阅读说明：本技术 一种热管冷却混合燃料反应堆系统 (A kind of cooling fuel combination reactor system of heat pipe ) 是由 夏庚磊 彭敏俊 张元东 杜雪 王航 成守宇 于 2019-09-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种热管冷却混合燃料反应堆系统,包括堆芯活性区、储液罐、控制鼓、反射层和堆芯筒体；其中堆芯活性区由多个六边形燃料组件构成,多根热管均匀分布在燃料组件内部；所述反射层位于所述堆芯活性区外围,多个对称布置的控制鼓设置在所述反射层内部；储液罐设置于堆芯活性区下方。所述堆芯活性区、储液罐、控制鼓、反射层都设置于堆芯筒体内部。本发明的反应堆堆芯兼顾了固态堆芯与液态堆芯的优点,在事故条件下可以通过液体燃料的排放改变堆芯临界体积,实现反应堆的紧急停堆,提高反应堆的固有安全性。(The invention discloses a kind of cooling fuel combination reactor systems of heat pipe, including reactor core active region, fluid reservoir, control drum, reflecting layer and reactor core cylinder；Wherein reactor core active region is made of multiple hexagon fuel assemblies, and more heat pipes are evenly distributed on inside fuel assembly；The reflecting layer is located at the reactor core active region periphery, and multiple control drums being arranged symmetrically are arranged inside the reflecting layer；Fluid reservoir is set to below reactor core active region.The reactor core active region, fluid reservoir, control drum, reflecting layer are all set to reactor core inner barrel.Reactor core of the invention has taken into account the advantages of solid-state reactor core and liquid reactor core, can change reactor core critical size by the discharge of liquid fuel under emergency conditions, realize the emergency shut-down of reactor, improve the inherent safety of reactor.)

1. a kind of cooling fuel combination reactor system of heat pipe, which is characterized in that including reactor core active region (2), fluid reservoir (3), Control drum (4), reflecting layer (5) and reactor core cylinder (6)；Wherein reactor core active region (2) are made of multiple hexagon fuel assemblies, more Root heat pipe (1) is evenly distributed on inside fuel assembly；The reflecting layer (5) is located at reactor core active region (2) periphery, multiple right Claim control drum (4) setting of arrangement internal in the reflecting layer (5)；

The fluid reservoir (3) is set to below reactor core active region (2)；

Fuel assembly is divided into solid fuel component (7) and liquid fuel component (8)；The overall dimensions of two kinds of fuel assemblies are identical, It is all six prismatics structure；

The solid fuel component (7) includes fuel element (71), metallic matrix (72) and heat pipe (1)；

The liquid fuel component (8) includes fuel cassette (81), liquid fuel (82) and heat pipe (1) system；

The liquid fuel component (8) and the solid fuel component (7) arranged for interval；

The fluid reservoir (3) is particularly located at below the liquid fuel component (8), melts partition (9) by heat and the liquid fires Expect component (8) assembly connection；

The control drum (4) is made of reflector (41) and absorber (42), is divided into level-one and is controlled drum (43) and Two-stage control drum (44), wherein level-one controls drum (43) for realizing reactor start-up and shut-down control, Two-stage control drum (44) for realizing reactor just Reactivity control in normal operational process；

The reactor core active region (2), fluid reservoir (3), control drum (4), reflecting layer (5) are all set to reactor core cylinder (6) inside.

2. the cooling fuel combination reactor system of a kind of heat pipe as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that be additionally provided with hot friendship Parallel operation (10), the heat exchanger (10) are located above the reactor core active region (2), and energy conversion system is set in heat exchanger (10) It unites working medium, by the heat pipe (1) by reactor fission heat transfer to energy conversion system working medium.

3. the cooling fuel combination reactor system of a kind of heat pipe as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the solid Fuel assembly (7) is using internal filling UO₂The cluster-type fuel element (71) of particle；The material of the metallic matrix (10) is not Become rusty steel 316L.

4. the cooling fuel combination reactor system of a kind of heat pipe as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the liquid fuel It (82) is LiF-BeF₂-ThF₄-UF₄Molten salt fuel.

5. the cooling fuel combination reactor system of a kind of heat pipe as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the control drum (4) reflector material uses BeO, and absorbent material uses B₄C。

6. the cooling fuel combination reactor system of a kind of heat pipe as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the control drum (4) driving mechanism (11) are connected.

7. the cooling fuel combination reactor system of a kind of heat pipe as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the reflecting layer (5) material uses BeO；The material of the reactor core cylinder (6) uses steel.

Technical field

The invention belongs to nuclear reactor field of engineering technology, and in particular to one kind can effectively avoid reactor core meltdown accident Heat pipe cools down Solid-liquid Mixed Fuel reactor system.

Background technique

The mankind always search for can be with the new energy of substitute fossil fuels, and in numerous new energy, and nuclear energy is considered as The new energy of more with prospects than wind energy, solar energy.It is big with power, the service life is long, and cleaning, stable etc. can not be substituted excellent Gesture.The result of reactor kernel fission reaction is usually to generate two fission fragments or smaller atomic nucleus, two or more The high-energy neutron and significant heat fast moved.New fission reaction, shape can be caused by the new neutron that fission reaction generates At lasting chain reaction of nuclear fission.According to the type of cooling of reactor core reactor can be divided into presurized water reactor, boiling-water reactor, air cooled reactor and A variety of heap-type such as metal cooled reactor.With the development of hot pipe technique, heat pipe cooled reactor is because of its preferable Core cooling Efficiency and safety gradually obtain the attention of people.

Current nuclear reactor is broadly divided into solid fuel and liquid fuel two major classes, wherein solid fuel reactor structure Stablize compact, but heat exchange efficiency is low, and safety is poor.Using the salt-mixture of molten state as the reactor heat exchange efficiency of liquid fuel High, high safety and there is good neutron economy, however in some special occasions, when energizing platform such as deep-sea, It the special alien influence condition such as waves present in marine environment and may cause relatively large radius liquid reactor core and volume fluctuation occur, deposit In the risk that reactor core is surprisingly closed down.

Based on this, study and develop design it is a kind of based on heat pipe it is cooling can be special in conjunction with solid fuel and liquid fuel Point can be improved the reactor system of reactor inherent safety.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve the problems of prior art, the present invention provides one kind can effectively ensure that Core cooling, and It is able to achieve the cooling fuel combination reactor system of heat pipe of reactor emergency shut-down.

This invention takes following technical solutions:

A kind of cooling fuel combination reactor system of heat pipe, including reactor core active region 2, fluid reservoir 3, control drum 4,5 and of reflecting layer Reactor core cylinder 6；Wherein reactor core active region 2 is made of multiple hexagon fuel assemblies, and more heat pipes 1 are evenly distributed on fuel assembly It is internal；The reflecting layer 5 is located at 2 periphery of reactor core active region, and multiple control drums 4 being arranged symmetrically are arranged in the reflecting layer Inside 5；

The fluid reservoir 3 is set to 2 lower section of reactor core active region.

Fuel assembly is divided into solid fuel component 7 and liquid fuel component 8；The overall dimensions of two kinds of fuel assemblies are identical, It is all six prismatics structure；

The solid fuel component 7 includes fuel element 71, metallic matrix 72 and heat pipe 1；

The liquid fuel component 8 includes fuel cassette 81, liquid fuel 82 and heat pipe 1；

The liquid fuel component 8 and 7 arranged for interval of solid fuel component；

The fluid reservoir 3 is particularly located at 8 lower section of liquid fuel component, melts partition 9 and the liquid fuel component 8 by heat Assembly connection；

The control drum 4 is made of reflector and absorber, is divided into level-one control drum 43 and Two-stage control drum 44, wherein level-one control Drum 43 processed is for realizing reactor start-up and shut-down control, and Two-stage control drum 44 is for realizing the reactivity during normal reactor operation Control.

The reactor core active region 2, fluid reservoir 3, control drum 4, reflecting layer 5 are all set to inside reactor core cylinder 6.

Further, it is additionally provided with heat exchanger 10, the heat exchanger 10 is located at 2 top of reactor core active region, heat Energy conversion system working medium is set in exchanger 10, by the heat pipe 1 by reactor fission heat transfer to energy conversion system Working medium.

Further, the solid fuel component 7 is using internal filling UO₂The cluster-type fuel element of particle；It is described The material of metallic matrix 72 is Stainless steel 316 L.

Further, the liquid fuel 82 is LiF-BeF₂-ThF₄-UF₄Molten salt fuel.

Further, the reflector material of the control drum 4 uses BeO, and absorbent material uses B₄C。

Further, the control drum 4 connects driving mechanism 11.

Further, the material in the reflecting layer 5 uses BeO；The material of the reactor core cylinder 6 uses steel.

It can be seen via above technical scheme that the invention discloses a kind of cooling fuel combination reactor system of heat pipe, tool It has the advantages that:

1, the technical program utilizes the cooling of Heat Pipes reactor fuel assemblies, takes full advantage of high-temperature heat pipe heat exchange efficiency No matter high, safe and reliable characteristic can realize the cooling of reactor core under normal running (operation) conditions and accident condition.

2, the reactor core of the technical program is made of two kinds of components of liquid fuel and solid fuel, is on the one hand avoided The influence of the external environments such as ocean condition, on the other hand takes full advantage of the advantage of liquid fuel component, can be under emergency conditions Change reactor core critical size by the discharge of liquid fuel, realizes the emergency shut-down of reactor, improve the inherently safe of reactor Property.

Detailed description of the invention

In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this The embodiment of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also basis The attached drawing of offer obtains other attached drawings.

Fig. 1 is reactor core vertical section schematic diagram of the invention；

Fig. 2 is reactor core cross-sectional view of the invention.

1, heat pipe, 2, active region, 3, fluid reservoir, 4, control drum, 5, reflecting layer, 6, reactor core cylinder, 7, solid fuel component, 71, fuel element, 72, metallic matrix, 8, liquid fuel component, 81, fuel cassette, 82, liquid fuel, 9, heat melt partition, 10, heat Exchanger, 11, driving mechanism.

Specific embodiment

Following further describes the present invention with reference to the drawings.

A kind of cooling fuel combination reactor system of heat pipe, as illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, which includes reactor core activity Area 2, fluid reservoir 3, control drum 4, reflecting layer 5 and reactor core cylinder 6；Wherein reactor core active region 2 is by multiple hexagon fuel assembly structures At more heat pipes 1 are evenly distributed on inside fuel assembly；Reflecting layer 5 is located at the periphery of reactor core active region 2, multiple to be arranged symmetrically Drum 4 is controlled to be arranged inside reflecting layer 5；Fluid reservoir 3 is set to 2 lower section of reactor core active region.

Reactor core active region 2 is made of 8 two kinds of fuel assemblies of solid fuel component 7 and liquid fuel component, two kinds of fuel stacks The size of part is identical, is all six prismatics structure；Solid fuel component 7 includes fuel element 71, metallic matrix 72 and heat pipe 1, Plurality of fuel element 71 and heat pipe 1 are inserted into metallic matrix 72 jointly, are led the heat release of fuel element 71 using heat pipe 1 Out；Liquid fuel component 8 includes fuel cassette 81, liquid fuel 82 and heat pipe 1, and wherein liquid fuel 82 injects in fuel cassette 81 Portion, heat pipe 1 are inserted into liquid fuel 82, the heat derives that liquid fuel 82 is discharged；Liquid fuel component 8 and solid fuel group 7 arranged for interval of part.

Reactor core active region 2 in the present embodiment uses 7 hexagon fuel assemblies, wherein including 4 solid fuel components 7,3 liquid fuel components 8.7 fuel assemblies collectively constitute this reactor core according to rounded projections arranged mode, wherein reactor core The fuel assembly of central area is solid fuel component 7,6 fuel assembly arranged for interval of surrounding.The liquid fuel group of small size Part 8 advantageously reduces the fluctuation of the fluid fueled reactor core volume under ocean condition, avoids reactor core appearance is surprisingly subcritical from causing to close down.

Fluid reservoir 3 is particularly located at 8 lower section of liquid fuel component, melts partition 9 by heat and is connected with liquid fuel component 8, main It is used to collect the fuel of the discharge of liquid fuel component 8；The lower part of each liquid fuel component 8 is both provided with fluid reservoir 3；Instead It answers under heap emergency conditions, when liquid fuel, which is increased to heat, melts the thawing threshold value of partition 9, heat melts the thawing of partition 9, liquid fuel group Liquid fuel in part 8 is emitted into corresponding fluid reservoir 3, separates solid fuel component 7 mutually with liquid fuel 8, instead It answers heap that cannot reach critical state, guarantees that reactor is closed down in time, accident is avoided to be further aggravated.

Control drum 4 be made of reflector and absorber, in the present embodiment, reactor core control drum 4 divide for level-one control drum 43 and Two-stage control drum 44, wherein level-one controls drum 43 for realizing reactor start-up and shut-down control, and Two-stage control drum 44 is for realizing reaction Reactivity control in heap normal course of operation.

Drum 43 and 6 Two-stage control drum 44 is controlled including 6 level-ones.By rotation control drum 4 angulation change reflection or Absorption area is reactive to control reactor core, and 8 section of absorber is the circular arc body that angle is 120；Wherein level-one controls drum 43 anti- It answers and is used in heap shutdown process, normal processes are not involved in the reactivity control of reactor core, and Two-stage control drum 44 is normal for reactor Reactivity control in operational process.

Reactor core active region 2, fluid reservoir 3, control drum 4, reflecting layer 5 are all set to inside reactor core cylinder 6.

It is additionally provided with heat exchanger 10, and heat exchanger 10 is located at 2 top of reactor core active region, reactor is split by heat pipe 1 Heating amount is transferred to energy conversion system working medium.In some embodiments, the secondary side energy conversion system can be using super Critical carbon dioxide Closed Brayton Power Cycle has the advantages such as compact-sized, energy conversion efficiency is high.

Solid fuel component 7 is using internal filling UO₂The cluster-type fuel element of particle；The material of metallic matrix 10 is not Become rusty steel 316L.

Liquid fuel 8 is LiF-BeF₂-ThF₄-UF₄Molten salt fuel.

The reflector material for controlling drum 4 uses BeO, and absorbent material uses B₄C。

Driving mechanism 15 is all connected on control drum 4.

The material in reflecting layer 5 uses BeO；The material of reactor core cylinder 6 uses steel.

The core concept of the above embodiments are only used to help understand this patent.It should be pointed out that for this technology For the those of ordinary skill in field, under the premise of not departing from this patent principle, several improvement can also be carried out to this patent And modification, these improvement and modification are also fallen into the protection scope of patent claims.