阅读说明：本技术 一种带横流的平板气膜冷却流动及换热特性实验测试系统 (A kind of the film cooling flowing and Experimental Study of Heat Transfer Characteristics test macro of band crossing current ) 是由 张超 刘学斌 宋立明 于 2019-08-05 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种带横流的平板气膜冷却流动及换热特性实验测试系统,包括主流风洞本体和平板实验测试段等。主流风洞本体的气源依次连通风洞通道及平板实验测试段,平板实验测试段通过气膜孔板与冷气腔上下连通,平板实验测试段周围布置有温度采集系统及流场PIV测试系统。工作时,主流气源将主流空气送入平板实验测试段,冷气供给系统将带有示踪粒子的冷气工质送入冷气腔,经过气膜孔板流向测试壁面参与流动换热；激光器发射激光照射示踪粒子,双曝光CCD相机记录流场结构信息；关闭激光器,打开红外测试系统,红外热像仪记录测温壁面的温度分布信息。本发明对开展多孔型、多横流雷诺数和高横流密度比的横流平板气膜冷却实验机理研究具有重要意义。(Film cooling flowing and Experimental Study of Heat Transfer Characteristics test macro the invention discloses a kind of band crossing current, including mainstream wind tunnel noumenon and plate experiment test section etc..The gas source of mainstream wind tunnel noumenon is sequentially communicated wind-tunnel channel and plate experiment test section, and plate experiment test section is connected to by air film orifice plate with cold air cavity up and down, is disposed with temperature acquisition system and flow field PIV test macro around plate experiment test section.When work, primary air is sent into plate and tests test section by mainstream gas source, and the cold air working medium with trace particle is sent into cold air cavity by cool-air feed system, is flowed to test wall surface by air film orifice plate and is participated in fluid interchange；Laser emits laser irradiation trace particle, and double-exposure CCD camera records flow field structure information；Laser is closed, infrared test system is opened, thermal infrared imager records the temperature distribution information of thermometric wall surface.The present invention is of great significance to the crossing current film cooling experiment mechanism study for carrying out porous type, more crossing current Reynolds numbers and high crossing current density ratio.)

1. the film cooling flowing and Experimental Study of Heat Transfer Characteristics test macro of a kind of band crossing current, which is characterized in that including mainstream Wind tunnel noumenon, plate experiment test section (14), cool-air feed system, temperature acquisition system and flow field PIV test macro；Wherein,

The gas source of mainstream wind tunnel noumenon be air compressor (1), the entrance in the outlet wind-tunnel channel of air compressor (1), The entrance of outlet plate experiment test section (14) in wind-tunnel channel, plate test the big compression ring of outlet of test section (14) Border；

Cool-air feed system includes cold air cavity (23), and cold air cavity (23) is located at immediately below plate experiment test section (14), and cold air Chamber (23) is connected to plate experiment test section (14) by air film orifice plate (12) up and down；

Temperature acquisition system includes infrared test system, thermocouple (27) and Thermocouple Temperature Acquisition module (28)；Infrared test System include thermal infrared imager (29) and setting plate experiment test section (14) test wall surface (13) right above have it is infrared Window (30), thermal infrared imager (29) face infrared window (30) setting；Multiple thermocouples (27) are respectively arranged to be tested in plate In interior air film orifice plate (12) upstream of test section (14), cold air cavity (23) and test wall surface (13), the output end of thermocouple (27) connects It is connected to Thermocouple Temperature Acquisition module (28)；

Flow field PIV test macro includes aerosol producer (34), laser (31) and double-exposure CCD camera (32), laser (31) and double-exposure CCD camera (32) is arranged vertically within plate experiment test section (14) two sides；

When experiment carries out, primary air is sent into plate experiment test section (14) by air compressor (1) by wind-tunnel channel；Cigarette Trace particle is sent into the pipeline of cool-air feed system by fog generator (34), and cold air is sent to after being sufficiently mixed with trace particle Cold air cavity (23), and pass through air film orifice plate (12) flow direction test wall surface (13)；Laser (31) emits laser irradiation trace particle, Double-exposure CCD camera (32) will record flow field structure information；It closes laser (31), opens infrared test system, infrared thermal imagery Instrument (29) will record the temperature distribution information of thermometric wall surface (13).

2. the film cooling flowing and Experimental Study of Heat Transfer Characteristics test macro of a kind of band crossing current according to claim 1, It is characterized in that, mainstream wind tunnel noumenon includes the air compressor (1), vacuum tank (2), mainstream wind-tunnel pressure reducing valve being sequentially communicated (3), bringing-up section (4), expansion segment (5), pressure-stabilizing section (6), contraction section (9) and turbulent flow grid (10)；It is provided in bringing-up section (4) Electric heater；Dominant cellular cowling panel (7) and damping screen (8) are set gradually according to gas flow direction in pressure-stabilizing section (6)；Turbulent flow Grid (10) tests test section (14) interior air-flow turbulivity for changing plate.

3. the film cooling flowing and Experimental Study of Heat Transfer Characteristics test macro of a kind of band crossing current according to claim 2, It is characterized in that, being additionally provided with mainstream wind-tunnel pressure reducing valve (3) between vacuum tank (2) and bringing-up section (4).

4. the film cooling flowing and Experimental Study of Heat Transfer Characteristics test macro of a kind of band crossing current according to claim 1, It is characterized in that, being provided with pressure-turbulence measurement device (11) in plate experiment test section (14).

5. the film cooling flowing and Experimental Study of Heat Transfer Characteristics test macro of a kind of band crossing current according to claim 1, It is characterized in that, air film orifice plate (12) is detachable structure, the orifice plate of different shaped jet holes can be installed convenient for carrying out different air film holes The cooling heat transferring of type is tested.

6. the film cooling flowing and Experimental Study of Heat Transfer Characteristics test macro of a kind of band crossing current according to claim 1, It is characterized in that, cool-air feed system further includes gas cylinder (15), gas cylinder (15) is used to depressurize different densities gas by cold air Valve (16) is sent into cool-air feed system pipeline, and cold air pressure reducing valve (16) outlet connects preceding threeway (17) entrance, preceding threeway (17) Outlet is divided into two-way, and first outlet is sequentially connected the first ball valve (33) and aerosol producer (34), and second outlet is sequentially connected the Two ball valves (18) and gas cooling device (19)；Two branches are separately connected the two entrances of rear threeway (20), rear threeway (20) Outlet cold air cavity (23) entrance；Cold air honeycomb cowling panel (22) and pressure of compressed air measuring device are disposed in cold air cavity (23) (24)；Cold air cavity outlet is eventually leading to ambient air by third ball valve (26).

7. the film cooling flowing and Experimental Study of Heat Transfer Characteristics test macro of a kind of band crossing current according to claim 6, It is characterized in that, the first flowmeter (21) of rear threeway (20) outlet cool-air feed system is connected to cold air cavity (23) afterwards and enters Mouthful, second flowmeter (25) are additionally provided on the pipeline of cold air cavity outlet.

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of crossing current film cooling experimental systems, and in particular to a kind of plate air film of band crossing current is cold But flowing and Experimental Study of Heat Transfer Characteristics test macro.

Background technique

Gas turbine is a kind of elder generation and then complicated cooler power mechanized equipment, is that typical new and high technology intensity produces Product.Combustion gas initial temperature is an important factor for influencing gas turbine proficiency, and the raising of combustion gas initial temperature is for improving the efficiency of gas turbine It is of great significance.Currently, aero-engine turbine-inlet temperature has then been more than 1800 DEG C, the following grade using pure hydrogen as fuel The turbine import initial temperature of heavy duty gas turbine is also up to 1700 DEG C, this proposes the heat resistance of combustion engine hot-end component higher It is required that.

Currently used wall cooling technology, Thermal Barrier Coating Technologies and heat-resisting material technology have obtained abundant development.Make For important a member in wall cooling technology, gaseous film control plays the important and pivotal role.Gaseous film control is the most most For the effective type of cooling, it is widely used in the hot-end components such as combustion chamber, turbine blade, end wall.It is most both at home and abroad at present Gaseous film control correlative study is all made of the simplified way of static gas chamber gas supply, and intake method is crossing current in practical turbo blade Air inlet, therefore the heat transfer mechanism for probing under the conditions of crossing current gaseous film control is particularly important.Gas turbine blades internal flow True crossing current density ratio is about 2, and is shown according to published data, is existed for the experiment of crossing current research both at home and abroad at present It carries out under low-density ratio (1 or so) operating condition, is differed farther out with actual conditions；In addition, density ratio influences Film Cooling Significantly, the research that crossing current density ratio influences Film Cooling is particularly significant.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome disadvantage mentioned above, the film cooling flowing and heat transfer characteristic the present invention provides a kind of band crossing current are real Test test system, the system is by changing cooling air-flow temperature and realizing high crossing current density using the cooling working medium of different densities Than；Internal temperature acquisition system and flow field PIV test macro being capable of heat exchange details and Field Characteristics essence to air film hole downstream Really capture.The above summary of the invention is real to porous type, mostly crossing current Reynolds number, the crossing current film cooling of high crossing current density ratio is carried out Mechanism study is tested to be of great significance.

The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that realization:

A kind of the film cooling flowing and Experimental Study of Heat Transfer Characteristics test macro of band crossing current, including mainstream wind tunnel noumenon, Plate tests test section, cool-air feed system, temperature acquisition system and flow field PIV test macro；Wherein,

The gas source of mainstream wind tunnel noumenon is air compressor, the entrance in the outlet wind-tunnel channel of air compressor, wind The entrance of the outlet plate experiment test section in hole channel, plate test the outlet atmospheric environment of test section；

Cool-air feed system includes cold air cavity, and cold air cavity is located at immediately below plate experiment test section, and cold air cavity and plate It tests test section and is connected to up and down by air film orifice plate；

Temperature acquisition system includes infrared test system, thermocouple and Thermocouple Temperature Acquisition module；Infrared test system Including thermal infrared imager and be arranged in plate experiment test section test wall surface right above have infrared window, thermal infrared imager is just Infrared window is arranged；Multiple thermocouples are respectively arranged in air film orifice plate upstream, cold air cavity and test in plate experiment test section On wall surface, the output end of thermocouple is connected to Thermocouple Temperature Acquisition module；

Flow field PIV test macro includes aerosol producer, laser and double-exposure CCD camera, laser and double-exposure CCD Camera is arranged vertically within plate experiment test section two sides；

When experiment carries out, primary air is sent into plate by wind-tunnel channel and tested in test section by air compressor；Smog Trace particle is sent into the pipeline of cool-air feed system by generator, and cold air is sent to cold air after being sufficiently mixed with trace particle Chamber, and pass through air film orifice plate flow direction test wall surface；Laser emits laser irradiation trace particle, and double-exposure CCD camera will record Flow field structure information；Laser is closed, infrared test system is opened, thermal infrared imager believes the Temperature Distribution for recording thermometric wall surface Breath.

A further improvement of the present invention lies in that mainstream wind tunnel noumenon includes the air compressor, vacuum tank, master being sequentially communicated Flow wind-tunnel pressure reducing valve, bringing-up section, expansion segment, pressure-stabilizing section, contraction section and turbulent flow grid；Electric heater is provided in bringing-up section； Dominant cellular cowling panel and damping screen are set gradually according to gas flow direction in pressure-stabilizing section；Turbulent flow grid is for changing plate reality Test test section interior air-flow turbulivity.

A further improvement of the present invention lies in that being additionally provided with mainstream wind-tunnel pressure reducing valve between vacuum tank and bringing-up section.

A further improvement of the present invention lies in that being provided with pressure-turbulence measurement device in plate experiment test section.

A further improvement of the present invention lies in that air film orifice plate is detachable structure, the orifice plate of different shaped jet holes can be installed just In the cooling heat transferring experiment for carrying out different air film passes.

A further improvement of the present invention lies in that cool-air feed system further includes gas cylinder, gas cylinder is used for different densities gas It is sent into cool-air feed system pipeline by cold air pressure reducing valve, cold air decompression valve outlet connects first three and is passed through mouth, the outlet of preceding threeway It is divided into two-way, first outlet is sequentially connected the first ball valve and aerosol producer, and second outlet is sequentially connected the second ball valve and gas Cooling device；Two branches are separately connected the two entrances of rear threeway, rear threeway outlet cold air cavity entrance；Cloth in cold air cavity It is equipped with cold air honeycomb cowling panel and pressure of compressed air measuring device；Cold air cavity outlet is eventually leading to ambient air by third ball valve.

A further improvement of the present invention lies in that being connected to after the first flowmeter of rear threeway outlet cool-air feed system cold Air cavity entrance, cold air cavity outlet pipeline on be additionally provided with second flowmeter.

The invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

The film cooling flowing and Experimental Study of Heat Transfer Characteristics test macro of a kind of band crossing current provided by the invention, specific When operation, primary air is sent into vacuum tank by air compressor keeps bleed pressure to stablize, by adjusting the decompression of mainstream wind-tunnel Valve makes the gas flowed into mainstream wind-tunnel meet experimental temperature, pressure, traffic requirement and enters plate experiment test section.It is same with this When, the gas of different densities, different flow can be sent into cool-air feed system by valve by gas cylinder, and aerosol producer is by tracer grain Son is sent into cool-air feed pipeline, and cold air cavity is entered after being sufficiently mixed with cold air by air film orifice plate flow direction test wall surface；Laser Device emits laser irradiation trace particle, and double-exposure CCD camera will record flow field structure information；Laser is closed, infrared survey is opened Test system, thermal infrared imager will record the temperature distribution information of thermometric wall surface.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention；

Description of symbols:

1 is air compressor, and 2 be vacuum tank, and 3 be mainstream wind-tunnel pressure reducing valve, and 4 be bringing-up section, and 5 be expansion segment, and 6 be pressure stabilizing Section, 7 be dominant cellular cowling panel, and 8 be damping screen, and 9 be contraction section, and 10 be turbulent flow grid, and 11 be pressure-turbulence measurement dress It sets, 12 be air film orifice plate, and 13 be test wall surface, and 14 test test section for plate, and 15 be gas cylinder, and 16 be cold air pressure reducing valve, and 17 are Preceding threeway, 18 be the first ball valve, and 19 be gas cooling device, and 20 be rear threeway, and 21 be first flowmeter, and 22 is whole for cold air honeycomb Flowing plate, 23 be cold air cavity, and 24 be pressure of compressed air measuring device, and 25 be second flowmeter, and 26 be third ball valve, and 27 be thermocouple, 28 be Thermocouple Temperature Acquisition module, and 29 be thermal infrared imager, and 30 be infrared window, and 31 be laser, and 32 be double-exposure CCD phase Machine, 33 be the second ball valve, and 34 be aerosol producer.

Specific embodiment

The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing:

With reference to Fig. 1, a kind of film cooling flowing of band crossing current provided by the invention and Experimental Study of Heat Transfer Characteristics test system System, including mainstream wind tunnel noumenon, plate experiment test section 14, cool-air feed system, temperature acquisition system and flow field PIV test system System；Wherein, the gas source of mainstream wind tunnel noumenon be air compressor 1, the entrance in the outlet wind-tunnel channel of air compressor 1, The entrance of the outlet plate experiment test section 14 in wind-tunnel channel, plate test the outlet atmospheric environment of test section 14. Air film orifice plate 12 and test wall surface 13 are mounted in plate experiment test section.Cool-air feed system includes cold air cavity 23, cold air cavity 23 are located at immediately below plate experiment test section 14, and cold air cavity 23 is connected with plate experiment test section 14 by about 12 air film orifice plate It is logical.Temperature acquisition system includes infrared test system, thermocouple 27 and Thermocouple Temperature Acquisition module 28.Infrared test system packet Including thermal infrared imager 29 and being arranged in right above the test wall surface 13 of plate experiment test section 14 has infrared window 30, infrared heat As 29 face infrared window 30 of instrument is arranged；Multiple thermocouples 27 are respectively arranged tests in test section 14 on air film orifice plate 12 in plate On trip, cold air cavity 23 and test wall surface 13, the output end of thermocouple 27 is connected to Thermocouple Temperature Acquisition module 28.Flow field PIV Test macro includes aerosol producer 34, laser 31 and double-exposure CCD camera 32, laser 31 and double-exposure CCD camera 32 It is arranged vertically within plate experiment 14 two sides of test section.When experiment carries out, air compressor 1 send primary air by wind-tunnel channel Enter in plate experiment test section 14；Trace particle is sent into cool-air feed pipeline by aerosol producer 34, cold air and trace particle Cold air cavity 23 is sent to after being sufficiently mixed and by the flow direction test wall surface 13 of air film orifice plate 12；Laser 31 emits laser irradiation and shows Track particle, double-exposure CCD camera 32 will record flow field structure information；Laser 31 is closed, infrared test system, infrared heat are opened As instrument 29 will record the temperature distribution information of thermometric wall surface 13.

The mainstream wind tunnel noumenon include the air compressor 1 being sequentially communicated, vacuum tank 2, mainstream wind-tunnel pressure reducing valve 3, Bringing-up section 4, expansion segment 5, pressure-stabilizing section 6, contraction section 9 and turbulent flow grid 10.Wherein, the air that air compressor 1 flows out enters Keep pressure to stablize in vacuum tank 2, meet after mainstream wind-tunnel pressurizing valve 3 experimental pressure, traffic requirement mainstream gas into Enter heating in bringing-up section 4.Stretched section 5 of high temperature primary air enters in pressure-stabilizing section 6, and mainstream speed reduces and passes sequentially through mainstream Honeycomb cowling panel 7 and damping screen 8 reduce turbulivity.Flow velocity increases after mainstream enters contraction section 9, increases rapids by turbulent flow grid 10 Mobility is to meet the requirement in plate experiment test section 14 to gas turbulence degree.

Pressure-turbulence measurement device 11 is provided in the plate experiment test section 14.Air film orifice plate 12 is removable Design is unloaded, the orifice plate of different shaped jet holes can be installed convenient for carrying out the cooling heat transferring experiment of different air film passes.

The cool-air feed system further includes gas cylinder 15, and gas cylinder 15 can depressurize different densities gas working medium by cold air Valve 16 is sent into cool-air feed system pipeline, and cold air pressure reducing valve 16 can adjust flow according to the Reynolds number needed for experiment.Subtract from cold air Pressure valve 16 flows to the first ball valve 33 and aerosol producer 34 by preceding 17 first outlet of threeway all the way after flowing out；Before another way passes through 17 second outlet of threeway flows to the second ball valve 18 and gas cooling device 19.Through overcooled gas working medium and have trace particle Air-flow be sufficiently mixed in the duct after by first flowmeter 21 enter cold air cavity 23.Cooling gas work with trace particle Matter turbulivity after cold air honeycomb cowling panel 22 reduces, and a part enters plate experiment test section 14 by air film orifice plate 12 and joins It exchanges heat with Film Cooling Flow Inside Linear, another part is exported from cold air cavity 23 to flow out, and passes through second flowmeter 25 and third ball valve respectively 26 and eventually enter into atmospheric environment.It is provided with device for pressure measurement 24 in cold air cavity 23, third ball valve 26 can will be in cold air cavity 23 Power pressure maintain certain value, convenient for the measurement of pressure.

The pressure measurement in pressure-turbulence measurement device 11 and cold air cavity 23 in the plate experiment test section 14 Device 24 is all made of measurement of the pressure transmitter realization to gas pressure；Pressure-turbulence measurement device 11 is using two-dimentional constant temperature Hot wire anemometer (CTA) measures turbulivity；Nitrogen, carbon dioxide and lithium are respectively provided in cool-air feed system in gas cylinder 15 Sulphur gas is to adjust different crossing current density ratios needed for experiment.

Expansion segment 5, pressure-stabilizing section 6 and the contraction section 9 is all made of high temperature alloy and is made, and vias inner walls have sprayed heat-insulated painting Layer, cool-air feed system pipeline outer surface coat asbestos；Plate experiment test section 14 is made of organic glass；Temperature test system Infrared window 30 in system uses calcirm-fluoride (CaF) material window；Dominant cellular cowling panel 7 and cold air honeycomb cowling panel 22 are adopted With aluminum honeycomb cowling panel；Damping screen 8 uses 304 steel meshes of 200 mesh.

Specific operation process of the invention are as follows:

Installation needs air film orifice plate 12 to be tested in plate experiment test section 14, opens the thermocouple of connection thermocouple 27 Temperature collecting module 28 records the temperature value on 12 upstream of air film orifice plate, cold air cavity 23 and test wall surface 13 in real time.Open air Air is sent into vacuum tank 2 and maintains pressure constant by compressor 1, adjusts the heater in mainstream wind-tunnel pressure reducing valve 3 and bringing-up section 4, By meet experimental temperature, flow, pressure requirements primary air be sent into plate experiment test section 14, realize mainstream environment simultaneously maintain Stablize.Gas working medium ratio in gas tank 15 is adjusted, cold air pressure reducing valve 16 is opened by the gas working medium of certain pressure and is sent into cold air confession To system.The first ball valve 33 is opened and adjusted respectively and the adjusting of the second ball valve 18 flows through aerosol producer 34 and gas cooling device 19 gas working medium makes it meet requirement of the experiment to Reynolds number.Third ball valve 26 is adjusted by the power pressure in cold air cavity 23 Certain value is maintained, convenient for the measurement of pressure；Air film is flowed through by the calculating of the difference in flow of first flowmeter 21 and second flowmeter 25 The gas flow of orifice plate 12.Open the trace particle in the transmitting illuminated with laser light plate experiment test section 14 of laser 31, double-exposure CCD camera continuously takes pictures to the motor behavior of trace particle, obtains clearly particle field picture, by image reconstruction and mutually Related algorithm obtains air film hole downstream flow field structure information；Laser 31 is closed, infrared test system, thermal infrared imager 29 are opened The temperature distribution information of thermometric wall surface will be recorded.