阅读说明：本技术 用于暗场x射线成像的灵敏度优化患者定位系统 (Sensitivity optimization patient positioning system for dark field x-ray imaging ) 是由 T·克勒 A·亚罗申科 于 2018-02-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种基于光栅的暗场和/或相衬X射线成像。为了改进图像的质量,提供了一种用于基于光栅的暗场和/或相衬X射线成像的射线照相系统(10),所述基于光栅的暗场和/或相衬X射线成像用于通过辐照患者对患者进行成像。所述系统包括：源单元(12)、探测单元(14)以及具有患者邻接表面(18)的患者支撑单元(16)。源单元(12)和探测单元(14)沿光轴(13)布置,并且患者支撑单元(16)布置在其间。此外,沿着光轴(13)在源单元(12)与患者邻接表面(18)之间的邻接距离(d<Sub>A</Sub>)是能调整的。邻接距离(d<Sub>A</Sub>)和基于邻接距离(d<Sub>A</Sub>)的实际灵敏度被考虑用于成像,使得能够实现以患者特异性方式进行灵敏度与视场之间的权衡,例如最佳权衡。(The present invention relates to a kind of dark field based on grating and/or phase contrast x-ray imagings.In order to improve the quality of image, the X-ray camera system (10) of a kind of dark field for based on grating and/or phase contrast x-ray imaging is provided, the dark field and/or phase contrast x-ray imaging based on grating is for being imaged patient by patient exposure.The system comprises: source unit (12), probe unit (14) and with the patient support unit (16) of patient's abutment surface (18).Source unit (12) and probe unit (14) are arranged along optical axis (13), and patient support unit (16) is disposed there between.In addition, the adjacent distance (d along optical axis (13) between source unit (12) and patient's abutment surface (18) A ) it is that can adjust.Adjacent distance (d A ) and based on adjacent distance (d A ) sensibility in practice be considered for being imaged, make it possible to realize tradeoff between sensitivity and visual field, such as optimal tradeoff carried out with patient-specific manner.)

1. a kind of X-ray camera system (10) of dark field and/or phase contrast x-ray imaging for based on grating, described to be based on grating Dark field and/or phase contrast x-ray imaging for the patient to be imaged by patient exposure, the system comprises:

Source unit (12)；

Probe unit (14)；And

Patient support unit (16), with patient's abutment surface (18)；

Wherein, the source unit (12) and the probe unit (14) are arranged along optical axis (13), and the patient support list First (16) are disposed between the source unit and the probe unit；

Wherein, the adjoining distance along the optical axis (13) between the source unit (12) and patient's abutment surface (18) (d_A) can adjust；And

Wherein, the adjacent distance (d_A) and based on the adjacent distance (d_A) sensibility in practice be considered for being imaged so that It can be realized the tradeoff carried out between sensitivity and visual field with patient-specific manner.

2. X-ray camera system according to claim 1, wherein can be realized the sensitivity and view of patient-specific manner Optimal tradeoff between.

3. X-ray camera system according to claim 1 or 2,

Wherein, the source unit includes the first grating (G0) and the second grating (G1), and the probe unit includes third light Grid (G2)；And

Wherein, inverted geometry is utilized, the first grating described in the inverted geometry and second grating it Between distance be less than the distance between second grating and the third grating.

4. X-ray camera system according to claim 1,2 or 3, wherein along the optical axis (13) in the source unit (12) the adjacent distance (d between patient's abutment surface (18)_A) the movement patient support can be passed through (16) it adjusts.

5. according to claim 1 to X-ray camera system described in one in 4, wherein along the optical axis (13) described Adjacent distance (the d between source unit (12) and patient's abutment surface (18)_A) can adjust in a discrete pattern.

6. according to claim 1 to X-ray camera system described in one in 4, wherein along the optical axis (13) described Adjacent distance (the d between source unit (12) and patient's abutment surface (18)_A) can adjust in a continuous manner.

7. X-ray camera system according to one of the preceding claims, comprising:

Position sensing equipment (20)；And

Image generation unit (22)；

Wherein, the position sensing equipment (20) is configured to determine that the physical location of patient's abutment surface (18), and The physical location is fed in described image generation unit (22)；And

Wherein, described image generation unit (22) generates image using physical location.

8. X-ray camera system according to claim 7, wherein the position sensing equipment (20) includes being used to indicate view The indicating unit (24) of field (26).

9. X-ray camera system according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the position sensing equipment (20) is configured as really Adjacent distance (the d between the fixed source unit (12) and patient's abutment surface (18)_A)；And

Wherein it is preferred to which the position sensing equipment (20) includes stereoscopic camera, wherein the stereoscopic camera is configured as really Adjacent distance (the d between the fixed source unit (12) and patient's abutment surface (18)_A)。

10. according to claim 1 to X-ray camera system described in one in 6, wherein the system (10) is configured as: The geometry of the determination patient to be irradiated, and the visual field (26) are determined based on the geometry, and base The adjacent distance between the source unit (12) and patient's abutment surface (18) is determined in the visual field (26) (d_A)。

11. X-ray camera system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the system supports that at least two adopt Integrated mode, a kind of acquisition mode has big visual field and low dark field sensitivity, and a kind of acquisition mode has small field of view and height dark Field sensitivity.

12. a kind of for by using capturing dark field to X-ray camera system described in one in 11 according to claim 1 And/or the method (100) of phase contrast radioscopic image, it the described method comprises the following steps:

A) adjacent distance (d of the adjustment (102) along optical axis between patient's abutment surface and the source unit_A)；

B) (104) described patient's abutment surface is temporarily fixed；

C) (106) are irradiated to the patient to be irradiated；And

D) (108) dark field and/or phase contrast radioscopic image are captured.

13. according to the method for claim 12, wherein for step a), provide following operation:

A1 the patient that) will be irradiated positions (110) between source unit and patient's abutment surface；

A2 it) determines the physical location between (112) described source unit and the patient to be irradiated, feels emerging until visual field corresponds to Interesting region, wherein target range (d_T) for adjusting the adjacent distance；And

A3) physical location feeding (114) between the source unit and the patient to be irradiated to image is generated single Member, wherein described image generation unit is suitable for considering based on described between the source unit and the patient to be irradiated Image is generated in the case where the practical susceptibility of physical location.

14. a kind of for controlling according to claim 1 to the computer program element of device described in one in 11, the meter Calculation machine program unit is adapted for carrying out method described in one according to claim 1 in 2 to 13 when being run as processing unit Step.

15. a kind of computer-readable medium for being stored with program unit according to claim 14.

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of dark field for based on grating and/or the X-ray camera systems of phase contrast x-ray imaging, and A method of for capturing dark field and/or phase contrast radioscopic image.

Background technique

Standard X-ray imaging technique depends on the X-ray beam due to the decaying of object when passing through the object to be irradiated Intensity reduction, can be measured with the help of X-ray detector.By using interferometry, such as pass through Using the Talbot-Lau type interferometer having in beam there are three grating, two additional physical effect generations can be used for into The comparison of picture.Phase contrast x-ray imaging uses the letter of the variation of the phase of the refraction about the X-ray beam due to passing through object Breath, to generate image data.Dark field compares x-ray imaging and uses the information in relation to small angle scattering.Dark field and/or phase contrast X Radial imaging can use inverted geometry to carry out.It has however been shown that the sensitivity in system and the visual field realized Between exist tradeoff.

Summary of the invention

The figure for utilizing the X-ray camera system capture for the dark field X-ray phase contrast based on grating can be needed to improve The quality of picture.

Solves the purpose of the present invention by subject matter of the independent claims, wherein other embodiment is incorporated in subordinate In claim.It is penetrated it should be noted that being also applied for dark field and/or the phase contrast X based on grating in terms of the following description of the present invention The X-ray camera system of line imaging, and the method for capturing dark field and/or phase contrast radioscopic image.

According to the present invention, the radiography system of a kind of dark field for based on grating and/or phase contrast x-ray imaging is provided System.X-ray camera system for dark field and/or phase contrast x-ray imaging based on grating include: source unit, probe unit and Patient support with patient's abutment surface.Source unit and probe unit are arranged along optical axis, and patient support is arranged in Therebetween.It is that can adjust along adjoining distance of the optical axis between source unit and patient's abutment surface.The adjoining and is based on distance The sensibility in practice of the adjoining distance is considered for being imaged, and makes it possible to realize with patient-specific manner's progress sensitivity Tradeoff between visual field.

As effect, the high sensitivity to the small angle scattering in the object to be irradiated (i.e. patient) is avoided, because suffering from Person can be positioned in a manner of adjustment.Positioning closer to radiation source unit increases magnifying power, and therefore reduces visual field. High sensitivity is provided, because it generates better comparison-noise ratio, this typically facilitates diagnosis.Therefore, image matter is improved Amount.

In another example, the radiography of a kind of dark field for based on grating and/or phase contrast x-ray imaging is provided System.X-ray camera system for dark field and/or phase contrast x-ray imaging based on grating include: source unit, probe unit with And the patient support with patient's abutment surface.Source unit and probe unit are arranged along optical axis, and patient support arranges Therebetween.It is that can adjust along adjoining distance of the optical axis between source unit and patient's abutment surface.

The distance between source unit and patient's abutment surface are referred to as adjacent distance d_A。

Dark field and/or phase contrast x-ray imaging technology based on grating need for three gratings to be inserted into beam, or work as At least two gratings are inserted into beam by light source when providing coherent X-ray.

In example, source unit includes the first grating G0 and the second grating G1 for being provided at the first grating downstream, and Probe unit includes third grating G2.Peak response reaches when patient is positioned in G1, and linearly decreases at G2 0。

The mobility of patient support unit is related to the repositioning of patient support unit.Repositioning is referred to as moving Position.

According to example, source unit includes the first grating G0 and the second grating G1, and probe unit includes third grating G2； X-ray camera system for dark field and/or phase contrast x-ray imaging based on grating utilizes inverted geometry, wherein first The distance between grating G0 and the second grating G1 are less than the distance between the second grating G1 and third grating G2.

Term inverted geometry is related to a kind of configuration, wherein the distance between G0 and G1 be less than between G1 and G2 away from From, and object (i.e. patient) is placed between second and third grating.

According to example, the X-ray camera system for dark field and/or phase contrast x-ray imaging based on grating utilizes symmetrical several What structure, wherein G0 and the distance between G1 are equal with the distance between G2 with G1.

X-ray camera system benefit in another alternative option, for dark field and/or phase contrast x-ray imaging based on grating With so-called direct geometry, wherein the distance between G0 and G1 are greater than the distance between G1 and G2.For example, patient is put It sets between first and second grating.

In example, along adjoining distance d of the optical axis between source unit and patient's abutment surface_AMoving source can be passed through Unit adjusts.

The contact surface of patient can have several discrete locations along optical axis, for example, greatly, neutralize small patient.

According to another example, the X-ray camera system for dark field and/or phase contrast x-ray imaging based on grating includes position Set detecting devices and image generation unit.Position sensing equipment is configured to determine that the physical location of patient's abutment surface, and will Physical location is fed in image generation unit；And image generation unit generates image using physical location.

The generation of the data of image generates image in the case where considering sensibility in practice.It in source unit and is visited along optical axis It surveys between unit and patient support is provided, so that realizing the best weights carried out between sensitivity and visual field with patient-specific manner Weighing apparatus.

According to example, the X-ray camera system for dark field and/or phase contrast x-ray imaging based on grating includes for referring to Show the indicating unit of visual field.

According to another example, position sensing equipment be configured to determine that the adjoining between source unit and patient's abutment surface away from From d_A。

According to example, position sensing equipment includes stereoscopic camera.The stereoscopic camera is configured to determine that source unit and suffers from Adjoining distance d between person's abutment surface_A。

It is recommended that most suitable (that is, maximum) sensitivity is calculated and be arranged using the basic fundamental, will still allow for To the entire object to be irradiated imaging.Stereoscopic camera be configured to determine that the size of patient and determine source and patient's abutment surface it Between appropriate adjacent distance d_A。

According to another example, the X-ray camera system for dark field and/or phase contrast x-ray imaging based on grating is configured For the geometry of the determination patient to be irradiated.System is additionally configured to determine visual field based on geometry, and is based on visual field Determine the distance between source unit and patient's abutment surface (that is, the object to be irradiated).Between source unit and patient's abutment surface Distance be referred to as patient's distance d_POr object distance d_O。

In example, stereoscopic camera is used together with lung plane in estimation to contact surface with the anatomical model of torso model Distance.

According to another example, which supports at least two acquisition modes, one kind having big visual field and low dark field sensitivity (bottom surface is close to detector), one kind having small field of view and high dark field sensitivity (surface further from detector).

According to the present invention, it additionally provides a kind of for being captured by using according to the X-ray camera system of one of previous cases The method of dark field and/or phase contrast radioscopic image.It the described method comprises the following steps:

A) adjoining distance d of the adjustment along optical axis between patient's abutment surface and source unit_A；

B) patient's abutment surface is temporarily fixed in first position；

C) patient to be irradiated；And

D) dark field and/or phase contrast radioscopic image are captured.

According to example, to the adjoining distance d along optical axis between patient's abutment surface and source unit_AAdjustment step a) Including following sub-step:

A1) patient that will be irradiated is located between source unit and patient's abutment surface；

A2) determine the physical location between source unit and patient's abutment surface, until visual field correspond to area-of-interest, In, target range d_TFor adjusting adjacent distance；

A3 the physical location between source unit and patient's abutment surface) is fed to image generation unit, wherein image is raw It is suitable at unit raw in the case where considering the practical susceptibility based on the physical location between source unit and the patient to be irradiated At image.

According to the present invention, a kind of computer program element is provided, for controlling for dark field and/or phase based on grating The X-ray camera system of x-ray imaging is served as a contrast, the computer program element is adapted for carrying out when being run by processing unit for catching Obtain the method and step of dark field and/or phase contrast radioscopic image.

The present invention relates to a kind of dark field for based on grating and/or phase contrast x-ray imagings along optical axis positioning patient's System and method.Patient is located immediately adjacent to source unit or probe unit.Indicating unit irradiates visual field with its light cone.In next step In rapid, mobile patient is corresponding with area-of-interest until visual field.The distance between source unit and patient d_TIt is considered to generate tool There is the image of the optimal tradeoff between the sensitivity and visual field of system.

These and other aspects of the invention will become apparent according to embodiment as described below, and will refer to down The embodiment of text description is set forth.

Detailed description of the invention

Exemplary embodiment of the invention is described below with reference to the following drawings:

Fig. 1 shows the schematic view of the X-ray camera system for dark field and/or phase contrast x-ray imaging based on grating Figure；

Fig. 2 shows the explanatory views for the patient being arranged in X-ray camera system in two different locations；

Fig. 3 shows the explanatory view of the visual field of area-of-interest；

Fig. 4 a, 4b and 4c show the sensitivity along optical axis and the distribution of visual field；And

Fig. 5 shows the example of the method for capturing dark field and/or phase contrast radioscopic image.

Specific embodiment

Fig. 1 shows the X-ray camera system 10 for dark field and/or phase contrast x-ray imaging based on grating.For base Include source unit 12, there is patient's abutment surface 18 in the dark field of grating and/or the X-ray camera system 10 of phase contrast x-ray imaging Probe unit 14.Source unit 12 and probe unit 14 are arranged along optical axis 13, and the patient with patient's abutment surface 18 Support unit 16 is disposed there between.Patient support unit is movably disposed to be temporarily fixed at least two not along optical axis 13 Same position.X-ray camera system 10 for dark field and/or phase contrast x-ray imaging based on grating can also include that position is visited Measurement equipment 20 and image generation unit 22.Position sensing equipment 20 is configured to determine that the physical location of patient's abutment surface 18, And physical location is fed in image generation unit 22, and image generation unit 22 generates image using physical location.

Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b show two different locations for the patient that patient proximate's abutment surface 18 is stood.In fig. 2 a, Compared with the visual field 26 in Fig. 2 b, the distance between patient and probe unit 14 are smaller, and therefore increase visual field 26.

According to example, along adjoining distance d of the optical axis 13 between source unit 12 and patient's abutment surface 18_ACan with from Scattered mode adjusts.

In example, along adjoining distance d of the optical axis 13 between source unit 12 and patient's abutment surface 18_AAlong optical axis 13 separate in several discrete locations, for example, greatly, neutralize small patient.

In example, discrete location includes the step of 1cm.In another example, discrete location includes the step of 1cm to 5cm.

According to another example, along adjoining distance d of the optical axis 13 between source unit 12 and patient's abutment surface 18_AIt can It adjusts in a continuous manner.

According to example, patient's abutment surface 18 for patient connects between minimum position and maximum position along optical axis 13 Continuous movement.

Fig. 3 shows the visual field 26 of the chest of patient.Visual field 26 is indicated via indicating unit 24.Indicating unit 24 can be matched It is set to barn door.Barn door instruction will be by the boundary in the region of x-ray irradiation.Using its cone of light, barn door irradiates visual field.

Term visual field is referred to as the region to be checked.

In example, indicating unit is focus layer positioning beam.

The region to be checked is referred to as interested region.

The sensitivity S of system and the visual field of image arrive the distance d of patient's abutment surface 18 according to source unit 12_AWith mutual Dependence.

Fig. 4 a is shown since grating G0 along the distribution of the sensitivity S of optical axis 13, wherein the sensitivity S of 0 (zero) is online The peak response at grating G1 is risen on the basis of property.From grating G1, sensitivity S is linearly reduced to 0 at grating G2.Root According to example, grating G0 and grating G1 combine in source unit 12.

Fig. 4 b shows the distribution of the sensitivity S along optical axis D.Sensitivity S source unit 12 radiation exit (for example, The X-ray window of pipe) there is its maximum value, and decline on the basis of linear at the grating G2 being arranged in probe unit 14 To 0.

Fig. 4 c shows the distribution of the visual field 26 along optical axis D.Minimum visual field 26 is close to source unit 12 and in linear base The maximum value close to probe unit 14 is risen on plinth.

In the example not being shown in further detail, system supports at least two acquisition modes, a kind of with big visual field and low dark Field sensitivity (bottom surface is close to detector), and a kind of there is small field of view and high dark field sensitivity (surface is further from detection Device).

Fig. 5 shows the method 100 for capturing dark field and/or phase contrast radioscopic image, comprising the following steps:

In the also referred to as first step 102 of step a), along optical axis adjustment between patient's abutment surface and source unit Adjoining distance d_A。

In the also referred to as second step 104 of step b), patient's abutment surface is temporarily fixed.

In the also referred to as third step 106 of step c), the patient to be irradiated.

In the also referred to as four steps 108 of step d), dark field and/or phase contrast radioscopic image are captured.

In option, this method for three sub-steps of step a) to extend:

In also referred to as step a1) the first sub-step 110 in, it is adjacent that the patient to be irradiated is located in source unit and patient Between surface.

In also referred to as step a2) the second sub-step 112 in, determine target between source unit and the object to be irradiated Distance d_T, until visual field corresponds to area-of-interest, wherein target range d_TFor adjusting distance.

In also referred to as step a3) third sub-step 114 in, the distance between source unit and object to be irradiated are fed to Image generation unit, wherein image generation unit be suitable for consider based on source unit between the object to be irradiated at a distance from Image is generated in the case where sensibility in practice S.

In example, positioning is in a discrete pattern or continuation mode carries out, wherein the tune of distance is executed via stereoscopic camera It is whole.

According to example, the distance between patient's abutment surface and source unit are adjusted, until visual field corresponds to area-of-interest.

Term " correspondence " is referred to as the maximum ratio of area-of-interest in visual field.

In another exemplary embodiment of the invention, a kind of computer program or a kind of computer program list are provided Member, it is characterised in that suitable for executing the method and step of the method according to one of embodiment of front in system appropriate.

Therefore, the computer program element can be stored on computer unit, and the computer unit can also be with It is the part of the embodiment of the present invention.The computing unit may be adapted to the step of executing process as described above or induce above retouch The execution of the step of method stated.In addition, its component that may be adapted to operation arrangement described above.The computing unit can Suitable for automatically operating and/or executing the order of user.Computer program can be loaded into the work storage of data processor In device.The data processor is it is possible thereby to be equipped as executing method of the invention.

The exemplary embodiment of the invention covers from the beginning using computer program of the invention and by means of more Newly existing program is changed into and uses both computer programs of program of the invention.

Further, the computer program element, which is capable of providing, realizes that the demonstration of method as described above is real Apply all required steps of the process of example.

Another exemplary embodiment according to the present invention, proposes a kind of computer-readable medium, such as CD-ROM, In, the computer-readable medium has the computer program element being stored on the computer-readable medium, the calculating Machine program unit is described by previous section.

Computer program can be stored/distributed on suitable medium, such as offer or conduct together with other hardware The optical storage medium or solid state medium that the part of other hardware provides, but computer program can also can divide otherwise Cloth, such as via internet or other wired or wireless telecommunication systems.

However, the computer program can also exist on the network of such as WWW and can be from such network It downloads in the working storage of data processor.Another exemplary embodiment according to the present invention provides a kind of for making Obtain the medium that computer program element can be used for downloading, wherein the computer program element is arranged to execute according to this hair Method described in one of embodiment described before bright.

It must be noted that the embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to different themes.Specifically, some embodiment reference sides The claim of method type is described, and the claim of other embodiments reference device type is described.However, ability Field technique personnel will recognize from the description of above and below, unless otherwise noted, in addition to belonging to a type of theme Except any combination of feature, it is related to any combination between the feature of different themes and is recognized as to be disclosed by this application.However, All features can be combined to provide the synergistic effect simply summed it up more than feature.

It is such to illustrate and describe although the present invention is illustrated and described in detail in the drawings and the preceding description Be considered as it is illustrative or exemplary and not restrictive.The present invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments.By research attached drawing, Specification and dependent claims, those skilled in the art is when practicing the claimed present invention it will be appreciated that and realization institute Other modifications of disclosed embodiment.

In the claims, word " comprising " does not exclude other units or steps, also, word "a" or "an" is not It excludes multiple.Single processor or other units can fulfil the function for some projects recorded in claims.Although It is mutually different to be recited in mutually different dependent certain measures, but this does not indicate that and these measures cannot be used to advantage Combination.Any appended drawing reference in claim is not necessarily to be construed as the limitation to range.