阅读说明：本技术 大尺寸桁架式支撑结构稳定性测试装置及测试方法 (Large scale Formwork Support for External stable structure system safety testing device and test method ) 是由 朱硕 何煦 罗敬 张晓辉 于 2019-09-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：大尺寸桁架式支撑结构稳定性测试装置及测试方法,涉及一种大尺寸桁架式支撑结构测试技术领域,解决现有桁架式结构稳定性测试精度低,通用性差等问题,包括两组测距单元,跟踪仪,四个经纬仪,四个高精度测角设备以及数据处理与分析系统；本发明可通过调整测试单元与高精度测角设备的位置或适当增加测试设备数量来配合实现。由于现有激光测距设备在短距离范围内可实现1μm的测量精度,测角设备具备0.1″的测角精度,在局部坐标下的测量精度较高,在建立坐标系之间的转换关系后,在空间上完成全部特征点统一到标准坐标系下,在5m测量范围内,本发明方法最终的位置变化测量精度达到10μm,角度变化测量精度达到3″。本方法满足通用性强以及高精度的使用要求。(Large scale Formwork Support for External stable structure system safety testing device and test method, it is related to a kind of large scale Formwork Support for External structured testing technical field, it is low to solve existing truss structure stability test precision, the problems such as poor universality, including two groups of distance measuring units, tracker, four theodolites, four high precision angle-measuring equipment and data process&analysis system；The present invention can realize by adjusting the position or the appropriate test equipment quantity that increases of test cell and high precision angle-measuring equipment to cooperate.Since 1 μm of measurement accuracy can be achieved in existing Laser Distance Measuring Equipment in short-range, angle-measuring equipment has 0.1 " angle measurement accuracy; the measurement accuracy under local coordinate is higher; after establishing the transformational relation between coordinate system; it is unified under conventional coordinates spatially to complete whole characteristic points; in 5m measurement range, the final change in location measurement accuracy of the method for the present invention reaches 10 μm, and angle change measurement accuracy reaches 3 ".This method meets versatile and high-precision requirement.)

1. large scale Formwork Support for External stable structure system safety testing device, including two groups of distance measuring units, tracker, four theodolites, Four high precision angle-measuring equipment and data process&analysis system；It is characterized in that:

First reference block (1) and the second reference block (2), first group of distance measuring unit are installed at the characteristic area position of truss to be measured (5) and second group of distance measuring unit (6) is respectively aligned to three normal surfaces of the first reference block (1) and the second reference block (2), and described One group of distance measuring unit (5) installs the first benchmark prism (11), and second group of distance measuring unit (6) installs the second benchmark prism (12)；Institute It states the first benchmark prism (11) optical axis and is directed toward the local coordinate system O1 direction for representing the first distance measuring unit (5), the second benchmark prism (12) optical axis is directed toward the local coordinate system O2 direction for representing the second distance measuring unit (6)；

The tracker (7) for measurement between three-dimensional position relationship two local coordinate systems, four theodolites for pair The measurement of three-dimensional perspective relationship between two local coordinate systems；Obtain the transition matrix between two local coordinate systems；

First group of distance measuring unit (5) and second group of distance measuring unit (6) are respectively to the first reference block (1) and the second reference block (2) three-dimensional position measuring under local coordinate system is carried out, while the first high precision angle-measuring equipment (3) and the second high precision angle-measuring are set The measurement of the standby three-dimensional perspective of (4) to the first reference block (1) in the local coordinate system O1, third high precision angle-measuring equipment (8) three-dimensional perspective of the second reference block (2) in the local coordinate system O2 is measured with the 4th high precision angle-measuring equipment (9)； After the data in local coordinate system before and after acquisition truss structure effect loaded, utilizes and turn between described two local coordinate systems Matrix is changed, by data process&analysis system (17), the relativeness being finally completed on truss structure between feature locations The measurement of variable quantity.

2. large scale Formwork Support for External stable structure system safety testing device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: first group Distance measuring unit (5) and second group of distance measuring unit (6) are respectively aligned to three of first reference block (1) and the second reference block (2) Normal surface, and distance is no more than 5mm.

3. large scale Formwork Support for External stable structure system safety testing device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: further include Support construction frame (10), every group of distance measuring unit of first group of distance measuring unit (5) and second group of distance measuring unit (6) is respectively by three Orthogonal high-precision laser range-finding equipment composition, the Laser Distance Measuring Equipment are fixed on support construction frame (10), and described first Benchmark prism (11) and the second benchmark prism (12) are separately mounted on support construction frame (10).

4. large scale Formwork Support for External stable structure system safety testing device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described One reference block (1) and the second reference block (2) are cube and test light is reflected on surface.

5. the test method of large scale Formwork Support for External stable structure system safety testing device according to claim 1, feature Be: this method is realized by following steps:

Step 1: installation represents the first benchmark of this feature region deformation feature at the characteristic area position of truss structure to be measured Block (1) and the second reference block (2)；

First group of distance measuring unit (5) and second group of distance measuring unit (6) are respectively aligned to the first reference block (1) and the second reference block (2) Three normal surfaces；Three optical axises of the first benchmark prism (11) and the second benchmark prism (12) are directed toward adjustment and first group of survey Direction away from unit and the second distance measuring unit test beams is consistent；

Step 2: completing the three-dimensional between two local coordinate systems that two groups of distance measuring units are established using laser tracker (7) Positional relationship tests the three-dimensional perspective between two local coordinate systems using four theodolites, obtains two local coordinate systems Transformational relation matrix；

Step 3: the three-dimensional position using the first distance measuring unit (5) measurement the first reference block (1) at local coordinate system O1, is adopted With the first high precision angle-measuring equipment (3) and the second high precision angle-measuring equipment (4) measurement the first reference block (1) in local coordinate system O1 Three-dimensional perspective of the lower opposite first benchmark prism (11) in corresponding direction；

Using three-dimensional position of the second distance measuring unit (6) measurement the second reference block (2) at local coordinate system O2, third height is utilized Precision angle-measuring equipment (8) and the 4th high precision angle-measuring equipment (9) measurement the second reference block (2) are opposite the at local coordinate system O2 Three-dimensional perspective of the two benchmark prisms (12) in corresponding direction；

Step 4: the angle of the first reference block (1) and the second reference block (2) that step 3 is obtained under respective local coordinate system And position data is as one group of test data, the transformational relation matrix between two local coordinate systems obtained according to step 2, The data under local coordinate system O2 are transformed into local coordinate system O1 using data process&analysis system (17), with local seat Mark system O1 is as the frame of reference；

Step 5: applying temperature loading or mechanical loading to truss structure to be measured, after load effect is stablized, first is used again Distance measuring unit (5) measures the three-dimensional position of the first reference block (1) at local coordinate system O1, using the first high precision angle-measuring equipment (3) and the second high precision angle-measuring equipment (4) measures the first reference block (1) opposite first benchmark prism at local coordinate system O1 (11) in the three-dimensional perspective of corresponding direction；

Using three-dimensional position of the second distance measuring unit (6) measurement the second reference block (2) at local coordinate system O2, using third height Precision angle-measuring equipment (8) and the 4th high precision angle-measuring equipment (9) measurement the second reference block (2) are opposite the at local coordinate system O2 Three-dimensional perspective of the two benchmark prisms (12) in corresponding direction；

Step 6: the first reference block (1) and the second reference block (2) after the load effect that step 5 is obtained are sat in respective part Angle and position data under mark system is as another group of test data, between two local coordinate systems obtained using step 2 Data under local coordinate system O2 are transformed into local coordinate system using data process&analysis system (17) by transformational relation matrix In O1；

Step 7: two groups of test datas of step 4 and step 6 are calculated truss using data process&analysis system (17) Variable quantity of the formula mechanism after applying load.

6. test method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: apply temperature loading or mechanics to truss structure to be measured Load effect front and back, keeps support construction frame (10), the first distance measuring unit (5), the second distance measuring unit (6), the first benchmark prism (11) and the relative positional relationship of the second benchmark prism (12) is constant.

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of large scale Formwork Support for External structured testing technical fields, and in particular to a kind of large scale truss Formula support construction stability test device and test method.

Background technique

The bore of large-scale optics load domestic at present has evolved to 2-4m magnitude, and overall structure envelope size reaches 5m amount Grade, large scale Formwork Support for External structure be the design of large-scale optics load structure frequently with form, truss structure has succinct Reliably, assembling is flexible, designability is strong, high support stiffness, dynamic characteristic are good, to temperature-insensitive and small in size, light weight The features such as, be conducive to reduce the volume and weight when the design of load structure, while Formwork Support for External structure is compared to other supports The high stability of structure type, be more advantageous to reduce malformation give load spectrophotometric data bring influence, in order into One step ensures that load is able to bear examining for a variety of vibrations, impact and the extraneous loads such as noise and environmental condition during the launch process It tests, it is necessary to the stability to truss structure to test in the ground development stage for load, i.e., to multiple on truss structure Relative positional relationship between characteristic area and characteristic point is tested, to verify the reliability of truss structural design.Often at present Truss stability test method mainly includes two kinds, one is being placed test with target ball using laser tracker equipment In on each position to be measured, the situation of change of relative position and posture is tested between completing characteristic area, this method stimulated light with The measurement accuracy of track instrument equipment itself limits, and for the coarse scale structures part of 5m or more, method testing precision is about 50 μm, this Method is compared with the stability test for being suitable for small size support construction；The second is installing prism additional in characteristic area position to be measured, utilize Theodolite Convergent measurement prism angle situation of change, such method mainly test angle situation of change, it is difficult to provide The final result of the opposite variation in position, the high-precision that the test of large-scale truss type structural stability is not satisfied in common method at present are wanted It asks, therefore studies measuring accuracy height, versatile truss structure stability test method.

Chinese patent publication discloses " a kind of planar truss structural stability mechanics experimental apparatus " (CN201110343859.9).The device includes band sliding slot rack, and two pillars, two branch are arranged in the left and right ends of sliding slot rack The top of column is connected with the plane girder being made of seven spring steel rectangular section bars, and each section bar respectively pastes one piece of strain Flower, four bar intersection of plane girder are provided with the first elevator, and the first elevator connects the second elevator by flexible cable, and the second elevator is hinged On loading mechanism lever, lever is hinged in pillar, has sliding weight on the lever left side, pillar left end hangs counterweight hanging scaffold, right end bolt It connects initial balance and adjusts stone roller, it can the real-time continuous critical load for measuring structure.This device is mainly for the steady of truss structural Qualitative determination is not the deflection measurement for the large-scale truss type support construction of 5m magnitude, and versatility is insufficient.

Summary of the invention

The problems such as present invention is that the existing truss structure stability test precision of solution is low, poor universality provides a kind of big Size Formwork Support for External structural stability test method.

Large scale Formwork Support for External stable structure system safety testing device, including two groups of distance measuring units, tracker, four longitudes and latitudes Instrument, four high precision angle-measuring equipment and data process&analysis system；

First reference block and the second reference block be installed at the characteristic area position of truss to be measured, first group of distance measuring unit and Second group of distance measuring unit is respectively aligned to three normal surfaces of the first reference block and the second reference block, first group of distance measuring unit peace The first benchmark prism is filled, second group of distance measuring unit installs the second benchmark prism；First benchmark prism optical axis direction represents the The local coordinate system O1 of one distance measuring unit is directed toward, and the second benchmark prism optical axis is directed toward the local coordinate system for representing the second distance measuring unit O2 is directed toward；

The tracker for measurement between three-dimensional position relationship two local coordinate systems, four theodolites for pair The measurement of three-dimensional perspective relationship between two local coordinate systems；Obtain the transition matrix between two local coordinate systems；

First group of distance measuring unit and second group of distance measuring unit are respectively to the first reference block and the second reference block carry out office Three-dimensional position measuring under portion's coordinate system, while the first high precision angle-measuring equipment and the second high precision angle-measuring equipment are to the first benchmark The measurement of three-dimensional perspective of the block in the local coordinate system O1, third high precision angle-measuring equipment and the 4th high precision angle-measuring equipment To three-dimensional perspective measurement of second reference block in the local coordinate system O2；Obtain the office before and after truss structure effect loaded After data in portion's coordinate system, using the transition matrix between described two local coordinate systems, by data process&analysis system, The measurement of relativeness variable quantity between feature locations is finally completed on truss structure.

Large scale Formwork Support for External structural stability test method, this method are realized by following steps:

Step 1: installation represents the first of this feature region deformation feature at the characteristic area position of truss structure to be measured Reference block and the second reference block；

First group of distance measuring unit and second group of distance measuring unit are being respectively aligned to three of the first reference block and the second reference block just Three optical axises of the first benchmark prism and the second benchmark prism are directed toward adjustment and first group of distance measuring unit and the second ranging by cross surface The direction of unit testing light beam is consistent；

Step 2: completing the three-dimensional between two local coordinate systems that two groups of distance measuring units are established using laser tracker Positional relationship tests the three-dimensional perspective between two local coordinate systems using four theodolites, obtains two local coordinate systems Transformational relation matrix；

Step 3: measuring three-dimensional position of first reference block at local coordinate system O1 using the first distance measuring unit, use First high precision angle-measuring equipment and second the first reference block of high precision angle-measuring device measuring are opposite first at local coordinate system O1 Three-dimensional perspective of the benchmark prism in corresponding direction；

Three-dimensional position of second reference block at local coordinate system O2 is measured using the second distance measuring unit, it is high-precision using third Spend angle-measuring equipment and the 4th the second reference block of high precision angle-measuring the device measuring opposite second benchmark prism at local coordinate system O2 In the three-dimensional perspective of corresponding direction；

Step 4: angle under respective local coordinate system of the first reference block and the second reference block that step 3 is obtained and Position data as one group of test data, adopt by the transformational relation matrix between two local coordinate systems obtained according to step 2 The data under local coordinate system O2 are transformed into local coordinate system O1 with data process&analysis system, with local coordinate system O1 As the frame of reference；

Step 5: applying temperature loading or mechanical loading to truss structure to be measured, after load effect is stablized, use again First distance measuring unit measures three-dimensional position of first reference block at local coordinate system O1, using the first high precision angle-measuring equipment and Second the first reference block of high precision angle-measuring device measuring is at local coordinate system O1 with respect to the first benchmark prism in corresponding direction Three-dimensional perspective；

Three-dimensional position of second reference block at local coordinate system O2 is measured using the second distance measuring unit, it is high-precision using third Spend angle-measuring equipment and the 4th the second reference block of high precision angle-measuring the device measuring opposite second benchmark prism at local coordinate system O2 In the three-dimensional perspective of corresponding direction；

Step 6: the first reference block and the second reference block after the load effect that step 5 is obtained are in respective local coordinate Angle and position data under system are turned between two local coordinate systems obtained using step 2 as another group of test data Relational matrix is changed, the data under local coordinate system O2 are transformed into local coordinate system O1 using data process&analysis system；

Step 7: by two groups of test datas of step 4 and step 6, using data process&analysis system-computed truss Variable quantity of the formula mechanism after applying load.

Beneficial effects of the present invention: test method of the present invention, using the test form of coordinate transform, it is contemplated that big Farther out, existing test method test is smart when establishing under the same coordinate system for relative distance between the certain characteristic areas of size truss structure The deficiency of degree establishes local coordinate system for the position of characteristic point to be measured, completes truss by the relationship between coordinate system and is passing through The rejecting for going through different extraneous loads effect front and back rigid body displacement, obtains on truss that relative deformation, i.e. truss are steady between characteristic point Observational measurement.

When being tested using method of the present invention, it is assumed that need to test relative position and angle between multiple characteristic points and close Be deflection, can by adjusting test cell and high precision angle-measuring equipment position or appropriate increase test equipment quantity and cooperate It realizes.Since 1 μm of measurement accuracy can be achieved in existing Laser Distance Measuring Equipment in short-range, angle-measuring equipment has 0.1 " Angle measurement accuracy, the measurement accuracy under local coordinate is higher, after establishing the transformational relation between coordinate system, spatially completes Under whole characteristic points unifications to conventional coordinates, in 5m measurement range, the final change in location measurement accuracy of the method for the present invention Reach 10 μm, angle change measurement accuracy reaches 3 ".The measurement accuracy of ranging and angle-measuring equipment can be traceable to national measurement institute, should Method realizes portable, versatile and high-precision requirement.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of large scale Formwork Support for External stable structure system safety testing device of the present invention；

Fig. 2 is distance measuring unit and branch in a kind of large scale Formwork Support for External stable structure system safety testing device of the present invention The structural schematic diagram of support structure frame.

Specific embodiment