阅读说明：本技术 一种高灵敏度烟雾报警器、系统及方法 (A kind of high sensitivity smoke alarm, system and method ) 是由 赵明 于 2019-08-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本公开提供了一种高灵敏度烟雾报警器、系统及方法,包括壳体、光源、发射光纤、接收光纤、至少一个检烟腔和至少一个参比腔、第一检验光敏二极管、第一参比光敏二极管和微控制器,通过设置检烟腔和参比腔,烟雾探测时通过检烟腔和参比腔的信号对比,有效的克服了温度变化等环境因素所导致的烟雾报警器的误报,通过设置多层检烟层,每层均设有检烟腔和参比腔,通过检测每层检烟腔中的烟雾探测信号,实现了烟雾的分层探测,防止因灰尘等环境因素导致的仅某一层或者某几层探测到“假烟雾信号”所带来的误报,从而更进一步的提高烟雾探测的精度。(Present disclose provides a kind of highly sensitive smoke alarms, system and method, including shell, light source, launching fiber, reception optical fiber, at least one inspection smoke chamber and at least one reference chamber, first examines photodiode, first reference photodiode and microcontroller, pass through setting inspection smoke chamber and reference chamber, pass through the signal contrast of inspection smoke chamber and reference chamber when smoke detection, effectively overcome the wrong report of smoke alarm caused by the environmental factors such as temperature change, smoke stratification is examined by setting multilayer, every layer is equipped with inspection smoke chamber and reference chamber, pass through the smoke detection signal in every layer of inspection smoke chamber of detection, realize the layered probe of smog, it is only reported by mistake brought by a certain layer or a few Layer Detections to " false smoke fog signal " caused by preventing because of environmental factors such as dusts, to further improve the precision of smoke detection.)

1. a kind of high sensitivity smoke alarm, which is characterized in that including shell, light source, launching fiber, reception optical fiber, at least One inspection smoke chamber and at least one reference chamber, the first inspection photodiode, the first reference photodiode and microcontroller, institute It states housing bottom and is provided with multiple ventholes, the inspection smoke chamber bottom is provided with air inlet, and the reference chamber does not have compared with examining smoke chamber Air inlet, incidence end and the light source of the launching fiber are oppositely arranged；

The launching fiber is at least divided into a branch of first launching fiber and a branch of second launching fiber, first launching fiber Exit end is connected in inspection smoke chamber, and the exit end of the second launching fiber is connected in reference chamber, and the reception optical fiber includes at least A branch of first reception optical fiber and at least a branch of second reception optical fiber, the incidence end of first reception optical fiber are connected in inspection smoke chamber It is oppositely arranged with the exit end of the first launching fiber, the incidence end of the second reception optical fiber is connected in reference chamber and the second transmitting light Fine exit end is oppositely arranged, and the light for exporting launching fiber exit end direct transfers to the incidence end of reception optical fiber；

The exit end of first reception optical fiber and the photosensitive sites of the first inspection photodiode are oppositely arranged, and second receives light The photosensitive sites of fine exit end and the first reference photodiode are oppositely arranged, and described first examines photodiode and first Reference photodiode is connect with micro-controller communications respectively, for the inspection cigarette according to the first reception optical fiber and the second reception optical fiber Emergent light and reference emergent light realize black smoke detection.

2. smoke alarm as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that further include third reception optical fiber, the 4th reception optical fiber, Second examines photodiode and the second reference photodiode, and the incidence end of the third reception optical fiber is connected in inspection smoke chamber And be arranged at an angle with the exit end of the first launching fiber, the incidence end of the 4th reception optical fiber be connected in reference chamber and with The exit end of second launching fiber is arranged at an angle, and the exit end of the third reception optical fiber and second examines photosensitive two pole The photosensitive sites of pipe are oppositely arranged, and the exit end of the 4th reception optical fiber is opposite with the photosensitive sites of the second reference photodiode to be set It sets, the second inspection photodiode and the second reference photodiode are connect with micro-controller communications respectively, are used for basis The inspection cigarette emergent light and reference emergent light of third reception optical fiber and the 4th reception optical fiber realize white cigarette detection.

3. smoke alarm as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that first launching fiber and the second launching fiber Exit end is equipped with multiple, quantity and the first launching fiber of the incidence end of first reception optical fiber and third reception optical fiber Exit end quantity is identical and is successively oppositely arranged；The quantity of the incidence end of second reception optical fiber and the 4th reception optical fiber and the The exit end quantity of two launching fibers is identical and angled setting；

Or, the extended line of the incidence end of the third reception optical fiber is vertical with the extended line of the exit end of the first launching fiber, institute The extended line for stating the incidence end of the 4th reception optical fiber is vertical with the extended line of the exit end of the second launching fiber.

4. smoke alarm as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the light source is high brightness LED, described Condenser lens is equipped between high brightness LED and the incidence end of launching fiber, for issuing high brightness LED Light focus on the incidence end of launching fiber as incident light.

5. smoke alarm as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that further include that third examines photodiode and the 4th inspection Test photodiode, the exit end of first reception optical fiber and third reception optical fiber is respectively divided into two parts, a part and phase Corresponding first and second inspections photodiode is oppositely arranged, and another part and third of the first reception optical fiber exit end are examined Photodiode is oppositely arranged, and another part of third reception optical fiber exit end is oppositely arranged with the 4th inspection photodiode, The third examines photodiode to connect by scanning circuit with microcontroller with the 4th inspection photodiode.

6. smoke alarm as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the exit end of first and second launching fiber with And first, second, third and fourth the incidence end of reception optical fiber be set on the same horizontal plane, constitute one layer of inspection smoke stratification；

Further, the inspection smoke stratification is multilayer, is arranged in alarm in a fixed spacing is symmetrical above and below respectively, each to examine smoke stratification phase The first smog rising passway is constituted between the incidence end of corresponding first reception optical fiber and the exit end of the first launching fiber, is used for Realize the layered probe of black smoke；The exit end of each incidence end for examining the corresponding third reception optical fiber of smoke stratification and the first launching fiber Between constitute the second smog rising passway, for realizing the layered probe of white cigarette.

7. smoke alarm as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the inspection smoke stratification is fixedly arranged above multiple miniature wind Fan, smoke inhalation of the mini-fan for realizing amount of smoke when less；

Further, the mini-fan is respectively arranged on the top of the first smog rising passway and the second smog rising passway.

8. smoke alarm as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that it further include host computer, the host computer and microcontroller Device communication connection, for receiving the alarm signal of microcontroller transmission and the working condition of smoke alarm；

It further, further include loudspeaker, the loudspeaker is connect with micro-controller communications, is used for smog alarm.

9. a kind of smog warning system, which is characterized in that including multiple described in any item smoke alarms of claim 1-8, Multiple smoke alarms share the same light source.

10. a kind of alarm method using the described in any item smoke alarms of claim 1-8, which is characterized in that step is such as Under:

(1) smoke alarm is arranged in the position for needing to arrange, initializes smoke alarm parameters, opens light source；

(2) inspection smoke chamber real-time monitoring smoke signal is compared when detecting smoke signal with the signal of reference chamber, is judged It whether is error signal caused by external environmental interference；

(3) if the smoke signal of inspection smoke chamber is close or identical with the signal of reference chamber, step (5) are transferred to；

(4) if the signal difference of the smoke signal and reference chamber of inspection smoke chamber is larger, it is judged as smoke signal, alarms；

(5) judge each inspection smoke stratification signal, if respectively inspection smoke stratification successively detect smoke signal from top to bottom, alarm, if only certain One layer or certain it is several layers of detect smoke signal, then be judged as wrong report, do not alarm；

Further, in the step (5), the inspection smoke stratification that the judgment criteria of wrong report is at least 2/3rds does not detect smog Signal, while respectively detecting that the inspected layer of smoke signal is not to detect smoke signal from bottom to top, to prevent optical fibre damage band To influence；

Further, the working condition for checking each launching fiber and reception optical fiber, when judging to detect smoke signal when wrong report Whether optical fiber is abnormal, and if any exception, replacement maintenance in time is such as without exception, is transferred to step (6)；

Further, further include step (6), issue scene to relevant work personnel and check instruction, whether the scene checked has smog It generates.

Technical field

This disclosure relates to smoke alarm technical field, in particular to a kind of highly sensitive smoke alarm, system and side Method.

Background technique

The statement of this part only there is provided background technique relevant to the disclosure, not necessarily constitutes the prior art.

Common photoelectric smoke fog siren is divided into Sun-shading type and two kinds of scatter-type, is the smog generated when utilizing on fire This characteristic development of the variation of light intensity can be changed.The patent of Patent No. CN102622848B describes a kind of correlation point Type optical fiber smoke fire detector, the patent of Patent No. CN102622847B describe a kind of reflective point-type optical fiber sense pyrotechnics Fire detector both carries out smoke detection by setting launching fiber and reception optical fiber, reduces the low of smoke detector Cost eliminates defect easy to aging brought by electronic component.

But the disclosed invention people has found under study for action, smoke alarm in the prior art has the following deficiencies: (1) The sensitivity of smoke alarm is very sensitive to light source and temperature change and dust, sensitivity and wrong report and there are lances between failing to report Shield turns down sensitivity to reduce the influence reduction wrong report of light source and temperature change and dust, will bring and fail to report rising The problem of, on the contrary, failing to report to reduce and sensitivity being turned up, and it can bring and report the problem of rising by mistake, for example light source minor change produces Raw light intensity variation may be greater than the light intensity variation that a small amount of smog generates, i.e. variation can be greater than initial alignment value and then cause to miss Report；(2) in the use process of smoke alarm, it is also necessary to periodically cleaning removal dust stratification, especially light source and lens surface, no There can be dust, otherwise will lead to sensitivity and be remarkably decreased even failure；(3) to the place for needing special fire alarm, such as hospital Equal local patients are more, and many patient (such as children, old man) walkings are inconvenient, once smog wrong report occurs, it would be possible to cause It is greatly chaotic, in some instances it may even be possible to threaten the life security of sufferer.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, present disclose provides a kind of highly sensitive smoke alarm, system and method, The double check for effectively realizing black smoke and white cigarette, solves the problems, such as that current smoke alarm rate of false alarm is high, preferably Realize the accurate Detection And Warning of smog.

To achieve the goals above, the disclosure adopts the following technical scheme that

In a first aspect, present disclose provides a kind of highly sensitive smoke alarms；

A kind of high sensitivity smoke alarm, including shell, light source, launching fiber, reception optical fiber, at least one inspection smoke chamber Photodiode, the first reference photodiode and microcontroller, the housing bottom are examined at least one reference chamber, first It is provided with multiple ventholes, the inspection smoke chamber bottom is provided with air inlet, the reference chamber no air inlet compared with examining smoke chamber, other Setting is identical as inspection smoke chamber, as the reference of inspection smoke chamber, for excluding external interference；It is equipped with shielding box in the shell, is used for Place light source and microcontroller；The incidence end of the launching fiber is oppositely arranged with light source, the exit end of the launching fiber from Shielding box is drawn；

The launching fiber is at least divided into a branch of first launching fiber and a branch of second launching fiber, the first transmitting light Fine exit end is connected in inspection smoke chamber, and the exit end of the second launching fiber is connected in reference chamber, and the reception optical fiber is at least Including a branch of first reception optical fiber and at least a branch of second reception optical fiber, the incidence end of first reception optical fiber is connected to inspection cigarette Exit end in chamber with the first launching fiber is oppositely arranged, and the incidence end of the second reception optical fiber is connected in reference chamber and the second hair The exit end for penetrating optical fiber is oppositely arranged, and the light for exporting launching fiber exit end direct transfers to the incidence end of reception optical fiber；

The exit end of first reception optical fiber and the photosensitive sites of the first inspection photodiode are oppositely arranged, and second connects The photosensitive sites of exit end and the first reference photodiode for receiving optical fiber are oppositely arranged, described first examine photodiode with First reference photodiode is connect with micro-controller communications respectively, for according to the first reception optical fiber and the second reception optical fiber It examines cigarette emergent light and reference emergent light realizes black smoke detection.

It further include third reception optical fiber, the 4th reception optical fiber, the second inspection photosensitive two as possible some implementations Pole pipe and the second reference photodiode, the incidence end of the third reception optical fiber are connected in inspection smoke chamber and emit light with first Fine exit end is arranged at an angle, the incidence end of the 4th reception optical fiber be connected in reference chamber and with the second launching fiber Exit end is arranged at an angle, the photosensitive sites phase that the exit end of the third reception optical fiber examines photodiode with second To setting, the exit end of the 4th reception optical fiber and the photosensitive sites of the second reference photodiode are oppositely arranged, second inspection Test photodiode and the second reference photodiode connect with micro-controller communications respectively, for according to third reception optical fiber and The inspection cigarette emergent light and reference emergent light of 4th reception optical fiber realize white cigarette detection.

It is limited as further, the exit end of first launching fiber and the second launching fiber is equipped with multiple, institute The quantity for stating the incidence end of the first reception optical fiber and third reception optical fiber is identical as the exit end quantity of the first launching fiber, and according to It is secondary to be oppositely arranged；The quantity of the incidence end of second reception optical fiber and the 4th reception optical fiber and the exit end of the second launching fiber Quantity is identical, and angled setting；

It is limited as further, the outgoing of the extended line and the first launching fiber of the incidence end of the third reception optical fiber The extended line at end is vertical, the extended line of the exit end of the extended line and the second launching fiber of the incidence end of the 4th reception optical fiber Vertically.

As possible some implementations, the light source is high brightness LED, the high brightness light-emitting diodes Condenser lens is equipped between pipe and the incidence end of launching fiber, the light for issuing high brightness LED focuses on transmitting The incidence end of optical fiber is as incident light.

It further include that third examines photodiode and the 4th to examine photodiode as possible some implementations, The exit end of first reception optical fiber and third reception optical fiber is respectively divided into two parts, a part of with corresponding first or Two inspection photodiodes are oppositely arranged, and another part and third of the first reception optical fiber exit end examine the sense of photodiode Optical position is oppositely arranged, and another part of third reception optical fiber exit end examines the photosensitive sites of photodiode opposite with the 4th Setting, the third examine photodiode to connect by scanning circuit with microcontroller with the 4th inspection photodiode.

It is limited as further, the exit end of first and second launching fiber and first, second, third and the The incidence end of four reception optical fibers is set on the same horizontal plane, constitutes one layer of inspection smoke stratification；

It is limited as further, the inspection smoke stratification is multilayer, is being alarmed respectively in fixed spacing setting symmetrical above and below In device, the first cigarette is constituted between each incidence end for examining corresponding first reception optical fiber of smoke stratification and the exit end of the first launching fiber Mist rising passway, for realizing the layered probe of black smoke；Each incidence end and first for examining the corresponding third reception optical fiber of smoke stratification The second smog rising passway is constituted between the exit end of launching fiber, for realizing the layered probe of white cigarette.

It is limited as further, the inspection smoke stratification is fixedly arranged above at least one mini-fan, the miniature wind Fan the smoke inhalation for realizing amount of smoke when less；

It is limited as further, the mini-fan is respectively arranged on the first smog rising passway and the second smog rises The top in channel.

It further include host computer as possible some implementations, the host computer is connect with micro-controller communications, is used for Receive the working condition of alarm signal and smoke alarm that microcontroller is sent；

It is limited as further, further includes loudspeaker, the loudspeaker is connect with micro-controller communications, is used for smog report It is alert.

Second aspect, present disclose provides a kind of smog warning system, including smoke alarm described in multiple disclosure, Multiple smoke alarms share the same light source.

The third aspect, present disclose provides a kind of smog alarm methods, utilize smoke alarm described in the disclosure, step It is as follows:

(1) smoke alarm is arranged in the position for needing to arrange, initializes smoke alarm parameters, opens light Source；

(2) inspection smoke chamber real-time monitoring smoke signal is compared when detecting smoke signal with the signal of reference chamber, Judge whether it is error signal caused by external environmental interference；

(3) if the smoke signal of inspection smoke chamber is close or identical with the signal of reference chamber, step (5) are transferred to；

(4) if the signal difference of the smoke signal and reference chamber of inspection smoke chamber is larger, it is judged as smoke signal, alarms；

(5) judge that the smoke signal of each inspection smoke stratification is alarmed if respectively inspection smoke stratification successively detects smoke signal, if Only a certain layer or certain it is several layers of detect smoke signal, then be judged as wrong report, do not alarm；

Further, in the step (3), if photodiode and the electric bridge of reference photodiode composition is examined not to have There is signal output to be transferred to step when that is, inspection photodiode is consistent or close with the photocurrent variations of reference photodiode (5)；

Further, in the step (5), the inspection smoke stratification that the judgment criteria of wrong report is at least 2/3rds is not detected Smoke signal, while respectively detecting that the inspected layer of smoke signal is not to detect smoke signal from bottom to top, to prevent optical fiber from damaging It is bad to affect；

Further, the working condition for checking each launching fiber and reception optical fiber judges to detect smoke signal when wrong report When optical fiber it is whether abnormal, if any exception, replacement maintenance in time is such as without exception, is transferred to step (6)；

Further, further include step (6), issue scene to relevant work personnel and check instruction, whether the scene checked has Smog generates.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the disclosure is:

1, smoke alarm described in the disclosure is by setting inspection smoke chamber and reference chamber, when smoke detection by inspection smoke chamber and The signal contrast of reference chamber effectively overcomes the wrong report of smoke alarm caused by the environmental factors such as temperature change, such as Two photodiodes are in same environment, and the influence of temperature is also identical, the effect generated to two photodiodes Substantially it can offset, can be equivalent to input common-mode signal, and then eliminate the interference of environmental factor.

2, the inspection smoke chamber of smoke alarm described in the disclosure and reference chamber share a light source, are accessed by launching fiber Into inspection smoke chamber and reference chamber, the dust on light source fluctuation and light source or lens is effectively overcome to the shadow of testing result It rings, for example detection photodiode and reference photodiode is the irradiation of same light source, light source fluctuation or dust are to two The effect that a photodiode generates can be offset substantially, and two photodiodes generation photocurrent variations are the same, be equivalent to defeated Enter common-mode signal, i.e. the electric bridge of photodiode and resistance composition does not generate output, and then it is dry to eliminate light source fluctuation bring It disturbs, further increases smoke detection precision, effectively prevent wrong report.

3, smoke alarm described in the disclosure examines smoke stratification by setting multilayer, and every layer is equipped with inspection smoke chamber and reference chamber, By the smoke detection signal in every layer of inspection smoke chamber of detection, the layered probe of smog is realized, is prevented because of environmental factors such as dusts Wrong report brought by caused only a certain layer or a few Layer Detections to " false smoke fog signal ", to further improve smog The precision of detection.

4, smoke alarm described in the disclosure by setting mini-fan, when the amount of smoke that smoke detector detects compared with When few (at this time detected value and preset calibrations value very close to), so that more smog can be sucked in smoke alarm, with Guarantee the change of detected value caused by strictly smog, so that smoke alarm ensures to detect reliably under highly sensitive state Property.

5, smoke alarm described in the disclosure is realized and is installed to smoke alarm by the communication connection with host computer The real time monitoring of the smoke detection of position and the working condition to smoke alarm.

6, smoke alarm described in the disclosure is by the comparison with inspection smoke chamber and reference chamber, when the two signal difference is little When, the further Smoke Detection signal for examining each layer inspection smoke stratification itself, to greatly improve smoke detection precision, effectively Reduce wrong report.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is smoke alarm schematic diagram described in the embodiment of the present disclosure 1.

Fig. 2 is smoke alarm circuit connection block diagram described in the embodiment of the present disclosure 1.

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of housing structure of smoke alarm described in the embodiment of the present disclosure 1.

Fig. 4 is smog alarm method flow diagram described in the embodiment of the present disclosure 3.

1- examines smoke chamber；2- reference chamber；The first launching fiber of 3-；The second launching fiber of 4-；The first reception optical fiber of 5-；6- second Reception optical fiber；7- condenser lens；8- high brightness LED；9, the first reference photodiode；10- first examines photosensitive two Pole pipe；11- the second reference photodiode；12- second examines photodiode；13- amplifier；14- signal conditioning circuit； 15- microcontroller；16- host computer；17- high brightness LED driving circuit；18- fan drive circuit；The driving of the 19- sound Circuit；20- mini-fan；21- Yang Sheng device；22- scanning circuit；23- shell；24- shielding box；25- venthole；26- third connects Receive optical fiber；The 4th reception optical fiber of 27-.

Specific embodiment

It is noted that following detailed description is all illustrative, it is intended to provide further instruction to the disclosure.Unless another It indicates, all technical and scientific terms used herein has usual with disclosure person of an ordinary skill in the technical field The identical meanings of understanding.

It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe specific embodiment, and be not intended to restricted root According to the illustrative embodiments of the disclosure.As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise singular Also it is intended to include plural form, additionally, it should be understood that, when in the present specification using term "comprising" and/or " packet Include " when, indicate existing characteristics, step, operation, device, component and/or their combination.