阅读说明：本技术 一种土壤冻结深度测量装置及测量方法 (A kind of soil frozen depth measuring device and measuring method ) 是由 张英俊 徐恒康 刘楠 张�浩 孙翔云 郭童天 逄悦 于 2019-09-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于冬季生态学研究领域,涉及一种土壤冻结深度测量装置,包括PVC封口塞1、亚甲基蓝溶液2、透明PVC管4和设置于透明PVC管4外壁的刻度线3,所述PVC封口塞1起密封作用,所述亚甲基蓝溶液2的浓度为2％；所述透明PVC管4的长度可以所需根据测量深度进行选择,当测量深度在1-2m范围内时,可使用硬质的透明PVC管4直接测定,当测量深度大于2m时,则用软质的透明PCV管4深入用硬质PVC管打孔的内置,从而方便取出测定。本发明还涉及一种土壤冻结深度测量方法。本发明装置和方法成本低,测量冻结效果好,数据准确,使用操作便利,方便存储,适合草原野外实验。(The invention belongs to wintering ecology research fields, it is related to a kind of soil frozen depth measuring device, including PVC sealing plug 1, methylene blue solution 2, transparent PVC pipe 4 and the graduation mark 3 for being set to 4 outer wall of transparent PVC pipe, the PVC sealing plug 1 seals, and the concentration of the methylene blue solution 2 is 2%；The length of the transparent PVC pipe 4 required can be selected according to fathoming, when fathoming within the scope of 1-2m, the transparent PVC pipe 4 of hard can be used directly to measure, when fathoming greater than 2m, then goed deep into built in the punching of hard PVC pipe with soft transparent PCV pipe 4, so that taking-up be facilitated to measure.The invention further relates to a kind of soil frozen depth measurement methods.Apparatus of the present invention and method are at low cost, and measurement freezing efficiency is good, and data are accurate, using operating conveniently, facilitate storage, are suitble to grassland field trial.)

1. a kind of soil frozen depth measuring device, which is characterized in that including PVC sealing plug (1), methylene blue solution (2), thoroughly Bright pvc pipe (4) and the graduation mark (3) for being set to transparent PVC pipe (4) outer wall, the sealing plug (1) seal, the Asia The concentration of methyl blue solution (2) is 2%.

2. soil frozen depth measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the rule of the PVC sealing plug (1) Lattice are GB10002.2,1.0MPA, 20mm, and one end is used as bottom in pricking into soil, the other end is exposed at outside soil.

3. soil frozen depth measuring device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the methylene blue solution (2) It waits and is added in transparent PVC pipe (4) when in use, anhydrous methylene indigo plant is that golden red dodges golden light or dodges the powder of bronze coloured light, Be dissolved in water, alcohol, chloroform does not dissolve in ether, and solution is blue, after freezing dehydration display anhydrous methylene indigo plant color pink colour or It is bronze-colored, it can develop the color and indicate soil frozen depth, play instruction coloration.

4. soil frozen depth measuring device according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the graduation mark (3) is transparent The outer wall of pvc pipe (4) goes out soil frozen depth numerical value by reading graduation indication after developing the color by methylene blue solution (2).

5. soil frozen depth measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: transparent PVC pipe (4) length It required can be selected according to fathoming, when fathoming within the scope of 1-2m, the transparent PVC pipe of hard can be used (4) it directly measures, when fathoming greater than 2m, then with soft transparent PCV pipe (4) deeply in the punching of hard PVC pipe It sets, so that taking-up be facilitated to measure.

6. a kind of soil frozen depth measurement method uses the soil frozen depth measuring device of any one of claim 1-5, It is characterized in that, measurement method includes the following steps:

(1) by diameter, mutually suitable earth boring auger is punched with transparent PVC pipe (4), the methylene blue solution for being 2% by concentration (2) it is put into transparent PVC pipe (4), is sealed, can be sealed with cementing by sealing plug (1)；

(2) it places into the soil before snowfall is freezed, to monitor soil frozen depth in winter, embedded mode can be according to measurement surface The difference of depth is divided into two kinds:

The soil frozen depth for such as measuring surface 1-2m, the transparent PVC pipe (4) for directlying adopt hard are measured；

It is greater than the soil frozen depth of 2m as measured, then needs first to go deep into hard PVC pipe inside soil, then concentration will be housed Soft transparent PVC hose (4) for 2% methylene blue solution (2) is put into inside it；

(3) it is measured according to colour developing, by conduction after winter soil freezing, so that the methylene blue that concentration is 2% is molten Liquid (2) freezes, and the methylene blue solution (2) after frost becomes pink colour from blue, by color change, in transparent PVC hose (4) Scale on readout value, to measure soil frozen depth.

Technical field

The present invention relates to wintering ecology research fields, and in particular to a kind of soil frozen depth measuring device and measurement side Method.

Background technique

Soil is the main living environment of land plant.More or less all contain moisture inside soil, when native into people's winter When earth temperature drops to 0 DEG C or less, the moisture in soil will congeal into ice, and freeze together together with soil particle, then with regard to shape At frozen soil.As no matter how cold rivers and lakes winter is, it is also difficult to which the reason that appearance integrally freezes is the same, and soil also has huge Thermal capacity.Although upper layer has frozen, after reaching certain soil layer down, temperature no longer declines, and is maintained at a base throughout the year This constant level, and the temperature of this soil layer does not change with the variation of external environmental condition, this layer is known as thermostat layer.Soil The depth of freezing of earth, depending on 0 DEG C of earth's surface or less intensity, water regime of soil and soil texture of low temperature etc..Plant and dynamic Object mostly carries out vital movement in the level that depth of soil is 1-2m, therefore the measurement of the topsoil depth of freezing seems especially heavy It wants.

Soil freezing-thawing acts on the salinization and alkalization that can aggravate soil, and unfreezing promotes greenhouse gas emission, therefore winter Concern of the soil freezing-thawing in season by originally more researchers.Grassland is considered as maximum management ecosystem on the earth System, the combined influence by frequent mankind's activity and lasting Global climate change.Climate change influences by various modes The world's ecosystems, change physiology, phenology, breeding, survival and the distribution of many species, even result in species extinction.Constantly The research evidence of accumulation shows that climate change is to influence one of the principal element of bio-diversity, gives bio-diversity conservation band Carry out huge challenge.Therefore, inquiring into influence of the climate change to bio-diversity can be in time region or even global bio-diversity Protection provides important references and foundation.The measurement method of existing Seasonal analysis thickness, based on " in seasonal frozen soil region Domain, upper layer of soil resistivity are much larger than lower soil resistivity, and the profound degree of an electric current being embedded in two electrodes of ground end increases Add, will lead to the decline of earth's surface two o'clock potential difference, after penetrating upper layer frozen soil due to electric current pole, ground resistance sharply declines, and leads to ground Table potential difference change rate is sharply reduced " principle, although solving the problems, such as frost zone thickness measure, there are costs A variety of unfavorable factors such as height, structure is complicated, and condition of power supply is limited.

To avoid the above unfavorable factor, convenient for studying the seasonal variety of soil frozen depth under different processing or freezing Depth difference provides some technical supports, therefore just devises a kind of reasonable soil frozen depth measurement in apparatus of the present invention Device, so that grassland ecology research under climate change is carried out, to predict influence of the Future Climate Change to meadow.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome a series of defects of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of soil frozen depths Measuring device and measuring method, to solve the problems mentioned in the above background technology.

A kind of soil frozen depth measuring device of the invention, including PVC sealing plug 1, methylene blue solution 2, transparent PVC Pipe 4 and the graduation mark 3 for being set to 4 outer wall of transparent PVC pipe, the sealing plug 1 seal, the methylene blue solution 2 Concentration is 2%.

Preferably, the specification of the PVC sealing plug 1 is GB10002.2,1.0MPA, 20mm, conduct in one end is pricked into soil Bottom, the other end are exposed at outside soil.

Preferably, the methylene blue solution 2 is waited when in use is added in transparent PVC pipe, and anhydrous methylene indigo plant is golden red Color dodges golden light or dodges the powder of bronze coloured light, is dissolved in water, alcohol, and chloroform does not dissolve in ether, and solution is blue, after freezing Dehydration display anhydrous methylene indigo plant color pink colour or bronze-colored, can develop the color and indicate soil frozen depth, play instruction colour developing and make With.

Preferably, the graduation mark 3 passes through reading after developing the color by methylene blue solution 2 in the outer wall of transparent PVC pipe 4 Graduation indication goes out soil frozen depth numerical value.

Preferably, 4 length of transparent PVC pipe can needed for be selected according to fathoming, when fathoming in 1- When within the scope of 2m, the transparent PVC pipe 4 of hard can be used directly to measure, when fathoming greater than 2m, then with soft transparent PCV pipe 4 deeply built in the punching of hard PVC pipe, measures to facilitate and take out.

A kind of soil frozen depth measurement method of the invention, uses the soil frozen depth that claim is of the invention Measuring device, the measurement method include the following steps:

(1) it is punched by diameter and the mutually suitable earth boring auger of transparent PVC pipe 4, the methylene blue solution for being 2% by concentration 2 are put into transparent PVC pipe 4, are sealed by sealing plug 1, can be sealed with cementing；

(2) it places into the soil before snowfall is freezed, to monitor soil frozen depth in winter, embedded mode can be according to measurement The difference of case depth is divided into two kinds:

The soil frozen depth for such as measuring surface 1-2m, the transparent PVC pipe 4 for directlying adopt hard are measured；

It is greater than the soil frozen depth of 2m as measured, then needs first to go deep into hard PVC pipe inside soil, then will be equipped with The soft transparent PVC hose 4 for the methylene blue solution 2 that concentration is 2% is put into inside it；

(3) it is measured according to colour developing, by conduction after winter soil freezing, so that the methylene that concentration is 2% Blue solution 2 freezes, and the methylene blue solution 2 after frost becomes pink colour from blue, by color change, in transparent PVC hose 4 Readout value on scale, to measure soil frozen depth.

Soil frozen depth measuring device of the invention has the advantages that

The present invention can facilitate the measurement grassland soil depth of freezing, and recyclable collection, does not take up space when not having to.It is at low cost, It is good to measure effect, is suitble to be ecological Studies personnel or climate change personnel uses, it is raw to simulation climate Changeement meadow winter The soil freezing of state plays crucial technical support.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the overall schematic of soil frozen depth measuring device of the invention；

Fig. 2 is the operation schematic diagram of soil frozen depth measuring device of the invention；

Appended drawing reference in figure are as follows:

1-PVC sealing plug 1,2- methylene blue solution, 3- scale, 4- transparent PVC pipe

Specific embodiment

To keep the purposes, technical schemes and advantages of the invention implemented clearer, below in conjunction in the embodiment of the present invention Attached drawing, technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is further described in more detail.In the accompanying drawings, identical from beginning to end or class As label indicate same or similar element or element with the same or similar functions.Described embodiment is the present invention A part of the embodiment, instead of all the embodiments.The word of embodiment and directionality below with reference to attached drawing description It is exemplary, it is intended to be used to explain the present invention, and be not considered as limiting the invention.Based on the implementation in the present invention Example, every other embodiment obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to The scope of protection of the invention.The embodiment of the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.

In a broad embodiment of the invention, a kind of soil frozen depth measuring device specifically includes that invention diameter is The transparent PVC pipe 4 of 2mm, outer wall have accurate scale 3；Two are played the PVC sealing plug 1 of sealing, are located at transparent The both ends of pvc pipe, specification GB10002.2,1.0MPA, 20mm；The methylene blue that concentration in transparent PVC pipe is 2% Solution 2.

The specification of the PVC sealing plug 1 is GB10002.2,1.0MPA, 20mm, and one end is used as bottom in pricking into soil, separately One end is exposed at outside soil.

The methylene blue solution 2 is waited when in use to be added in transparent PVC pipe 4, and anhydrous methylene indigo plant is that golden red dodges gold Light or the powder for dodging bronze coloured light are dissolved in water, alcohol, and chloroform does not dissolve in ether, and solution is blue, are dehydrated after freezing aobvious Show anhydrous methylene indigo plant color pink colour or bronze-colored, can develop the color and indicate soil frozen depth, plays instruction coloration.

The graduation mark 3 passes through reading graduation indication in the outer wall of transparent PVC pipe 4 after developing the color by methylene blue solution 2 Soil frozen depth numerical value out.

4 length of transparent PVC pipe can needed for be selected according to fathoming, when fathoming within the scope of 1-2m When, it the transparent PVC pipe 4 of hard can be used directly to measure, when fathoming greater than 2m, then goed deep into soft transparent PCV pipe 4 Built in the punching of hard PVC pipe, so that taking-up be facilitated to measure.

By taking the Hulunbeier sandland of the Inner Mongol as an example, the annual May 1 that is frozen at winter underground 1m starts to melt later Change, melt completely to the beginning of June surface layer, soil frozen depth measuring device of the invention can be used, measurement method is as follows:

(1) by diameter, mutually suitable earth boring auger is punched with transparent PVC pipe, and the methylene blue that concentration is 2% is developed the color Solution is put into transparent PVC pipe, is sealed by sealing plug, can be sealed with cementing；

(2) it places into the soil before snowfall is freezed, to monitor soil frozen depth in winter, embedded mode can be according to measurement The difference of case depth is divided into two kinds:

The soil frozen depth for such as measuring surface 1-2m directlys adopt hard transparent pvc pipe and is measured；

It is greater than the soil frozen depth of 2m as measured, then needs first to go deep into hard PVC pipe inside soil, then will be equipped with The transparent PVC hose of methylene blue solution 2 is put into inside it；

(3) it is measured according to colour developing.By conduction after winter soil freezing, so that methylene blue solution freezes, Solution after frost becomes pink colour from blue, by color change, the readout value on the scale of transparent pipe, so that measurement is unearthed The earth depth of freezing.

Finally it is noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations.To the greatest extent Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments for pipe, those skilled in the art should understand that: it is still It is possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or part of technical characteristic is equally replaced It changes；And these are modified or replaceed, the essence for technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution Mind and range.