阅读说明：本技术 大跨桥梁长吊杆减振的四线摆式调谐质量阻尼器及设计方法 (The four string pendulum formula tuned mass dampers and design method of long span bridge beam length sunpender vibration damping ) 是由 安永辉 贡悦 王中正 欧进萍 于 2019-09-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种大跨桥梁长吊杆减振的四线摆式调谐质量阻尼器及设计方法,属于桥梁结构振动控制技术领域。在待控吊杆上安装该阻尼器,安装位置和数量通常是在吊杆中点安装一个,但不限于中点也不限个数,应根据减振效果的需求进行方案设计。该阻尼器包含支架及通过四根摆线悬挂在阻尼器支架四个悬臂下方的薄壁式环形阻尼器配重。阻尼器摆动反馈给吊杆一个与吊杆振动方向相反的控制力,阻尼器通过摆线与支架连接处的万向转动球铰或/和吊杆与配重间的空气阻尼器等耗散能量。该阻尼器对吊杆的位移和速度响应有显著的控制效果,且其结构形式简单、制作安装及维护成本低廉,对保障桥梁与行车安全、延长吊杆服役寿命等有积极意义。(The invention discloses a kind of four string pendulum formula tuned mass dampers of long span bridge beam length sunpender vibration damping and design methods, belong to bridge structure vibration control technology field.The damper is installed on sunpender to be controlled, installation site and quantity are usually to install one at sunpender midpoint, but be not limited to midpoint also unlimited number, should carry out conceptual design according to the demand of effectiveness in vibration suppression.The damper includes bracket and is suspended on the thin wall-type ring damper counterweight below four cantilevers of damper mount by four cycloids.Damper oscillatory feedback gives sunpender one control force opposite with sunpender direction of vibration, and damper passes through the dissipation energies such as the air damper between cycloid and the universal rotational flexural pivot or/and sunpender and counterweight of bracket junction.The damper has significant control effect to the displacement of sunpender and speed responsive, and its structure type is simple, fabrication and installation and maintenance cost are cheap, has positive effect to guarantee bridge and traffic safety, extension sunpender service life etc..)

1. a kind of four string pendulum formula tuned mass dampers of long span bridge beam length sunpender vibration damping, which is characterized in that described is used for bridge The four string pendulum formula tuned mass dampers of beam sunpender (1) vibration damping include damper mount (2), universal rotational ball strand (3), cycloid (4), thin wall-type ring damper counterweight (5)；Wherein, when being used for servicing bridges sunpender, damper mount (2) is identical by two Fission is spliced to form, and being formed intermediate is circular ring structure, the external cantilever in cross, bolt hole (6) is provided on cantilever, in its circle It is fixed in the installation site of bridge boom (1) on the inside of ring after addition anti-skid washer with bolt by bolt hole (6)；Thin wall-type Ring damper counterweight (5) is spliced by bolt (7) with bolt by two identical semi-circular shape fissions；It is whole after splicing Body includes four for suspending the cantilever of thin wall-type ring damper counterweight (5), damper mount (2) in midair；Universal rotational ball twists (3) The cantilever end on top and damper mount (2) is connected as one, and the upper end of its underpart and cycloid (4) is connected as one；It is universal Rotating ball twists (3) energy any direction rotation in four string pendulum formula tuned mass damper swing process, and swings in damper Damping is provided in journey, adjustable and between steel ball and flexural pivot wall the frictional force for providing damping is related；Damping can also lead to The mode for crossing the setting air damper between thin wall-type ring damper counterweight (5) and bridge boom (1) provides, according to vibration damping Demand designs the damping presentation mode of diversified forms and deposits to improve effectiveness in vibration suppression；The lower end of cycloid (4) and thin wall-type annular hinder Hingedly, with thin wall-type ring damper counterweight (5) relative rotation can occur Buddhist nun's device counterweight (5) for cycloid (4) during the swing； The size of thin wall-type ring damper counterweight (5) is designed determination according to the basic parameter of bridge boom to be controlled (1), guarantees Thin wall-type ring damper counterweight (5) is not collided during the swing with bridge boom (1)；Four string pendulum formula tuned mass dampers One at least is installed in bridge boom (1) midpoint, whether other positions are installed and installation number is hung according to bridge to be controlled The dynamic characteristics and its vibration damping demand of bar (1) determine.

2. a kind of design method of four string pendulum formula tuned mass dampers of long span bridge beam length sunpender vibration damping, which is characterized in that step It is rapid as follows:

Step 1, by field exploring or browse the basic parameter that design parameter obtains bridge boom (1) to be controlled: sunpender contains sheath Outer diameter, the sunpender natural frequency of vibration；

Step 2 determines the basic design parameters of four string pendulums formula tuned mass damper to be designed:

1) mass ratio of thin wall-type ring damper counterweight (5) and bridge boom (1) is 1%~5%, within this range mass ratio Bigger, effectiveness in vibration suppression is better, is determined according to the vibration damping demand of practical bridge boom (1) to be controlled；

2) it optimal frequency ratios and Optimal damping ratio: is obtained by the empirical equation of optimal frequency ratios and Optimal damping ratio；

3) damper designs fundamental frequency: the fundamental frequency of bridge boom (1) is multiplied by optimal frequency ratios；After damper designs fundamental frequency determines, meter Pendulum length is calculated to be obtained by period of single pendulum formula；Calculating pendulum length is cycloid (4) length and thin wall-type ring damper counterweight (5) height The sum of half；The height of thin wall-type ring damper counterweight (5) after determining quality influences its internal-and external diameter, and outer diameter is excessive to influence it Beauty, internal diameter is too small to be easily led to it and collides bridge boom (1) during exercise, so, cycloid (4) length and thin wall-type annular damper The ratio of device counterweight (5) height meet at the same time it is beautiful and do not collide two, sunpender require under the premise of taken between 0.5~5 compared with Small value, to obtain more preferably effectiveness in vibration suppression；So far, cycloid (4) length has been obtained with thin wall-type ring damper counterweight (5) height ；

4) thickness and internal diameter of thin wall-type ring damper counterweight (5): internal diameter is determined, first to guarantee that thin wall-type ring damper is matched Weight (5) does not collide with bridge boom (1), while avoiding the excessive influence bridge of internal diameter beautiful；Thin wall-type ring damper is matched After the internal diameter and height of weight (5) determine, the thickness of its annular thin wall is determined by the quality of thin wall-type ring damper counterweight (5) Degree；

Step 3, according to the size and cycloid (4) length of the thin wall-type ring damper counterweight (5) that step 2 obtains, processing four String pendulum formula tuned mass damper；

Step 4, by four string pendulum formula tuned mass dampers being processed into be mounted on one, laboratory it is vertical and and bridge On the identical bar of sunpender (1) outer diameter, and it is made to freely swing, measures its displacement signal, measure it using Free-Vibration decay Damping ratio, and damped by adjusting the frictional force in universal rotational flexural pivot (3) or by way of other dampings are arranged to adjust Than size, reach or close to Optimal damping ratio；

Four string pendulum formula tuned mass dampers are fastened on bridge boom to be controlled (1) by damper mount (2) by step 5 Installed position.

Technical field

The invention belongs to engineering structure vibration control technology field, the specially structure based on tuned mass damper is passive Control field, specific application are to realize the vibration control of large span suspension bridge or the long sunpender of arch bridge.

Background technique

In recent years, China's Loads of Long-span Bridges is constantly built.Bridge crosses over river, river, lake, sea, and weight is played in traffic network It acts on, is essential hinge in traffic network, offer convenience for people's trip.Loads of Long-span Bridges have expenditure of construction it is high, The features such as active time is long, and Service Environment is severe, design, construction and maintenance are not faced with huge technical problem all the time With challenge.Sunpender is as main Force transmission parts in suspension bridge and arch bridge, and with length length, flexibility is big, is chronically at high stress shape The characteristic of state is most fragile, one of is easiest to impaired component.Entire military service of the duty status of sunpender in suspension bridge and arch bridge It is particularly important in the process.Sunpender it is long-term it is of reciprocating vibration under be easy to cause fatigue damage, to reduce the military service of sunpender Service life.Under extreme weather, sunpender constitutes a threat to bridge structure and traffic safety it may also happen that substantially vibrate.Therefore, it needs Effective vibration reducing measure is taken to control sunpender vibration, extends sunpender service life.

The invention proposes a kind of four string pendulum formula tuned mass dampers of long span bridge beam length sunpender vibration damping, it is a kind of knot Structure passive control device, the spring rate tuned frequency between quality and mass and sunpender by changing suspention mass, benefit With universal rotational ball strand and air damper etc. come dissipation energy, to play the effect for inhibiting sunpender horizontal vibration to be controlled.Pendulum Formula tuned mass damper has many advantages, such as simple, at low cost, the easy design tuning of structure type.In practical projects, pendulum-type Tuned mass damper is chiefly used in the vibration control of high-rise structures, and the present invention is introduced into bridge structure and subtracts for sunpender Vibration.Four string pendulums formula tuned mass damper proposed by the present invention significantly inhibits the dynamic response of sunpender, can be to sunpender Positive control effect is played in vibration.

Summary of the invention

The present invention provides a kind of four string pendulum formula tuned mass dampers of long span bridge beam length sunpender vibration damping, damper dresses The horizontal power response that can reduce bridge boom under various incentive actions is set, the horizontal vibration of sunpender is inhibited.

Technical solution of the present invention:

A kind of four string pendulum formula tuned mass dampers of long span bridge beam length sunpender vibration damping, described subtracts for bridge boom 1 Four string pendulum formula tuned mass dampers of vibration include damper mount 2, universal rotational ball strand 3, cycloid 4, thin wall-type annular damper Device counterweight 5；Wherein, when being used for servicing bridges sunpender, damper mount 2 is spliced to form by two identical fissions, is formed intermediate It is in the cantilever of cross for circular ring structure, outside, is provided with bolt hole 6 on cantilever, leads to after anti-skid washer is added on the inside of its annulus Cross the installation site that bolt hole 6 is fixed in bridge boom 1 with bolt；Thin wall-type ring damper counterweight 5 is identical by two Semi-circular shape fission is spliced by bolt 7 with bolt；Entirety after splicing includes four for suspending thin wall-type annular in midair The cantilever of damper counterweight 5, damper mount 2；Universal rotational ball twists 3 tops and the cantilever end of damper mount 2 is connected as One, its underpart and the upper end of cycloid 4 are connected as one；Universal rotational ball twists 3 and swings in four string pendulum formula tuned mass dampers In the process can any direction rotation, and provide damping in damper swing process, the adjustable and and steel of damping be provided Frictional force between ball and flexural pivot wall is related；Damping can also be by between thin wall-type ring damper counterweight 5 and bridge boom 1 The mode that air damper is arranged provides, and according to vibration damping demand, designs the damping presentation mode of diversified forms and deposits to improve and subtract Vibration effect；The lower end of cycloid 4 and thin wall-type ring damper counterweight 5 are hinged, and cycloid 4 during the swing can be with thin wall-type ring Relative rotation occurs for shape damper counterweight 5；The size of thin wall-type ring damper counterweight 5 is according to the base of bridge boom 1 to be controlled This parameter is designed determination, guarantees that thin wall-type ring damper counterweight 5 is not collided during the swing with bridge boom 1；Four String pendulum formula tuned mass damper at least installs one in 1 midpoint of bridge boom, and whether other positions are installed and installed Quantity is determined according to the dynamic characteristics and its vibration damping demand of bridge boom 1 to be controlled.

A kind of design method of four string pendulum formula tuned mass dampers of long span bridge beam length sunpender vibration damping, steps are as follows:

Step 1, by field exploring or browse the basic parameter that design parameter obtains bridge boom 1 to be controlled: sunpender is containing shield The outer diameter of set, the sunpender natural frequency of vibration；

Step 2 determines the basic design parameters of four string pendulums formula tuned mass damper to be designed:

(1) mass ratio of thin wall-type ring damper counterweight 5 and bridge boom 1 is 1%~5%, within this range quality Than bigger, effectiveness in vibration suppression is better, is determined according to the vibration damping demand of practical bridge boom 1 to be controlled；

(2) it optimal frequency ratios and Optimal damping ratio: is obtained by the empirical equation of optimal frequency ratios and Optimal damping ratio；

(3) damper designs fundamental frequency: the fundamental frequency of bridge boom 1 is multiplied by optimal frequency ratios；After damper designs fundamental frequency determines, Pendulum length is calculated to be obtained by period of single pendulum formula；Calculate one that pendulum length is 5 height of 4 length of cycloid and thin wall-type ring damper counterweight The sum of half；The height of thin wall-type ring damper counterweight 5 after determining quality influences its internal-and external diameter, and outer diameter is excessive to influence its beauty It sees, internal diameter is too small to be easily led to it and collide bridge boom 1 during exercise, so, 4 length of cycloid and thin wall-type ring damper counterweight The ratio of 5 height meets beauty at the same time and takes lesser value between 0.5~5 under the premise of not colliding two, sunpender requirements, To obtain more preferably effectiveness in vibration suppression；So far, 4 length of cycloid has been obtained with 5 height of thin wall-type ring damper counterweight；

(4) thickness and internal diameter of thin wall-type ring damper counterweight 5: internal diameter is determined, first to guarantee thin wall-type annular damper Device counterweight 5 does not collide with bridge boom 1, while avoiding the excessive influence bridge of internal diameter beautiful；Thin wall-type ring damper is matched Weigh 5 internal diameter and height determine after, the thickness of its annular thin wall is determined by the quality of thin wall-type ring damper counterweight 5；

Step 3, according to 4 length of size and cycloid for the thin wall-type ring damper counterweight 5 that step 2 obtains, processing four String pendulum formula tuned mass damper；

Step 4, by four string pendulum formula tuned mass dampers being processed into be mounted on one, laboratory it is vertical and with On the identical bar of 1 outer diameter of bridge boom, and it is made to freely swing, measures its displacement signal, measured using Free-Vibration decay Its damping ratio, and damped by adjusting the frictional force in universal rotational flexural pivot 3 or by way of other dampings are arranged to adjust Than size, reach or close to Optimal damping ratio；

Four string pendulum formula tuned mass dampers are fastened on bridge boom 1 to be controlled by damper mount 2 by step 5 Installed position.

Beneficial effects of the present invention: four string pendulum formula tuned mass dampers, which are mounted on long span bridge beam length sunpender, effectively to be subtracted The dynamic respond and speed responsive of the small sunpender promote bridge road-ability and safety, while reducing the fatigue damage of sunpender Wound, and then effectively extend sunpender service life；The invention is simple, easy for installation, cheap with structure type, is easy to tune And the advantages that easy to maintain.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the four string pendulum formula tuned mass damper schematic diagram of Loads of Long-span Bridges sunpender of invention.

Fig. 2 is one of two fissions of damper mount schematic diagram.

Fig. 3 is universal rotational flexural pivot schematic diagram.

Fig. 4 is that whether there is or not positions when four string pendulum formula tuned mass dampers at certain sunpender midpoint under identical bandlimited white noise acoustically-driven Move time-history curves numerical simulation result；Sunpender neutral displacement time-history curves when Fig. 4 a is without four string pendulum formula tuned mass dampers Numerical simulation result；Fig. 4 b is sunpender neutral displacement time-history curves numerical simulation knot when having four string pendulum formula tuned mass dampers Fruit.

Fig. 5 is that whether there is or not speed when four string pendulum formula tuned mass dampers at certain sunpender midpoint under identical bandlimited white noise acoustically-driven Spend time-history curves numerical simulation result；Spot speed time-history curves in sunpender when Fig. 5 a is without four string pendulum formula tuned mass dampers Numerical simulation result；Fig. 5 b is spot speed time-history curves numerical simulation knot in sunpender when having four string pendulum formula tuned mass dampers Fruit.

In figure: Bridge 1 beam sunpender；2 damper mounts；3 universal rotational balls twist；4 cycloids；5 thin wall-type ring damper counterweights Mass block；6 bolts hole.

Specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with attached drawing and technical solution, a specific embodiment of the invention is further illustrated.

By taking a sunpender of certain suspension bridge as an example, to damper dimensional parameters design method and installation process of the invention into Row is described in detail, and illustrates that the present invention is used for the effect of sunpender vibration damping in conjunction with numerical simulation result.

Certain the suspension bridge sunpender chosen, effective calculating length 61.289m, sunpender quality are 1483.182Kg, are passed through The single order natural frequency of vibration that finite element modeling and analysis obtain the sunpender is 1.499Hz.The step of proposing according to the present invention is to four lines The size of pendulum-type tuned mass damper is designed, and the mass ratio of ring damper counterweight and sunpender to be controlled is set as 3%, matter Amount is 44.495Kg, and obtaining its optimal frequency ratios according to damper optimal frequency ratios and Optimal damping ratio empirical equation is 0.964, Optimal damping ratio is 0.086；Therefore, the frequency of pendulum damper is set as 1.445Hz；

If following formula 1 is four string pendulum formula tuned mass damper hunting frequency formula, formula 2 is the damping of four string pendulum formula tuning qualities The differential equation of device movement, solution formula 1 obtain the height 2a and cycloid length l of four string pendulum formula circular thin-wall damper counterweights₀:

Wherein f_pThe frequency Hz swung for four string pendulums；G is acceleration of gravity；A is thin wall-type ring damper counterweight height Half；l₀For cycloid length；θ,The respectively angular acceleration of the pivot angle of four string pendulums, the angular speed of pivot angle and pivot angle；ζ For the damping ratio of four string pendulum formula tuned mass dampers；ω is the circular frequency of four string pendulums；For connection damper position on sunpender Acceleration.Be computed, the parameter of the four string pendulums formula tuned mass damper is as follows: the height 2a of ring damper counterweight is 0.108m, walled thickness 0.045m, outer diameter 0.415m, cycloid length are 0.065m.

For the effectiveness in vibration suppression for examining the damper, the finite element model of sunpender to be controlled is initially set up, transient analysis is utilized Method obtains the dynamic response before and after the four string pendulum formula tuned mass damper of hanger erection, middle hanger midpoint peace respectively Displacement and speed power response results difference before and after dress damper are as shown in figs. 4 and 5.It can intuitively find out from figure, hang The displacement of bar midpoint is obviously reduced with speed responsive.

Table 1 be under identical bandlimited white noise acoustically-driven whether there is or not when four string pendulum formula tuned mass dampers sunpender midpoint it is dynamic The comparison of force-responsive, and table 1 the result is that multiple groups random white noise motivates the mean value of lower dynamic response, as it can be seen from table 1 In After the damper for installing invention in this example: reducing by 38.48% before the displacement peak value at sunpender midpoint relatively installation damper, displacement side 67.74% is reduced before difference relatively installation damper；Velocity peak values relatively installation damper before reduce by 21.81%, velocity variance compared with 43.28% is reduced before damper is installed.As can be seen that under identical bandlimited white noise acoustically-driven, four string pendulum formula tune of invention Humorous mass damper can substantially reduce the displacement and speed vibratory response of sunpender, have positive control effect to sunpender vibration.

Whether there is or not response comparisons in sunpender midpoint when four string pendulum formula tuned mass dampers for table 1.