阅读说明：本技术 具有灭火装置的电池组以及机动车 (Battery pack and motor vehicle with extinguishing device ) 是由 A.佐利曼 B.沙尔 于 2019-05-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：用于机动车的电池组,其具有：包围电池组内部空间的电池组壁；布置在电池组内部空间中的灭火剂储存器,其中在灭火剂储存器中容纳灭火剂；和在电池组内部空间中与灭火剂分离地布置的至少一个电池组电池,灭火剂储存器具有用于挡住灭火剂的储存器壁,电池组如此构造,使得储存器壁在电池组电池的正常运行温度的情况下具有第一壁温度并且在电池组电池的极限运行温度的情况下具有第二壁温度。储存器壁构造用于在第一壁温度的情况下保持用于挡住灭火剂的密封性并且在第二壁温度的情况下通过热而受损坏,其中第二壁温度高于第一壁温度,借助电池组的电池组电池能够使储存器壁达到第二壁温度。此外,本发明涉及具有电动机和根据本发明的电池组的机动车。(For the battery pack of motor vehicle, the battery pack wall for surrounding internal battery pack space is included；The extinguishing agent storage device being arranged in internal battery pack space, wherein accommodating extinguishing chemical in extinguishing agent storage device；With at least one battery cell discretely arranged in internal battery pack space with extinguishing chemical, extinguishing agent storage device has the reservoir wall for blocking extinguishing chemical, battery pack so constructs, so that reservoir wall has the second wall temperature with the first wall temperature in the case where the normal operating temperature of battery cell and in the case where the limit running temperature of battery cell.Reservoir wall is configured to keep in the case where the first wall temperature for blocking the leakproofness of extinguishing chemical and being damaged in the case where the second wall temperature by heat, wherein the second wall temperature is higher than the first wall temperature, reservoir wall can be made to reach the second wall temperature by the battery cell of battery pack.In addition, the present invention relates to the motor vehicles with motor and battery pack according to the present invention.)

1. one kind is used for the battery pack (1) of motor vehicle (2), the battery pack includes the battery for surrounding internal battery pack space (3) Group wall (4)；The extinguishing agent storage device (5) being arranged in the internal battery pack space (3), wherein in the extinguishing agent storage device Middle receiving extinguishing chemical (6)；With discretely arranged in the internal battery pack space (3) with the extinguishing chemical (6) at least one A battery cell (7), wherein the extinguishing agent storage device (5) has the reservoir wall for blocking the extinguishing chemical (6) (8), and wherein, the battery pack (1) so construct so that the reservoir wall (8) the battery cell (7) just There is the first wall temperature and the limit running temperature of the battery cell (7) the case where in the case where normal running temperature There is down the second wall temperature,

It is characterized in that, the reservoir wall (8) is configured to, keep in the case where first wall temperature for blocking The leakproofness of the extinguishing chemical (6) and in the case where second wall temperature by heat be damaged, wherein described second Wall temperature is higher than first wall temperature, and wherein, can make by the battery cell (7) of the battery pack (1) The reservoir wall (8) reaches second wall temperature.

2. battery pack (1) according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the reservoir wall (8) has elastomer.

3. battery pack (1) according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that a part of the reservoir wall (8) passes through The battery pack wall (4) is constituted.

4. battery pack (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, which is characterized in that in the battery cell (7) Arrange retention device (9) between the extinguishing agent storage device (5), for by the extinguishing agent storage device (5) from the battery Group battery (7) stops.

5. battery pack (1) according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the retention device (9) is configured to perforated metal plate (10) or grid.

6. battery pack (1) according to claim 4 or 5, which is characterized in that the retention device (9) and the battery pack Battery (7) is especially thermally conductively coupled with the side away from the retention device (9) of the battery cell (7).

7. battery pack (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, which is characterized in that the retention device (9) is by cloth It sets on the upside (11) of the battery cell (7).

8. battery pack (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, which is characterized in that the extinguishing agent storage device (5) It is configured to superpressure container.

9. battery pack (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, which is characterized in that the battery pack (1), which has, to be used In the pressure sensor (12) for monitoring the internal pressure in the extinguishing agent storage device (5).

10. a kind of motor vehicle (2), the motor vehicle has motor (13) and battery pack (1), which is characterized in that the battery Group (1) is configured to battery pack according to any one of the preceding claims (1).

Technical field

There is integrated fire extinguishing dress for motor vehicle, especially electric vehicle or hybrid vehicle the present invention relates to a kind of The battery pack set.In addition, the present invention relates to a kind of motor vehicle with such battery pack, especially electric vehicle or mixing Power car.

Background technique

As the environmentally friendly and energy-efficient alternative solution for the conventional maneuver vehicle with internal combustion engine, especially full hybrid power Vehicle (Vollhybridfahrzeug) and electric vehicle are more and more important.Full hybrid vehicle and electric vehicle have at least One motor, at least one described motor are configured to driving motor vehicle, wherein full hybrid vehicle is in addition to motor Except additionally there is at least one internal combustion engine for driving motor vehicle.

In order to provide the electric energy for service meter, full hybrid vehicle and electric vehicle have rechargeable electricity Pond group.The effective distance of full hybrid vehicle depends, at least partially, on the memory capacity of battery pack.Electric vehicle it is effective Distance is proportional to the memory capacity of battery pack.Because motor vehicle only has the limited structure space for battery pack, institute It is merely capable of realizing by the power density or energy density of raising battery pack with the increase of the capacity of battery pack.

Li-ion batteries piles hereinafter referred to as Li-ion battery pack (Li-Ion-Batterien), the Li-ion batteries piles tool There is the especially small capacity of extra high power density and the possible charge cycle of relatively large number purpose or every charge cycle Loss.For this reason, in automobile manufacture, especially in the case where full hybrid vehicle and electric vehicle, Li ion Battery pack is universal extensively during this period.

The advantages of Li-ion battery pack of high energy density is also the major defect of Li-ion battery pack simultaneously, because high Energy density be substantially based on lithium height easily reactivity.Height based on lithium easily reactivity, Li-ion battery pack is especially in accident The high risk for environment is constituted under situation.Since Li-ion battery pack caused by accident by being plastically deformed, lithium example It may such as come out from Li-ion battery pack and be reacted in a manner of volatile with environment, especially with water.In addition, in Li Such plastic deformation in ion battery group may cause short circuit, thus may excessively heat to battery pack and finally make it Burning is even exploded.

It is as low as possible in order to which the risk of the damage of the Li-ion battery pack in motor vehicle to be kept as, by shell, motor-driven The vehicle structure and vehicle bottom protective device (Unterfahrschutz) of vehicle protect the battery pack mechanical to make from external With.Preferably, battery pack is installed on following position in a motor vehicle: at the location, the damage of battery pack in collision Bad risk is especially small.

Even so, in the case where considering the protective device of maximum possible, the burning of battery pack is also definitely not percentage It is hundred evitable.For this reason, some motor vehicles with Li-ion battery pack have for putting out a fire on the battery pack Extinguishing device.A kind of batteries management system is described in 9,490,507 B2 of US, the batteries management system, which is coupled to, to go out On fiery device.Here, by each battery cell of sensor monitoring battery pack.If detecting the part of battery cell Cooling medium is then guided by the cooling duct integrated in battery pack to associated batteries battery, thus may be used by excessively heating Cause the cooling of battery cell and can avoid or at least can control the thermal runaway of (eind mmbar) battery cell.US 9,704,384 B2 be related to it is a kind of for battery pack, guidance coolant cooling system, the cooling system have it is multiple cold But plate.In addition, cooling system has for targetedly infusing coolant in the case where cell damage (Zellhavarie) The syringe being mapped in battery pack.The expansion of coolant under pressure occurred herein leads to local cooling and therefore Lead to the control to the thermal runaway of battery cell.10 2,012 021 095 A1 of DE discloses another for battery pack Extinguishing device.The extinguishing device have for accommodate extinguishing chemical external storage, for monitoring cell damage sensing mechanism And guidance system, wherein the guidance system is used for, as to detecting the battery cell being damaged by sensing mechanism Response, extinguishing chemical is directed in battery pack.

10 2,012 214 262 A1 of DE describes a kind of high voltaic element in hybrid vehicle and electric vehicle The fire extinguishing scheme of group.The fire extinguishing system has extinguishing agent storage device (L schmittelreservoir), the extinguishing agent storage Device has specified fracture position (Sollbruchstelle), and the extinguishing agent storage device is arranged in battery pack case body.In addition, Fire extinguishing system has temperature sensor, control device and actuator.Temperature is gone beyond the limit of detecting by temperature sensor In the case of, actuator is manipulated by control device, to make extinguishing agent storage device split on specified fracture position and therefore Discharge extinguishing chemical.10 2,013 216 296 A1 of DE is related to a kind of comparable battery pack, wherein substitutes temperature sensor to make With the chemical sensor of the damage for monitoring cell group battery.

The known battery pack with extinguishing device has the disadvantages that the battery pack has extremely complex structure, And the sensing mechanism of consuming and the actuator for triggering fire extinguishing procedure of the damage for monitoring cell group battery are must It needs.Accordingly, it is known that the manufacturing cost of the battery pack with extinguishing device be extra high.In addition, especially intricately constructing Extinguishing device be highly susceptible to interference, so that there are relatively high remaining risks (Restrisiko): that is, not triggering or extremely Few delay ground triggering extinguishing device.Thus the safety in operation of motor vehicle is influenced.In addition, specified fracture position has following lack Point: despite be not present cell damage in the case where, specified fracture position unintentionally fail (versagen) and possibility because This release extinguishing chemical.The service life of battery pack may be thus impacted.

Summary of the invention

Therefore, the task of the present invention is eliminate or at least partly eliminate in battery pack and with battery pack The shortcomings that previous description in motor vehicle.In particular, the task of the present invention is realize a kind of battery pack and with the motor-driven of battery pack Vehicle, the battery pack and the motor vehicle with simple and inexpensive ways and means come ensure battery pack it is reliable fire extinguishing simultaneously And therefore avoid or at least reduce battery cell risk out of control.

Previous task is solved by Patent right requirement.Accordingly, the task passes through with independent claims 1 Feature has such battery for the battery pack of motor vehicle and by the feature with claim 10 arranged side by side The motor vehicle of group solves.Other feature and details of the invention is obtained by dependent claims, the description and the appended drawings.In This, it is obviously also related with motor vehicle according to the present invention to the feature and details that battery pack according to the present invention describes in association Connection ground is applicable in, and distinguishes that vice versa, so that the disclosure about each inventive aspect mutually refers to always or can be with Mutually reference.

According to the first aspect of the invention, the task for a kind of battery pack for motor vehicle by solving.It should Battery pack includes the battery pack wall for surrounding internal battery pack space；The extinguishing chemical storage being arranged in the internal battery pack space Storage, wherein accommodating extinguishing chemical in the extinguishing agent storage device；With in the internal battery pack space with the extinguishing chemical At least one battery cell discretely arranged.The extinguishing agent storage device has described for blocking (Zur ü ckhalten) The reservoir wall of extinguishing chemical.The battery pack so constructs, so that the reservoir wall is in the normal of the battery cell There is the first wall temperature in the case where running temperature and have in the case where the limit running temperature of the battery cell Second wall temperature.According to the present invention, the reservoir wall is configured to, and keeps being used in the case where first wall temperature It blocks the leakproofness of the extinguishing chemical and is damaged in the case where second wall temperature by heat.Second wall temperature Degree is higher than first wall temperature.The reservoir wall can be made to reach by the battery cell of the battery pack (bringbar) second wall temperature.

Battery pack wall is configured to, and protects internal battery pack space from external action, especially water, dirt and machinery Load etc..At least one battery cell, preferably multiple battery cells are arranged in internal battery pack space and preferred phase (lagefixiert) being fixed in position for battery housing.

Extinguishing agent storage device is arranged in internal battery pack space and so seals, so that being contained in extinguishing agent storage device In extinguishing chemical stayed in the extinguishing agent storage device during normal operation in battery pack.By this method, battery pack is protected Battery cell is from extinguishing chemical.As extinguishing chemical, it is preferable to use the extinguishing chemical of 3M company " Novec 1230 ".Fire extinguishing The side of agent reservoir towards at least one battery cell, such as at least one described battery cell especially directly phase It arranges adjacently.Therefore the heat issued by battery cell can be introduced into reservoir wall.In order to improve hot transmitting, reservoir wall is most It arranges with may be close to battery cell.According to the present invention it can be stated that reservoir wall is directly or through in heat transfer Between material contact battery cell.

The normal running temperature of battery pack indicates following temperature range: battery cell can have described in operation Temperature range, without the damage of battery pack.First wall temperature of reservoir wall will correspond in the operation of battery pack or Person at least substantially corresponds to the normal running temperature.Reservoir wall is configured to, and is protected in the case where the first wall temperature Hold structure and thereby, it is ensured that reliably blocking to extinguishing chemical.

The limit running temperature of battery cell indicates following temperature: in the case where the temperature, the operation of battery pack Safety is no longer ensured that.From the limiting temperature, such as battery cell may out of control or explosion.Reservoir wall construction For so failing in structure in the case where reaching the second wall temperature, so that no longer there is leakproofness and extinguishing chemical can It can be come out by reservoir wall.This can for example be carried out by the fusing of reservoir wall in the case where the second wall temperature.Institute The failure stated in structure is preferably irreversible.Second wall temperature be preferably placed at 180 DEG C hereinafter, especially 120 DEG C and 160 DEG C it Between.

Battery pack according to the present invention for motor vehicle has the advantage that relative to conventional battery pack by simple Device and with low cost ways and means can be avoided the out of control of battery cell and explosion.When the battery of battery pack Group battery reach capacity running temperature when, due to reservoir wall property and automatically damage reservoir wall, thus to excessive The battery cell of heating is rapidly cooling or puts out a fire.Additional sensing mechanism and executing agency are not required.

A kind of preferred expansion scheme according to the present invention, it can be stated that the reservoir wall has bullet in battery pack Property body.Preferably, reservoir wall is at least partly made of elastomer.Elastomer has the advantage that extinguishing agent storage device energy Enough adapt to the free space within internal battery pack space.By this method, the volume of extinguishing agent storage device and therefore can The amount for being enough contained in extinguishing chemical therein can maximize.Another advantage of elastomer is to pass through the flexibility of reservoir wall (Flexibilit t) can improve the hot-fluid (W rmefluss) in from battery cell to reservoir wall.

, it is preferred according to the present invention that a part of the reservoir wall is made up of the battery pack wall.Preferably, institute The part for stating reservoir wall has the property different from the part towards battery cell of reservoir wall.What is constructed in this way goes out Fiery agent reservoir has the advantage that the extinguishing agent storage device especially economical space saving constructs, and such battery pack can It is manufactured by simple mechanism and in a manner of low cost.

It is further preferred that arranging retention device (R ü between the battery cell and the extinguishing agent storage device Ckhaltevorrichtung), for extinguishing agent storage device to be stopped (zur ü ckhalten from the battery cell Von ...).Retention device preferably has rigidity more higher than reservoir wall, thus can be to extinguishing agent storage by retention device Device provides movement limitation.By this method, such as it can be avoided battery cell is inadvertently contacted by extinguishing agent storage device.This Outside, it can be avoided in an advantageous manner and by simple device due to external vibration (Ersch ü tterung) and damage and go out Fiery agent reservoir.

In a kind of particularly preferred configuration of the invention, it can be stated that the retention device is configured in battery pack Perforated metal plate (Lochblech) or grid (Gitter).Such retention device has the advantage that due to the second wall temperature It spends and in the case where the reservoir wall that is damaged, it is ensured that the quick and reliable flowing of extinguishing chemical to battery cell.

Preferably, the retention device and the battery cell, especially with the battery cell deviate from the resistance The side of blocking means thermally conductively couples.For this purpose, retention device preferably contacts reservoir wall and battery cell.Preferably, it hinders Blocking means are thermally conductively coupled with multiple positions of battery cell, so as to measure (abgreifbar) battery cell The temperature of different location.Thermal coupling has the advantage that in the case where reaching the limit running temperature of battery pack, extinguishing chemical Release is enhanced and has small delay.In addition, the heat that can will be generated by battery cell by such retention device It is directed to (heranf ü hrbar) reservoir wall, targetedly so as to cause the predetermined region of reservoir wall Failure in structure.It is had the advantage that especially in the thermal connection on the side of retention device of battery cell In the case where battery cell temporarily, at least has different temperatures in the different areas, the delay of the release of extinguishing chemical can Further it is enhanced.

, it is preferred according to the present invention that the retention device is disposed on the upside of the battery cell.Battery pack Upside pointed up in having been charged into the state of (einbauen) in a motor vehicle.This have the advantage that extinguishing chemical by Gravity can be directed to battery cell, to ensure with simple device and with the ways and means of low cost to battery The improved fire extinguishing or cooling of group battery.

It is further preferred that the extinguishing agent storage device is configured to superpressure container.It is introduced in extinguishing agent storage device Extinguishing chemical is preferably under superpressure.This has the advantage that extinguishing chemical in reservoir wall damage particularly rapidly from fire extinguishing It particularly rapidly and effectively puts out a fire out and therefore to battery cell in agent reservoir or cooling.

Preferably, the battery pack has the pressure sensing for monitoring the internal pressure in the extinguishing agent storage device Device.It is further preferred that the internal pressure in extinguishing agent storage device is depending on extinguishing chemical wall (L schmittelwandung) Temperature, to can be inferred that the temperature of extinguishing chemical wall by the pressure of extinguishing chemical detected.It therefore can be with simple device The release for showing the upcoming release of extinguishing chemical and having carried out.

According to the second aspect of the invention, the task is solved by a kind of motor vehicle with motor and battery pack Certainly.According to the present invention, battery configuration is the battery pack according to the present invention according to the first aspect of the present invention.

Following all advantages are obtained in the case where described motor vehicle: the advantage is about according to the present invention First aspect described in be described for the battery pack of motor vehicle.Accordingly, motor vehicle according to the present invention is relative to routine Motor vehicle have the advantage that by simple device and by low cost ways and means can be avoided battery pack electricity The out of control and explosion in pond.When the battery cell of battery pack reaches capacity running temperature, by the property of reservoir wall, certainly Reservoir wall is damaged dynamicly, thus or fire extinguishing rapidly cooling to the battery cell being heated excessively.Additional sensing machine Structure and executing agency are not required.Especially under crash behavior, therefore motor vehicle according to the present invention has king-sized Safety in operation.

Detailed description of the invention

Battery pack according to the present invention and motor vehicle according to the present invention is further described below according to attached drawing.Wherein, Respectively schematically:

Fig. 1 is shown in section the preferred first embodiment of battery pack according to the present invention；

Fig. 2 is shown in section the preferred second embodiment of battery pack according to the present invention；With

Fig. 3 is shown ... in a side view motor vehicle according to the present invention.

The element of function and the mode of action having the same is respectively equipped with identical appended drawing reference in Fig. 1 to 3.

Specific embodiment

In Fig. 1, schematically describe the preferred first embodiment of battery pack 1 according to the present invention with sectional view. Battery pack 1 has a battery pack wall 4, and the battery pack wall surrounds internal battery pack space 3 and to exterior shield (abschirmen).In internal battery pack space 3, in this example, two battery cells 7 are based especially on Li ion Battery cell be arranged side by side.Battery cell 7 is respectively provided with two electrodes 14, and described two electrodes are towards battery pack 1 Upside 11 orients (ausrichten).In the region of the upside of battery pack 1 11, extinguishing agent storage device 5 is arranged in battery pack In portion space 3.The reservoir wall 8 of extinguishing agent storage device 5 contacts battery pack wall 4 and battery cell 7 and electrode 14, wherein institute Stating reservoir wall especially has elastomer.Extinguishing chemical 6 is arranged in extinguishing agent storage device 5, the extinguishing chemical is preferably at super It presses under (ü berdruck).In order to determine that the pressure in extinguishing agent storage device 5, battery pack 1 have pressure sensor 12, the pressure Force snesor is arranged in extinguishing agent storage device 5.Reservoir wall 8 so constructs, for withstanding the normal of battery cell 7 It running temperature and is broken in the case where reaching or limit running temperature beyond at least one battery cell 7 (nachgeben) and extinguishing chemical 6 is discharged, for the fire extinguishing of battery cell 7 or cooling.

Fig. 2 is schematically shown in section the preferred second embodiment of battery pack 1 according to the present invention.Battery pack 1 has a battery pack wall 4, and the battery pack wall surrounds internal battery pack space 3 and to exterior shield.In internal battery pack space In 3, in this example, two battery cells 7, the battery cell for being based especially on Li ion are arranged side by side.Battery pack Battery 7 is respectively provided with two electrodes 14, and described two electrodes are oriented towards the upside of battery pack 1 11.In the upside of battery pack 1 11 In region, extinguishing agent storage device 5 is arranged in internal battery pack space 3.In order to block extinguishing agent storage device 5, battery pack 1 has It is configured to the retention device 9 of perforated metal plate 10.Retention device 9 preferably has particularly preferred heat conductivity, such as copper.In addition, 16 thermal coupling of downside that retention device 9 passes through optional heat conductor 15 and battery cell 7.Stopped by 7 Duis of battery cell Therefore the heating of device 9 can be carried out by heat conductor 15 and directly by heat radiation.According to the present invention also it can be stated that resistance Blocking means 9 contact the upside 11 of battery cell 7 directly or through other unshowned heat conductor 15.Extinguishing agent storage The reservoir wall 8 of device 5 contacts battery pack wall 4 and retention device 9, wherein the reservoir wall especially has elastomer.It is putting out a fire Arrange that extinguishing chemical 6, the extinguishing chemical are preferably under superpressure in agent reservoir 5.Reservoir wall 8 so constructs, for being subjected to Firmly the normal running temperature of battery cell 7 and reach or beyond at least one battery cell 7 the limit operation temperature It is broken in the case where degree and discharges extinguishing chemical 6 for the fire extinguishing of battery cell 7 or cooling.By in perforated metal plate 10 The hole of construction is conducive to extinguishing chemical 6 and passes through (durchleiten) to battery cell 7 from extinguishing agent storage device 5.

Motor vehicle 2 according to the present invention is schematically shown ... in a side view in Fig. 3.Motor vehicle 2 have motor 13 with And battery pack 1 according to the present invention, the motor and the battery pack are indicated by a dotted line respectively in the diagram.

Reference signs list

1 battery pack

2 motor vehicles

3 internal battery pack spaces

4 battery pack walls

5 extinguishing agent storage devices

6 extinguishing chemicals

7 battery cells

8 reservoir walls

9 retention devices

10 perforated metal plates

11 upsides

12 pressure sensors

13 motor

14 electrodes

15 heat conductors

16 downsides.