.5-2 m around dead trees.

3. The method for treating dead and dead pine wood caused by pine wilt disease according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the third step, the trunk which is not infected with the pine wilt disease is cut into sections with the size of 200-250 cm.

4. The method for treating dead and dead pine wood caused by pine wilt disease according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the third step, the burying treatment of the withered trees specifically comprises the following steps:

s1, crushing the trunk of the withered tree;

s2, digging a soil pit in the cutting, irrigating and weeding area, and putting the crushed dead wood trunk into the soil pit;

s3, covering soil and/or forest dead branches and fallen leaves and/or weed shrubs on the soil pit, and burying the broken dead wood trunks.

5. The method for treating dead and dead pine wood caused by pine wilt disease according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S2, the size of the soil pit is 120-160 cm long, 60-100 cm wide and 20-30 cm deep.

6. The method for treating dead and dead pine wood caused by pine wilt disease according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S3, when the soil is used for covering, the thickness of the covering soil is 15-30 cm.

7. The method for treating dead and dead pine wood caused by pine wilt disease according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S3, when the forest dry branches and fallen leaves or weed shrubs are used for covering, the covering thickness is 60-100 cm.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of dead and dead wood treatment, in particular to a treatment method of dead and dead wood with pine wilt disease.

Background

Pine wood nematode disease is a devastating disease of pine trees. Because of the destructive and destructive harm of the pine wood nematode disease, the treatment difficulty is large, the propagation ways are multiple, the suitable life range is wide, and the like, more than 40 countries and regions in the world list the pine wood nematode disease as quarantine objects at present. After China discovered pine wood nematode disease in Nanjing since 1982, the disaster is gradually spread in vast provinces in the south of Yangtze river basin. By 2009, pine wilt disease occurs in 192 county-level administrative districts of 14 provinces, direct municipalities and autonomous districts in China, more than 500 ten thousand mu of pine forest is destroyed, and only the dead wood of pine wilt disease cut every year in Zhejiang province reaches dozens of ten thousand tons. The bursaphelenchus xylophilus in China has become the most serious biological disaster since history, and has formed a huge primary infection source which is artificially spread and naturally spread, so that five hundred million acres of pine forest resources face the survival threat.

The pine wood nematode is carried out by vector insects from diseased wood and infested healthy pine trees by the vector insects for supplying nutrition or during egg laying, and the most important transmission vectors of the pine wood nematode are monochamus alternatus hope.

At present, a treatment method of the pine wood nematode disease dead wood mainly comprises a physical method and a chemical method, wherein an agricultural film bagging fumigation method is one of key technologies considered to be economical and effective at present, but the bagging fumigation method has the problems of relatively complex process and high treatment cost, the average treatment cost of each pine wood nematode disease dead wood with the diameter of 20cm in the chest in Guangdong is about 60 RMB, the control expense gap is increased year by year along with the annual expansion of the pine wood nematode disease area in China and the annual increase of the occurrence amount of the pine wood nematode disease dead wood, and the current existing dead wood treatment method is obviously not suitable for the current needs of comprehensive treatment of the pine wood nematode disease, and the treatment work of the pine wood nematode disease dead wood calls for a new technology which is safer, economical and effective.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a treatment method and a preparation method of dead and dead pine wood with pine wilt disease, which can effectively solve the problems in the background art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

a treatment method of dead and dead pine wood with nematodosis comprises the following steps:

step one, cutting and irrigating weeding: all the weeds and shrubs on the ground surface around dead and dead trees with the pine wilt disease are shoveled;

step two, felling withered and dead wood: felling dead pine wood caused by the pine wilt disease in situ, and knocking off all dead leaves;

step three, screening and classifying: burying dead trunks infected with the pine wilt disease, cutting trunks not infected with the pine wilt disease into sections, sterilizing, crushing and pressing into a plate, and recovering;

step four, replanting: and (5) after 8-12 months, replanting pine seedlings with the seedling age of more than or equal to 2 years.

Preferably, in the first step, the range of the weed removal by cutting and irrigating is 1.5-2 m around dead trees.

Preferably, in step three, the trunk not infected by pine wood nematode disease is cut into segments with the size of 200-250 cm.

Preferably, in the third step, the burying treatment of the dead trees specifically comprises the following steps:

s1, crushing the trunk of the withered tree;

s2, digging a soil pit in the cutting, irrigating and weeding area, and putting the crushed dead wood trunk into the soil pit;

s3, covering soil and/or forest dead branches and fallen leaves and/or weed shrubs on the soil pit, and burying the broken trunk of the dead tree.

Preferably, in the step S2, the soil pit has a length of 120 to 160cm, a width of 60 to 100cm, and a depth of 20 to 30 cm.

Preferably, in the step S3, the covering soil is 15 to 30cm thick when the covering soil is used.

Preferably, in the step S3, when the forest is covered with dry branches and fallen leaves or weed and shrub, the covering thickness is 60 to 100 cm.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. in the invention, the entomopathogenic microorganisms are artificially induced to attack monochamus alternatus to prevent and treat monochamus alternatus and pine wood nematodes by changing the temperature and humidity environment in which the entomopathogenic microorganisms in dead and dead wood are bred, and no chemical or biological preparation is needed, so that the purposes of preventing and treating monochamus alternatus and pine wood nematodes are achieved, and the side effect of environment pollution by agricultural films and pesticides is effectively prevented.

2. In the invention, the tree trunks without the pine wood nematode disease are cut into sections, sterilized, crushed and pressed into the boards, and recovered, so that the normal felling of the trees is reduced, the production cost for treating dead and dead pine wood with the pine wood nematode disease is saved by about 70%, and the method is green and environment-friendly.

3. In the invention, by utilizing the characteristic that soil termites in the forest eat the dead and dead pine trees, the decomposition of organic substances on the surface of the land is accelerated, the substance circulation is promoted, the soil fertility is increased, the seedling growth is convenient for the later period of replanting, and the functions are various.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a process flow chart of the treatment method of dead and dead pine wood caused by pine wilt disease.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "both ends", "one end", "the other end", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, such as "connected," which may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

Example one

As shown in fig. 1, a method for treating dead and dead pine wood caused by pine wilt disease comprises the following steps:

step one, cutting and irrigating weeding: all the weeds and shrubs on the ground surface around the dead and dead trees with the pine wilt disease are shoveled, and the cutting and irrigating weeding range is 1.5m around the dead and dead trees;

step two, felling withered and dead wood: felling dead pine wood caused by the pine wilt disease in situ, and knocking off all dead leaves;

step three, screening and classifying: burying dead trunks infected with the pine wilt disease, cutting the trunks not infected with the pine wilt disease into sections, sterilizing the trunks not infected with the pine wilt disease with the cut sections of 200cm, crushing and pressing the sections into plates, and recovering;

step four, replanting: after 8 months, pine seedlings with the seedling age equal to 2 years are replanted.

In the third step, the burying treatment of the withered trees specifically comprises the following steps:

s1, crushing the trunk of the withered tree;

s2, digging a soil pit in the cutting, irrigating and weeding area, wherein the soil pit has the size of 120cm in length, 60cm in width and 20cm in depth, and placing the crushed trunk of the withered and dead wood into the soil pit;

s3, covering soil and/or woodland dry branches and fallen leaves and/or weed shrubs on a soil pit, burying the broken dry and dead tree trunks, wherein the thickness of covering soil is 15cm when the broken dry and dead tree trunks are covered by the soil, and the thickness of covering soil is 60cm when the broken dry and dead tree trunks are covered by the woodland dry branches and fallen leaves or weed shrubs.

Example two

As shown in fig. 1, a method for treating dead and dead pine wood caused by pine wilt disease comprises the following steps:

step one, cutting and irrigating weeding: all the weeds and shrubs on the ground surface around the dead and dead pine wood with the pine wilt disease are shoveled, and the cutting and irrigating weeding range is 2m around the dead and dead wood;

step two, felling withered and dead wood: felling dead pine wood caused by the pine wilt disease in situ, and knocking off all dead leaves;

step three, screening and classifying: burying dead trunks infected with the pine wilt disease, cutting the trunks not infected with the pine wilt disease into sections, sterilizing the trunks not infected with the pine wilt disease with the cut sections of 200cm, crushing and pressing the sections into plates, and recovering;

step four, replanting: after 12 months, pine seedlings with the seedling age equal to 2 years are replanted.

In the third step, the burying treatment of the withered trees specifically comprises the following steps:

s1, crushing the trunk of the withered tree;

s2, digging a soil pit in the cutting, irrigating and weeding area, wherein the soil pit has the size of 160cm in length, 100cm in width and 30cm in depth, and placing the crushed trunk of the withered and dead wood into the soil pit;

s3, covering soil and/or woodland dry branches and fallen leaves and/or weed shrubs on a soil pit, burying the broken dry and dead tree trunks, wherein the soil covering thickness is 30cm when the broken dry and dead tree trunks are covered by the soil, and the covering thickness is 100cm when the woodland dry branches and fallen leaves or weed shrubs are covered by the woodland dry branches and fallen leaves or weed shrubs.

EXAMPLE III

As shown in fig. 1, a method for treating dead and dead pine wood caused by pine wilt disease comprises the following steps:

step one, cutting and irrigating weeding: all the weeds and shrubs on the ground surface around the dead and dead trees with the pine wilt disease are shoveled, and the cutting and irrigating weeding range is 1.8m around the dead and dead trees;

step two, felling withered and dead wood: felling dead pine wood caused by the pine wilt disease in situ, and knocking off all dead leaves;

step three, screening and classifying: burying dead trunks infected with the pine wilt disease, cutting the trunks not infected with the pine wilt disease into sections, sterilizing the trunks not infected with the pine wilt disease with the cut sections of 200cm, crushing and pressing the sections into plates, and recovering;

step four, replanting: after 10 months, pine seedlings with the seedling age equal to 2 years are replanted.

In the third step, the burying treatment of the withered trees specifically comprises the following steps:

s1, crushing the trunk of the withered tree;

s2, digging a soil pit in the cutting, irrigating and weeding area, wherein the soil pit has the size of 140cm in length, 80cm in width and 25cm in depth, and placing the crushed trunk of the withered and dead wood into the soil pit;

s3, covering soil and/or woodland dry branches and fallen leaves and/or weed shrubs on a soil pit, burying the broken dry and dead tree trunks, wherein the thickness of covering soil is 18cm when the broken dry and dead tree trunks are covered by the soil, and the thickness of covering soil is 80cm when the broken dry and dead tree trunks are covered by the woodland dry branches and fallen leaves or weed shrubs.

The three groups of embodiments all treat dead trees by the method, achieve the purposes of preventing and treating monochamus alternatus and pine wood nematode by changing the temperature and humidity environment in which entomopathogenic microorganisms propagate in the dead trees, artificially inducing the entomopathogenic microorganisms to attack monochamus alternatus, preventing and treating the monochamus alternatus and treating the pine wood nematode without any chemical or biological preparation, cut trunks which are not infected with the pine wood nematode into sections, perform sterilization treatment, then crush and press the sections into plates, recycle the plates, reduce the felling of normal trees, save about 70 percent of the production cost for treating the dead trees with the pine wood nematode disease, more effectively prevent the side effect of agricultural films and pesticide pollution environment, and utilize the characteristic that woodland termites eat the dead trees with the pine termites to accelerate the decomposition of surface organic substances, promote the circulation of the substances and increase the soil fertility, the function is various.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are given by way of illustration of the principles of the present invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.