阅读说明：本技术 一种表面处理的聚氨酯弹性纤维的制备方法 (A kind of preparation method of the polyurethane elastomeric fiber of surface treatment ) 是由 薛士壮 晋中成 杨晓印 钱锦 刘珊珊 肖华 刘刚 于 2019-09-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种表面处理的聚氨酯弹性纤维的制备方法,该制备方法包括以下步骤：1)聚合：采用溶液聚合法制备聚氨酯脲纺丝液；2)制备涂覆组合物：将稳定剂、阴离子表面活性与纤维用油剂均匀混合；3)纺丝及成型：采用干法纺丝技术将步骤1)中所述的聚氨酯脲纺丝液拉伸成丝,后经上油、牵伸工序将步骤2)中所述的组合物涂覆在纤维表面,经卷绕机卷绕后形成卷装的聚氨酯弹性纤维。相对于未经处理的聚氨酯弹性纤维,所述的表面处理后的聚氨酯弹性纤维具有低摩擦系数、稳定的摩擦阻力及良好的退绕解舒性。(The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of the polyurethane elastomeric fiber of surface treatment, 1) preparation method is the following steps are included: polymerize: preparing polyurethane-urea spinning solution using solution polymerization process；2) it prepares application composition: stabilizer, anion surface active is uniformly mixed with Finish for fiber；3) polyurethane-urea spinning solution described in step 1) spinning and molding: is drawn by silk using dry spinning technology, by oil, composition described in step 2) is coated in fiber surface by drafting process, the polyurethane elastomeric fiber of package is formed after rolled machine winding.Relative to untreated polyurethane elastomeric fiber, the polyurethane elastomeric fiber after the surface treatment has low-friction coefficient, stable frictional resistance and good unwinding easy zbility.)

1. a kind of preparation method of the polyurethane elastomeric fiber of surface treatment, which is characterized in that the preparation method includes following step It is rapid:

1) it polymerize: polytetrahydrofuran ether glycol PTMG, 4,4 '-methyl diphenylene diisocyanate MDI and small molecule amine is mixed Polyurethane-urea spinning solution is prepared after the aggregated reaction of solution；

2) it prepares application composition: stabilizer, anionic surfactant and Finish for fiber is uniformly mixed, form coated group Close object；

3) spinning and molding: being drawn into fiber filament using dry spinning technology for the polyurethane-urea spinning solution prepared in step 1), By oil, application composition described in step 2) is coated in filament surface, shape after rolled machine winding by drafting process At the polyurethane elastomeric fiber of the surface treatment of package.

2. a kind of preparation method of the polyurethane elastomeric fiber of surface treatment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step It is rapid 1) described in polyurethane-urea spinning solution by following raw material by weight ratio be made:

Polytetrahydrofuran ether glycol 78.5%~80%

4,4 '-methyl diphenylene diisocyanates 17%~20%

Small molecule amine 1.5%~3%.

3. a kind of preparation method of the polyurethane elastomeric fiber of surface treatment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step It is rapid 2) described in application composition in stabilizer mass percentage be 1%~10%, the matter of anionic surfactant Measuring percentage composition is 0.2%~2%.

4. a kind of preparation method of the polyurethane elastomeric fiber of surface treatment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step It is rapid 2) described in stabilizer be transparent liquid compound stabilizer.

5. a kind of preparation method of the polyurethane elastomeric fiber of surface treatment according to claim 1 or 4, feature exist In: stabilizer described in step 2) is one of calcium-zinc composite stabilizing agent, barium zinc compound stabilizer or potassium zinc composite stabilizer Or two kinds or more of mixture.

6. a kind of preparation method of the polyurethane elastomeric fiber of surface treatment according to claim 1 or 3, feature exist In: anionic surfactant described in step 2) is Aerosol OT.

7. a kind of preparation method of the polyurethane elastomeric fiber of surface treatment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step It is rapid 3) in fiber oil, oil applying rate in drafting process is 2%~6%.

Technical field

The invention belongs to field of polymer material preparing technology, and in particular to a kind of polyurethane elastomeric fiber, the fiber Be surface-treated at least partially by liquid compound stabilizer and preparation method thereof.Relative to untreated elastic polyurethane Fiber, fiber after surface treatment have low-friction coefficient, stable frictional resistance, good unwinding easy zbility and excellent Processing stability.

Background technique

Polyurethane elastomeric fiber is a kind of alternate segmented copolymer of soft and hard segments, has excellent tensile property and rebound Performance.It is usually used with intertextures such as terylene, polyamide fibre, cotton, viscose rayons, is widely applied to underwear, socks, swimming suit, even trousers The garment materials such as socks, sweat shirt and tight field.

Interleaving process after polyurethane elastomeric fiber and other synthetic fibers or natural fiber cladding, can be with godet roller, seal wire The generations frictions such as device, seal wire needle and knitting needle.In this process, if the coefficient of friction of fiber surface is excessive, fabric manufacture equipment with Excessive friction between fiber can cause to damage to fiber surface, serious phenomena such as causing fracture of wire, sub-wire.In addition, fine The frictional force mutation tieed up in weaving process can also cause striped occur on fracture of wire and fabric surface, influence the stability of processing.

Compared with non-elastic fiber, polyurethane elastomeric fiber shows certain viscosity, and it is long that this viscosity will lead to fiber Stick to each other between silk.When polyurethane elastomeric fiber winding filament is on paper tube, this viscosity will become especially severe Problem.Mutual extrusion power between fiber filament will lead to adhesion between adjacent filament more especially at paper tube bottom Seriously, the long filament of bottom can not normally be unwound from paper tube, cause the waste of bottom fiber long filament.

For the antistick characteristic between the suface friction and fiber filament of polyurethane elastomeric fiber, presently relevant patent document The technical solution of report is mainly using addition inorganic nano-particle or anti-sticking organic compound in polyurethane-urea spinning solution. Patent CN1926268A discloses a kind of polyurethane elastomeric fiber and its manufacturing method, inorganic by adding in spinning solution Compound particles and the shape characteristic for controlling fiber surface, reaching reduces fibre frictoin, realizes that fiber has specific frictional property The purpose of energy and excellent processing stability, but dispersity of the inorganic compound particles in polyurethane urea solutions will affect The pressure of filter and component spinneret.Patent CN102362020A is by adding cellulose esters in polyurethane-urea spinning solution Substance improves the antistick characteristic and unwinding homogeneity of product, but can drop low-fiber ultimate strength, while cellulose esters is poly- Dissolution dispersion in urethane urea stoste needs the regular hour.Patent CN108138373A is disclosed with excellent unwinding Polyurethane-urea elastomeric yarns and preparation method thereof realize that fiber peanut shape is cut by controlling the cross section special-shaped degree of elastomeric yarn Face, so as to improve the braiding operability in the unwinding and post-processing of yarn, but since organic solvent is in high temperature path The inhomogeneity of volatilization and cause the section of fiber to be difficult to realize stable control.

Therefore, at present about the frictional property of polyurethane elastomeric fiber filament surface and fiber in the research that upper unwinding is wrapped In terms of having focused largely on the blending and modifying to spinning solution, and after being drawn into silk for spinning solution, the research before coiling and molding compared with It is few.It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of with low-friction coefficient, stable friction by a kind of Fiber strength technology The polyurethane elastomeric fiber of resistance and good unwinding easy zbility and processing stability.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem: in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of polyurethane elastomeric fibers of surface treatment Preparation method.It is said in more detail, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of convenient polyurethane elastomeric fiber process for treating surface, through locating The fiber surface of reason has low-friction coefficient, stable weaving frictional force and good unwinding easy zbility.The elastic polyurethane is fine Dimension has the advantages that fracture of wire is few, tension fluctuation is small and processing is stable in weaving.

Technical solution: to achieve the above object, the preparation side of the polyurethane elastomeric fiber of surface treatment of the present invention The technical solutions adopted are as follows for method,

1) it polymerize: by polytetrahydrofuran ether glycol PTMG, 4,4 '-methyl diphenylene diisocyanate MDI and small molecule amine Polyurethane-urea spinning solution is prepared after the aggregated reaction of mixed solution；

2) it prepares application composition: stabilizer, anionic surfactant and Finish for fiber is uniformly mixed, formed Application composition；

3) the polyurethane-urea spinning solution prepared in step 1) spinning and molding: is drawn into fiber using dry spinning technology Silk, by oil, application composition described in step 2) is coated in filament surface, rolled machine winding by drafting process The polyurethane elastomeric fiber of the surface treatment of package is formed afterwards.

Wherein,

Polyurethane-urea spinning solution described in step 1) is made by weight ratio by following raw material:

Polytetrahydrofuran ether glycol 78.5%~80%

4,4 '-methyl diphenylene diisocyanates 17%~20%

Small molecule amine 1.5%~3%.

The mass percentage of stabilizer is 1%~10% in application composition described in step 2), anionic surface The mass percentage of activating agent is 0.2%~2%.

Stabilizer described in step 2) is transparent liquid compound stabilizer.

Stabilizer described in step 2) is in calcium-zinc composite stabilizing agent, barium zinc compound stabilizer or potassium zinc composite stabilizer A kind of or two kinds or more of mixture.

Anionic surfactant described in step 2) is Aerosol OT.

Fiber in step 3) oil, the oil applying rate in drafting process is 2%~6%.

The utility model has the advantages that the present invention is handled polyurethane elastomeric fiber surface by process for treating surface, technological operation Simple possible；It can be avoided damage of the blend modification technology to fiber physical property, reduce coefficient of friction, the reality of fiber surface Now stable frictional resistance, unwinding easy zbility and good processing stability.

Specific embodiment

To keep technical solution of the present invention and advantage clearer, below with reference to the embodiment of the present invention to technology of the invention Scheme carries out clear, complete description, but these embodiments must not be interpreted as the limitation of the present invention in all senses.