阅读说明：本技术 复合材料 (Composite material ) 是由 ***·阿里·萨那古伊 于 2018-02-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：公开了复合材料和生产用于制造、建筑和建造的复合材料的方法。如本文公开的组合物包含分散在热塑性聚合物和蜡的基质中的高比例的颗粒废料。生产复合材料的方法包括将热塑性聚合物和蜡与颗粒材料熔体混合,从而将颗粒材料分散在复合材料的熔体混合物中。(Disclose the method for the composite material of composite material and production for manufacturing, building and build.Composition as disclosed herein includes a high proportion of granular wastes being dispersed in the matrix of thermoplastic polymer and wax.The method of production composite material includes by thermoplastic polymer and wax and granular materials melt mixed, so that granular materials is dispersed in the melt blend of composite material.)

A kind of granular materials 1. composite material, in the matrix including being dispersed in thermoplastic polymer and wax.

2. composite material according to claim 1, wherein the composite material includes being dispersed in thermoplastic polymer and wax Homogeneous matrix in granular materials.

3. composite material according to claim 1, wherein the composite material includes being dispersed in thermoplastic polymer and wax Heterogeneous matrix in granular materials.

4. composite material according to claim 1, wherein the composite material includes being dispersed in heterogeneous matrix Grain material, wherein the heterogeneous matrix include the first thermoplastic polymer being dispersed in the homogeneous matrix of wax particle and With the fusing point lower than first thermoplastic polymer and the second thermoplasticity that the homogeneous matrix can be formed with wax polymerize The particle of object.

5. composite material according to any one of claim 1 to 4, wherein it includes below that the granular materials, which is selected from, Group: flying dust, cenosphere, come spontaneous combustion coal wet bottom boiler equipment clinker, the ash from waste incinerator, silica, sand Son, kaolin, red mud, barite, aluminium oxide, iron oxide, titanium dioxide, zirconium oxide, ceramic metal oxide, wood powder, sawdust, Shuck, corn cob granule, rice bran, rubber powder or the combination of two or more among the above.

6. composite material according to claim 5, wherein the granular materials includes flying dust.

7. composite material according to claim 6, wherein the composite material includes by weight about 60% to about 90% Flying dust.

8. composite material according to any one of claim 1 to 7, wherein the thermoplastic polymer includes that low-density is poly- Ethylene.

9. composite material according to any one of claim 1 to 8, wherein the wax includes paraffin.

10. composite material according to any one of claim 1 to 9, wherein the wax can be by the total of the matrix There are in the matrix from the amount of about 5% to about 90% for poidometer.

11. composite material according to any one of claim 1 to 9, wherein the thermoplastic polymer can be to press institute Stating the total weight of matrix, there are in the matrix from the amount of about 10% to about 95%.

12. a kind of method for producing composite material, the method includes mixing thermoplastic polymer and wax with granular materials melt It closes, to the granular materials is dispersed in the melt blend of the composite material.

13. according to the method for claim 12, wherein the step of melt mixed includes the thermoplastic that will be coated in wax Property polymer beads together with granular materials or are separately introduced in melt compounding equipment, and allow the wax and optionally institute Thermoplastic polymer particles are stated in the operation temperature softening and fusing of the melt compounding equipment, to produce the melt mixed Object.

14. according to claim 12 or claim 13 described in method, wherein the method also includes by the melt mixed Object is configured to desired form, and the melt blend is allowed to harden.

15. according to the method for claim 14, wherein including extrusion, molding or calendering by melt blend forming.

16. a kind of composite material, the composite material is produced by method described in any one of claim 12 to 15 Composite material according to any one of claim 1 to 11.

17. a kind of article of manufacture, is made from composite material according to any one of claim 1 to 11.

Technical field

This disclosure relates to composite materials, especially in building (building) and construction (construction) industry Used in composite material.The method that present disclosure further relates to production composite material.

Background

The understanding of the present invention is facilitated to the following discussion intention of the background of present disclosure.It is, however, to be understood that Be, the discussion be not confirmation or recognize any material mentioned be such as announced in the priority date of the application, it is known or public Know a part of common sense.

In the manufacture of polymer material (plastics) it is known that using about 1 to about 5 a small amount of weight percent wax with Reduce the viscosity and fusing point and/or to serve as lubricant and release agent of polymer material.Although the volume for increasing wax can reduce Relative polymer volume and manufacturing cost is reduced, but it also negatively affects the mechanical strength of polymer material.

It is also known that using inert filler for example calcium carbonate, talcum, kaolin, barium sulfate, silica, mica, Flying dust, wood powder and sawdust are strong with changes and improvements physical property and engineering properties, such as machinery as the filler in plastics Degree, rheological behaviour and thermal degradation.Being evenly distributed in the enhancing of these properties for these fillers plays an important role.

The agglomeration of such filler can reduce they assign polymer physical property and engineering properties it is improved Ability.The surface that some researchs already have accounted for such filler is modified, to enhance the interaction of polymer-filled agent simultaneously And improve the dispersion of filler in the polymer.By chemical modification, some researchers have found that the concentration of filler can be with Increase to 10%, the property without damaging composite material.

In the presence of the demand to new and improved composite material, the composite material is using lower cost materials and has suitable Close widely applied desirable physical property and engineering properties.

It summarizes

This disclosure provides the methods of composite material and production composite material.

The one aspect of present disclosure is related to composite material, which includes being dispersed in thermoplastic polymer and wax Matrix in granular materials.

In one embodiment, composite material includes the homogeneous matrix for being dispersed in thermoplastic polymer and wax Granular materials in (homogenous matrix).

In selectable embodiment, composite material includes being dispersed in the heterogeneous matrix of thermoplastic polymer and wax Granular materials.

In one embodiment, granular materials can be selected from including below group: flying dust, cenosphere, the liquid for carrying out spontaneous combustion coal The clinker of state slag-discharging boiler equipment (coal-fired wet-bottom boiler plant), the ash from waste incinerator, Volcanic ash, from waste to the residue of energy technique (waste-to-energy process), silica, sand, glass, Kaolin, red mud, barite, aluminium oxide, iron oxide, titanium dioxide, zirconium oxide, ceramic metal oxide, waste cement particle, wood Powder, sawdust, agricultural wastes such as shuck, corn cob granule, rice bran, rubber powder (ground rubber) or one of above-mentioned Or more combination.

In a specific embodiment, granular materials includes flying dust.

In a specific embodiment, thermoplastic polymer may include low density polyethylene (LDPE).

In a specific embodiment, wax may include paraffin.

The other aspect of present disclosure is related to the method for producing composite material, and the method includes polymerizeing thermoplasticity Object and wax and flying dust melt mixed (melt mix), so that flying dust is dispersed in the melt blend of composite material.

In one embodiment, this method can also include the melt blend is configured to desired form, and And the melt blend is allowed to harden.It may include squeezing out, mould or rolling by melt blend forming.

The another aspect of present disclosure is related to the article of the manufacture made of composite material as described herein.

Detailed description of the invention

Hereinafter and multiple embodiments of present disclosure are described with reference to the drawings, in the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 illustrates schematically the device and work for being used to prepare the composite material of embodiment according to the present invention Skill.

The description of embodiment

This disclosure relates to composite materials, are especially building and building composite material used in industry.The disclosure The method that content further relates to production composite material.

General terms

In entire this specification, unless otherwise specified or context is required otherwise, otherwise to single step, substance Composition, step group or substance composition group refer to should be considered as covering these steps, substance composition, One in the group of the composition of the group or substance of step and more than one (i.e. one or more).Therefore, as made herein , unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise singular " one (a) ", " one (an) " and " being somebody's turn to do (the) " include multiple Number aspect.For example, refer to " one (a) " include single and two or more；Refer to that " one (an) " includes single and two Or more；Refer to " should (the) " include single and two or more etc..

Unless otherwise expressly specified, otherwise each example of present disclosure as described herein will be subject to necessary modification quilt Applied to every other example.Present disclosure is not only restricted in the range of specific example described herein, and specific example is only anticipated Figure is for illustrative purposes.Functionally equivalent product, composition and method is clearly in disclosure as described herein In range.

Term "and/or" for example, " X and/or Y " should be understood as meaning " X and Y " or " X or Y ", and should be regarded To provide specific support to two kinds of meanings or to any meaning.

In entire this specification, word " including (comprise) " or modification such as " including (comprises) " and " packet Include (comprising) " it will be understood to mean including element, integer or the step stated or element, integer or step Rapid group but the group for being not excluded for any other element, integer or step or element, integer or step.

Unless otherwise defined, otherwise all technologies and scientific and technical terminology used herein all have the neck as belonging to the present invention The identical meanings that those of ordinary skill in domain is generally understood.Although can be in practice or test of the invention using similar In or be equivalent to the method and material of method those of described herein and material, but suitable method and material is described below. In case of a collision, be subject to including define this specification.In addition, these materials, method and example are only explanations Property and be not intended to be restrictive.

It should be noted that in the range of this table indicating value, it will be clear that ground understands that the range covers the upper limit of the range under All values between limit and these limit values.

As the term " about " that uses throughout the specification mean it is substantially or close, and in numerical value set forth herein or model In the context enclosed, it is intended to cover described or claimed several value or ranges ± 10% or smaller, ± 5% or smaller, ± 1% or smaller, or ± 0.1% or smaller variation.

Composite material

Composite material includes the granular materials being dispersed in the matrix of thermoplastic polymer and wax.

Granular materials can selected from include below group: flying dust, cenosphere, come spontaneous combustion coal wet bottom boiler equipment furnace Slag, the ash from waste incinerator, volcanic ash, from waste to the residue of energy technique, silica, sand, glass, kaolinite Soil, red mud, barite, aluminium oxide, iron oxide, titanium dioxide, zirconium oxide, ceramic metal oxide, waste cement particle, wood powder, Sawdust, agricultural wastes such as shuck, corn cob granule, rice bran, rubber powder, or one or more of combinations among the above. Grain material can be (toxic or potentially harmful) of inert (such as nontoxic) or non-inert.

Material and application depending on final products, can be used a series of particle size to form composite material, from Microsize is to large-sized particle.

Composite material may include the granular materials of about 10wt% to about 90wt%, or even about 60wt% to about 90wt%'s Granular materials.Particularly, composite material may include the flying dust of about 10wt% to about 90wt%, or even about 60wt% to about The flying dust of 90wt%.

Flying dust can be defined as the solid extracted from the flue gas of the boiler of burning pulverized coal (pulverised coal) Material.Source and composition depending on just burned coal, and the burning condition used in its production and contamination control are set Standby, the chemical property and physical property of flying dust can be different.In general, flying dust includes silica (SiO₂) (unbodied and knot Brilliant the two), aluminium oxide (Al₂O₃) and calcium oxide (CaO).Flying dust can also include other microelements, including but not limited to Arsenic, beryllium, boron, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, lead, manganese, mercury, molybdenum, selenium, strontium, thallium and vanadium.

Fly ash granule it is generally spherical in shape, and size is in the range from 0.5 μm to 100 μm.

According to Australian Standard AS3582.1, the flying dust of two kinds of grades, common grade and superfine can be recommended.Flying dust Classification standard is based on testing described in the multiple portions of (13) AS3583, wherein requiring to include as defined in main: fineness (% Across 45 tm screens)；Loss on ignition, water capacity and SO₃Content.Superfine flying dust, commonly known as ultra-fine flying dust, can have with carefully The identical property of grade flying dust (fine grade fly ash).They can be specially selected from collecting thinner material from flue gas Power station settling vessel group (power station precipitator bank), or be collected and mill (post-mill) with after And classification, to produce the fine product for meeting AS3582.1 and defining.

It will be appreciated that flying dust can be classified in different countries according to different standards and specifications.

However, it improves composite wood as described herein although the physical property and chemical property of flying dust have differences One of engineering properties of material or more, such as rigidity, intensity, impact resistance and temperature tolerance, dimensional stability, creep Property, surface hardness, marresistance, fire resistance and ultraviolet degradation.

Any thermoplastic polymer can be advantageously used in composite material.When preparation composite material or when mixing is compound When material, DEG C softening or the thermoplastic polymer in melting form are in terms of reducing cost of energy from about 100 DEG C to about 260 Most convenient.Such polymer will be well known to those skilled in the art, and including but not limited to polyolefin, polyamide, Polyester, polymethacrylates, polycarbonate, polyvinylhalide (polyvinyl halide), polyvinyl alcohol, polynitriles, polyacetals, Polyimides, polyether-ketone, polyhydroxyalkanoates (polyhydroxyalkanoate), gathers poly aryl ketone (polyarylketone) Caprolactone, polystyrene, polyurethane, polysulfones, polyethylene oxide, polyphenylene sulfides (polyphenylene Sulphide), poly- acetic acid esters, liquid crystal polymer, fluoropolymer, ionomer (ionomeric polymer) and it In any copolymer and any two in them or more combination.

Particularly preferred thermoplastic polymer includes polyethylene (including high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE) and low density polyethylene (LDPE) (LDPE)), polypropylene, acronitrile-butadiene-styrene, polymethyl methacrylate, cellulose acetate, cyclic olefine copolymer, second Base-vinyl acetate (ethyl-vinyl acetate), ethylene-vinyl alcohol (ethylene vinyl alcohol), polytetrafluoro Ethylene, polyformaldehyde, polyacrylonitrile, polyamide 6, polyamide 6,6, polyamide-imides, poly(aryl ether ketone), polybutene, poly- to benzene two Formic acid butanediol ester, polycaprolactone, polychlorotrifluoroethylene (polychlorotrifluorethylene), poly terephthalic acid second Diol ester, polyeyclohexylenedimethylene terephthalate (polycyclohexylene dimethylene Terephthalate), polycarbonate, poly butyric ester, polyether-ether-ketone, polyether ketone ketone, polyetherimide, polyether sulfone, chlorination Polyethylene, polyimides, polylactic acid, polymethylpentene, polystyrene ether, polyphenylene sulfides (polyphenylene Sulphide), polyphthalamide, polysulfones, polypropylene terephthalate, polyurethane, acrylic resin, poly- acetic acid second Enester, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene, nylon, polybutadiene, styrene-acrylonitrile and its mixture.

Polyethylene is particularly suitable for composite material as described herein, because it is relative inertness, and having can With fusion temperature in the range of from about 105 DEG C to about 130 DEG C.

Polyethylene can be classified into several different classifications based on such as feature of its density and the degree of branching.Its mechanicalness Matter depends on the degree of such as branching and the variable of type, crystal structure and molecular weight significantly.When according to density classification, Polyethylene exists in a variety of forms, most commonly high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE), linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) and low Density polyethylene (LDPE).

The property of LDPE shown in table 1 as follows, makes it suitable for for composite material.

The property of table 1-LDPE

Density (g/cm3)	0.910-0.940
		Tensile strength (N/mm2)	0.20-0.40
Fusing point (DEG C)	105-115
		Glass transition temperature (DEG C)	-125
Elastic (Young) modulus (GPa)	0.30

LDPE is particularly suitable for composite material as described herein.LDPE is by 0.910-0.940g/cm³Density range It defines.LDPE has the short chain and long chain branching of height, it means that chain will not be stacked into crystal structure.Therefore, it has There are weaker molecular separating force and less dipole induced dipole interaction.This leads to have lower tensile strength and increased The polymer material of ductility.The highly branched of long-chain gives melting LDPE uniqueness and desirable flowing property.

The quality of thermoplastic polymer can be first-class or be reworked via recycling.Use the thermoplasticity of recycling Polymer can reduce cost for manufacturer, and can meet or be more than Environmental Sustainability requirement.

In some embodiments, thermoplastic polymer can be with the total weight by matrix from about 10% to about 95% There are in the matrix of thermoplastic polymer and wax for amount.In some embodiments, thermoplastic polymer can be by the total of matrix The amount below of poidometer exists: from about 20% to about 95%, from about 30% to about 95%, from about 30% to about 90%, from about 30% to about 85%, from about 30% to about 80%, from about 30% to about 75%, from about 30% to about 70%, from about 30% to about 65%, from about 30% to about 60%, from about 30% to about 55%, from about 30% to about 50%, from about 30% to about 45%, from about 30% to about 40%, or from about 30% to about 35%.

Composite material further includes wax.As understood by those skilled in the art, wax, which belongs to, has extension near ambient temperature A kind of compound of property.Typically, wax is being higher than 45 DEG C of fusings, to generate low-viscosity (mobile) liquid.Wax is hydrophobic, but solvable In organic nonpolar solvent.All waxes are all organic compounds, existing synthesis, are also had derived from natural.Native paraffin is usual It is the ester of fatty acid and long-chain alcohol.Synthetic wax is the absence of the long chain hydrocarbons of functional group.

Wax suitable for composite material includes any various hydrocarbon (alkane or alkene of linear chain or branched chain), ketone, diketone, primary Alcohol or secondary alcohol, aldehyde, sterol ester, alkanoic acid, terpenes, monoesters, such as with from C₁₂-C₃₈Those of carbon chain lengths in range. Diester or other branched esters are also suitable.The compound can be alcohol (other than glycerol or glycerol) and C₈Or more advanced fat The ester of acid.

In some embodiments, wax is selected from one of following or more: mineral wax, for example, paraffin, beeswax (such as From the available cera alba SP-422P of Strahl and Pitsch of West Babylon, New York), Chinese wax, wool Rouge, shellac wax, spermaceti, bayberry wax, candelila wax (candelilla), vegetable wax such as Brazil wax, insect wax, castor-oil plant Wax, esparto wax, Japan tallow, SIMMONDSIA CHINENSIS SEED OIL, ouricury wax, rice bran wax, soya wax, lotus flower wax (lotus wax) (for example, from The available lotus pearl head-ornaments wax of Deveraux specialities, Silmar, California (Nelumbo Nucefera Floral Wax)), ceresine (ceresin wax), lignite wax, ozocerite (ozocerite), peat wax, microwax, petroleum jelly, Fischer-Tropsch Wax, substituted amide wax (substituted amide wax), cetyl palmitate, dodecyl palmitate, hexadecane (such as PERFORMALENE 400 has for base stearyl stearate (cetostearyl stearate), polyethylene wax 450 molecular weight and 84 DEG C of fusing point can be obtained from New Phase Technologies of Sugar Land, Texas) and silicon Ketone wax, such as C_30-45Alkyl methicone (alkyl methicone) and C_30-45Alkene (such as Dow Corning AMS-C30 can be obtained with 70 DEG C of fusing point from Dow Corning of Midland, Michigan).

In some embodiments, composite material includes paraffin.Paraffin is a kind of oil product, by hydrogen and has 20- The carbon molecules composition of 40 carbon atoms.Paraffin is widely used in the various applications of industry and daily life.The property of paraffin is below It is shown in table 2.

The property of table 2- paraffin

Density (g/cm3)	0.88-0.92
		Fusing point (DEG C)	40-70
Boiling temperature (DEG C)	370

In some embodiments, wax can be with by the total weight of matrix, from the amount of about 5% to about 90%, there are thermoplastics In the matrix of property polymer and wax.In some embodiments, wax can be to be existed by the amount below of the total weight of matrix: From about 5% to about 80%, from about 5% to about 70%, from about 10% to about 70%, from about 15% to about 70%, from about 20% to About 70% from about 25% to about 70%, from about 30% to about 70%, from about 35% to about 70%, from about 40% to about 70%, from About 45% to about 70%, from about 50% to about 70%, from about 55% to about 70%, from about 60% to about 70%, or from about 65% To about 70%.

Flying dust can be dispersed in the homogeneous matrix of thermoplastic polymer and wax.Term " homogeneous matrix " as used herein Refer to continuous phase, wherein thermoplastic polymer and wax is intimately mix with one another reaches degree below: matrix throughout has By uniformly forming and property, and the particle of thermoplastic polymer and wax is throughout undistinguishable.

Selectively, flying dust can be dispersed in the heterogeneous matrix of thermoplastic polymer and wax.Art as used herein Language " heterogeneous matrix " refers to mixture, and wherein the particle of thermoplastic polymer is differentiable in the Medium Culture of wax.

The particle of thermoplastic polymer can have any suitable form, and have the particle size of up to 5mm.It is logical Often, the particle of thermoplastic polymer can be prepared by squeezing out and being cut to desired particle size.Thermoplastic polymer Particle can be covered by wax in the Optional for preparing the heterogeneous matrix or composite material as described herein.Wax applies Layer may include other additives as described below for a specific purpose.

In one embodiment, composite material may include the granular materials being dispersed in heterogeneous matrix, wherein institute State the particle and have than institute that heterogeneous matrix includes the first thermoplastic polymer being dispersed in the homogeneous matrix including wax It states the low fusing point of the first thermoplastic polymer and the particle of the second thermoplastic polymer of the homogeneous matrix can be formed with wax.

Flying dust and the ratio of the matrix can be from about 20:80 to about 80:20 or from about 60:40 to about in composite material 70:30, or from about 70:30 to about 75:25.

In some embodiments, composite material can be optionally comprising the required processing to be enough to obtain composite material One or more of additives of the amount of property or performance.The amount of additive should not waste additive, should not also damage multiple The processing or performance of condensation material.

The illustrative example of optional additive include but is not limited to tackifier, biocide (antibacterial agent, fungicide and Mould inhibitor)；Antifog agent；Antistatic agent；Bonding agent, foaming agent and foaming agent；Dispersing agent, filler and incremental agent；Fireproof agent With fire retardant and smoke suppressant；Impact modifying agent；Initiator；Lubricant；Mica group (micas)；Pigment, colorant and dyestuff； Plasticizer；Processing aid；Release agent；Silane, titanate and zirconates；Smoothing preparation and anti-blocking agent；Stabilizer；Stearate； Ultraviolet absorbing agent；Viscosity modifier；And combinations thereof.

When ash content or when being oxidized and not served as the other materials of fuel source and be used as particulate component, composite wood Material is considered to have the beneficial quality in terms of anti-flammability for construction.Be not intending to be bound by any theory, it is believed that in polymer and The non-combustible granular materials (regardless of whether including fire retarding chimical) of large scale in wax-matrix will be used to for example resist or put out Flame in the one side of building structure.In addition, being contrasted with the concrete material after flame from damaging, perhaps likely then repair The multiple structural elements formed by composite material as disclosed herein.

Composite material as disclosed herein is used as the one or more layers in multilayer sandwich structure, the interlayer knot Structure can also include insulating materials, structural metal, plastering (rendering) and/or coating etc..In composite wood as disclosed herein In the case that material is used for the construction of outdoor structure, external plastering or coating can be improved polymers compositions to due to come from into The resistance of the UV-induced degradation of sun.Superficial layer or plastering with suitable substance can be utilized to improve whole The fire resistance of a structure.Certainly, for for example in underground or underwater application, fire resistance and UV degradability are inessential.

It has been found that the composite material of embodiment building according to the present invention has very desirable performance characteristic.Example Such as, the properties of product test result shown in the following table 3 is obtained under US DOE testing scheme by NATA accredited laboratory 's.

Table 3- properties of product test result

Composition	Compression	Hardometer	Leachability
				60% useless particle, 40% polymer/wax-matrix	2550psi	59 Shore Ds	0.023%
70% useless particle, 30% polymer/wax-matrix	2923psi	63 Shore Ds	0.023%
				80% useless particle, 20% polymer/wax-matrix	2873psi	57 Shore Ds	0.134%

(immersing the leachability measurement in distilled water after 11 days)

The method for producing composite material

The method of production composite material includes by thermoplastic polymer and wax and granular materials melt mixed, thus by particle Material is dispersed in the melt blend of composite material.

In one embodiment, before by granular materials and thermoplastic polymer and wax melt mixed, can pass through Granular materials is ground into desired particle size by any suitable routine techniques as is known to persons skilled in the art, described normal Rule technology includes but is not limited to grind, crush, milling.

Advantageously, granular materials does not need drying before melt mixed, because the thermal energy from melt blending processes is logical Water capacity when being generally sufficient to reduce granular materials in the matrix that it is dispersed in thermoplastic polymer and wax.

Term " melt mixed " or " mechanical melt mixed " are interchangeable, and as used herein, refer to machinery Process, wherein the mixture and flying dust of thermoplastic polymer and wax are mechanical when the mixture is in a molten state or liquid Mixing.Therefore, melt mixed is intended that different from the flying dust only addition into molten mixture, or vice versa, described In addition, mixing and dispersion of the flying dust in entire mixture are limited or are not present and relatively inefficient.

Technology and equipment as known in the art can be advantageously used to carry out in melt mixed.For example, melt mixed can It is realized with using continuous extrusion equipment, the continuous extrusion equipment such as double screw extruder, single screw extrusion machine, other are more Screw extruder and Farell mixing machine.

Melt blend may include the homogeneous mixture of thermoplastic polymer and wax, which is cooled to homogeneous Matrix.

Selectively, melt blend may include the Inhomogeneous charge object of thermoplastic polymer and wax, as discussed previously. When cooled, thermoplastic polymer is dispersed in Inhomogeneous charge object as the particle of the thermoplastic polymer in wax-matrix In.

When carrying out method as described herein, thermoplastic polymer and wax and granular materials (such as flying dust) can be with one Play or be dividually introduced into melt compounding equipment.Thermoplastic polymer, wax and optionally one or more of additives can also be with It is introduced into melt compounding equipment together or dividually.

In some embodiments, the particle for the thermoplastic polymer being coated in wax melt mixed can be introduced into set In standby, to prepare the homogeneous matrix of thermoplastic polymer and wax.In the specific embodiment, the fusing point of thermoplastic polymer is low In the operation temperature of melt compounding equipment, so that both thermoplastic polymer and wax soften when being lower than operation temperature and fusing, And in conjunction with to generate homogeneous matrix.Granular materials (such as flying dust) can with wax coat thermoplastic polymer particles together with or Dividually it is introduced into melt compounding equipment.

Selectively, the particle for the thermoplastic polymer being coated in wax can be introduced into melt compounding equipment, with Prepare the heterogeneous matrix of thermoplastic polymer and wax.In the selectable embodiment, the fusing point of thermoplastic polymer is high In the operation temperature of melt compounding equipment.Therefore, at the operational, thermoplastic polymer particles keep its shape and form, Wax softening simultaneously and fusing, to generate the heterogeneous matrix for the thermoplastic polymer particles being dispersed in melting wax-matrix. Grain material (such as flying dust) can be introduced into melt compounding equipment together with the thermoplastic polymer particles that wax coats or dividually.

In some embodiments, it can prepare comprising wax, the first thermoplastic polymer and the second thermoplastic polymer Heterogeneous matrix, second thermoplastic polymer have the fusing point lower than the first thermoplastic polymer and can be formed with wax Homogeneous matrix.The particle of the first thermoplastic polymer and the second thermoplastic polymer that are optionally coated in wax can be with particle Material (such as flying dust) and wax are introduced into melt compounding equipment together or dividually.In the specific embodiment, granular materials It is dispersed in the first thermoplastic polymer in the homogeneous matrix of the second thermoplastic polymer and wax.

Melt blend provides relatively less viscous melting matrix, and granular materials can be dispersed therein.

One embodiment of method as described herein can illustrate that Fig. 1 is for implementing this method with reference to Fig. 1 The diagram of device 100.In the device 100, granular materials 12 is fed in melt compounding equipment 14 via hopper 16.As herein Disclosed, adhesives 10, wax and the optionally one or more of additives of such as thermoplastic polymer can be via one A or more hopper 18 is dividually added into melt compounding equipment 14 with granular materials.

Melt compounding equipment 14 may include screw conveyer, which facilitates granular materials and thermoplastic Property polymer and wax homogeneous (or heterogeneous) mixture mixing, and gained mixture can be conveyed by one or more Multiple heating zones 22,24,26 are to melt the mixture and granular materials dispersion is melted matrix throughout gained.

Fill process can be automatically, and preferably microprocessor control.Multiple feeders can be used, In each individually feeder adjusted by master controller, master controller monitoring and adjust granular materials, wax and thermoplastic polymer Delivering, to keep desired weight ratio or volume ratio between these components.

It advantageously, should when granular materials passes through heating element 20 before with thermoplastic polymer and wax melt mixed Granular materials can undergo drying in melt compounding equipment 14.

This method can also be included in front of allowing the melt blend hardening, by what is generated by melt compounding equipment 14 Gained composite material 30 is configured to desired form.It in embodiments, may include squeezing material by melt blend forming Out, mould or be rolled into desired form.

In a particularly advantageous application, composite material as disclosed herein can be used for increasing material manufacturing technique (additive manufacturing process), wherein composite material in single program/device by melt mixed and Be formed as the structure or article of manufacture.For example, international patent publications WO2017/035584 is described for manufacturing composite material The increasing material manufacturing technique of the increasing material manufacturing technique of enhancing, the enhancing can be used for together with composite material as disclosed herein It uses.The disclosure and content of the announcement are accordingly by being incorporated herein by reference.

The article of any amount of manufacture can be made of composite material as described herein.The explanation of the article of manufacture Property example includes but is not limited to: utensil, for example, refrigerator, freezer unit, washing machine, dryer, oven, blender, vacuum cleaner, Kettle, coffee machine, mixer, processor；Building and construction article, such as plate (panel), fence, deck and railing, Plate, floor covering, pipeline and accessory, siding, fringing (trim), window, shutter, door, moulding (moulding)；Pipe Road product (plumbing product), such as toilet seat and wall coverings；The consumer goods, such as electric hand-held tool (power Hand tool), rake, scoop, grass trimmer；Movement and Relexing device, such as golf club, fishing rod and raft (watercraft)；Electric/electronic, such as printer, counter body, business equipment, projector, telecommunication apparatus；Doctor Treat health product, such as wheelchair, bed, test equipment and packaging；Industrial products, such as container, bottle, rotary drum, material processing, tooth Wheel, bearing, washer and sealing element, valve, wind turbine and safety equipment；For the packaging of the consumer goods, such as food and drink Material, cosmetics, detergent and detergent, personal care articles, drug and health-oriented products (wellness product)；Transport article (transportation article), such as Automotive aftermarket (automotive aftermarket part), insurance Electrical and hood (under hood under thick stick, window seal (window seal), instrument board, console, hood electrical and engine cover)；And military and defence article, such as tank protector (tank Shielding), underground or ground blindage, breakage-proof protector, etc..

Such article can be molded by composite material by routine techniques as known to those skilled in the art, be squeezed Out or roll.It will be appreciated that composite material can be heated to such temperature, in the temperature, composite material can It is molded, squeezes out or is rolled into the desired shape and form of the article of manufacture, subsequent natural cooling or acceleration are cooling to be formed Final desired article.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that can many modifications may be made and/or repairs to embodiments described above Change, without departing from the extensive general range of present disclosure.Therefore, embodiment of the present invention is considered in all respects It is illustrative and be not restrictive.