Outdoor water pressure blasting structure and construction technology
阅读说明：本技术 露天中深孔水压***结构及施工工艺 (Outdoor water pressure blasting structure and construction technology ) 是由 马继恩 闫旭光 张士东 赵俊辉 于 2019-09-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种露天中深孔水压爆破结构及施工工艺,包括均布于待爆破区域内的多列爆破孔组,每列爆破孔组等间距分布有多个爆破孔；爆破孔沿其长度方向由下至上依次分为第一炸药层、水间隔层、第二炸药层、水堵塞层；所述水间隔层内沿竖直方向叠加有多个第一水袋,所述第一水袋内灌装有水,且所述第一水袋的长度为300mm,所述第一水袋的直径小于爆破孔的孔径；所述水堵塞层内放置有第二水袋,爆破前,所述第二水袋内填充水,且所述第二水袋的长度4500mm,所述第二水袋的直径大于爆破孔的孔径；在保证同样爆破效果的情况下,降低炸药使用量,根据实际应用,可减少炸药使用量22.5％。抑尘效果明显,粉尘浓度降低与90％。孔口大块率明显降低,基本达到无大块。(The invention discloses a kind of outdoor water pressure blasting structure and construction technologies, and including the multiple row blast hole group being distributed in region to be blasted, each column blast hole group equidistantly distributed has multiple blast holes；Blast hole is divided into the first explosive layer, spacer layer, the second explosive layer, water slug layer from the bottom to top along its length；Multiple first water bags are superimposed in the spacer layer along the vertical direction, water are filled in first water bag, and the length of first water bag is 300mm, the diameter of first water bag is less than the aperture of blast hole；It is placed with the second water bag in the water slug layer, before explosion, water, and the length 4500mm of second water bag are filled in second water bag, the diameter of second water bag is greater than the aperture of blast hole；In the case where guaranteeing same demolition effect, explosive usage amount 22.5% can be reduced by reducing explosive usage amount according to practical application.Anti-dust effect is obvious, and dust concentration reduces and 90%.Aperture boulder yield is substantially reduced, and basically reaches no bulk.)
1. outdoor water pressure blasting structure characterized by comprising
The multiple row blast hole group being distributed in region to be blasted, blast hole group equidistantly distributed described in each column have multiple blast holes (1)；
Blast hole (1) is divided into the first explosive layer (11), spacer layer (12), the second explosive from the bottom to top along its length Layer (13), water slug layer (14)；
Explosive, and pre-buried first priming device (111) of first explosive layer (11) are filled in first explosive layer (11)；
Explosive, and pre-buried second priming device (131) of second explosive layer (13) are filled in second explosive layer (13)；
Multiple first water bags (121) are superimposed in the spacer layer (12) along the vertical direction, are filled in first water bag (121) Equipped with water, and the length of first water bag (121) is 300mm, and the diameter of first water bag (121) is less than blast hole (1) Aperture；
The second water bag (141) are placed in the water slug layer (14), before explosion, water is filled in second water bag (141), and The length 4500mm of second water bag (141), the diameter of second water bag (141) are greater than the aperture of blast hole (1)；
The blasting arrangement further includes the slag structure (2) piled up in region side to be blasted.
2. outdoor water pressure blasting structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that blast hole (1) is opened Digging depth is H, and the blast hole (1) bottom has over drilling depth h；
Over drilling depth h=(0.1~0.5) H；
When the blast hole (1) extends vertically, the hole depth L=H+h of the blast hole (1)；
When blast hole (1) inclination extends, hole depth L=(H+h)/sin α of the blast hole (1), wherein α inclines for blast hole Angle.
3. outdoor water pressure blasting structure according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the water slug layer (14) Depth is L1, and the depth of the second explosive layer (13) is L4, and the depth of spacer layer (12) is L3, the depth of the first explosive layer (11) For L2；
The hole depth L=L1+L2+L3+L4 of the blast hole (1)；
The opening diameter of the blast hole (1) is D；
Depth L1=(25~30) D of the water slug layer (14)；
The distance between adjacent each column blast hole (1) is b, and the pitch of holes of the adjacent blast hole (1) is a in each column；
The depth L2=1.35b of first explosive layer (11)；
The depth L3=(L-L1-L2)/2 of the spacer layer (12)；
The depth L4=L3=(L-L1-L2)/2 of second explosive layer (13).
4. outdoor water pressure blasting structure according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the blast hole (1) it is total Loaded length is L', L'=L2+L4；
The explosive payload of the blast hole (1) is Q, Q=g*L'；
The linear meter(lin.m.) explosive payload of the blast hole (1) is g,Wherein Δ is degree of packing, Δ=900-950kg/ m3。
5. outdoor water pressure blasting structure according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the hole of the blast hole (1) Spacing a=1.15b.
6. outdoor water pressure blasting structure according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the slag structure (2) With a thickness of B, and B=1.5b；
The spontaneous combustion angle of repose of the slag structure (2) chooses 55 °；
The height H'=1.4B of the slag structure (2).
7. the construction technology of outdoor water pressure blasting structure, which comprises the steps of:
S101, preparation of construction determine the range and cutting depth of bursting work in the quick-fried platform of brill, even out below the quick-fried platform of brill flat Reserved slag structure (2) range delimited on platform；
S102, cloth hole, by the design value of a and b in ground cloth hole, each hole location places mark, to facilitate drill carriage driver to determine hole Position fills in drilling technique book of telling somebody what one's real intentions are and by row, column serial number indicates the depth and angle of each blast hole (1)；
S103, drilling, drill carriage operating personnel tell somebody what one's real intentions are book operation according to drilling technique, and maximum displacement and depth must not exceed 200mm, Angle is not more than 1 °, when aperture is crushed, and using mud off, guarantees that aperture is completed, after the completion of drilling, blocks aperture in time, put Set rubble, surface water enters；
S104, it verifies, after the completion of drilling, hole-specifically checks and accepts, calculate each hole and use firer's equipment quantity, each section of explosive payload and length in hole Degree, total usage amount；
S105, powder charge, should get out the water bag applied in hole in time before powder charge, spacer layer (12) is less than blast hole using diameter (1) first water bag (121) in aperture, each first water bag (121) length 300mm, prior fill water, water slug layer (14) are adopted It is greater than second water bag (141) in blast hole (1) aperture with diameter, the length of the second water bag (141) is 4500mm, with with filling；
S106, it verifies；
S107, watering carry out sprinkler operation to ground, free face, slag structure (2) before network connection；
Inspection after S108, networking, warning, detonation and detonation.
8. the construction technology of outdoor water pressure blasting structure according to claim 7, which is characterized in that blast hole (1) construction technology of powder charge mainly comprises the steps that
Loaded length and the explosive payload filling bottom of the first explosive layer (11) are first pressed when S201, powder charge, and place the first detonation dress Set (111)；
S202, it places one by one the first water bag (121), the length for filling the first water bag (121) is identical as the length of spacer layer；
S203, the layer is filled by loaded length and explosive payload of the technique requirement to the second explosive layer (13), and place the second detonation Device (131)；
S204, it is finally putting into the second water bag (141) and pours water to the orifice position of blast hole (1).
9. the construction technology of outdoor water pressure blasting structure according to claim 8, which is characterized in that described first Priming device (111) and the second priming device (131) are detonator, and detonator has the detonation for extending to blast hole (1) outside Line.
10. the construction technology of outdoor water pressure blasting structure according to claim 8, which is characterized in that described One water bag (121) and the second water bag (141) are all made of 18 thick vinyon materials.
Technical field
The present invention relates to blasting technique field more particularly to a kind of outdoor water pressure blasting structure and construction works Skill.
Background technique
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is be to solve to be easy to appear the technology of " dust " in existing almost many outdoor Blasting In Geotechnicals to ask Topic, providing a kind of can effectively solve the problem that outdoor ground exposure dust problem, is acted on and reaching using " atomization " of explosion moment water Catch the outdoor water pressure blasting structure and construction technology of dirt and depositing dust effect.
To achieve the goals above, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
Outdoor water pressure blasting structure of the invention, comprising:
The multiple row blast hole group being distributed in region to be blasted, blast hole group equidistantly distributed described in each column have multiple explosions Hole；
Blast hole is divided into the first explosive layer, spacer layer, the second explosive layer, water blocking from the bottom to top along its length Fill in layer；
Explosive, and pre-buried first priming device of first explosive layer are filled in first explosive layer；
Explosive, and pre-buried second priming device of second explosive layer are filled in second explosive layer；
Multiple first water bags are superimposed in the spacer layer along the vertical direction, are filled with water in first water bag, and The length of first water bag is 300mm, and the diameter of first water bag is less than the aperture of blast hole；
It is placed with the second water bag in the water slug layer, before explosion, water, and second water are filled in second water bag The length 4500mm of bag, the diameter of second water bag are greater than the aperture of blast hole；
The blasting arrangement further includes the slag structure piled up in region side to be blasted.
Further, the cutting depth of the blast hole is H, and the blast hole bottom has over drilling depth h；
Over drilling depth h=(0.1~0.5) H；
When the blast hole extends vertically, the hole depth L=H+h of the blast hole；
When the blast hole inclination extends, hole depth L=(H+h)/sin α of the blast hole, wherein α is blast hole inclination angle.
Further, the depth of the water slug layer is L1, and the depth of the second explosive layer is L4, and the depth of spacer layer is L3, the depth of the first explosive layer are L2；
The hole depth L=L1+L2+L3+L4 of the blast hole；
The opening diameter of the blast hole is D；
Depth L1=(25~30) D of the water slug layer；
The distance between adjacent each column blast hole is b, and the pitch of holes of the adjacent blast hole is a in each column；
The depth L2=1.35b of first explosive layer；
The depth L3=(L-L1-L2)/2 of the spacer layer；
The depth L4=L3=(L-L1-L2)/2 of second explosive layer.
Further, total loaded length of the blast hole is L', L'=L2+L4；
The explosive payload of the blast hole is Q, Q=g*L'；
The linear meter(lin.m.) explosive payload of the blast hole is g,Wherein Δ is degree of packing, Δ=900-950kg/ m3。
Further, the pitch of holes a=1.15b of the blast hole.
Further, the slag structure with a thickness of B, and B=1.5b；
The spontaneous combustion angle of repose of the slag structure chooses 55 °；
The height H'=1.4B of the slag structure.
The construction technology of outdoor water pressure blasting structure disclosed by the invention, includes the following steps:
S101, preparation of construction determine the range and cutting depth of bursting work, the square spade in the case where boring quick-fried platform in the quick-fried platform of brill Reserved slag range of structures delimited on average platform；
S102, cloth hole, by the design value of a and b in ground cloth hole, each hole location places mark, to facilitate drill carriage driver true Determine hole location, fills in drilling technique book of telling somebody what one's real intentions are and by row, column serial number indicate the depth and angle of each blast hole；
S103, drilling, drill carriage operating personnel tell somebody what one's real intentions are book operation according to drilling technique, and maximum displacement and depth must not exceed 200mm, angle are not more than 1 °, when aperture is crushed, and using mud off, guarantee that aperture is completed, after the completion of drilling, timely plugging hole Mouthful, place rubble, surface water enters；
S104, it verifies, after the completion of drilling, hole-specifically checks and accepts, calculate each hole and use firer's equipment quantity, each section of explosive payload in hole And length, total usage amount；
S105, powder charge, should get out the water bag applied in hole in time before powder charge, spacer layer is less than blast hole using diameter First water bag in aperture, each water bag length 300mm, prior fill water, water slug layer are greater than blast hole aperture using diameter The length of second water bag, the second water bag is 4500mm, with with filling；
S106, it verifies；
S107, watering carry out sprinkler operation to ground, free face, slag structure before network connection；
Inspection after S108, networking, warning, detonation and detonation.
Further, the construction technology of blast hole powder charge mainly comprises the steps that
Loaded length and the explosive payload filling bottom of the first explosive layer are first pressed when S201, powder charge, and place the first detonation dress It sets；
S202, the first water bag is placed one by one, the length for filling the first water bag is identical as the length of spacer layer；
S203, the layer is filled by loaded length and explosive payload of the technique requirement to the second explosive layer, and place the second detonation Device；
S204, it is finally putting into the second water bag and pours water to the orifice position of blast hole.
Further, first priming device and the second priming device are detonator, and detonator has and extends to explosion Detonating cord outside hole.
Further, first water bag and the second water bag are all made of 18 thick vinyon materials.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, a kind of outdoor water pressure blasting structure and construction technology provided by the invention, tool Have it is following the utility model has the advantages that
In the case where guaranteeing same demolition effect, explosive usage amount is reduced, according to practical application, explosive use can be reduced Amount 22.5%.Anti-dust effect is obvious, and dust concentration reduces and 90%.Aperture boulder yield is substantially reduced, and basically reaches no bulk.
Drill-and-blast method and construction technology do not adjust substantially, and only charge constitution slightly adjusts, and do not increase difficulty of construction, work Journey technical staff and worker operation are convenient.
Water bag is easy to make, and general plastic processing enterprise can produce.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or in the prior art more clearly, below will be to institute in embodiment Attached drawing to be used is needed to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only one recorded in the present invention A little embodiments are also possible to obtain other drawings based on these drawings for those of ordinary skill in the art.
Fig. 1 is the cloth hole structural schematic diagram of outdoor water pressure blasting structure disclosed by the embodiments of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the blast hole of outdoor water pressure blasting structure disclosed by the embodiments of the present invention.
Description of symbols:
1, blast hole；2, slag structure；
11, the first explosive layer；12, spacer layer；13, the second explosive layer；14, water slug layer；
111, the first priming device；
121, the first water bag；
131, the second priming device；
141, the second water bag.
Specific embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art more fully understand technical solution of the present invention, below in conjunction with attached drawing to this hair It is bright to be further detailed.
It is shown in Figure 1；
A kind of outdoor water pressure blasting structure disclosed by the embodiments of the present invention, comprising:
The multiple row blast hole group being distributed in region to be blasted, each column blast hole group equidistantly distributed have multiple blast holes 1；
Blast hole 1 is divided into the first explosive layer 11, spacer layer 12, the second explosive layer from the bottom to top along its length 13, water slug layer 14；
Explosive, and pre-buried first priming device 111 of the first explosive layer 11 are filled in first explosive layer 11；
Explosive, and pre-buried second priming device 131 of the second explosive layer 13 are filled in second explosive layer 13；
Multiple first water bags 121 are superimposed in spacer layer 12 along the vertical direction, are filled with water in the first water bag 121, and The length of first water bag 121 is 300mm, and the diameter of the first water bag 121 is less than the aperture of blast hole 1；
It is placed with the second water bag 141 in water slug layer 14, before explosion, water, and the second water bag are filled in the second water bag 141 141 length 4500mm, the diameter of the second water bag 141 are greater than the aperture of blast hole 1；
The blasting arrangement further includes the slag structure 2 piled up in region side to be blasted.
Specifically, present embodiment discloses a kind of blasting arrangements for outdoor Blasting In Geotechnical, divide in burst region It is furnished with multiple row blast hole 1, and each column blast hole 1 has multirow blast hole 1, the blast hole 1 is a large amount of in order to avoid generating when explosion " dust ", be designed as four-layer structure, the first respectively above-mentioned from the bottom to top explosive layer 11, spacer layer 12, the second explosive Layer 13 and water slug layer 14.
Under normal circumstances, outdoor Blasting In Geotechnical is afraid of water, generally requires to take waterproof, drainage measure when having water, still In view of water is depositing dust, catches the most effective medium of dirt, while water has good Jie of incompressible characteristic and energy transmission Matter, to promote explosion efficiency, reduces fried in addition, water under burst pressure effect, can be squeezed into crack and form splitting effect Medicine usage amount.As long as carrying out whose packing work (non-leakage), a certain amount of water is placed on certain position in blast hole, it is not single The energy generated when can effectively transmit explosive charge achievees the purpose that reduce explosive usage amount, and can use explosion wink Between water " atomization " effect, have the function that catch dirt and depositing dust.
Preferably, the design parameter in the present embodiment borehole blasting hole 1 is as follows:
The cutting depth of blast hole 1 is H, and 1 bottom of blast hole has over drilling depth h；
Over drilling depth h=(0.1~0.5) H；
When blast hole 1 extends vertically, the hole depth L=H+h of blast hole 1；
When the inclination of blast hole 1 extends, hole depth L=(H+h)/sin α of blast hole 1, wherein α is blast hole inclination angle.
Wherein, the depth of above-mentioned water slug layer 14 is L1, and the depth of the second explosive layer 13 is L4, the depth of spacer layer 12 Degree is L3, and the depth of the first explosive layer 11 is L2；
The hole depth L=L1+L2+L3+L4 of blast hole 1；
The opening diameter of blast hole 1 is D；
Depth L1=(25~30) D of water slug layer 14；
The distance between adjacent each column blast hole 1 is b, and the pitch of holes of adjacent blast hole 1 is a in each column；
The depth L2=1.35b of first explosive layer 11；
The depth L3=(L-L1-L2)/2 of spacer layer 12；
The depth L4=L3=(L-L1-L2)/2 of second explosive layer 13.
Further, total loaded length of above-mentioned blast hole 1 is L', L'=L2+L4；
The explosive payload of blast hole 1 is Q, Q=g*L'；
The linear meter(lin.m.) explosive payload of blast hole 1 is g,Wherein Δ is degree of packing, Δ=900-950kg/m3。
The pitch of holes a=1.15b of blast hole 1.
Slag structure 2 with a thickness of B, and B=1.5b；
The spontaneous combustion angle of repose of slag structure 2 chooses 55 °；
The height H'=1.4B of slag structure 2.
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